DGCA MODULE 4

Questions bank
Part -1

1.1a. Semiconductors - Diodes.

Q 1. What gives the colour of an LED?.

( A. The active element. ( B. The plastic it is encased in.
( C. The type of gas used inside it. Correct Answer is. The active element. Explanation. The
active element is the element used in the doping of the semiconductor material. Aircraft Electricity
and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 121.

Q 2. A germanium diode is used for.

( A. rectification.
( B. voltage stabilization. ( C. modulation.
Correct Answer is. rectification. Explanation. Germanium diode has the least forward bias
voltage drop and is best for rectification.

Q 3. Why is a diode put in parallel with an LED?.

( A. To protect it from AC.
( B. So it will work only above a certain voltage.
( C. So it will work only below a certain voltage.
Correct Answer is. To protect it from AC. Explanation. An LED has a high forward bias voltage
drop but is easily damaged when reverse biased. AC is therefore not good for an LED.

Q 4. When testing the forward bias of a diode with a multimeter.

( A. the positive lead of the ohmmeter is placed on the anode.

( B. it does not matter which terminal the positive lead of the ohmeter is placed.
( C. the positive lead of the ohmmeter is placed on the cathode.
Correct Answer is. the positive lead of the ohmmeter is placed on the anode.
Explanation. To test forward bias, the positive lead of the multimeter must be placed on the anode.
Note: If the question says 'moving coil meter' then it would be the negative lead on the anode, since
the negative side of the battery in such a meter is connected to the + lead. Aircraft Electricity and
Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 113.

Q 5. This is a diagram of.

( A. an SCR.
( B. a TRIAC.
( C. a Schottky diode. Correct Answer is. an SCR. Explanation. NIL.

Q 6. Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Thyristor?.

( A. High voltage handling.
( B. High power handling.
( C. High current handling.
Correct Answer is. High current handling. Explanation. A thyristor (such as an SCR) is a high
current switching.

Q 7. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

( A. emit light of only one wavelength dependent on type.
( B. have very wide viewing angles. ( C. are easily damaged if forward biased b more than 5V.
Correct Answer is. emit light of only one wavelength dependent on type.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 8. In a semiconductor junction diode, electrons are the minority carriers.

( A. within the P region. ( B. within the N region.
( C. in both the N and P regions. Correct Answer is. within the P region. Explanation. NIL.
Q 9. A silicon diode, when compared to a germanium diode has.

( A. a higher forward bias voltage. ( B. the same forward bias voltage. ( C. less forward bias
voltage.
Correct Answer is. a higher forward bias voltage.
Explanation. Si = 0.6V, Ge = 0.2V. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111.

Q 10. This symbol is.

( A. a transistor.
( B. a diode.
( C. a triac.
Correct Answer is. a diode. Explanation. NIL.

Q 11. This symbol is.

( A. a photodiode.
( B. a laser diode.
( C. an LED.
Correct Answer is. a photodiode. Explanation. The photodiode is used in reverse bias. The
minority current increases when light shines on it.
Q 12. A zener diode is

( A. allows current to flow in one direction.

( B. stabilizes voltage at a predetermined level.
( C. acts like a switch.
Correct Answer is. stabilizes voltage at a predetermined level.
Explanation. Zener diodes are usually used in voltage regulator circuits. Aircraft Electricity and
Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 385.

Q 13. A junction diode.

( A. is similar to a vacuum diode but cannot rectify.

( B. has one p-n junction. ( C. can handle only very small currents.
Correct Answer is. has one p-n junction. Explanation. NIL.

Q 14. Reverse bias.

( A. raises the potential barrier. ( B. lowers the potential barrier. ( C. greatly increases the
majority carrier current.
Correct Answer is. raises the potential barrier.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 15. A diode connected across a relay coil is used to.

( A. dissipate coil spikes on switch off.

( B. allow the coil to energize with only one polarity.

( C. cause a delay in switching on. Correct Answer is. dissipate coil spikes on switch off.
Explanation. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 121 reading material.
Q 16. To check the forward resistance of a diode with a multimeter, the lead connected to the
positive terminal is put to the.
( A. anode.
( B. cathode.
( C. either anode or cathode. Correct Answer is. anode.
Explanation. To forward bias a diode with a multimeter, the positive lead must be connected to the
anode. Note: If it were a moving coil meter, you must connect the negative lead to the anode since
the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative lead.

Q 17. A thyristor has which of the following?.

