Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COVER
Missing
the forest
for the
trees Frenzied tree-planting drives
ignore the fact that ecological
restoration means planting the
right species in the right places
in the right mix p3 At home A Nilgiri langur rests
in thick foliage in Cairn Hill,
Udhagamandalam.
A.J.T. Johnsingh
IN THE NEWS
CM CH-X
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THE HINDU Magazine
02 CHENNAI
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Cover story
Reading the
story of Ila Mitra
shook me to the
core and I had
to lie down for
a bit. (‘The rebel
who missed the
Olympics’; Aug.
1) The revealing
lot of guilt over the trees account of
Web consultation has cut down to make paper, police torture
I take a printout to read. and the internal
proliferated during the The pandemic has contradictions
of Left politics
pandemic, but clinical visits will made us innovate to provide
services from healthcare to was
not go extinct anytime soon home delivery. There is a prolifer heartbreaking.
ation of apps which provide on Vikas Singh
line consultation from the
home or office of a doctor to a ■ There are
Sunil Furtado
person anywhere in the world. several unsung
I
recently received a social media Doctors have been dealing with heroes like Ila
forward listing 10 things that a gamut of health issues from skin Mira who must be Fighting poverty
will disappear in our lifetime. rash to spondylosis from their ma made known to the Economists like C.T.
One is the post office. I fondly keshift home offices. Patients have home trying present generation. Kurien are required to
remember cycling to the post found ingenious ways to show the af to catch the best School curriculums build the nation more
office near my home in Mangalore in fected parts of the body, shifting bet streaming signal. A complete clin should have lessons on strongly and wipe out
the 1980s to send wedding greetings ween the front and rear cameras. ical examination of a patient is im ILLUSTRATION:
such women leaders to poverty. (’Poverty has
to relatives and friends on behalf of These apps on smartphones have possible, with the doctor restricting J.A. PREMKUMAR inspire young minds. been the dominant
A clinical my parents. The code for the stan been helping patients seek advice tests to gross movements of limbs or manif M. Jeyaram theme in my writings’;
examination dard phrase “Best wishes for a long for their recent or chronic health is limited verbal or mechanical tasks. estation Aug.1) He is an avatar of
and a better and happy married life” was eight. sues. Some have used them to get re The physician can also miss out of a sub ■ How can anyone read Verghese Kurien,
The postmaster would send the mes fills for their longterm medications. signs vital to make a correct diagno conscious about the gifted athlete dedicating his life to the
rapport are
sage on a machine which worked si The government too has endorsed sis. To preclude this, a few radiolog psychological and leader Ila Mitra poor. The government
allowed by a without a heavy heart? must acknowledge and
lently without the dot and dash of these services, rightly so, to provide ical and blood tests, not all of them problem can be dis
visit to a Morse code. The last telegraphic online consultations to those infect necessary, may be ordered. covered over a clinic in Saddening that she was act on his ideas.
physician’s message was sent in July 2013. ed with the novel coronavirus and There is an appreciable increase terview. spurned by her party. Md. Yousuf Kamal
practice Among the other products on the on home quarantine. in the number of such online servic Though happy that doctors’ clin Abdul Salim Kooloth
list of things to be lost is the printed es and global investments for their ics are not on the list of soontobe Timely piece
book, which will give way to e Weak signal development. However, these can extinct services, I read the 10th arti ■ Ila Mitra’s was a Mini Krishnan’s article
books. In my late 40s, I find it diffi There are a few drawbacks to this never replace an inperson consulta cle on the list, cursive writing, with gripping story of (‘Decline of language’;
cult to use an ebook reader. The as service: poor Internet connectivity tion. A clinical examination and a interest. With online consultations, sacrifices and sufferings. Aug.1) was uncannily
similation of information from an can make it difficult for the patient better rapport are allowed by a visit illegible prescriptions, patient notes A woman with multiple timely for me. As an
online document is difficult for me, and the doctor to interact online, es to a physician’s practice. Some pa and signatures will become redun athletic skills, she could academic designer
though my children read, grasp and pecially while narrating symptoms tients will like to come back with the dant sooner than later. have brought laurels had working for an edutech
learn with enthusiasm, especially in or providing advice. Sometimes, medications to be instructed on how ........................................................................ not the war stopped the startup, I have always
the schoolfromhome mode. With a both are seen moving around the to take or apply them. An external sunilvf@gmail.com Olympics. The torture advocated contemporary
she was subjected to on reading that can engage
wrongful charges made children. Unfortunately,
for sad reading. general publishers only
A minimalistic lifestyle
Sanath Kumar T.S. want to promote books
that have some ‘practical
Vanity ■ Ila Mitra’s struggle and
journey will continue to
motivate young people
use’. I am of the firm
belief that the love of
stories is inherent in all
education It’s good for physical, spiritual and financial health
everywhere.
Reshel Fernandes
of us, especially in young
people, and it is an
artificial, completely
Nikita Chatterjee holds. The remaining is attri Terror angst profitdriven notion that
G. Sankaranarayanan
buted to the food service (244 One can only sympathise school curricula should
“I
n which school are your
R
ecently, I was at the million tonnes) and retail (118 and commiserate with chuck out all ‘literature’.
children studying?” grocery buying my million tonnes) sectors. The antiIndia terror groups, Kalyani Mookherji
It’s a question parents are monthly needs. Con average global household who are extremely
either happy to face or hope to cerned over the environ produces 74 kg of food waste disillusioned with the Pining for pine nuts
evade. It depends on whether they ment, I was trying to filter per capita annually. The aver Indian government’s Janaki Lenin’s article
send their children to a premium plasticfree products, but it age household in India dis snooping exercise on its (‘The nutcracker and the
school in town or not. I certainly was impossible as almost ev cards 50 kg of food a year. citizens. (‘Terrorists call pine’; July 25) reminded
have a problem with that question, ery product was wrapped in Further, fast fashion gener for inclusive snooping me of my childhood in
because I send my children “only” the material. Thus, though ates a lot of nonbiodegrada policy’; Aug. 1) These prePartition West
to a quasi government school, for desirous of living a sustaina ble waste, as polyester is used groups’ angst at not Punjab, when we used to
reasons best known to a middle ble life, I am unable to do so. widely in the fashion indus measuring up to the gorge on chilgoza. In
class family. The minimalistic way of try. I understand being fash ‘terrorism’ by protesting those days of open trade
I, of course, know good parenting life is often called the “basic ionable is indispensable to farmers, writers, and with Afghanistan
has little to do with affording life”. Mahatma Gandhi pro the millennials and Genera even a former Election through the Khyber Pass,
education for children at premium moted this method of living, Famous minimalists like ing stored over numerous ser tion Z, but we can promote Commissioner is Pathan vendors would go
schools of the world. Still my and the idea has spread far Joshua Fields Millburn and vers around the world. The sustainable fashion by encou understandable. It is door to door with sacks
spontaneous response to the query and wide. Ryan Nicodemus helped grow servers are stored in big data raging domestic brands and hoped that before these of chilgoza, pistachios,
carries a tinge of uneasiness, It calls for purposefully minimalism through docu centres, which consume hea clothes made out of sustaina terror groups decide almonds, and other
revealing my own disappointment changing lifestyles instead of mentaries, podcasts and na vy loads of power each day. ble fibre. on any nonviolent varieties of dry fruits.
with myself — as if I am Roger being driven by society’s pat tional tours. They include And electricity is still pro Another step for inculcat protest, the government The bazaars too were full
Federer and have lost a Wimbledon terns, and reducing con rules such as 90/90 in their duced by fossil fuels, leading ing a minimalistic living is to agrees to discuss Pegasus of fresh fruits like grapes,
final. sumption, assets and working teachings. Look at your pos to global carbon emissions. imbibe the advantages of mi in Parliament. pomegranates and plums
But there are moments of time. Individuals who adopt sessions. Pick an item, have So, the correlation is straight: nimalism within the educa Dr. George Jacob from the orchards of
consolation as when I realise how this way of thinking attempt you used that it in the past 90 emails cause greenhouse gas tion system and rewarding Chaman, Balkh, Bukhara
voiceless my friends who are to expand their indepen days? Or will you use it in the emissions. students who opt to care Sharp satire and Balochistan. It’s a
parents and patrons of a particular dence and improve their eat next 90? If not, then it’s okay According to the United more for the environment. Agony Akka’s satirical pity that chilgoza has
elite school in my town are. A recent ing routine. to it let go. Nations Environment Pro Thus, by small individual comments on our sports become a rare delicacy
example was The fewer belongings you Once in a lifetime, one gramme’s 2021 food waste in efforts, we can help achieve management threw up that only the affluent
about tuition have, the fewer concerns you should try to go minimalistic dex, the world produces 931 sustainable development some stark realities. can afford. So it’s
fees. There have. Thus, a minimalistic life for at least a month. The least million tonnes of food waste goals. (‘Mental marathon’; heartening to learn that
was a court is good for physical, spiritual we can do is to delete un every year, of which 569 ........................................................... Aug.1) Her selfstyled efforts are being made
order directing and financial health. wanted emails, which are be tonnes comes from house nikita24chatterjee@gmail.com Olympic motto, Pitius, to encourage its
the Deterus, Trollus, was the cultivation in Himachal
“management clincher. Pradesh and Kashmir.
schools” (as G.S.R.D. Prasad Madan Mohan Mathur
the privately
run schools
are known) to
collect only
The subtle tact in name dropping
about 75% of the usual annual
tuition fee, and that too in
It needs finesse in deployment, not sounding boastful and crass!
