INPUT DATA

Rock Mass Quality Q 19.00

Joint Roughness Jr 7.50
Finished Dia of Tunnel 9.00 m
Thickness of Concrete Lining 0.30 m
Yield Strees of Material fy 250.00 N/m2
Spacing of ribs s 1.00 m

RIB SECTION GEOMETRY

Rib Section UC 152x152x30 (30 kg/m)
Depth of Section h 158 mm
Area of Cross Section A 3,826 mm2
Area Moment (Major Axis) Ixx 1,748 cm4
Area Moment (Minor Axis) Iyy 560.5 cm4
Thickness of Flange T 9.4 mm

CALCULATION OF PERMISSIBLE STRESSES

Radius of centre of rib R = 4.7/2 + 0.3 + 0.2/2 4.90
Max. length of rib (Arch Piece) PiR/2 7.70
Max. length of rib (Vertical Piece) 4.7/2 + 0.3 4.80
Lx 7.70
Ly 1.00
Radius of gyration (Major Axis) rx 67.60 mm
Radius of gyration (Minor Axis) ry 38.30 mm
Slenderness Ratio (Major Axis) Lx/rx 113.86
Slenderness Ratio (Minor Axis) Ly/ry 26.11
Slenderness Ratio (Adopted) 113.86
D/T 16.77
Permissible stress in axial compression
(Table 5.1 of IS-800) σac 150 N/mm2

Permissible stress in bending compression σbc 170 N/mm2

(Table 6.1B of IS-800)

CALCULATION OF ACTUAL STRESSES

Ultimate pressure from rock pu = 2 x Q-1/3/Jr 0.10 kg/cm2

Load on Ribs w = pu x s 0.10 kN/m
Maximum axial compression in Ribs C = 17 x w x R/16 52.03 kN
Corresponding Bending Moment M = 3 x w x R2/32 22.49 kN-m
Corresponding Stess (Axial) σc = C/A 13.60 N/mm2
Corresponding Stess (Bending) σb = 0.5 x M x h/Ixx 101.41 N/mm2

CHECK FOR COMBINED AXIAL FORCE & BENDING

0.69 <= 1.000 Hence Safe

 9.042 64.212398
64.179845

Hence Safe
INPUT DATA Q 20
Joint Roughness Jr 1.5
Finished Diameter of Tunnel 4.7 m
Thickness of Concrete Lining 0.3 m
Thickness of Shotcrete/SFRC 0.1 m
Diameter of Rock Bolt 25 mm
Yield Stress of Rock Bolt Material fy 500 N/mm

LENGHTH OF ROCK BOLTS

Maximum Width of Excvation B = 4.7 +2 x (0.3 + 0.1) 5.5 m
Excvation Support Ratio ESR 1.6
Required Length of Rock Bolts L = 1 + 0.15 x B/ESR 2.52 m

SPACING OF ROCK BOLTS

Effective Area of Rcok Bolts Arb = 80% x (0.25 x Pi x 393 mm2
Capacity per Rock Bolt prb = 0.55 x Fy x Arb 10799 kg
Ultimate Pressure from Rock pu = 2 x Q-1/3/Jr 0.492 kg/cm2
Required Spacing of Rock Bolts s = (prb/pu) 149 cm
INPUT DATA Qi = 5Q 100
Joint Roughness Jr 1.5
Finished Diameter of Tunnel 4.7 m
Thickness of Concrete Lining 0.3 m
Shear Strength of Plain Shorcrete qsc, ps 3 N/mm
Shear Strength of SFRC qsc, SFRC 5.5 N/mm

THICKNESS OF SHOTCRETE
Width of Opening B = 4.7 +2 x 0.3 5.3 m
Initial Pressure from Rock pi = 2 x Qi-1/3/Jr 0.287699 kg/cm2
Required Thickness of Shotcrete (Plain) t = 0.325 x pi x B/qsc,ps 16.52 mm
Required Thickness of Shotcrete (Plain) t = 0.325 x pi x B/qsc,SFRS 9.01 mm
INPUT DATA
Rock Mass Quality Q 1.78
Joint Roughness Jr 1.50
Finished Dia of Tunnel 4.70
Thickness of Concrete Lining 0.30
Yield Strees of Material fy 250.00
Spacing of ribs s 0.50