( A. A positive temperature coefficient. ( B. High resistance when switched off. ( C. High
resistance when switched on.
Correct Answer is. High resistance when switched off.
Explanation. The thyristor (such as an SCR or TRIAC) is basically a switch which provides a high
resistance when switched off.

Q 18. What does the circuit shown do?.

( A. Full wave rectifier.

( B. Half wave rectifier. ( C. Voltage doubler.
Correct Answer is. Half wave rectifier. Explanation. The diagram shows a half wave rectifier. The
capacitor is for smoothing the output. A full wave rectifier requires 4 diodes and a voltage doubler
requires two capacitors.

Q 19. In an LED, what is used to make the colour?.

( A. The plastic lens cover. ( B. The electrons.
( C. The doping material.
Correct Answer is. The doping material. Explanation. The dopant is what gives the LED its colour.

Q 20. An atom with 5 electrons in its outer shell is part of.

( A. a C type material. ( B. a P type material. ( C. an N type material.
Correct Answer is. an N type material. Explanation. An atom with five electrons in its outer shell
(pentavalent) will provide an extra free electron and make the material an N type. Aircraft
Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 110.

Q 21. A thyristor is commonly used for.

( A. overvolts regulation. ( B. voltage regulation. ( C. rectification.
Correct Answer is. rectification. Explanation. A thyristor (especially an SCR) is often used for
rectification.

Q 22. A diode which emits photons when conducting is a.

( A. light emitting.
( B. varactor.
( C. zener.
Correct Answer is. light emitting. Explanation. Photons = light, so a diode which emits light is a
Light Emitting Diode.

Q 23. The electrodes of an SCR are.

( A. gate, cathode, anode. ( B. source, drain, gate.
( C. anode, cathode, source. Correct Answer is. gate, cathode, anode.
Explanation. The electrodes of an SCR are the anode, cathode and the gate. Aircraft Electricity and
Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 24. What gives an LED its colour?.

( A. A gas.
( B. The cover.
( C. Composition and impurity of the compound.
Correct Answer is. Composition and impurity of the compound.
Explanation. It is the doping element which gives an LED its colour.

Q 25. Forward voltage of a silicon diode is.

( A. 1.6V.
( B. 0.6V.
( C. 0.2V.
Correct Answer is. 0.6V.
Explanation. Si = 0.6V, Ge = 0.2V Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111 or
113.

Q 26. What is the typical volts drop across an LED.

( A. 0.2V.
( B. 0.4V.
( C. 1.6V.
Correct Answer is. 1.6V.
Explanation. An LED volts drop is typically 1.6 - 2.4V. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th
Edition Eismin Page 121.

Q 27. What diode gives off light photons when forward biased.
( A. LED.
( B. Gunn diode.
( C. Schottky diode. Correct Answer is. LED.
Explanation. LEDs give off light (photons) when forward biased.

Q 28. The anode of a diode is connected to a +4V DC supply and the cathode is connected to a
+2V DC supply. The diode is.
( A. forward biased not conducting. ( B. reverse biased not conducting. ( C. forward biased
conducting.
Correct Answer is. forward biased conducting.
Explanation. Forward bias is anode to cathode. 4V fwd bias and 2V reverse bias, the diode is 2V
fwd bias in total.

Q 29. Using electron flow in a diode the current flows from.

( A. Anode to Cathode. ( B. Cathode to Base. ( C. Cathode to Anode.
Correct Answer is. Cathode to Anode. Explanation. ELECTRON FLOW (i.e. American notation) is
cathode to anode (against the arrow direction). Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition
Eismin Page 111.

Q 30. When a hole diffuses from the p region to the n region.

( A. raises the potential barrier.

( B. it becomes a minority carrier in the n region.
( C. lowers the potential barrier. Correct Answer is. raises the potential barrier.
Explanation. The potential barrier is formed by holes diffusing from the P region to the N region,
(and electrons diffusing from the N region to the P region).

Q 31. A junction diode.

( A. can handle only small currents. ( B. is similar to a vacuum diode but cannot rectify.
( C. has one p-n junction.
Correct Answer is. has one p-n junction. Explanation. A junction diode is so named for its one
junction. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111.
Q 32. A germanium diode.
( A. has a lower forward bias voltage than a silicon diode.
( B. has a higher forward bias voltage than a silicon diode.
( C. has the same forward bias voltage as a silicon diode.
Correct Answer is. has a lower forward bias voltage than a silicon diode.
Explanation. Forward bias voltage of germanium diode = 0.2 V. Silicon diode = 0.6 V. Aircraft
Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111.