instalments, as the pandemic Jairam N. Menon into a conversation to an also revealed that you know spector well. He counters say
affected the household incomes. nounce that you have just met the star well enough to step ing that he knows the superin More on the Web
However, this school quite casually thehindu.com/opinion/open-page
S
ome men are born great. Amitabh Bachhan is the way over the Lakshman Rekha of tendent to which you could
increased the tuition fee and Others achieve great an amateur goes about it. It the surname. It’s a master respond by saying that you
demanded that it be paid in full. Pandemic and Proust
ness. And the rest of us sounds boastful, crass, and stroke, and your stock will are also on good terms with
My friends fretted and fumed and are free to drop their names. you are probably not going to rise to stratospheric heights. the DIG. This can spiral all the With most of us stuck at home, now will be an op
then paid the amount one by one, In a world in which where be believed. A seasoned name way to the top of the police portune time to read the thoughtful prose of Proust
falling in line. In my case, I was you stand depends on whom dropper, however, would try Demanding skill hierarchy, and get neither of Rahul Ahluwalia
asked to pay only the fee stipulated you know, name dropping is a different tack, gently easing Name dropping is a demand you anywhere. Far from im
by the government. I also had my our “upgrade” to first class. himself into an ongoing chat ing skill. It is sensible, for in pressing your audience, they The great divide
way when it came to saving my As a veteran name dropper to say: “Amitji said he enjoyed stance, to do your homework will be sniggering at the spec The digital gap is threatening the very basic struc
children from the socalled online myself, I must confess that if I my child’s watercolour.” (You and study profile pictures of tacle.
classes — the most awkward part of ture of society in these times of the pandemic
have got this far in life, there can substitute watercolours your “close friends”. Suppose Modern technology, for all Ashok Balakrishna
which was their insistence on a is a lot I owe to expertly lacing with nursery rhyme, dance or you are at a film club getto its benefits, has made life
WhatsApp account. my conversations with en lisped mimicry of a hawker’s gether, and wowing members more difficult. I can no longer
I could very well confront the Mask and the man
tries drawn from the who’s call …anything will do for, as by claiming that a leading Kol say for instance that I play golf
staff with the argument that their who of society. they say, the material kata filmmaker is a dear fami every Sunday morning at the The face cover hides the facial expressions and the
online classes did nothing more From the Page 3 types to is immaterial). ly friend. If said film private course of a tycoon. mood of a person
than extending the children’s screen sports stars and the cerebral “Who,” your lis maker also happens to Before I complete the sen Anand Raj
time. But I was in no mood to do celebrities, all of them are in teners ask, not be in the hall and dis tence, the local busybody will
that. I told them, in all politeness, my database. They have been sure if they can plays no sign of proffer proof that the tycoon Magic in the air
that I could not afford a my “Open Sesame” to closed believe their recognition, you does not play golf at all. There is nothing that elicits as much thrill and awe
smartphone. There the matter doors, given me the trappings ears. “Oh, Amitji will have a lot of If you are the type who be
ended. My take on the whole thing as a magic show
of respectability, and helped — Mr. Amitabh explaining to do. lieves in the sterling virtues of Shankar Gopalkrishnan
is about the balance of power me (ahem) jump queues for Bachhan,” you Also, as luck would hard work and perseverance,
between us, the parents, and them, everything from vaccines to explain. You have it, if you run you can plod your way to
the schools. Wherever there is such visas. have cleverly into another of your goals. Else, simply drop This page consists of reader submissions. Contributions of up to a
a thing, there are better chances of a length of 700 words may be e-mailed to openpage@thehindu.co.in.
But as we all know “up used your child’s your ilk, a fellow the right names and you will Please provide a postal address and a brief background of the writer.
fair deal. Impressive buildings, grades” don’t come easy. watercolours or name dropper at a be well on your way up. You The mail must certify that it is original writing, exclusive to this page.
legacy, and even great teachers, There is much more to effec whatever as a de party, don’t fall into will know you have arrived The Hindu views plagiarism as a serious offence. Given the large
how do they matter when schools volume of submissions, we regret that we are unable to acknowledge
tive name dropping than just coy and made the the temptation of when the name that people receipt or entertain queries about submissions. If a piece is not
take parents for granted? having a copious database. It namedrop seem al trying to match ace drop is your own. published for eight weeks please consider that it is not being used.
......................................................................... needs finesse in deployment. most incidental to the for ace. You say you ........................................................... The publication of a piece on this page is not to be considered an
sankar@sankarg.com For instance, crash landing main story. You have know the beat in jairam.menon@gmail.com endorsement by The Hindu of the views contained therein.
CM CH-X
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COVER STORY
THE HINDU Magazine
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native to the ecosystem at the planting
location.
Worse, the seeds or seedlings are not
sourced from local ecosystems or
appropriate seed zones, but randomly
sourced and trucked in from whichever
nursery or market happens to sell them.
Only a few tree planting programmes take
the required care to identify the correct
ECOLOGY natural ecosystem and vegetation and
bother to ethically source seeds or raise
green
Without people
In afforestation sites, State forest
departments and implementing agencies
also plant a pitifully small number of tree
species, usually less than 10, often as few
as two or three. One study found that
more than half of the 2,35,000 ha
afforested between 2015 and 2018 used
five or fewer species. To take just one
random example from 2015, to offset the
diversion of 103 ha of forest land for the
transArunachal highway, the State
planned compensatory afforestation in
310 ha of land in a village forest reserve.
Both the original forest and the village
reserve would have had hundreds of
The restoration of ecosystems — grassland, plant species, but the afforestation,
according to details published online,
desert, savanna, or rainforest — is more planted five unnamed species at a cost of
₹28 lakh.
important than blindly planting trees Tree planting programmes often fail to
consider the roles and rights of local
communities, enshrined in the landmark
T.R. Shankar Raman smothering tangles of weeds sprawled, Forest Rights Act (FRA) of 2006. The
now diverse trees over 50 feet tall stand CFRLA report found that of 52
E
arly monsoon clouds, grey as like columns. Some young trees are flush compensatory afforestation plantations in
elephant skin, span the skies with clusters of bright red leaves, others Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Odisha, all
over the hillock where we are sprout their first crops of fruit. The harsh were established on community forest
planting tree saplings. From chattering alarm call of a giant squirrel lands vested in the village gram sabhas by
500 saplings stacked in black sounds from the canopy where a troop of just inappropriate for Telangana, some from the montane grasslands of the the FRA, but all were carried out without
plastic sleeves, I select and heave two dark Nilgiri langurs munches its way are downright harmful. Yet, millions of Western Ghats to the alpine meadows of gram sabha permission. Even during the
over to nearby soil pits prepared to through the foliage — both species having seedlings are being planted and millions the Himalayas. ONEs span about 3,29,000 pandemic in 2020, States such as
receive them. returned to the site in the last few years of seed balls tossed around, unmindful of sq.km. or 15% of India’s land area, Chhattisgarh and Odisha continued such
These are not just any trees, I think, as as the rainforest reclaimed the land. whether the right species are being according to a recent study by ATREE, a afforestation on lands belonging to and
I slit open the covers, without disturbing planted or even whether trees should be Bengalurubased NGO, and maps by used by indigenous people, excluding
the roots. These are very particular trees. A million trees planted in that ecosystem at all. scientists M.D. Madhusudan, Abi Vanak, them by building fences and walls. Under
A korangupila or Cullenia exarillata Ecological restoration involves the careful Largescale recordbreaking tree and Abhijeet Kulkarni. rules framed by the present government
sapling and a wild nutmeg or Myristica planting of the right species in the right planting makes news, not forests. Which These open natural ecosystems, in August 2018, the requirement for gram
dactyloides, picked from the 120 tree places in the right mix and right manner. explains why politicians, bureaucrats, mislabelled ‘wastelands’, are ecosystems sabha consent has been done away with,
species in the stack, all native to this very Unfortunately, many largescale tree and celebrities throng these events, while in their own right, home to many violating local rights and compromising
place in the Anamalai Hills of the Western planting programmes carried out today botanists, ecologists, and indigenous specialised and endangered plants and traditional land use, such as for fodder
Ghats. A land of evergreens, a tropical ignore each of these vital criteria even as people are conspicuously absent. Besides animals. Two of India’s most endangered and grazing. Crucially, it also fails to
rainforest, a place the great hornbills, they make headlines for having used failing to monitor or nurture the large bird species — the great Indian bustard empower communities as agents of
liontailed macaques, and thousands of hundreds or thousands of volunteers to numbers planted, such tree planting can and Jerdon’s courser — are birds of open restoration.
other lifeforms call home. As if echoing plant lakhs or millions of saplings over cause more harm than good. drylands. When tree plantations, Meanwhile, destructive development
my thoughts, the loud bark of the hundreds of hectares, sometimes in a Across India, tree planting efforts including alien or introduced trees, projects are poised to destroy millions of
hornbill sounds from the mistbreathing single hour or day. suffer from five main problems: planting smother open grassland and scrub, native native trees in some of our best forests. A
rainforest patch in the distance, where a A case in point is Telangana’s Haritha trees in the wrong places, planting the plant and animal species decline and science college in Dehradun set to fell
15strong troop of macaques also lives. Haram programme that aims to plant 2.3 wrong species and species mix, planting disappear. over 25,000 trees, the Buxwaha diamond
It’s our 21st year attempting to billion tree seedlings in four years. The too few species, failing to consider seed Tree planting in ONEs can also affect mine in Bundelkhand set to hack over
ecologically restore the tropical programme also adopts the recent fad of provenance, and planting without local hydrology and reduce water 2.15 lakh trees, the KenBetwa
rainforest. The slope we are planting on lobbing seed balls (seeds embedded in considering the rights of local people. availability. Native grasses and dryland riverlinking project slated to destroy 23
Many lies open to the sky with only a few trees balls of soil) across the State, one district plants are adapted to use little water in lakh trees, the proposed transshipment
large-scale — a rainforest in tatters. Like other such vying for a record of 20 million. Rich deserts keeping with local rainfall patterns and terminal on Great Nicobar island that will
tree planting remnants in the landscape, it has had a Telangana has a diverse range of natural The most egregious harm comes when infiltration, while helping recharge kill untold millions in some of India’s
programmes long history of being logged, converted to ecosystems including grasslands, tree people plant trees in areas that do not groundwater. But tree plantations in such most extraordinary forests, and the list
plantations, abandoned, overrun by savannas, dry thorn forests, and naturally support many trees: open areas can increase water uptake and goes on and on. Efforts to protect these
carried out weeds, and suffering decades of neglect. deciduous forests, with hundreds of natural ecosystems (ONEs). India has a transpiration, depleting the water table. existing trees in our forests could do a lot
today ignore Today, our team, a dozen strong, is native plant species, from grasses and remarkable diversity of ONEs from the For these reasons, open natural more good than misguided tree planting.
