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Writing The Second Chapter: Review of Related Literature: Prepared By: Dr. Seyed Ali Fallahchay
Writing The Second Chapter: Review of Related Literature: Prepared By: Dr. Seyed Ali Fallahchay
Prepared by:
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Most popular sources of Review Related
of Literature
• Books
• Magazines
• Journals
• Experts
• Institutions
• Agencies
• Other published or unpublished researches written in the
same or similar fields of concentration
• Internet
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American Psychology Association (APA)
• APA is an author-date format of documentation written in varied
fields of specialization. It has been gaining wide patronage among
researchers with respect to practicality and convenience. The
following guidelines are being given in citing the works of other
individual:
• If the source was used before it was borrowed enclose only the
publication date in parenthesis at the beginning of the statement.
This is referred to as signal phrase.
Ex. Rodriguez (2013) reported that the use of music in instruction is
effective to classroom learning.
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• If the source was used after it was borrowed enclose both author
and publication date in parenthesis at the end of the statement. This
is referred to as a parenthetical citation.
Ex.
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3. To Cite Authors:
Example:
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• Three to Five Authors: For three to five authors, one can cite in
either of the following ways:
– Cite all the last names of these authors if referred to the first
time.
Example:
– Cite the last name of the first author, followed by et al. which
means “and other” in later citations.
• Six or More Authors: For six or more authors, cite the last name of
the name of the first author followed by “et al” whether in signal
phrases or parenthetical citations.
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• Corporate Authors: For corporate authors, spell out the
complete corporate name. include the abbreviation if there is
one.
Example:
Example:
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Evaluation Checklist
1. Have you gathered adequate
• Related literature?
• Related studies?
• Foreign sources
• Local sources