Q 33. What switches off a thyristor?.

( A. Reverse bias gate. ( B. Remove the gate voltage. ( C. Remove supply voltage.
Correct Answer is. Remove supply voltage. Explanation. To switch off a thyristor (such as an SCR)
you must disconnect the supply voltage. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page
120.

Q 34. When an SCR is switched on it has.

( A. low resistance.
( B. no change in resistance. ( C. high resistance.
Correct Answer is. low resistance. Explanation. An SCR is basically a switch, which, when
switched on has a low resistance. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 35. What type of pulse is required to switch on an SCR?.

( A. Positive.
( B. Negative.
( C. Positive or negative. Correct Answer is. Positive.
Explanation. A positive pulse is required to switch an SCR on.
Q 36. A piece of pure Germanium.
( A. is electrically stable. ( B. has a deficit of electrons. ( C. has an excess of electrons.
Correct Answer is. is electrically stable. Explanation. In a solid piece of semiconductor material,
all the valence electrons are occupied in the covalent bond. It does not conduct electricity. Aircraft
Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 110.

Q 37. When a diode is forward biased, current flow is mainly due to the.

( A. germanium bias junction. ( B. majority carriers.

( C. minority carriers. Correct Answer is. majority carriers.
Explanation. Forward bias = majority carriers.
Q 38. When a diode is forward biased the.
( A. positive lead is connected to both N and P type.
( B. positive lead is connected to the N type and negative to the P type.
( C. positive lead is connected to the P type and negative to the N type.
Correct Answer is. positive lead is connected to the P type and negative to the N type.
Explanation. To forward biased, connect Positive to P, Negative to N. Aircraft Electricity and
Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 117.

Q 39. The typical voltage drop across an L.E.D is.

( A. 2V.
( B. 4V.
( C. 6V.
Correct Answer is. 2V. Explanation. 2V typical.

Q 40. What are the majority carriers for a forward biased PN junction device?.
( A. Electrons and holes. ( B. Holes.
( C. Electrons.
Correct Answer is. Electrons and holes. Explanation. Majority carriers are electrons in the N
material, and holes in the P material.

Q 41. Germanium in its pure state is.

( A. negatively charged. ( B. neutral.
( C. positively charged. Correct Answer is. neutral.
Explanation. Both germanium and silicon are neutrally charged, even when doped. Aircraft
Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 110.

Q 42. Which diode has a lower forward bias voltage?.

( A. Silicon.
( B. Germanium.
( C. Both have the same forward bias voltage.
Correct Answer is. Germanium.
Explanation. Silicon about 0.6V, Germanium about 0.2V. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th
Edition Eismin Page 111.

Q 43. A Zener diode is used for.

( A. voltage stabilisation.
( B. rectification. ( C. voltage regulation.
Correct Answer is. voltage regulation. Explanation. A Zener diode is used for voltage regulation.
Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 44. A thyristor SCR is a.

( A. bi-directional device. ( B. unidirectional device. ( C. multidirectional device.
Correct Answer is. unidirectional device. Explanation. http://hyperphysics.phy-
astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electronic/diac.html#c4

Q 45. What component is used to turn AC to DC?.

( A. Thyristor.
( B. Diode.
( C. Transistor. Correct Answer is. Diode.
Explanation. Although a thyristor (SCR) can be used, a diode is more common. Aircraft Electricity
and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 113.

Q 45. What component is used to turn AC to DC?.

( A. Thyristor.
( B. Diode.
( C. Transistor. Correct Answer is. Diode.
Explanation. Although a thyristor (SCR) can be used, a diode is more common. Aircraft Electricity
and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 113.

Q 46. What is an intrinsic material?.

( A. One with added elements. ( B. One with removed elements. ( C. A pure material.
Correct Answer is. A pure material. Explanation. Intrinsic is a pure material.

Q 47. The voltage drop of a silicon diode is.

( A. 1 V.
( B. 0.7 V.
( C. 0.3 V.
Correct Answer is. 0.7 V.
Explanation. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111.
Q 48. A diode is parallel to an LED in an AC circuit to.
( A. provide correct amount of current for LED when circuit is switched on.
( B. prevent back EMF in the circuit when LED is switched off.
( C. protect LED from AC current when switched on.
Correct Answer is. protect LED from AC current when switched on.
Explanation. The negative half cycle of the AC must be bypassed around the LED.

