Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

Disaster Readiness
and Risk Reduction

Knock on Wood
K
Quarter 1 Week 1 Module 1
Learning Competency:
Explain the meaning of disaster
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while
enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing
enhances learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the
concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what
learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.

• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.

• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

• Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.

• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.

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LESSON 1: MEANING OF DISASTER

EXPECTATIONS
This module will let you grasp the idea of what a disaster is. Specifically, you will be
able to accomplish the following:
a. define disaster;
b. identify factors that contribute to disaster; and
c. explain when a disaster might happen.

How about checking what you know first before you start learning new? I believe
you can answer the set of questions given below. God bless!

PRETEST
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.
_____1. A process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or
other health impacts, property damage, social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation is called
A. Disaster B. Emergency C. Hazard D. Vulnerability
_____2. A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a widespread
human, material, economic or environmental losses is called
A. Disaster B. Vulnerability C. Resiliency D. Hazard
_____3. People are more likely to fear hazards that are:
A. Controllable B. Equitable C. Not easily reduced D. Observable
_____4. Thunderstorms, coastal storm surges, tropical cyclones and heat waves are
A. Technological hazards C. Hydrometeorological hazards
B. Astronomical hazards D. Geological hazards
_____5. The following are common long term impacts of natural hazards EXCEPT
A. Destruction of vital infrastructure like roads and bridges
B. Disconnection of communication lines
C. Widespread loss of housing
D. Permanent disability

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LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Tell me something!
Examine the pictures given below. List down as many as you can about what you know in the
blank.
Phenomenon What can you say about it? What could happen?

https://www.novinite.com/media/images/2018-02/photo_
verybig_187820.jpg

https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/weather/satellite-applications
/satellite-imagery

https://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/article_thumb
nails/news/2020/01_2020/coronavirus_1/1800x1200_coronavirus_1.jpg?resize=*:350px

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
You sometimes hear the word ‘disaster’ in movie lines like, “My life has been
in disaster since you left me!”. Additionally, ‘disaster’ is also used as an expression when we
dislike the situation we are in. However, in this lesson, we will describe disaster in the
perspective of how disaster would come due to several factors. By the way, how do you picture
disaster in your own experience? Obviously, there could be many definition of disaster based
on how we are in a particular situation. Whatever perspective you are thinking, knock on wood,
for sure everybody doesn’t want to experience a disaster.

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 Way back in the year 1990, there was strong earthquake in Luzon. Later in that year
on June 15, 1991, Mount Pinatubo in Zambales erupted violently. Moreover, typhoon “Ondoy”
(Ketsana) swept across Manila in the Philippines last September 29, 2009 and recently, a
pandemic caused by novel corona virus hit the world in 2020. These are some events that had
greatly affected the lives of many living things. Do you have something to share about you
might had experienced? You may list down the things you had observed together with how you
had felt during that time. You might need it in the upcoming activities.
Defining disaster sometimes takes careful thinking. People equate the term disaster with
the words such as accidents and calamities. How about you? What is your idea about disaster?
Let us explore your idea on it!

ACTIVITY 1: ARE YOU AFFECTED? KNOCK ON WOOD!

Directions: Read the list of concept/situation below. Describe briefly each situation, identify
who could be affected in the situation and then answer the questions that follow.
Situations/Phenomena Short Description Who could be affected?

Ground shaking

Tornado

Landslide

Flood

Indoor Fire

Lava flow

Industrial pollution

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 Typhoon

Forest fire

Liquefaction

Storm surge

Tsunami

Extreme Rain Fall

Question 1: In general, how would you describe the situations/phenomena given in the list?
Suggest a word that best describe all the given phenomena above.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Question 2: How would you describe a society if we presume that they experienced 1 or 2
phenomena given above?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

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 ACTIVITY 2: WHICH IS WHICH?

Direction: Based on the list of phenomena/situations in activity 1, classify them according to

the following table format. Write the phenomena according to appropriate column in the table.

(What is the general term for the phenomena listed in Activity 1?)
_______________________________
Natural Technological /
Biological Geological Hydrometeorological Man- made

REMEMBER
• Disaster – a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving
widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which
exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.1

• Hazard – a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause
loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and
services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.1

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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Analyze the figure below and answer the question that follows.

Hydro-
meteorological
Hazard
Geological
Hazard

Technological or
Man-made
Hazard

Disaster
Critical Thinking
Explain what you understand about the figure above.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In your own words, how would you define disaster?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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Care and Concern for others:
Answer the following questions.

How would you

lessen the impact of
a disaster?

If in your
community there
was a disaster, how
could you offer help
to others?

POSTTEST

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.
____1. A sinkhole is an example of which of the following natural hazard subcategories?
A. Mass movement/wasting C. Hydrologic
B. Tectonic D. None of the choices
____2. Strong earthquakes are hazards that could cause disaster. Which is NOT a disaster
cause by earthquakes?
A. Collapse building and houses C. loss of water supply
B. Drought D. food shortage
____3. Which is NOT a geological hazard?
A. Earthquake B. Tsunami C. Tephra fall D. Tornado
____4. Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT
A. Displacement of populations C. Destruction of a population’s homeland
B. Damage to the ecological environment D. Adequate supply of goods and services
____5. A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a widespread
human, material, economic or environmental losses is called
A. Disaster B. Vulnerability C. Resiliency D. Hazard

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Reference:
1. Commission on Higher Education. Teaching Guide for Disaster Readiness and Risk
Reduction. 2016;(June).

