Rocks

Igneous Rock

lava are major sources of igneous rocks. (Mayon volcano in the Philippines, erupting in 2009)

Natural columns of igneous rock separated from each other by columnar joints, in Madeira
Formation of igneous rock
Sample of basalt (an extrusive igneous rock), found in Massachusetts

Close-up of granite (an intrusive igneous rock) exposed in Chennai, India

 Sedimentary Rock

Middle Triassic marginal marine sequence of siltstones (reddish layers at the cliff base) and limestones
(brown rocks above), Virgin Formation, southwestern Utah, US

(Ayers Rock) is a large sandstone formation in Northern Territory, Australia.

Claystone Deposited in Glacial Lake Missoula, Montana, United States. Note the very fine and
flat bedding, common for deposits coming from lake beds further away from the source of
sediment.

carved out of the surrounding sandstone by both mechanical weathering and chemical
weathering. Wind, sand, and water from flash flooding are the primary weathering agents.
A metamorphic rock, deformed during the Variscan orogeny, at Vall de Cardós, Lérida, Spain

Metamorphic rock containing staurolite and almandine garnet

Folded foliation in a metamorphic rock from near Geirangerfjord, Norway

Rock Cycle