every vital getting its hands dirty trying to bring back shrubs to trees. Yet, the official website of hot desert dunes of Jaisalmer to the cold ecosystems deserve protection, including
criterion even the forests that once graced the land. the project lists just a hundred tree desert steppes of Spiti and Ladakh; from from tree planting. The ATREE study A rainforest returns
as they make Some are pitting with crowbars, one species, including many invasive alien the thorn scrub and savanna woodlands estimates that about 6,452 sq. km. or half Back in the Anamalais, I mulled over our
scatters organic manure on the freshly species such as Prosopis juliflora of the Deccan Plateau to the ravines of the ONEs in Telangana could suffer from own smallscale tree planting for
headlines for
excavated moist soil. A few are removing (mesquite), acacia wattles, casuarina, and the Chambal; from the dry grasslands of inappropriate tree planting. Across India, rainforest restoration. Over two decades,
having used invasive weeds like lantana, carefully ornamental trees. These species are not Banni to the wet grasslands of Kaziranga; 51% of ONEs are similarly threatened. we had planted around 70,000 trees to
hundreds or retaining any native rainforest plant Tree planting in forests can go wrong, restore about 100 ha of highly degraded
thousands of growing alongside. Others distribute too, as best seen in India’s flawed rainforest, working hectare by hectare,
volunteers to saplings, or squat besides the pits In their habitat compensatory afforestation, where chasing neither targets nor records, but
plant lakhs or planting, mulching, and tagging the (Clockwise from plantations are established ostensibly to aiming to bring back a semblance of the
plants with biodegradable flagging tape left) A young compensate for forests destroyed for original rainforest ecosystem as best we
millions of for later monitoring. development projects. A November 2017 could. Three local plantation companies,
Bengal tiger at
saplings over Hours later, we visit one of our older report by Community Forest Parry Agro Industries, Tata Coffee, and
Ranthambore
hundreds of sites restored two decades earlier. Where National Park, Rights–Learning and Advocacy (CFRLA), Tea Estates India, had also stepped up to
hectares previously deforested open land and Rajasthan; a troop a group working on forest rights issues, protect over 1,075 ha of existing rainforest
of monkeys in a examined 2,479 compensatory patches within their tea and coffee
Kerala forest; and afforestation plantations in 10 States estates.
a sambar deer listed in the Government’s EGreen Watch Taken together, our work was an
crossing a jungle website, and found that 70% were on attempt to show that protecting
stream at forest lands instead of nonforest lands. remaining forests was the first priority
Jaldapara National This signifies a doubleloss: the original and tree planting could be done and done
Park, West forest is wiped clear for built well, when and where it was really
Bengal. GETTY
* infrastructure, while double the area in a needed. We hoped it would serve as a
IMAGES/ ISTOCK new ‘afforestation’ site is scoured by model of ecological restoration that
earthwork, trenches, and concrete would motivate others to plant
structures, only to introduce alien and ecosystems and not just trees. Ecological
inappropriate trees neither native to the restoration of the appropriate ecosystem
original destroyed forest nor to the — whether grassland, desert, savanna, or
ecosystem in the new location. In effect, rainforest — is preferable to blind tree
three times the area of some of India’s planting.
most remarkable forests are being For us, there was another salient
destroyed or disturbed at taxpayer reason to plant rainforest trees, year after
expense in the name of compensatory year, decade after decade. If all went well,
afforestation. one day, a few decades hence, from the
Planting the wrong species and nearby rainforest patch, descendants of
species mix is legion in tree planting the troop of macaques would comb the
programmes. The species planted are canopy of the Cullenia, and future
often alien, such as eucalyptus, mesquite, hornbills would whoosh onto the
senna, and wattles, or include naturalised Myristica to feed on the fruits of the very
species such as gulmohar or neem. Even trees we had planted.
where planters claim to use native ....................................................................................
species, they are generic native species The writer is a scientist with Nature
found widely elsewhere in India (such as Conservation Foundation and author of
amla, banyan, or jack) rather than those The Wild Heart of India.
CM CH-X
YK
04
Literary Review
CHENNAI THE HINDU Magazine *
*
GETTY IMAGES/ ISTOCK
LEATHER BOUND
E
asily the most beautiful set of
books I possess is the Persian to Urdu
translation of Rumi’s Masnavi. It is six vol
umes bound in blue leather, each with a
frontispiece. The back of each has a
photograph of Rumi’s tomb in Konya, Tur
key. The text is arranged in two columns,
with the Farsi text on top in large typeface
and the Urdu below it, smaller. The transla
tor Qazi Sajjad Husain has been credited, but
not the typesetter and designer — which is a
shame. The volumes are representative
of a time, now gone, when books were
DIASPORA FICTION objects representing more than just the
words they carried.
The beautiful Rumi’s work is a long narrative poem in
rhyming couplets, which is what a masnavi is, as
against a short love poem in rhyming, but unrelated
moments
This Booker longlisted novel throbs couplets, which make up a ghazal. Rumi’s Masnavi is
with the sense of alienation that is the most famous example of Sufi verse. Few have
read it in full (it has 50,000 lines) but many are fami
central to Sunjeev Sahota’s work liar with some of its couplets and certainly many
more have heard of Rumi.
Shuma Raha when she is married to one of three The China room, with its solitary, Heart of light
brothers. As ordained by their Mai, a barred window, a room which the Rumi was born in northern Af
T
owards the end of China formidable matriarch, all three young narrator too inhabits for a ghanistan, near Mazare
Room, the unnamed first brothers are married in a single cere while, is a metaphor for the same Sharif, in 1207. He was a
person narrator, an 18 mony on the same day. The three prison house, the same crushing so near contemporary of
yearold recovering drug new brides, who are forced to be ri cial aggression that both he and Me the great Indian writer
addict who has come gorously veiled in company, have no har face in their own time and place. of Farsi, Amir Khusro
down from his home in northern En idea which brother they have wed. (12531325). Rumi began
gland to stay at his family’s derelict They do their chores by day, and are Visual prose writing — or possibly dic
ancestral farm in rural Punjab, expe penned in the China room by night — Despite the author’s obvious effort tating — the poem in his 50s
riences a quiet epiphany. He realises so called because of the willowpat to draw a parallel between the two and the work shows this ma
that “life need not remain a wail of terned china plates it contains. On storylines, it is the tale of Mehar, told turity. Naipaul famously said
anger, that it can also be full of beau some nights they are told to go to in languid present tense, that is the that one could be a child prodigy in mathe
tiful moments that just seem to ar another room so their respective more vital and powerful one. Her matics, music, even art, but not in writing because it
rive with the birds.” It’s a moment of husbands can have sex with them. great grandson and his agonies pale requires experience rather than mere talent. The
existential clarity for the young man But the act takes place in the dark, before Mehar’s appetite for love and Masnavi demonstrates this.
who has lurched into adulthood and hurriedly. Its purpose is func life. Indeed, what draws the reader There is no real plot to the poem. It cannot be
China Room
dealing with the searing racism of tional — the birth of sons. The girls into the book is her romance and her compared to epics like the Mahabharata or the Iliad.
Sunjeev Sahota
his home town, and shooting him still don’t get to see the faces of their attempt to break free, as does the It is a collection of stories and parables, many from
Penguin Hamish
self up with heroin to dull the pain. husbands. author’s startlingly visual prose that the Quran and Bible, some from history and some
Hamilton
The novel, which has won a place But Mehar is desperate to find is at once lyrical and photographi from mythology.
₹599 *
GETTY IMAGES/ ISTOCK
in the Booker longlist, throbs with out which one of the brothers is cally precise in its descriptions. But despite the wide range of characters and nar
the sense of alienation that is central hers. She is, in fact, married to the China Room’s autobiographical ratives, it is immersive because of its mystical heart.
to Sunjeev Sahota’s work. The Brit eldest, Jeet, but she jumps to her foundation is never in doubt — Me It retains coherence because of its sentiment, not its
ish Asian author’s debut novel, Ours own conclusions and thinks her hus har’s story is based on the author’s storyline. And because of its disjointed form, one A Meeting by the River, a music album by
Are the Streets (2011), explored the band is Suraj, the youngest. One day, own family lore, and the novel ends can start reading it from anywhere. Ry Cooder and Vishwa Mohan Bhatt,
radicalisation of a British Muslim, out in the fields, she drops her veil with a picture of his great grand The opening line in my volumes in Urdu is: Ban inspired by a story in Rumi’s Masnavi, won
the child of immigrant parents, who before Suraj. And he, instead of cor mother cradling a baby Sahota in suri se sun kya bayaan karti hai (R.A. Nicholson, one the Grammy in 1994
has borne the brunt of racism and recting her mistake, proceeds to her lap. The book is loaded with oth of the greatest Rumi scholars, renders the line as
feels he doesn’t quite belong anywh make love to her. er autobiographical details, too, in ‘Hearken to this reed forlorn’). Immediately, a pic
ere. His second novel, the Booker cluding his experience of racism ture is created and a sound heard in the mind. This Alexander’s general Ptolemy had ruled it till his last
shortlisted The Year of the Runaways Yearning for freedom when he was a boy. It is as if Sahota is is the sort of immersion that the book offers. descendant, Cleopatra). The Sufis engaged with the
(2015), narrated the experiences of a The two strands of the novel — the harking back — to his own 18year It might be interesting to note here that a music Platonic idea of this world as illusory, a shadow of
group of illegal immigrants from traumatised boy from England old self, to his foremother in preIn album, A Meeting by the River, by guitarist Ry Cooder another, real world, through mysticism and poetry.