RIB SECTION GEOMETRY

Rib Section ISHB-200A
Depth of Section h 200
Area of Cross Section A 4,754
Area Moment (Major Axis) Ixx 3,746
Area Moment (Minor Axis) Iyy 981
Thickness of Flange T 9

CALCULATION OF PERMISSIBLE STRESSES

Radius of centre of rib R = 4.7/2 + 0.3 + 0.2/2 2.75
Max. length of rib (Arch Piece) PiR/2 4.32
Max. length of rib (Vertical Piece) 4.7/2 + 0.3 2.65
Lx 4.32
Ly 0.50
Radius of gyration (Major Axis) rx 87.10
Radius of gyration (Minor Axis) ry 45.10
Slenderness Ratio (Major Axis) Lx/rx 49.59
Slenderness Ratio (Minor Axis) Ly/ry 11.09
Slenderness Ratio (Adopted) 49.59
D/T 22.22
Permissible stress in axial compression
(Table 5.1 of IS-800) σac 139

Permissible stress in bending compression σbc 159

(Table 6.1B of IS-800)

CALCULATION OF ACTUAL STRESSES

Ultimate pressure from rock pu = 2 x Q-1/3/Jr 1.10

Load on Ribs w = pu x s 0.55
Maximum axial compression in Ribs C = 17 x w x R/16 160.73
Corresponding Bending Moment M = 3 x w x R2/32 39.00
Corresponding Stess (Axial) σc = C/A 33.81
Corresponding Stess (Bending) σb = 0.5 x M x h/Ixx 104.11

CHECK FOR COMBINED AXIAL FORCE & BENDING

0.90 <=
m
m
N/m2
m

(37.3 kg/m)
mm
mm2
cm4
cm4
mm

mm
mm

N/mm2

N/mm2

kg/cm2
kN/m
kN
kN-m
N/mm2
N/mm2

1.000 Hence Safe

 PROPERTIES AS PER IS 808-1989

Designatioweight perweight persectional Depth of Width of Thk of Thk of Moment of inetia

meter meter area section flange flange web
w w A h b tf tw' Ixx Iyy
kg KN cm2 mm mm mm mm cm4 cm4
ISMB100 8.9 0.087 11.4 100 50 7 4.7 183 12.9
ISMB125 13.3 0.130 17 125 70 8 5 445 38.5
ISMB150 15 0.147 19.1 150 75 8 5 718 46.8
ISMB175 19.6 0.192 25 175 85 9 5.8 1260 76.7
ISMB200 24.2 0.237 30.8 200 100 10 5.7 2120 137
ISMB225 31.1 0.305 39.7 225 110 11.8 6.5 3440 218
ISMB250 37.3 0.366 47.5 250 125 12.5 6.9 5130 335
ISMB300 46 0.451 58.6 300 140 13.1 7.7 8990 486
ISMB350 52.4 0.514 66.7 350 140 14.2 8.1 13600 538
ISMB400 61.5 0.603 78.4 400 140 16 8.9 20500 622
ISMB450 72.4 0.710 92.2 450 150 17.4 9.4 30400 834
ISMB500 86.9 0.852 111 500 180 17.2 10.2 45200 1370
ISMB550 104 1.020 132 550 190 19.3 11.2 64900 1830
ISMB600 123 1.207 156 600 210 20.3 12 91800 2650

