IE 3320 Chapter 4 Practice Problems Solutions Highlighted in Yellow

4-1 Suppose that f (x) = e− x for 0 < x. Determine the following:

(a) P(1< X)
(b) P(1< X < 2.5)
(c) P(X=3)
∞
P(1<X )=∫ e−x dx=(−e−x )|∞1 =e−1 =0 .3679
a) 1
2 .5
P(1<X <2 .5 )= ∫ e− x dx=(−e− x )|21 .5 =e−1 −e−2. 5 =0 . 2858
b) 1
3
P( X=3)=∫ e−x dx=0
c) 3

4-11. The probability density function of the length of a metal rod is f (x)= 2 for 2.3 < x < 2.8 meters. (a)
If the specifications for this process are from 2.25 to 2.75 meters, what proportion of rods fail to meet
the specifications? (b) Assume that the probability density function is f (x)= 2 for an interval of length

m
0.5 meters. Over what value should the density be centered to achieve the greatest proportion of rods

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within specifications?

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4-11. a) P(X < 2.25 or X > 2.75) = P(X < 2.25) + P(X > 2.75) because the two events are

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mutually exclusive. Then, P(X < 2.25) = 0 and
2.8

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∫ 2 dx=2(0 . 05)=0 .10
P(X > 2.75) = rs e 2. 75 .
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b) If the probability density function is centered at 2.55 meters, then f X ( x) 2 for
2.3 < x < 2.8 and all rods will meet specifications.
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4-17. Suppose that the cumulative distribution function of the random variable X is
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ed d

Determine the following: (a) P(X < 2.8) (b) P(X >1.5) (c) P(X<−2) (d) P(X>6) 4-18.
4-17. a) P(X<2.8) = P(X £ 2.8) because X is a continuous random variable.
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Then, P(X<2.8) =F(2.8)=0.2(2.8) = 0.56.

b) P( X >1 .5 )=1−P ( X≤1 .5 )=1−0 .2(1 .5 )=0. 7
P( X <−2 )=F X (−2)=0
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c)
d) P( X >6 )=1−F X (6)=0
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4-35. Suppose that f (x)= 0.25 for 0 < x < 4. Determine the mean and variance of X .
4
x2 4
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E( X )=∫ 0 . 25 xdx=0 .25 | =2

4-35. 0 2 0
4
2( x−2 )3 4 2 2 4
V ( X )=∫ 0 . 25( x−2) dx=0 .25 |= + =
0 3 0 3 3 3

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 IE 3320 Chapter 4 Practice Problems Solutions Highlighted in Yellow
4-63. Use Appendix Table III to determine the following probabilities for the standard normal random
variable Z :
4-63. a) P(Z<1.32) = 0.90658
b) P(Z<3.0) = 0.99865
c) P(Z>1.45) = 1 - 0.92647 = 0.07353
d) P(Z > -2.15) = p(Z < 2.15) = 0.98422
e) P(-2.34 < Z < 1.76) = P(Z<1.76) - P(Z > 2.34) = 0.95116

4-79. The speed of a file transfer from a server on campus to a personal computer at a student’s home on
a weekday evening is normally distributed with a mean of 60 kilobits per second and a standard
deviation of four kilobits per second. (a) What is the probability that the file will transfer at a speed of 70
kilobits per second or more? (b) What is the probability that the file will transfer at a speed of less than
58 kilobits per second? (c) If the file is one megabyte, what is the average time it will take to transfer the
file? (Assume eight bits per byte.)
70−60
4-79. a) P(X > 70) =
(
P Z>
4 ) =1−P (Z <2 .5 )=1−0. 99379=0 . 00621

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58−60

er as
(
P Z<
4 ) =P( Z<−0.5)=0 .308538

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b) P(X < 58) =

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1,000,000 bytes∗8 bits/byte=8, 000, 000 bits

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c)
8, 000 ,000 bits rs e
=133 .33 seconds
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60 ,000 bits/sec
4-99. There were 49.7 million people with some type of long-lasting condition or disability living in the
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United States in 2000. This represented 19.3 percent of the majority of civilians aged five and over
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(http://factfinder.census.gov). A sample of 1000 persons is selected at random. (a) Approximate the

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probability that more than 200 persons in the sample have a disability. (b) Approximate the probability
that between 180 and 300 people in the sample have a disability