The two strands and mohan veena player Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, in Rumi has been translated for a long time and by
Asia. sweating out his drug habit in the dependence India — and seeing a
of the novel — China Room explores the same rundown farmhouse, and the story pattern of crisis and struggle, repeat spired by a story in Rumi’s Masnavi, won the Gram many Western scholars into English. The accusa
the traumatised themes of inbetweenness and the of Mehar and her forbidden love — ed again and again. Thus are the gen my in 1994. It is an outstanding album recorded tion against some Orientalists is that they have sec
boy sweating search for selffulfilment. However, unspool in their own tracks, but they erations connected to each other without rehearsal in a cathedral and reproduces the ularised and whitewashed Rumi, erasing from his
out his drug habit coloured as it is by the author’s own are also echoes of each other. Me perhaps — by the double helix of spirit of Rumi. writing all traces of Islam. As someone who can
memories of growing up brown in a har’s world is one of chilling misogy their traumas and triumphs. look at the text in multiple languages, this seems
in the rundown
white workingclass neighbourhood ny, one where young women have It is an appealing conceit, even World as an illusion true to me.
farmhouse, and in an English town, it is less political no rights, no voice, no space to even though the two narratives never Sufism is, of course, a fruit of the Platonic tree. It was Handling the books while writing this, I noticed
the story of Mehar and more deeply personal. be — other than as a workhorse and quite hang together. And though Me the conquest of Egypt by the a few old postits sticking out from a volume. About
and her forbidden an engine of reproduction. har’s tale ends abruptly, you know Arabs that introduced them to 15 years ago, I had spent a few months translating
love — unspool Penned in the China room Yet her liminal yearning for the that perhaps she too came to realise Greek philosophy, especially the text from Urdu to English. After reviewing my
Plaited with the story of the young freedom to live and love as she wants that life, no matter how excoriating neoPlatonism (the Egyptian output of some 100 pages, I stopped. I realised I
in their own
man set in 1999, is another tale — to, her desire to escape the harsh, at times, does throw up beautiful aristocracy was Greek because could not replicate the beauty of those lines.
tracks, but they that of Mehar Kaur, the narrator’s brutal world she is trapped in, are, in moments.
are also echoes great grandmother. In 1929, 15year essence, not unlike the experience ........................................................................
of each other old Mehar arrives at the same farm of her great grandson 70 years on. The writer is a journalist and author. Aakar Patel is a columnist and translator of Urdu and Gujarati nonfiction works.
I
n her introduction to this col tions and anguish of the Indian mid home.
lection, author Namita Gok dle class as it tried to come to terms • Fear or worry you need not Pradhan
hale aptly points to the “pas with shifting social mores and moral feel, when love, by marriage, is Roli Books
sionless neutrality” of these values. sealed. ₹395
“quietly told stories.” Iconic One of the prominent themes is There are other stories along si
Hindi fiction writer Mannu Bhandari the changing dynamics between the milar lines such as ‘Trishanku’, ‘The
tends to maintain a distance from sexes in light of the emergence of the Lonely One’, ‘Punishment’, ‘The
her characters, watching them pur working woman. Bhandari engages Tale of a Weak Girl’. Most of
suing their goals without being emo with these social themes without dis The translator Vidya Pradhan Bhandari’s
tionally involved with them. You will turbing the flow of the stories. What Lifelike A still from Rajnigandha. * SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT has succeeded in capturing the es
protagonists
never find her favourably disposed makes her stories extraordinary is sence of the original Hindi in most of
towards any particular character, all the ordinariness of the characters. story, ‘This is the Truth’, is translat current boyfriend. Bhandari depicts married boss. She hopes that one the stories. But in some of them, the are
of whom are described in the same None of them is larger than life but ed from Yehi Sach Hai, which was Deepa’s predicament skilfully, with day he’ll make their relationship offi literal translation of Hindi phrases middleclass
matteroffact tone. you fall in love with them. adapted by Basu Chatterjee into the out judging her, letting readers cial. At the end, she realises that fa and idioms is distracting, especially women, who
Bhandari is one of the doyens of film Rajnigandha starring Amol Pale reach their own conclusions. milial bonds approved by society are for readers like me who are familiar are strong,
the Nayi Kahani or New Story move Emotional dilemma kar and Vidya Sinha. way stronger than the intimate ro with the original. independent
ment, which included stalwarts like Most of Bhandari’s protagonists are The theme is the emotional di Insightful tips mantic relations forged between two ........................................................................
Nirmal Verma, Rajendra Yadav, Mo middleclass women, who are lemma of a working woman who va The eponymous story, ‘The Wise individuals. Here are her interesting The novelist, screenwriter and
and candid
han Rakesh, Kamleshwar and Bhish strong, independent and candid cillates between her feelings for her Woman’, is also a story of a working and insightful tips on liaisons with banker’s debut novel Patna Blues is about their
am Sahni, among others. This liter about their sexuality. The opening ex and her devotion to her caring woman who has an affair with her married men: being translated into 14 languages. sexuality
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In the dying days of the American Civil Mumbai Daily reporter Avantika This collection of short stories is on ₹499
War, newly freed brothers Landry and Pandit wants to cover crime. She varied topics such as an almost-human In this collection of 14 of Imayam’s
Prentiss find work on the farm of pisses off her boss but can’t help jamun tree, an enticing woman on a finest stories, the Tamil writer’s
George Walker, a man reeling from the snooping around when a bunch of mission, a family receiving news about preoccupation with the complexities
loss of his son in the war. A bond of mysterious texts hint at deadly, their inheritance, a journalist looking for of the caste system and patriarchy
trust blossoms between them. But it hidden crimes. Can she unearth the a scoop, a mother dealing with the come to the fore. His deep
isn’t long before the townspeople turn truth? Can she cross over to the death of her child, all of which open up humanism and fierce sense of justice
against such alliances. hallowed ground of crime reporting? vistas to understand life. shine through them all.
CM CH-X
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Literary Review
THE HINDU Magazine
05
*
CHENNAI
FOCUS
PROFILE
F
or most climbers and arm up a plan to sneak into Tibet and ex the Lhasa Government to leave Dar a climax with the Everest Reconnais
of Rajinikanth chair mountaineers, the plore the region around Everest. jeeling and search for Everest. Rely sance Expedition of 1921. As George
history of Everest begins This plan finally saw the light of day ing on the maps of Sarat Chandra Mallory had said, “It would be neces
with an Indian surveyor in 1921. Das, one of the Pundits, who had sary in the first place to find the
Ramya Kannan named Radhanath Sikdar Lord Curzon, who arrived in In been into Tibet in 1887 and 1891, mountain.”
rushing into the office of the Sur dia in 1899 as Viceroy, was instru Noel entered Tibet through the Cho The 1921 expedition did just that
G
rowing up in Tamil Nadu in the 1980s and ’90s veyor General of India around the mental in sending the Younghus ten Nyima La in north Sikkim but leaving Darjeeling on a wet May
meant growing up in a world that was polar 1850s, and announcing “Sir, band Mission to Lhasa. was unfortunately stopped by the morning, entering leechinfested
ised between Rajinikanth fandom and Kamal I have found the highest Curzon remained obsessed Dzongpen of Tinki and his men but and raindrenched Sikkim, crossing
Haasan fandom. There were just two roads mountain in the world!” with Tibet and was a part of not before Noel got a tantalising view the Jelep La into the cool dry air of
leading into the woods and you chose one, Craig Storti in his opening the Great Game between of Mount Everest around 40 miles the Chumbi valley in Tibet, and tra
swearing lifelong allegiance. chapter ‘Peak XV’ casts Britain and Russia. He was away. velling north and then west to
For the people of Tamil Nadu, who have always pre doubts on this story and at determined to reach Tibet Khamba Dzong, Tingri and finally up
ferred to split their loyalties between wellmatched binar tributes the discovery of the before the Russians did. In A quiet hero the Rongbuk valley. From this now
ies (MGRSivaji, JayalalithaaKarunanidhi, and later, Vijay Everest to Surveyor General 1904 Younghusband finally Alexander Kellas, the reticent Scot famous viewpoint, Mallory and Bul
Ajith) these two rising stars were perfectly poised to be Andrew Waugh jointly with entered Lhasa, but not be tish chemist, has always been over lock were the first westerners to see
split into two polar recipients of that adulation. And in this John Hennessey and Sikdar. fore the British troops had shadowed by the likes of Mallory, that huge uninterrupted view of the
State, it is a selffulfilling prophecy that stardom leads to In 1921, around 70 odd mowed down hapless Tibe Bruce and Norton, but Everest his north face of Everest. In Mallory’s
politics. The prophecy has played out years later, the British tans using machine gun fire torian Walt Unsworth wrote of Kellas words “The highest of the world’s
The Hunt for
in the case of these two stars as well. launched the first expedi at a spot called Guru, south that “in terms of [the] Himalayan ex great mountains... has to make but a
Mount Everest
Only, they found themselves trapped tion to find the route to the of Gyantse. perience he was the greatest of single gesture of its magnificence to
Craig Storti
in a postmodernist, dystopian ver mountain. But, the extraor From 1904 to 1913, Stor all.”He undertook eight Himalayan be lord of all.”
John Murray Press/
sion. Rajini’s final (?) withdrawal from dinary events which took ti chronicles the explora expeditions between 1907 and 1921 In the final chapter, Storti brings
Hachette
politics and Kamal Haasan’s rout in place in between remain lar tions of Cecil Rawling, John and made five first ascents of peaks to life the oft overlooked role of Oliv
₹699
the recent election is where this story gely unknown, other than Noel and Alexander Kellas, in north Sikkim including Pauhunri, er Wheeler, the map maker, who dis
rests now. That was not the script through some books on Tibet, the three of the most important players Kangchenjau and Chomiomo, assist covered the approach to the north
though. Great Game and early Himalayan ex in the early history of Everest. ed solely by sherpa porters. col of Everest, 7020 metres, through
Which is why news of a biography peditions. Rawling was sent by Younghus But the most fascinating part of the East Rongbuk Glacier which was
on Rajini was exciting. It’s not easy band to cross and map 800 miles of Kellas’s journey was his photographs the highest point reached by the ex
Rajinikanth —
writing the life history of a superstar, Audacious mission Tibet in 1905. Rawling and map mak from the Kharta and Kama valleys pedition.