ISMC75 7.14 0.070 9.1 75 40 7.5 4.8 78.5 12.9

ISMC100 9.56 0.094 12.2 100 50 7.7 5 192 26.7
ISMC125 13.1 0.129 16.7 125 65 8.2 5.3 425 61.1
ISMC150 16.8 0.165 21.3 150 75 9 5.7 788 103
ISMC175 19.6 0.192 24.9 175 75 10.2 6 1240 122
ISMC200 22.3 0.219 28.5 200 75 11.4 6.2 1830 141
ISMC225 26.1 0.256 33.3 225 80 12.4 6.5 2710 188
ISMC250 30.6 0.300 39 250 80 14.1 7.2 3880 211
ISMC300 36.3 0.356 46.3 300 90 13.6 7.8 6420 313
ISMC350 42.7 0.419 54.4 350 100 13.5 8.3 10000 434
ISMC400 50.1 0.491 63.8 400 100 15.3 8.8 15200 508
L/ry D/T
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30
40 161 161 160 160 160 160 160 159 159
45 161 160 159 159 158 158 158 157 157
50 160 158 158 157 156 156 156 155 155
55 159 157 156 155 154 154 153 153 152
60 158 156 154 153 152 152 151 150 149
65 156 154 153 151 150 149 148 147 146
70 155 153 151 149 149 147 146 144 143
75 154 152 149 147 146 144 143 141 140
80 153 150 148 145 143 142 140 138 136
85 152 149 146 143 141 139 138 135 133
90 151 147 144 141 138 137 135 131 129
95 150 146 142 139 137 134 132 128 126
100 149 145 141 137 134 132 129 125 122
110 147 142 137 133 130 127 124 119 115
120 144 139 134 129 126 122 119 113 109
130 142 136 131 126 121 118 114 108 103
140 140 133 128 122 118 113 110 103 97
150 138 131 124 119 114 109 105 98 92
160 136 128 121 115 110 106 101 93 87
170 134 126 119 112 107 102 98 89 83
180 131 123 116 109 104 99 94 85 79
190 129 121 113 106 101 95 91 82 75
200 127 118 111 104 98 92 88 79 72
210 125 116 108 101 95 90 85 76 69
220 123 114 106 99 92 87 82 73 66
230 122 112 103 96 90 84 80 70 63
240 120 110 101 94 87 82 77 68 61
250 118 108 99 92 85 80 75 65 59
260 116 106 97 89 83 77 73 63 57
270 114 104 95 87 81 75 71 61 55
280 113 102 93 85 79 73 69 59 53
290 111 100 91 84 77 72 67 58 51
300 109 98 89 82 75 70 65 56 49
Radii of gyration Moduli of section

rxx ryy Zxx Zyy

cm cm cm3 cm3
4 1.05 36.6 5.16
5.16 1.51 71.2 11
6.13 1.57 95.7 12.5
7.13 1.76 144 18
8.29 2.11 212 27.4
9.31 2.34 306 9.7
10.4 2.65 410 53.5
12.4 2.86 599 69.5
14.3 2.84 779 76.8
16.2 2.82 1020 88.9
18.2 3.01 1350 111
20.2 3.52 1810 152
22.2 3.73 2360 193
24.2 4.12 3060 252