Q 49. In a forward biased diode, current is carried by.

( A. majority carriers. ( B. both.
( C. minority carriers. Correct Answer is. both.
Explanation. Forward bias is both, reverse bias is minority carriers only.

Q 50. When checking a diode for reverse bias resistance the positive lead goes to.
( A. anode and negative lead to earth.

( B. cathode and negative lead to anode.

( C. anode and negative lead to cathode.
Correct Answer is. cathode and negative lead to anode.
Explanation. Positive lead to cathode.

Q 51. Zener diodes are used for.

( A. Current control.
( B. Voltage control. ( C. Temperature control.
Correct Answer is. Voltage control. Explanation. Comment/Reference (if available).

Q 52. Once started conducting an SCR switches off.

( A. only when the anode goes negative to the cathode.
( B. automatically after a specific time.

( C. only when the anode goes positive to the cathode.

Correct Answer is. only when the anode goes negative to the cathode.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 53. In a forward biased diode, electrons leave the.

( A. the anode.
( B. the cathode.
( C. the doped area.
Correct Answer is. the cathode.
Explanation. explainAnswer[3]="Electrons jump accross the depletion layer from the Cathode
(-ve) to the Anode (+ve) to recombine with the holes and close the depletion layer".

Q 54. Diodes are. ( A. conductors.

( B. semi-conductors. ( C. Insulators.
Correct Answer is. semi-conductors. Explanation. Only answer which is correct in both bias
configurations.

Q 55. To function, i.e. conduct, a junction diode made of silicon requires a forward bias of at least.
( A. 0.2V.
( B. 1.41V.
( C. 1V.
Correct Answer is. 1V.
Explanation. Silicon diodes require around 0.7V, so a is the closest.

Q 56. What is the average gain of an Op Amp?.

( A. 20.
( B. 200,000.
( C. 200.
Correct Answer is. 200,000. Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op_amp#DC_ behavior

1.1b. Semiconductors - Diodes.

Q 1. Tunnel diodes have the following characteristics.

( A. Heavily doped P-N junction with an extremely narrow depletion region.
( B. Lightly doped P and N regions and a high reverse breakdown voltage.
( C. Lightly doped P region, heavily doped N region and has a fast response time. Correct Answer is.
Heavily doped P-N junction with an extremely narrow depletion region.
Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel_diode

Q 2. The capacitance of a varactor diode is.

( A. inversely proportional with reverse bias voltage.
( B. a linear function of applied reverse bias voltage.
( C. directly related to the forward bias voltage.
Correct Answer is. inversely proportional with reverse bias voltage.
Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varactor_dio
de

Q 3. A semiconductor doped with an element having a valency of 5 will produce.

( A. an N type material.
( B. either an N type or a P type depending on what type of semiconductor material is used.
( C. a P type material.
Correct Answer is. an N type material. Explanation. Pentavalent materials make an N type
material due to its extra electron. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 110.

Q 4. In a diode clamper, if the resistor is removed making the time constant equal to C x r where r
is the reverse resistance of the diode, this will ensure a.

( A. long time constant. ( B. short time constant. ( C. Very Long Time Constant.
Correct Answer is. long time constant. Explanation. NIL.

Q 5. PIN diodes are used mainly for.

( A. linear rectifiers. ( B. fast switching devices.
( C. voltage operated rectifiers. Correct Answer is. fast switching devices. Explanation. NIL.

Q 6. To enable an IMPATT diode to operate correctly, it must be.

( A. connected to a resonant circuit. ( B. used in its reverse bias mode. ( C. operated in its
negative resistance range.
Correct Answer is. operated in its negative resistance range.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 7. What type of diode would be used to stop voltage spikes across a coil of a relay?.
( A. Gunn diode.
( B. Double acting diode. ( C. Schottky diode.
Correct Answer is. Double acting diode. Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_stabi liser, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_diode

Q 8. What is a schottky diode used for?.

( A. Rectification.
( B. Stabilization.
( C. Very high frequency applications.

Correct Answer is. Very high frequency applications.

Explanation. A schottky diode has very little junction capacitance and can be used for very high
frequency switching applications.

Q 9. When a hole diffuses from a p-region to the n-region it.

( A. becomes a minority carrier in the n-region.

