Improvement Actions for Magnetic

Properties
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Parameters Affecting Magnetic Properties
3. Venus Comments and Conclusion
Introduction
• Product : Stainless Steel Bright Bar Grade 1.4418 Diameter
14.60 mm
• Reference Specification : MSP 24132667
• Magnetic Properties Requirements :Not specified in the
specification, Communicated through email
• Magnetic Properties Requirements As Per Email :
Introduction
• Customer Concerns
• Differences observed in the magnetic properties of Benchmark
sample and Venus Sample.
• Venus has to match the Magnetic Properties of Benchmark Samples.
Comparison of Magnetic Properties
Requirements of Br µmax Hc Jmax
Magnetic Properties 0.5-0.9 T 130 Min. 2300 A/m Max. 1.35-1.54 T
Magnetic properties
of Benchmark 0.736 T 339 1049 A/m -
Samples

Magnetic Properties
of Venus Sample-1 0.707 T 235 1550 A/m -
(Heat No-VY2471)

Magnetic Properties
of Venus Sample-2 0.825 T 346 1231 A/m 1.46 T
(Heat No.- VY05781)
Parameters Affecting Magnetic
Properties
• Magnetic Properties of the Steel Depends on the
Following Parameters
• Chemical Composition
• Heat Treatment
• Cold Reduction
• Chemical Composition
• Main alloying elements affecting Magnetic Properties are
• C
• Cr
• Ni
• Mo
Parameters Affecting Magnetic
Properties
• Chemical Composition
• Magnetic Saturation induction of martensitic stainless steel is
lowered with increasing amount of alloying elements.
• Cr influences most to this effect
• C influences (Raises ) the Coercitivity and Remanence
• High Ni content raises the coercitivity
• Raising the Ms (Martensite start Temperature) by alloying within
specification can increase the Permeability.
Parameters Affecting Magnetic
Properties
• Heat Treatment
• Hardening and Tempering has remarkable effect on magnetic
properties as phase transformation depends on the Hardening and
Tempering temperature which in-turn affects the magnetic
properties.
• Permeability is vary with the tempering temperature.
µmax.

Tempering
temperature
Venus Comments and Conclusion
Chemical Analysis

Venus Sample-1 Venus Sample-2

Benchmark Sample
(Heat No-VY2471) (Heat No.-VY05781)

Elements Wt.% Elements Wt.% Elements Wt.%

C 0.02 C 0.03 C 0.027

Mn 0.83 Mn 0.74 Mn 0.83

Si 0.34 Si 0.36 Si 0.39

P 0.02 P 0.03 P 0.033

S 0.008 S 0.007 S 0.009

Ni 4.71 Ni 5.13 Ni 4.7

Cr 15.15 Cr 15.35 Cr 15.28

Mo 1.012 Mo 0.82 Mo 0.86

N 0.06 N 0.04 N 0.05

Venus Comments and Conclusion

• There is the differences in the chemical composition of the

Benchmark sample , Venus Sample-1 and Venus Sample-2 and
this is the one of the reason for the observed difference in the
magnetic properties. As heat-treatment and cold reduction are
same.
• Venus Sample-2 is produced from the melt in which actions were
taken for the cleanliness and chemical composition also targeted
to benchmark sample.
• Venus have technical expertise and knowledge regarding
magnetic properties and can achieve the desired properties
within specification limit.
Venus Comments and Conclusion

• Venus will require more samples of Benchmark material from

different heats for study of magnetic properties and to decide the
target range of magnetic properties. This necessary it is a request
to match benchmark sample.
• It will be useful if it is possible to provide the technical reasons
for limiting each magnetic parameter and effect of those on
performance of product. The Hc, Br, µmax, Jmax are interrelated
will help to optimise the product.
• Narrow Range of magnetic properties requirements quite close
to benchmark samples magnetic properties can be achieved by
series of required lab trials.
Thank You