A Life
and with this larger than life, reticent In his book, Storti brings it all togeth er Charles Ryder, of the Survey of In east of Everest in 1913 even though Immaculately researched and
superstar who has preferred to cloak er and conjures up a racy narrative dia, crossed a 5000metrepass, the there is no official record of his en presented, The Hunt for Mount Ever-
Vaasanthi
his life in mystique, filmy dialogues, with larger than life characters that Kura La, and were possibly the first tering Tibet. These photographs est, which was 40 years in the mak
Aleph Book
and smokemachine fog, it certainly tells this story starting with an auda Westerners to see Everest “towering were presented in a Royal Geograph ing, fills a valuable gap in the early
Company
could not have been a walk in the High calling cious mission to Lhasa in 1903 by Sir up thousands of feet, a glittering pin ical Society lecture by John Noel in history of Everest and is recom
₹699
park. He’s star, wannabe politician, The members of Francis Younghusband, which in nacle of snow... a giant amongst pyg 1919, which fired the British imagina mended reading for all Everest his
spiritualist — always more than one can chew. So, it was a the Everest fact unlocked the key for the British mies.” The expedition then dropped tion and set the ball rolling for the torians and aficionados.
bold move to attempt to chronicle this life, particularly Reconnaissance to claim Everest as their own moun down to the Tingri plains which first expedition to Everest. Charles ........................................................................
without access to key dramatis personae. Expedition tain. would later become the main route Bell, who was British India’s “defac The reviewer is an avid trekker and
The greatest strength of this book is possibly that it pro of 1921. In 1893, Younghusband and Char to the base of the mountain. to ambassador to Tibet”, managed author of Everest, Reflections on
vides the first elaborate cogent account of the early life of * WIKI COMMONS les Bruce were walking across the Captain John Noel, a gifted pho to convince the 13th Dalai Lama to the Solukhumbu.
Rajinikanth, beyond his ‘conductor’ days — a trope even
fans have looked past. Vaasanthi painstakingly puts to
gether tidbits, including what the star let slip in a mellow
mood on odd occasions over the years, to portray in detail
an early life that is a significant window to the personality.
She also creates structure from what could be a baggy
monster of material, leading us through his cinematic
journey, interspersed with the shadows thrown on it by
the key character’s spiritualism and the brush with polit
ics, and politicians.
Flip-flop account
It would not be fair to expect chronological sequencing in
a later life, especially one that is fraught with flipflops, but
one can’t help wondering if a more cogent account, with
an unabashed portrayal of Rajini as the central celestial fi
gure around which things spin, might have worked better.
Yes, it is true that the life of Rajinikanth is not just the
life of an individual, you need to tell the story of a pro
vince, its political, social and cultural spaces spanning sev
eral decades, with a galaxy of characters to boot and mul
tiple milestones. And yet no one will fault a writer who
grants Rajinikanth the celestial space that he anyway al
ready occupies, certainly not his fans.
The story, in classic rags to riches progression, is a
genre that is inspiring because of its content, and given in
this case, the meteoric rise of the maverick Shivaji Rao
Gaekwad into a superstar, no doubt it is a significant work
as profiles go. However, the book is wedged somewhere
between blind fans so trapped in a construct that obliter
ates reality, and political watchers most of whom have jus
tifiably been sceptical of the man’s actual entry into polit
ics, given his flipflops.
And, of course, if we were to allow Bollywood to deliv
er a punchline that is in the same league as Rajnikanth’s,
then: Picture Abhi Baaki Hai, dost! Indeed, there are furth
er chapters in this biopic.
SCIENCE
I
f you want to know the nitty tious plans, including the forthcom technology reach “the grassroots”. ble curriculumvitae to write on all three and a half years after it was in ing satellites. Besides, India’s first
gritty of India’s multidimen ing Gaganyaan mission to send Sarabhai, ISRO’s founder, made no these subjects. He was ISRO Chair augurated in 2007. It is a deemedto cosmonaut, Rakesh Sharma, flew to
sional space programme, and Indians to space. bones that selfreliance should be man (1994 – 2003) and earlier Direc be university set up by the Depart space in a Soviet spacecraft Soyuz
how it came to be selfreliant the “life current” of its missions. He tor, ISRO Satellite Centre, Bengalu ment of Space. He is now its Chan T11. A refrain that runs through the
and worldclass, the book you Inspired by Sarabhai founded the Physical Research Lab ru, renamed as U.R. Rao Satellite cellor. Kasturirangan says Suresh book is the manifold uses to which
ought to read is Space and Beyond, Through Kasturirangan’s words, Su oratory, Ahmedabad, which became Centre. He made a reputation by has an “awesome” knowledge of the images of India’s earth observa
Professional Voyage of K. Kasturiran- resh also highlights the dire need to the cradle of India’s space pro building India’s remotesensing sa launch vehicles. Suresh has format tion satellites have been put to, from
gan. Edited by B.N. Suresh whom sustain Earth’s resources for future gamme. tellites. He was a nominated Mem ted the book in a way that its 22 predicting droughts and cyclones to
Kasturirangan calls ‘engineer ex generations. The book offers solu As ISRO chairman, Kasturirangan ber of the Rajya Sabha and held a chapters are organically linked to disaster management. Today, India Space and
traordinaire’, the volume traces the tions — from embracing nuclear worked with five successive Prime host of other posts besides being one another and can also be read is a world leader in building earth Beyond,
Indian Space Research Organisa power to adopting the measures out Ministers, P.V. Narasimha Rao, A.B. chairman of the committee to draft separately. observation, communication, navi Professional
tion’s (ISRO) fascinating voyage lined by the highlevel working Vajpayee, H.D. Deve Gowda, I.K. the National Education Policy. gation and other satellites, and it Voyage of K.
which began by sending an import group’s report on the Western Ghats’ Gujral and Manmohan Singh. They The book has been superbly edit Cooperation with Russia could not have been possible with
Kasturirangan
ed Nike Apache rocket to the upper ecosystem. Kasturirangan gives fas were keen listeners, good observers ed by Dr. B.N. Suresh. As a builder of There is a chapter on India’s interna out the visionaries that helmed In
Edited by
atmosphere that weighed a few cinating insights into the extraordin and had sharp minds. He says Prime launch vehicles, he went on to be tional cooperation in space with the dia’s space programme from Sarab
B.N. Suresh
hundred kilogrammes, from Thum ary personalities of ISRO’s pioneers Minister Narendra Modi was keen on come the Director, Vikram Sarabhai then USSR (now Russia), the U.S. and hai to Kasturirangan.
Springer Nature
ba, Kerala, on November 21, 1963. such as Vikram Sarabhai, M.G.K. Me leveraging the remotesensing and Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvanan France. The USSR put into space In ........................................................................
€43.59
Cut to the 21st century, ISRO has non, Satish Dhawan, U.R. Rao and communication capabilities of In thapuram, ISRO’s nervecentre. La dia’s first three indigenously built The reviewer is an independent
launched its own 640tonne gigantic A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. They were clear dia’s satellites for Gujarat’s develop ter, he was Director of the Indian In earth observation satellites, Aryab journalist.
The Long Game City of Shadows: Slums and Informal Trans: When Ideology Meets Reality Right Between the Ears
Rush Doshi Work in Bangalore Helen Joyce Sandeep Dayal
Oxford University Press Supriya RoyChowdhury HarperCollins Penguin Random House
₹2,213 Cambridge University Press ₹398 ₹599
Drawing from primary sources, Doshi ₹678 In 10 years, laws, company policies, The power of cognitive brands, says
says China is playing a methodical Alongside rising inequality, urban school and university curricula, sport, Dayal, is not accidental; it is built by
game to replace America as a regional poverty has emerged as a matter of medical protocols, and the media have applying scientific advances in
and global hegemon. He traces the concern. In the backdrop of been reshaped to privilege psychology, behavioural economics,
basic evolution of Chinese strategy, Bangalore’s evolution into India's self-declared gender identity over social anthropology and cognitive
showing how it evolved in response Silicon Valley, the book presents biological sex. It is stifling inquiry into neuroscience. He provides a new lens
to changes in U.S. policy and its research spanning old slums and new the significance of our bodies, argues with which we can deconstruct a
position in the world order. migrant settlements. Joyce. brand’s success or failure.
CM CH-X
YK
06 WIDE ANGLE
CHENNAI THE HINDU Magazine *
Transformations (Clockwise from left) Two images from the series theatre groups in Kolkata are cur
The Green Room of the Goddess (2003) & Chapal Bhaduri in two rently performing plays based on
images from Performing the Goddess series (1999). NAVEEN KISHORE * Bhaduri’s life. The actor is now re
tired and lives in an oldage home in
the city.
Mutual layers
The second series, The Green Room
of the Goddess (2003), is an interest
ing visual accompaniment to the
photographs of Bhaduri transform
ing himself into Shitala Mata. Taken
in Kumartuli, a warren of tiny lanes
in north Kolkata, home and work
space for traditional artisans, pot
ters and artists, the photographs
trace the making of the idols of Kali
and Shiva.
Kishore says that when he first
photographed Bhaduri, there was a
point when the performer put on
the blouse and mentally and physi
cally transformed into a woman so
quickly that Kishore immediately felt
like a voyeur. That same impression
is reflected in the photographs of the
statues taking shape.
“The two series speak to each
SPOTLIGHT other in a forceful manner and add
mutual layers. We’ve juxtaposed
A veteran Jatra actor and a frenzied Kolkata at pujo time find strange parallels them together as if they’re in a con
versation,” says Mort Chatterjee, cu
in publisher Naveen Kishore’s first photography solo rator of the exhibition.
Chatterjee has interspersed
The mirror in
mostly colour stills with a few B&W
mood shots to showcase Kishore’s
theatre lighting prowess. The
transformed the documentary from blurred B&W photos pulse with the
the green room
an examination of the environment frenetic energy of the pujas while
of the Jatra and the loneliness of a the colour photos emulate the gaze
performer on the margins of society of a spectator watching performers
to a study of a unique individual and get ready before a show, almost as if
his life as a woman inside a male bo they are in the green room with
dy, his troubled sexuality, and dom them. There are garlands of hands
estic partnership with an older lover. covering waists, scattered pieces of
Ritika Kochhar ries that spotlights Chapal Bhaduri, When women actors returned to the unassembled sculptures, partially
one of the last female impersonators travelling theatre scene, Bhaduri Cinema and stage painted faces of the goddess, glimps
N
aveen Kishore is known in the Bengali Jatra tradition, and 11 went into oblivion, and by the late When it was telecast on Tara Bangla, es of naked private parts, disembo
primarily as a publisher. images from The Green Room of the 60s, the only role he could find was the documentary was an instant hit. died heads and workers and structu
He started the extraor Goddess, which looks at the creation that of Shitala Mata — the incarna Gayatri Sinha, art critic and curator, ral debris.
dinary Seagull Books in of idols for Kali Puja in Kolkata. tion of goddess Parvati who cures took Kishore’s photographs to her Kishore was working with Chat
Kolkata in 1982, fol pox and disease. This was usually a show in Canada and soon, Bhaduri terjee on a catalogue for a dedicated
lowed by the Seagull Foundation for Finding Shitala fourhour performance that took of Bhaduri getting ready to play Shi was invited to Delhi, Mumbai, Mon auction of K.G. Subramanyan’s
the Arts and the Seagull School of Performing the Goddess (1999) is the place on just 40 or 50 nights in a tala Mata, as well as to photograph treal and Vancouver to play Goddess works for Saffronart when Chatter
Publishing. Kishore’s also a theatre more famous collection. Kishore year. Bhaduri would make about ₹80 men performing similar female roles Shitala in solo performances. In jee decided to hold this exhibition.
lighting designer and occasional gal photographed Bhaduri while mak per night. from the Manipuri, Bengali, and 2010, Bhaduri narrated his life on Says Chatterjee, “In retrospect, this
lerist, although he likes to say that ing the documentary on him that is Kishore met Bhaduri in the 90s Punjabi folk theatre traditions. La camera when he starred in Bengali exhibition clearly has art historical
his biggest role is ‘building relation now part of the Smithsonian collec when he accompanied one of his ed ter, Bhaduri approached him at Kol film Arekti Premer Golpo, directed by importance. The photos seem very
ships’. And maybe because he’s tion. The film, which made a splash itors to interview Ketaki Datta, a kata Book Fair for a job. That’s when Kaushik Ganguly. Actordirector Ri contemporary. Yes, they are 20
spent a lifetime casting light on oth at the time, was picked up by the wellknown actor/ singer of Bengali Kishore decided to make a docu tuparno Ghosh played the role of a years old, but they speak to our pre
er people’s artistic endeavours, it Mumbai International Film Festival theatre and films. When a familiar mentary to tell Bhaduri’s story. The young Bhaduri. Two mainstream sent in a forceful manner.”
has taken him 20 years to hold his and Montreal International Docu face served him tea, he was shocked plan was to sell the film to a TV net ON SHOW: The Green Room: Na-
first solo as photographer. mentary Festival, and subsequently to realise that it was none other than work and generate funds for the vet veen Kishore; Chatterjee & Lal, Cola-
The exhibition, ‘The Green shown in Milan and Bologna at the the famous Jatra actor Bhaduri — eran actor. The photos emulate the gaze ba, Mumbai; till August 14, 2021.
Room’, currently on in Mumbai, Gay and Lesbian Film Festivals. now out of work and making ends The documentary also helped of a spectator watching ........................................................................
consists of photos from two different It also made a living legend of meet doing odd jobs. Bhaduri open up about his personal The writer is the author of the
series dating to 1999 and 2003. Bhaduri, who performed under the Kishore, who had grown up life — his first kiss at the age of 14, be
performers get ready before a
fantasy series Weapons of Kalki,
There are 21 photographs in all — 10 name Chapal Rani and was the high watching Bhaduri’s performances, ing queer, the longterm relationship show, almost as if they are in and an expert on South Asian art
from the Performing the Goddess se est paid Jatra ‘actress’ in the 1960s. decided to go back and take photos he was in. This comingout story the green room with them and culture.
season, for example, sees Dr. Weston
doubting the very fundamentals of
his practice. Similar sentiments have,
more recently, been expressed for co
medic effect in feelgood shows like
Apple’s Ted Lasso and NBC/Netflix’s
Brooklyn Nine-Nine.
call
Courageous depictions Soprano ( James Gandolfini). The So- lyn Nine-Nine (the eighth and last sea
In Treatment was and is an immersive pranos ushered in the era of antihe son of which will start later this
piece of storytelling with some fine roes to TV, and Tony Soprano’s thera month) we see a similarly sceptical
The
performances — Irrfan Khan in the py sessions with Dr. Jennifer Melfi protagonist, Jake Peralta (Andy Sam
third season, for example. It’s also a (Lorraine Bracco) were how the au berg). Episode 11, titled ‘The Thera
reminder of the fact that therapy, diences initially humanised an un pist’, sees Peralta repeatedly denying
whether in its individual or group sympathetic, frequently violent pro that he needs therapy, until he has a
avatars, has become a major theme in tagonist. Dr. Melfi helps Tony with his conversation (albeit at gunpoint) with
N
ot many shows return af The Sopranos (19992007), one of py is enabling him and his violence. Dear Zindagi at least asked the right
ter a decade and manage the turning points of American televi The scepticism about therapy it questions about mental health,
to recapture that old ur sion, took the lead in thoughtful, self is a formal feature, almost, of broadly speaking. However, the se
gency straight off the bat courageous depictions of therapy: these stories — In Treatment’s third cond season of The Family Man has
(David Lynch’s Twin arguably reversed those gains and set
Peaks is a notable exception). But the discourse back by a decade. The
The scepticism HBO’s In Treatment did just that over character of a counsellor (played by
the last couple of months with its the late Asif Basra) in this season has
about therapy fourth season, starring Uzo Aduba as been written so carelessly and insen
itself is a Dr. Brooke Taylor. Between 2008 and sitively that it beggars belief. Not only
formal feature, 2010, Gabriel Byrne played Dr. Paul is the counsellor incompetent and
almost, of Weston, a successful Baltimore psy generally clueless, he also appears to
these stories — chotherapist who tends to a variety be rather cavalier about the wellbe
of patients every season. ing of his clients. Given the preponde
In Treatment’s
Every episode covered one thera rance of mental health issues in the
third season, py session and every season juggles 2540 demographic in India, one sin
for example, the stories of 56 patients on an aver cerely hopes that Bollywood cleans
sees age, including of Paul himself who in up its act in this context soon.
Dr. Weston termittently engages his own former
mentor, Dr. Gina Toll (Dianne Wiest).
doubting
This same format is followed with a Aditya Mani Jha is a writer
the very slight tweak in the fourth season — in and journalist working
fundamentals stead of a therapist, Dr. Taylor has a on his first book of
of his practice sponsor (she was addicted to alcohol nonfiction.
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THE HINDU Magazine
*
I
live in a sylvan apartment
cultural themes in hosts is easy and punctuated with
complex in the heart of the mini tropical forest in her balcony
humorous banter, they do not shy and it overflows with orchids,
India and Pakistan — away from serious — and sometimes
city. Yesterday, our Residents’
cacti, creepers, ficus and two
Association president
from food to cinema to thorny — subjects. In an episode that Venus flytraps. In the small patch
announced that we should
explores how the two countries re that was left, she has now started a
celebrate Van Mahotsav this week,
comedy and romance late to the IsraeliPalestine conflict,
and pot different species of plants vegetable and herb section.
there are moments of reflection that Effectively, only bees and leopards
and trees in our houses and colony
verge on discomfort where the can feel at home there now.
pathways. While a great initiative,
T
he distance between two friends try to understand the deep 6. Shopping mall. The balcony is
places isn’t measured in histories of West Asia and its reso the problem is my balcony is
already overrun with 10 different also a good place from which to
kilometres, or by the nances with those of the have shouted transactions with
length of time it takes to subcontinent. kinds of plants (most of them
invasive), thanks to my husband watchman, neighbours and
get there, or even by the Even as we recognise that they vendors, which often involves
ease of travel by air or rail or road. may be speaking to a small audience who is a gardening enthusiast.
Getting there The potential for conversation is infinite. While I appreciate the greenery, I complicated manoeuvres of letting
It’s about the distance in our minds, of the converted, Sumeer and Umair down bags with money and pulling
the gulf that widens or narrows by are hopeful that there will be a rip have barely an inch of space there
to stand with my cup of up bags with bread or
the stories we tell about each other, them to talk to each other, shouldn’t drive there for a weekend — I drive to ple effect, and already have plans to bananas.
and in the red tape that one has to it be just as easy for the two cultures Goa all the time,” said Sumeer, work with this idea beyond the pod tea. How do I
dissuade my Given such
untangle to traverse it. to communicate? speaking to me on a Zoom call. “But cast. The associated ‘883 to Infinity varied use of this
For any Indian who has travelled And so was born 883 to Infinity, a even if I started driving I’d never get Art Project’ invites artists from both overenthusiastic
husband from spot, if your
abroad, and has met another South podcast launched in February this there!” And, he notes, the potential countries to “jam” on episode balcony has only
Asian, there’s often an immediate year, focusing on “content, culture for conversation is infinite. themes, and the first of these, ‘Train bringing more
alien species into 10 different
sense of fellowship, a knowledge and creativity” in a way that focuses to Pakistan’ illustrates the hosts’ first kinds of plants
that you can slip into shared cultural on the similarities and resonances Myriad influences trip to the other side of the border our house?