( B. lowers the potential barrier. ( C. raises the potential barrier. Correct Answer is. raises the
potential barrier.
Explanation. This is descriptive of holes crossing the PN junction to form the depletion layer.
Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 111.

Q 10. The junction barrier offers opposition to only.

( A. holes in the p-region.
( B. free electrons in the n-region. ( C. majority carriers in both regions.

Correct Answer is. majority carriers in both regions.

Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junction

Q 11. Avalanche breakdown occurs when.

( A. reverse bias exceeds a certain value.
( B. forward bias exceeds a certain value.
( C. forward current becomes excessive.
Correct Answer is. reverse bias exceeds a certain value.
Explanation. Reverse biasing a diode will cause avalanche breakdown at a certain value. Aircraft
Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 12. If forward bias is increased from zero on a p-n junction, a rapid increase in current flow for
a relatively small increase in voltage occurs.
( A. when the flow of minority carriers is sufficient to cause an avalanche breakdown.
( B. when the depletion layer becomes larger than the space charge area.
( C. only after the forward bias exceeds the potential barrier.
Correct Answer is. only after the forward bias exceeds the potential barrier.
Explanation. A forward biased PN junction will conduct only when the forward bias voltage
exceeds the junction barrier - i.e Si = 0.6V, Ge = 0.2V.
Q 13. A band pass filter excludes frequencies.
( A. below the frequency required only.
( B. above and below the frequency required.
( C. above the frequency required only.
Correct Answer is. above and below the frequency required.
Explanation. A band-pass filter excludes frequencies above and below a particular
frequency. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 288.

Q 14. In an unbiased p-n junction, current flow is.

( A. zero, because equal but opposite currents are crossing the junction.
( B. zero, because no charges are crossing the junction.
( C. due to the diffusion of minority carriers only.
Correct Answer is. zero, because no charges are crossing the junction.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 15. With a small amplitude voltage, what type of diode would you use to produce the output
waveform?.

( A. Gunn.
( B. Zener.
( C. Schottky.
Correct Answer is. Schottky. Explanation. The first part of the device is a basic RC differentiator,
providing positive and
negative pulses from the square wave input. The diode blocks the negative pulses. Since the
amplitude is small, a fast acting diode with a low forward bias voltage is required. The Schottky
diode fits the bill.

Q 16. What diode is used to stop power spikes in a coil?.

( A. Gunn diode.
( B. Schottky diode.
( C. Two directional zener diode. Correct Answer is. Two directional zener diode.
Explanation. A two directional zener diode (actually 2 zener diodes back-to-back) is used to stop
power spikes.

Q 17. What type of diode when forward biased holes and electrons recombine producing
photons?.
( A. LED.
( B. Photodiode.
( C. Gunn. Correct Answer is. LED.
Explanation. The word 'photons' implies light emission - i.e. a light emitting diode (LED).

Q 18. A zener diode is designed to operate.

( A. below its breakdown voltage. ( B. either above or below its breakdown voltage.
( C. above its breakdown voltage. Correct Answer is. above its breakdown voltage.
Explanation. A zener diode is designed to operate above its breakdown voltage continuously.
Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 19. A triac is a type of. ( A. thermistor.

( B. transistor.
( C. thyristor.
Correct Answer is. thyristor.
Explanation. Thyristors include, SCRs, Triacs and diacs. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th
Edition Eismin Page 120.

Q 20. If a junction diode is reverse biased too far, the output current would.

( A. reverse direction. ( B. cease to flow.

( C. increase.
Correct Answer is. increase. Explanation. If a junction diode is reverse biased too far, it will
'breakdown' and a high current will flow.

Q 21. When a PN junction is forward biased, it conducts via.

( A. intrinsic carrier.
( B. majority carrier.
( C. minority carrier.
Correct Answer is. majority carrier. Explanation. Forward biased - majority carriers.
Q 22. In the Zener Diode suppressor shown, point X in respect to point Y should be.

( A. more Positive.
( B. either positive or negative. ( C. more negative.
Correct Answer is. more negative. Explanation.

A Zener Diode is always wired in reverse bias. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition
Eismin Page 138.
( B. forward bias conditions.
( C. reverse or forward bias conditions.

Correct Answer is. reverse bias conditions. Explanation. NIL. http://hyperphysics.phy-

astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electronic/photdet.html#c2

Q 23. If the reverse bias voltage across a diode is too high.