2.94 1.19 20.9 4.81

3.97 1.48 33.5 7.71
5.05 1.91 68.1 13.4
6.08 2.2 105 19.5
7.04 2.21 141 23
8.02 2.22 181 26.4
9.02 2.37 241 33
9.92 2.37 307 38.5
11.8 2.6 428 47.1
13.6 2.82 576 57.3
15.4 2.82 760 67
35 40 50 60 80 100
159 159 159 159 159 159
57 157 157 157 157 157
155 154 154 154 154 154
152 152 151 151 151 151
149 149 148 148 148 148
146 145 145 144 144 144
142 142 141 141 141 140
139 138 137 137 137 136
135 134 133 132 132 132
131 130 129 128 128 127
127 126 125 124 124 123
124 122 121 120 120 118
120 118 116 115 115 113
113 111 108 107 107 105
106 104 101 99 99 96
99 97 94 91 91 88
94 91 87 85 85 81
88 85 81 78 78 74
83 80 75 73 73 68
79 75 70 68 68 63
74 71 66 63 63 58
71 67 62 59 59 54
67 63 58 55 55 50
64 60 55 52 52 46
61 57 52 49 49 43
58 55 49 46 46 40
56 52 47 43 43 38
54 50 44 41 41 35
52 48 42 39 39 33
50 46 41 37 37 31
48 44 39 35 35 30
46 42 37 34 34 28
45 41 36 32 32 27
A] DESIGN DATA : y
Axial load in the beam, P = 4000.000 kN
Shear force in x-x direction = Vx = 0.000 kN
Shear force in y-y direction = Vy = 0.000 kN x
Moment about x-x axis, Mx = 0.000 kNm
Moment about y-y axis, My = 0.000 kNm
Unsupported length of column about x-x axis = Lx = 4.800 m
Unsupported length of column about y-y axis = Ly = 4.800 m
Effective length factor for comp. buckling about x-x = Kx = 1.200 (As per Table 5.2 of IS:800)
Effective length factor for comp. buckling about y-y = Ky = 1.200 (As per Table 5.2 of IS:800)
Yield Stress of the steel, fy = 250 N/mm2 My
Effective length about x-x axis = Lex = Lx . Kx = 5.760 m y
Effective length about y-y axis = Ley = Ly . Ky = 5.760 m
P TRIAL SECTION :
Initially assuming s bc as 0.66 fy and
s ac as 0.60 fy
We have, s bc = 165
and s ac = 150
Minimum area, A
= P / s ac
Height = 4.800 m = 4000x1000/(150x100)
= 266.667 cm2
Minimum section modulus, Zxx
= Mx / s bc
= 0x10^6/(165x10^3)
B] SECTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BEAM as per IS 808 (1989) : = 0.000 cm3
Beam section = ISMB600 Select the section
Depth of column section, D = 600 mm whose Area is
Breadth of flange, Bf = 210 mm greater than
Thickness of web, tw = 12 mm ### cm2
Thickness of flange, T = 20.3 mm section modulus is
Moment of inertia about major axis, Ixx = 91800 cm4 greater than
Moment of inertia about minor axis, Iyy = 2650 cm 4
0.0 cm3
Area of section, A = 156.0 cm2
Modulus of section( about major axis ), Zxx = 3060.0 cm3
Modulus of section( about minor axis ), Zyy = 252.0 cm3
Radius of gyration about y-y, ry = 41.2 mm
Radius of gyration about x-x, rx = 242.0 mm
Slenderness Ratio about y-y = ly = Ley / ry = 5760 / 41.2 = 139.81
Slenderness Ratio about x-x = lx = Lex / rx = 5760 / 242 = 23.80
Maximum Slenderness Ratio = l max = 139.81 <= 180.0 Hence Safe
C] CALCULATION OF PERMISSIBLE AXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRESS :
From IS 800 , Table 5.1.1 page 38
s ac per. = 0.6 x fcc x fy
[ ( fcc)n + ( fy )n ]1/n where n = 1.4

fcc = 3.14^2 x E / (lmax)^2 = 100.888 N/mm2

s ac per. = 0.6*(100.89*250)/(((100.89^1.4)+(250^1.4))^(1/1.4)) = 50.730 N/mm2

D] CALCULATION OF ACTUAL AXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRESS :

Actual Compressive stress , sac cal = P/A = 4000000/15600 = 256.410 N/mm2

E] CHECK FOR AXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRESS RATIO :

Ratio, sac cal / sac per. = 5.054
( From IS 800 , Cl - 7.1 page 90 )
F] CALCULATION OF PERMISSIBLE BENDING STRESS ABOUT MAJOR AXIS :
D/T = 600 / (20.3) = 29.56

T/tw = ( 20.3 ) / 12 = 1.69 d1/tw = (600-2x20.3) / 12 = 46.617

ly = 139.81
( From IS 800, Table 6.1B )
For l= 130 & D/T = 25 s bc = 108 N/sq.mm
For l= 130 & D/T = 30 s bc = 103 N/sq.mm
For l= 140 & D/T = 25 s bc = 103 N/sq.mm
For l= 140 & D/T = 30 s bc = 103 N/sq.mm