— Suffering right now, it
references. Yet, Pakistan and India between Indians and Pakistanis. The usual trope of IndiaPakistani on the Samjhauta Express.
Torture of means you have
are neighbours who love to hate Mumbai is 883 kilometres from Kara stories tends to be the cleavage of And even as states play politics
Ecofriendly Male too much vacant
each other — in popular media, in chi (closer than Delhi, which is 1947, and Sumeer is emphatic: “This that keep people apart, it’s hard to
space. You can
politics, and on the cricket ground. around 1120 kms. “Wouldn’t it be is not a partition podcast; we’ve deny affinities that are built on
Dear STEM, consider
convenient to just get into a car and opened up the canvas to look at a va shared vocabularies, foods, and a
I am a bit shocked subletting it to a
Teen talk riety of influences across both history that precedes the drawing of
that you think the leopard or
Sumeer Bajaj and Umair Kazi are 30 cultures.” a line on a map.
balcony is a place human being
something digital media profession Instead, the podcast looks at a
to stand and drink tea. Illustration: Satheesh Vellinezhi (after adding
als from opposite sides of the Indo In a series of three episodes broad range of cultural themes, from
Usha Raman, Every sensible washbasin). Or you
Pak border who met as teenagers dubbed ‘Veer Zara’, the hosts food to cinema to comedy and, of
Hyderabadbased writer urbanite knows that the balcony can allow your husband to follow
during a college conference. They course to romance. In a series of and academic, is a
speak with couples who have has a lot of important roles to play your Residents Association
quickly discovered how much they three episodes dubbed ‘Veer Zara’ neatnik fighting a losing
had in common, including their found love and negotiated the hosts speak with couples who
in modernday apartment living president’s advice and add more
battle with the clutter in
Sindhi heritage. If it was so easy for marriage across the border have found love and negotiated mar her head.
that have very little to do with plants.
drinking tea. I am now going to If you still insist on drinking tea
proceed to list a few such roles. there, then try to set up a machan
1. A place to dry clothes. Wearing between twothree of the largest
wet clothes can give you potted plants and perch there with
GOREN BRIDGE
pneumonia, so people usually your cuppa. You will have the
S
outh’ s sequence showed 22 suit was not a and king of hearts smart move. verging on an urbane rascal.
23 points, so North had to threat to his contract. to unblock the suit, 3. A place for washbasin. For Instead of focussing firmly on
raise despite his paltry va Accordingly, South won the then led the nine of some reason, Chennai architects keeping out external enemies and
lues. East won the opening second spade with his king. He diamonds and overtook it find it compulsory to add a supervising internal security, he is
spade lead with his ace and could bang down the ace and king of with dummy’s 10. East won with his washbasin in dining room. It is as if wasting time on environmental
returned the three. South reasoned diamonds, hoping for the queen to queen and shifted to a club. South after eating, one must wash hands affairs. At the very least, please
that the spades were probably split drop, but that was against the odds rose with his ace, crossed to dummy within stretching distance itself. As ensure that the plants he is
ting 52 as East would have returned and the contract would fail if the with a diamond to the eight, and a compromise solution, some flats planting in the colony pathways
a different spade had he started with queen did not drop. There would be cashed the queen of hearts. Three now put the washbasin in balcony. follow the orange, white and green
three. no entry to dummy’s queen of more diamond tricks gave him the 4. Room for children. One fan, colour scheme. With August 15
It was possible that East started hearts, which he would need if there nine tricks that he needed. Nicely one screen, one tablechair in the coming up, it’s the least he can do.
with four spades, but then the spade were only four diamond tricks. played! balcony and hey presto, the 2BHK — AA
becomes 3BHK. agony.akka@gmail.com
QUIZ On August 8, 1929, exactly 220 years after Pas
6 sarola, the LZ 127 began a legendary around
days, it landed safely in California. What vehicle
What has August 8 ever given us? was this which was named after a German count
who had started the company?
On August 8, 1960, this country declared inde
7 pendence from the French. Located on the
southern coast of West Africa, its capital is Ya
moussoukro, home to the world’s largest church.
Other than being the largest producer of cocoa, it
is best known as the birthplace of Didier Drogba.
Which country is this that’s named after an inten
sive (now illegal) trade, which made it rich and al
so which gives its football team its name ‘Les
Éléphants’?
On August 8, 1969, photographer Iain Macmil
8 lan asked four subjects to stand on the side of a
street just outside a studio in Westminster, Lon
don. He then asked them to cross the street, and
proceeded to take an iconic photo that became
the cover image of an album, one of the most in
stantly recognisable popculture posters; the loca
tion lent its name to the album. On what road was
this picture taken?
the largest in India at the time. He was an able ad
ministrator, an excellent general and a patron of
can one is used worldwide as a standard? 10 tion of one of humanity’s oldest and most
beloved pets. The idea was put together for the
N. Dakota (5)
12 The writer pulled back, tensed up, given
a cuddle (8)
table! (3-5,5)
8 They’d collared criminal without
pity (4-9)
the arts. Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Sanskrit On August 8, 1898, William and his brother first time in 2002 by the International Fund for
flourished under his rule. Which empire did he
head that was named after its capital city on the
4 John left some cooked wheat while they went
out on some work. On returning, they discovered
Animal Welfare to celebrate the most popular pet
on the Internet. What day is August 8 celebrated
14 In the altogether bald lie, he’s
preposterous (10)
15 Discussed obscure monster of
13 What may get you arms half akimbo,
sweaty and gasping at the end? (6,4)
16 Without walls round US prison, spy fi-
banks of the Tungabhadra? the wheat had gone stale. Not wanting to waste it, as which would have made the ancient Egyptians literature (4) nally escaping (4-4)
they pressed it through a roller, and instead of get very happy? 17 LanguageinPoetry:volumemissing (4) 18 Do foes struggle to secure end of Nicola
19 French dish: mash pear evenly, for thin Sturgeon, perhaps? (7)
On August 8, 1709, Bartolomeu de Gusmão, a ting a sheet they obtained flakes. They toasted
2 BrazilianPortuguese priest, demonstrated his
invention, which he called Passarola, in an au
these and served it to the patients at the sanitari
um where they both worked. This went on to be
...................................................................................................
A molecular biologist from Madurai, our
quizmaster enjoys trivia and music, and is
crinkled sheets (5,5)
21 Like Eric Clapton, narcoleptic? (8)
20 Run for seconds of baked goods in
celebrations (7)
23 Angel or shark? (5) 22 Heading off, intellectual given
dience before the king and queen of Portugal in come one of the most popular breakfast foods of working on a rock ballad called ‘Coffee is a Drink, 25 Children regularly rejected your pizza to falls? (5)
Lisbon. Bartolomeu had seen a soap bubble rising all time. What was their family name and what did Kaapi is an Emotion’. @bertyashley (old sausage) (7) 24 A little unpicturesque person of old (4)
in the hot air surrounding the flame of a candle, they invent? 26 Around wife, Everyman shall repeatedly
and was inspired to study the different densities of feud (3,4) Solution No. 3161
air. This led to his invention, which successfully On August 8, 1908, this gentleman, five years
took off inside the square, and after a few mi
nutes, descended when a flame was extinguished.
5 after making history with his brother at Kitty
Hawk in the U.S., did something in public for the
10. International Cat Day
9. Dream Team
27 With alcohol banned by trains, I’m
mixing cocktails (3,8)
Down
8. Abbey Road
What was Passarola the very first type of? first time at the racecourse at Le Mans, France. His 7. Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) 1 Beckoned eastwards, Lukashenko
brother joined and they repeated the feat in diffe 6. Graf Zeppelin (Blimp, airship) approved Russia’s ‘Union State’ primarily,
On August 8, 1786, the U.S. Congress unani rent cities across Europe. News of this spread like here? (7)
3
5. Wright Brothers, Wilbur and Orville
2 Norse god’s surrounded — Odin’s head —
4. Kellogs, Cornflakes
mously chose an entity as an essential unit for wildfire and cemented their name in history. Who 3. Dollar
the country. It resolved that the standard for gold were these brothers, who just before this event 2. An airship (hot-air balloon) finally, finally wanting boats (8)
and silver would be 11 parts fine and one part al stated that this honour was really a tribute to “an 1. Vijayanagara Empire 3 Ravenously eat up course (4)
4 Pay attention: ready money’s invested.
loy. Its name comes from an old German word idea that has always impassioned mankind”?
Answers
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BACK PAGE
THE HINDU Magazine
08 CHENNAI
* ILLUSTRATION: R. RAJESH
diaspora after 1947 or the age of L Certainly in the first instance, this
decolonisation more generally to be was a deeply personal story. My
able to pick up the book and gain a family migrated from Gujarat to
wide understanding from just a Kenya and then to the UK. I had
single volume written clearly and at known for many years the strange
60 MINUTES: WITH IAN PATEL a fast pace. The story of the British fact that the British had created an
imperial world is vast and in this entire law to keep out Kenyan
‘The transition to
sense relevant to anyone resident in Indians, and I wanted to know as
Nairobi or Kampala or Delhi. much as I could about this.
But as the research drew on, this
In going through the Acts and became a far larger story,
‘Commonwealth’
laws passed over the last implicating many more
century, I was struck by the communities, and an entire
similarities and echoes of the generation of British officials. As it
past in today’s laws regarding turned out, my family history was
end of empire
L It is said that Brexit tells us a lot directions from its central point, the
about modern British identity. Indian Ocean.
Rather than centring on a ‘nation’
or a ‘state’, British identity has What do we learn in the book
about the relationship between
T
he years after World War Britain? saw the British citizens in East that has chosen to forget its possessions. We’re told that Brexit citizenship despite the
II saw a huge wave of L It is intuitively obvious that the Africa in terms of race — the ‘white recent past, unlike, for example, is an expression of ‘national independence of former colonies.