( A. load current reduces to zero. ( B. load current increases rapidly. ( C. load current reverses.
Correct Answer is. load current increases rapidly.
Explanation. If the reverse bias voltage is too high, the diode will break down and pass current.

Q 24. An LED which emits green light uses.

( A. gallium phosphide. ( B. gallium arsenide.
( C. gallium arsenide phosphide. Correct Answer is. gallium phosphide. Explanation. NIL.

Q 27. To increase capacitance of a varactor diode.

( A. reverse bias voltage is increased. ( B. reverse bias voltage is decreased. ( C. forward bias
voltage is decreased.
Correct Answer is. reverse bias voltage is decreased.
Explanation. NIL.
http://www.tpub.com/content/neets/141 79/css/14179_131.htm

Q 28. The diagram shows a.

art.htm

Q 25. An LED which emits red light uses.

( A. gallium phosphide.
( B. gallium arsenide phosphide. ( C. gallium arsenide.
Correct Answer is. gallium arsenide phosphide.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 26. A photodiode is operated under.

( A. reverse bias conditions.

( A. voltage doubler. ( B. half wave rectifier. ( C. full wave rectifier.

Correct Answer is. voltage doubler. Explanation. NIL. http://hyperphysics.phy-
astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electronic/voldoub.html

Explanation. NIL.

Q 29. A bi-directional TRIAC has two SCRs connected in.

( A. series parallel.
( B. inverse parallel.
( C. parallel series.
Correct Answer is. inverse parallel. Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIAC

Q 30. A thyristor can be forward biased by a.

( A. positive or negative pulse. ( B. negative pulse.
( C. positive pulse.
Correct Answer is. positive pulse. Explanation. Positive pulse only.

Q 31. N' type materials are doped with.

( A. acceptors.
( B. acceptors and donors. ( C. donors.
Correct Answer is. donors.
Explanation. N' type materials have excess electrons, therefore the impurity element is a donor of
electrons. Aircraft Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition Eismin Page 110.
Q 32. In an electronic circuit, if the anode of a diode is clamped to ground. What is this called?.
( A. A negative clamping circuit. ( B. A negative limiting circuit. ( C. A positive clamping circuit.
Correct Answer is. A positive clamping circuit.
Q 33. To decrease the capacitance of a varactor.
( A. reverse bias should be decreased. ( B. forward bias should be increased. ( C. reverse bias
should be increased.
Correct Answer is. reverse bias should be increased.
Explanation. NIL.

Q 34. A Zener diode is used across the output for a power supply circuit to.
( A. give a full wave rectification. ( B. prevent thermal runway.
( C. provide a steady DC voltage output without falling.
Correct Answer is. provide a steady DC voltage output without falling.
Explanation. A Zener diode is the main component in a voltage regulator.

Q 35. If a diode has gone open circuit in a full wave bridge rectifier, the output frequency ripple
is.
( A. the same as the input frequency.

( B. twice the input frequency. ( C. half the input frequency. Correct Answer is. the same as the
input frequency.
Explanation. A fully serviceable bridge rectifier produces an output ripple twice the input
frequency. If one diode goes open circuit, one of the output 'humps' drops to zero.

Q 36. In a full wave bridge rectifier.

( A. the output is pure DC. Frequency is 0 Hz.
( B. the output frequency is twice the input frequency.
( C. the output voltage is twice the input voltage.
Correct Answer is. the output is pure DC. Frequency is 0 Hz.
Explanation. The output is un-smoothed DC of 2 x input frequency.

Q 37. After passing through a rectifier, alternating current becomes.

( A. smooth direct current. ( B. pulsating direct current. ( C. square wave form current.
Correct Answer is. pulsating direct current. Explanation. Assuming the rectifier does not contain
any smoothing circuitry.
Q 38. A Zener diode usually works.
( A. only in reverse bias. ( B. at variable voltages. ( C. only in forward bias.
Correct Answer is. only in reverse bias. Explanation. NIL.

Q 39. P' type materials require.

( A. acceptors.
( B. conductors.
( C. donors.
Correct Answer is. acceptors. Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P- type_semiconductor

Q 40. Which of the following explains how the photodiode works?.

( A. Photodiodes are forward biased to conduct when light falls upon them.
( B. Photodiodes are back biased not to conduct when light falls upon them.
( C. Photodiodes are back biased to conduct when light falls upon them.
Correct Answer is. Photodiodes are back biased to conduct when light falls upon them.
Explanation. NIL.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiodes