LUCKNOW PUBLIC SCHOOL

(A C.P. Singh Foundation)

Class – VII
Subject- Science
Chapter – 5
Acids, Bases, and Salts

Q1-State differences between acids and bases ?

Ans. Differences between acids and bases :

S.No Acids Bases

.

1. Acids are sour in taste. Bases are bitter in taste.

2. Acids turn blue litmus paper The base does not change the colour
into red colour. of blue litmus paper.

3. Acids does not change the Bases turn red litmus paper to blue
colour of the red litmus paper. colour.

4. Acids do not change the colour Bases turn turmeric to red.

turmeric.

Q2- Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained. What is the use
of this solution ?
Ans- Litmus solution is extracted from lichens. Litmus solution is used as an indicator
to find acidic and basic nature of a solution.

Q3- Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral ? How would you verify it ?

Ans- Distilled water is neutral in nature, and this can be tested by using red and
blue litmus paper. In either of the cases, colour remains unchanged.

Q4- Describe the process of neutralisation with the help of an example.

Ans- Neutralisation is a reaction between an acid and a base. Here both acids and
bases get neutralized. Salt and water are produced in this process with the
evolution of heat.
For example, when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to hydrochloric acid
(Hcl), Sodium Chloride (Na cl)and water (H2O) are obtained.
NaoH +Hcl ---> Na cl + H2O + Heat

Q5- Dorji has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant. But unfortunately
these are not labelled. He has to serve the drinks on the demand of
customers one customer wants acidic drink, another wants basic and
third on wants neutral drink. How will Dorji decide which drink is to be
served to whom?
Ans. Dorji can taste a few drops out of soft drink bottles, acidic solution is sour in
taste, basic solution is bitter in taste, and the neutral solution has no taste.
Along with tasting, Dorji can use litmus paper to test the nature of soft drink. He
should use blue litmus paper to test the acidic solution. Dorji has to put a drop
of solution on blue litmus. If it turns red then the solution will be acidic in nature
similarly, he can use red litmus paper to test the basic solution, he has to put a
drop of solution on red litmus. If it turns blue the solution will be basic in nature.

Q6- Explain why :

Qa- An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity.
Ans.- The antacid tablet contains base like milk of magnesia which neutralises the
acid produced in the stomach. Hence it is used while suffering from acidity.

Qb- Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites.

Ans- When and bites, it injects formic acid inside the skin. Calamine consists of zinc
carbonate which is basic in nature. Hence calamine neutralises the effect of
formic acid to bring relief for the affected person.

Qc- Factory waste is neutralised before disposing it into the water bodies.
Ans.- Factory wastes are acidic in nature which may cause harm to the aquatic life.
Hence, they are neutralised by using base before disposing it into the water
bodies.

Q7- Three liquids are given to you, one is hydrochloric acid, another is
sodium hydroxide and third is a sugar solution. How will you identify
them? You have only turmeric indicator.
Ans. The following steps are taken to test the given liquids :
(i) Put a drop of provided liquid on the turmeric indicator. The solution that
changes the colour of the indicator to red, is sodium hydroxide, which
is basic in nature.
(ii) Now, to make two mixtures, add a drop of sodium hydroxide on the
other two liquids individually.
(iii) The drop of each combination added to the turmeric indicator one after
another.
(iv) The mixture that changes the indicator to red colour includes neutral
solution of sugar.
(v) While the mixture contains hydrochloric acid that has been neutralized
by the addition of sodium hydroxide, which does not show any colour
change in the indicator.

Q8- Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the
nature of the solution? Explain.
Ans- Above solution may be neutral or basic in nature as both of them will not
charge the colour of the blue litmus paper.