Interpolating the above values for the available ly = 139.81 and D/T = 29.56

For ly = 139.81 & D/T = 25

s bc = 108 - (108 - 103)x(139.81 - 130)/(140-130) = 103.097

For ly = 139.81 & D/T = 30

s bc = 103 - (103 - 103)x(139.81 - 130)/(140-130) = 103.000
 For ly = 139.81 & D/T = 29.56
s bc 103.1 - (103.1 - 103)x(29.56 - 25)/(30-25) = 103.009

Permissible bending stress about x-x axis = s bcx per. = 103.009 N/mm2

Cmx = 0.85 ( From IS 800 , Cl - 7.1.3 page 91 )

For ly = 139.81

fccx = 3.14^2 x E / (ly)^2 = 100.888 N/mm2

s bcx modified = [ 1 - ( s ac cal. / ( 0.6* fccx ) ) ] * s bcx, per.
= [ 1 - ( 256.42 / [ 0.6 * 100.89 ] ) ] * 103.01 = -333.325

G] CALCULATION OF ACTUAL BENDING STRESS ABOUT MAJOR AXIS:

Actual bending stress, s bcx cal = Mx/ Zxx = 0 / 3060 = 0.000

H] PERMISSIBLE BENDING STRESS ABOUT MINOR AXIS: (From IS 800,Cl-6.2.5 page 68)
Allowable bending stress, s bcy per. = 165.00 N/mm2

Cmy = 0.85 ( From IS 800 , Cl - 7.1.3 page 91 )

For lx = 23.80

fccy = 3.14^2 x E / (lx)^2 = 3480.768 N/mm2

s bcy modified = [ 1 - ( s ac cal. / ( 0.6* fccy ) ) ] * s bcy, per.
= [ 1 - ( 256.42 / [ 0.6 * 3480.77 ] ) ] * 165 = 144.742

I] CALCULATION OF ACTUAL BENDING STRESS ABOUT MINOR AXIS:

Actual bending stress, s bcy cal = My / Zyy = 0 / 252 = 0.000

J] COMBINATION OF STRESSES:
As per Clause 7.1.1 of IS:800,
When (sac, cal. / sac, per.) > 0.15
(sac, cal. / sac, per.) + (Cmx . sbcx, cal. / sbcx, modified) + (Cmy . sbcy, cal. / sbcy, modified) <= 1.0 . . . Equation I
 However When (sac, cal. / sac, per.) <= 0.15
(sac, cal. / sac, per.) + (sbcx, cal. / sbcx, per.) + (sbcy, cal. / sbcy, per.) <= 1.0 . . . Equation II

As per step E above, sac cal / sac per. = 5.054 > 0.15
Hence Equation I will govern
We have
Combined Stress Ratio = 5.054 + (0.85 x 0 / -333.325 ) + (0.85 x 0 / 144.742)

= 5.054 > 1.000 Hence Unsafe

K] CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS:
Resultant shear force = V = Sqrt ( V x2 + Vy2) = Sqrt (0^2 + 0^2) = 0.000 kN

Actual Shear Stress = V / (D . tw) = 0 x 1000 / (600 x 12 ) = 0.000 N/mm2

Permissible Shear Stress = 0.4 fy = 100.00 N/mm 2
> 0.00 N/mm2
Hence Safe
1

Member ISMB600 is Unsafe for the given loading and end conditions
 STD-6102-A03
Mx

e 5.2 of IS:800)
e 5.2 of IS:800)

as 0.66 fy and

N/mm2
N/mm2

elect the section

hose Area is

and
ection modulus is
 STD-6102-A03

N/mm2

N/mm2

.1 page 90 )

29.56

N/mm2

N/mm2
N/mm2

STD-6102-A03

N/mm2

N/mm2

N/mm2

N/mm2
N/mm2
100
110

130
140
160
170
Designation

ISMB100
ISMB125
ISMB150
ISMB175
ISMB200
ISMB225
ISMB250
ISMB300
ISMB350
ISMB400
ISMB450
ISMB500
ISMB550
ISMB600

ISMC75
ISMC100
ISMC125
ISMC150
ISMC175
ISMC200
ISMC225
ISMC250
ISMC350
ISMC400
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