■ Born and Germany. The colonial period,
raised in
migration from colonies end of the British empire Britons’ in Kenya should be helped sovereignty,’ but this wider history There followed many diplomatic
London and former colonies into (19471973), postwar migration to to ‘return’ to the U.K., but not the with its high intellectual points of the constitution of the attempts by British officials to foist
Britain. Londonbased Britain, and the question of race are ‘Asians’, despite both having the as well as the utter cruelty and Commonwealth, an extension of the British citizens and British
■ Ph.D. from the academic Ian Patel, who specialises all connected. In 1948, British same legal citizenship. ‘The exploitation, has vanished from empire, keeps British identity Protected Persons — in particular,
University of in historically grounded approaches lawmakers had granted citizenship European British have an obvious textbooks, and thus the Indian notionally nonnational. these were the Indians in East
Cambridge to human rights, justice, and (and rights of entry and residence in and definite connection [to the has been reduced to ‘the corner Africa — on Indira Gandhi’s
migration, says in his new book that Britain) to those born in British U.K.] that the Asians have not’… ‘in shop man,’ devoid of history. In If we take Standpoint theory as government for permanent
■ Currently
fellow in Britain’s stance on the immigration colonies and Commonwealth states practice, there is bound to be writing this book, who was your a starting point to enter your settlement in India. Gandhi’s
human rights of nonwhite people is one reason such as India. separate treatment for the British imagined audience? work, how much does your government took in thousands of
at the why it failed to carve for itself a But when these nonwhite and for the Asians,’ they wrote L I remember once reading a BBC
family’s history stand as Indians from Kenya, and later
Department of inspiration for this book?
postimperial identity. We’re Here people started to exercise their legal privately in now declassified article that declared that ‘Patels are Uganda, in the late 1960s and early
Sociology, Because You Were There: right of entry, British officials documents. traditionally linked with corner 1970s, despite the fact that most of
London School
of Economics
Immigration and the End of Empire deemed that ‘too many coloured The language of ‘connection’ shops’. If not untrue (at least for them held British nationality. The
draws on archival material to reveal persons were settling here’, and and ‘belonging’ was the preferred U.K.based Patels), it is hardly a Indian government chose not to
■ Research how racial anxieties actively shaped passed immigration laws (in 1962, euphemism used by British officials statement that brings the past to Foreign Office officials in 1967 publicise this, since it might look
interests the country’s postwar immigration 1968 and 1971) to block citizenship to split British citizenship along life. My greatest hope is that the saw the British citizens in East like a capitulation to Britain’s
include policies, with Britain drawing upon rights stipulated in their own racial lines. In 1973, the European book will provide an important Africa in terms of race — the attempt to forsake responsibility for
international
an imperial vision of the world to nationality law. My book discusses Court of Human Rights ruled that source of education on the end of ‘white Britons’ in Kenya should its own nationals.
politics,
intellectual
pass legislation that blocked entry in particular the immigration Britain’s Commonwealth the British empire and the Indian be helped to ‘return’ to the ........................................................................
history, global to certain immigrants, as a result legislation in 1968, which blocked Immigrants Act in 1968 was a form diaspora (among other diasporas) in The journalist, academic and writer
U.K., but not the ‘Asians’,
history, defining British citizenship itself over a hundred thousand Indians in of ‘discrimination based on race’. Britain. I wanted anyone interested teaches at SOAS, London, in the
race and along racial lines. Excerpts from an Kenya with British citizenship from in the fate of the British empire after despite both having the same Centre for Global Media and
immigration. interview: migrating to the U.K. amid Kenya’s One thing we know for certain if 1945, postwar migration, the Indian legal citizenship Communications.
BIG SCREEN
Uppercut
Karthik Raja Karuppusamy forces coauthor the arc of the
protagonist’s life. By
S
arpatta Parambarai (The accommodating broader social
Sarpatta Clan), touted as forces, Pa Ranjith masterfully
one of the most intense integrates his politics and
to the system
sports dramas to emerge aesthetics into his filmmaking.
from India, is Director Pa. This approach isn’t entirely new to
Ranjith’s fifth film. Sarpatta’s story Tamil cinema; Karunanidhi’s
has been brewing within him from masterpiece Parasakthi (1952)
the days of his debut film foregrounds such an approach,
Attakathi. Like the rest of Ranjith’s where the protagonist is pushed
oeuvre, Sarpatta is set within a Tamil Nadu’s defiant history and and pulled by the currents of his
conscious framework of times.
historicity, political contestations, emancipatory politics are woven into the
and ideological assertion. In the backdrop of Pa. Ranjith’s latest film Path to emancipation
opening credits, the film pays Sarpatta, too, is not a story only of
affectionate homage to the boxers Kabilan’s success, but reveals an
and coaches from Black Town in
In the ring Kabilan, the protagonist of Sarpatta Parambarai; and underbelly where for every
north Madras, and to the
(above) Rangan, the coach, makes a speech. Kabilan, thousands of others are
numerous contractors, pushed out by discrimination or
commentators, and workingclass leader,” he declares in the speech. Most importantly, Sarpatta is forced into criminality. By
audiences who contributed to the In another scene, a senior DMK not all praise for Dravidian exposing these structural
flourishing of the boxing culture member says it is their leader’s politics. While it shows Dalit faultlines, the film shows how
there in the 1970s. courage that has made possible participation in the Dravidian even an innately goodnatured
North Madras had a very rich the conduct of a boxing contest movement, it touches upon how man can be pushed into violence
heritage of boxing traditions even during the Emergency. the hierarchies of caste penetrate and crime.
initially inherited from the British, Sarpatta thus becomes a showcase into emancipatory politics as well. The beauty of Sarpatta is that it
later carried forward by dedicated for the resilience of the Dravidian When Rangan vathiyar (coach) provides a glimpse of Tamil
indigenous boxing clans. Ranjith, government against pressure from asks why only a handful of party political history in all its storied
through his meticulous scripting Delhi, with Tamil Nadu shown as members are present to greet him and complex richness. It begins
of that boxing culture, has ‘an island of democracy’ for seven when he is released from prison, with the fight against Emergency,
ingeniously brought the social months. In July 1975, Karunanidhi he is told that most of them have the participation of Dalits in the
history of those marginalised addressed a onelakhstrong gone to receive ‘Mudaliyar’, the Dravidian movement, and
communities into the limelight. audience, condemning Delhi’s last name indicating a highercaste Dravidian parties adjusting
The feuding among the boxing dictatorship. For such defiance, member. Rangan’s reaction themselves to the caste status quo,
clans of Black Town, both in and his government was dismissed on captures his disillusionment. It’s a and ends by showing the seed
out of the ring, constitutes the January 31, 1976. moment that underlines the planted for the emergence of
crux of Sarpatta’s story, but the complexly layered nature of autonomous Dalit politics, as
sporting rivalry unfolds against a Rich canvas casteism, which duplicates itself signaled by the blue robe donned
Several vivid political backdrop, depicting counternarrative, with party colours. In addition, framed While several Tamil films have even in a movement that vows to by Kabilan in the final bout.
the imposition of the 197577 leaders C.N. Annadurai and portraits of Periyar, Anna and used the tired trope of the corrupt fight against it. Moreover, the The legacy of the Dravidian
Tamil films
Emergency. The milieu of Black Muthuvel Karunanidhi writing Karunanidhi adorn the walls of his politician, only a few have aspired social decadence portrayed in the movement in deploying cinema to
have used Town in the 70s — home to the numerous screenplays that home and training centre. Possibly to a nuanced engagement with the film is made to subtly correspond advance an emancipatory brand of
the tired protagonist, Kabilan — is brilliantly attacked the inegalitarian status the most obvious symbolism is the political milieu. On that count, with the political ascendancy of politics is being taken forward by
trope of the reconstructed and becomes a quo and boosted the Dravidian rising sun printed on the robes of Sarpatta has shown that real MGR and his party. the cultural renaissance initiated
corrupt signifier for urban ghettos with ideal, even as M.G. Ramachandran the Sarpatta clan boxers in the political history can provide a rich In his debut film Attakathi, by Pa Ranjith. In the climax,
politician, predominantly Dalit population. (MGR) built up his screen persona initial bouts. canvas for an entertaining film. It Ranjith demonstrated his deft Kabilan’s clanmateturnedrival
In Tamil Nadu, politics and as the saviour of the poor and the Rangan makes a speech in a brings to life how the Emergency handling of complex social Raman tells him, “Your victory is
but only a cinema have a long and weak. public square, explaining the became both a heroic and tragic realities. In Tamil cinema, the undeniable.” We might say the
few have intertwined history. The Dravidian In Sarpatta, Rangan, the head Emergency and referring to ‘our moment for the DMK. The film’s imagery of the omnipotent hero, same for Pa Ranjith.
aspired to movement has used cinema to coach of the Sarpatta Parambarai leader’, obviously the then chief recounting of the dismissal of a who wins over all circumstances ......................................................................
a nuanced communicate its ideals from and a legendary boxer of his minister of Tamil Nadu, democratically elected State by sheer will and superhuman The writer is co-editor with
engagement inception. The Dravida Munnetra times, is shown as a member of Karunanidhi: “The prime government and the imposition of actions, has been pervasive. But in Kancha Ilaiah of The Shudras:
Kazhagam (DMK) employed drama the DMK, the ruling party of Tamil minister’s autocratic rule is President’s Rule gains significance Attakathi, the protagonist Vision for a New Path (Penguin,
with the
and cinema to break the Nadu in the 1970s. In the opening degrading the essence of at a time when the usage of navigates a world that does not 2021), and is pursuing his Ph.D. at
political hegemony of Congress shot, he wears a dhoti with democracy. Tamil Nadu is in safe ‘Union’ vs ‘Centre’ is being hotly bend as per his desires or the Centre for Political Studies,
milieu propaganda and build a redandblack trim, the DMK’s hands under the protection of our debated. ambitions. Rather, myriad social JNU, New Delhi.
CM CH-X
YK