4-99. Let X denote the number of people with a disability in the sample.
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X ~ Bin(1000, 0.193)
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X - 1000 0.193 X - 193

Z 
193(1 - 0.193) 12.4800 is approximately N(0,1).
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200.5 - 193
P( X  200) 1 - P( X £200) 1 - P( X £200  0.5) 1 - ( ) 1 - (0.6) 0.2743
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a) 12.48
(b)
299 .5−193 180 .5−193
P(180< X <300 )=P(181≤ X≤299 )=Φ ( 12. 48
−Φ ) (
12 . 48 )
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=Φ (8 .53 )−Φ (−1 . 00)=0 .8413

4-117. The time between calls to a plumbing supply busi- ness is exponentially distributed with a mean
time between calls of 15 minutes. (a) What is the probability that there are no calls within a 30-minute
interval? (b) What is the probability that at least one call arrives within a 10 minute interval? (c) What is

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 IE 3320 Chapter 4 Practice Problems Solutions Highlighted in Yellow
the probability that the first call arrives within 5 and 10 minutes after opening? (d) Determine the length
of an interval of time such that the probability of at least one call in the interval is 0.90.

1 1
λ= E ( X ) = 15
4-117. Let X denote the time until the first call. Then, X is exponential and calls/minute.
∞ x x ∞
− 15 −
P( X >30)=∫ 151 e dx=−e | =e−2 =0.1353
15

30 30
a)
b) The probability of at least one call in a 10-minute interval equals one minus the probability of zero calls
in a 10-minute interval and that is P(X > 10).
x
− 15 ∞ −2/ 3
P( X >10 )=−e | =e =0 .5134
10 .
Therefore, the answer is 1- 0.5134 = 0.4866. Alternatively, the requested probability is equal to P(X < 10)
= 0.4866.
− 15x 10 −1/ 3 −2/ 3
P(5< X <10 )=−e | =e −e =0 .2031
c) 5

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t x

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− 15 − x/ 15
P( X < x )=−e | =1−e =0. 90

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d) P(X < x) = 0.90 and 0 . Therefore, x = 34.54 minutes.

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156. Assume that the life of a roller bearing follows a Weibull distribution with parameters β = 2 and δ =

o.
rs e
10,000 hours. (a) Determine the probability that a bearing lasts at least 8000 hours. (b) Determine the
mean time until failure of a bearing. (c) If10bearingsareinuseandfailuresoccurindependently,what is the
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probability that all 10 bearings last at least 8000 hours?

4-156. Let X denote lifetime of a bearing. b=2 and d=10000 hours

o

2
(8000
10000 )
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− 2
P( X >8000 )=1−F X ( 8000)=e =e−0. 8 =0 .5273
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a)

b)
E( X )=10000 Γ (1+ 12 )=10000 Γ (1 .5 )
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¿ 10000(0 .5 ) Γ (0 .5 )=5000 √ π =8862 .3

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c) Let Y denote the number of bearings out of 10 that last at least 8000 hours. Then, Y is a
binomial random variable with n = 10 and p = 0.5273.
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P(Y =10)=( ¿ 1010 ) 0.527310 (1−0.5273)0=0.00166 .

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4-171. Suppose that X has a lognormal distribution with parameters θ = − 2 and ω2 = 9. Determine the
following: (a) P(500<X <1000 ) (b) Value for x such that P( X <x ) = 0.1 (c) mean and variance
for X
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4-171. a) X is a lognormal distribution with q=-2 and w2=9

P(500<X <1000 )=P(500<eW <1000 )=P( ln(500)<W <ln(1000))
ln(1000)+2 ln (500 )+2
=Φ
3 (
−Φ
3 ) (
=Φ (2. 97 )−Φ (2. 74 )=0 . 0016 )
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 IE 3320 Chapter 4 Practice Problems Solutions Highlighted in Yellow
ln( x )+2
b)
P( X < x )=P(eW ≤x )=P (W <ln( x ))=Φ ( 3 ) =0 .1

ln( x )+2
=−1 .28
3 x=e−1. 28( 3 )−2 =0 .0029
2
2 .5
μ=E ( X )=e θ+ω /2 =e
−2+9 /2
c) =e =12 .1825
2
2θ+ω 2 ω − 4+9 9 5 9
V ( X )=e (e −1 )=e ( e −1)=e ( e −1)=1, 202 , 455 .87

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aC s
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Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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