Acknowledgements

Writer: JOEFREY R. CHAN – MTII

Editor / Reviewer: REBECCA M. ROXAS, EPS-Science
Management Team: MALCOLM S. GARMA, Regional Director
GENIA V. SANTOS, CLMD Chief
DENNIS M. MENDOZA, Regional EPS in Charge
of LRMS and Regional ADM Coordinator
MARIA MAGDALENA M. LIM, CESO V, Schools
Division Superintendent
AIDA H. RONDILLA, CID Chief
LUCKY S. CARPIO, Division EPS in Charge of
LRMS and Division ADM Coordinator

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ANSWER SHEETS
Name: Score:

Grade and Strand: Teacher: Date:

Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature over printed name

PRETEST POSTTEST
1. ___ 1. ____
2. ___ 2. ____
3. ___ 3. ____
4. ___ 4. ____
5. ___ 5. ____

TELL ME SOMETHING
Phenomenon What can you say about it? What could happen?

https://www.novinite.com/media/images/2018-02/photo_
verybig_187820.jpg

https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/weather/satellite-applications
/satellite-imagery

https://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/article_thumb
nails/news/2020/01_2020/coronavirus_1/1800x1200_coronavirus_1.jpg?resize=*:350px

ACTIVITY 1
Situations/Phenomena Short Description Who could be affected?
Ground shaking

Tornado

Landslide

Flood

Indoor Fire

Lava flow

Industrial pollution

Typhoon

Forest fire

Liquefaction

11
 Storm surge

Tsunami

Extreme Rain Fall

Question 1: In general, how would you describe the situations/phenomena given in the list? Suggest a word
that best describe all the given phenomena above.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Question 2: How would you describe a society if we presume that they experienced 1or2 phenomena given
above?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2
(What is the general term for the phenomena listed in Activity 1?)
_______________________________
Natural Technological / Man-
Biological Geological Hydrometeorological made

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Explain what you understand about the figure.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
In your own words, how would you define disaster?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
CARE AND CONCERN FOR OTHERS
How would you lessen the
impact of a disaster?

If in your community there

was a disaster, how could
you offer help to others?

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ANSWER KEY
PRETEST POSTTEST
1. C 1. A
2. A 2. B
3. C 3. D
4. C 4. D
5. B 5. A

TELL ME SOMETHING
Phenomenon What can you say about it? What could happen?
A device used to detect motion Earthquake, tsunami, deaths

https://www.novinite.com/media/images/2018-02/photo_
verybig_187820.jpg

A typhoon Flood, storm surge, heavy rains, deaths

https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/weather/satellite-applications
/satellite-imagery

A virus Diseases, pandemic, epidemic, deaths

https://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/article_thumb
nails/news/2020/01_2020/coronavirus_1/1800x1200_coronavirus_1.jpg?resize=*:350px

ACTIVITY 1
Situations/Phenomena Short Description Who could be affected?
Ground shaking There is an earthquake Everyone in the particular area
Tornado There is a strong surge of wind Everyone in the particular area
Landslide It happens from a cliff Everyone living near a cliff
Flood It is cause by heavy rains or typhoons Everyone in the particular area
Indoor Fire It may be caused accident/faulty wiring Everyone in the particular area
Lava flow From a volcano Everyone near the volcano
Industrial pollution From factories Everyone in the particular area
Typhoon Is a natural hazard Everyone in the particular area
Forest fire It may be caused by extreme drought or by man Everyone in the particular area, animals
Liquefaction Softening of grounds Everyone in the particular area
Storm surge It is caused by strong typhoon Everyone living near an open sea
Tsunami It is caused by an earthquake Everyone living near an open sea
Extreme Rain Fall It is caused by typhoon Everyone in the particular area

Question 1: In general, how would you describe the situations/phenomena given in the list? Suggest a word that best describe all the
given phenomena above.
The situation or phenomena is harmful to humans, plants, and animals. The phenomena is called hazard.

Question 2: How would you describe a society if we presume that they experienced 1or2 phenomena given above?
The society will experience disaster.

ACTIVITY 2
(What is the general term for the phenomena listed in Activity 1)
HAZARD
Natural
Technological / Man- made
Biological Geological Hydrometeorological
Ground shaking Tornado Indoor fire
Landslide Flood Industrial pollution
Lava flow Typhoon Forest fire
Liquefaction Storm surge
tsunami Extreme rainfall

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ANSWER KEY

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Explain what you understand about the figure.
Disaster is brought by hazards like geological, hydrometeorological, and technological or man-made.

In your own words, how would you define disaster?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
CARE AND CONCERN FOR OTHERS
By being prepared and knowledgeable about the upcoming disaster.
How would you lessen the
impact of a disaster?
Not throwing garbage anywhere.
Being a responsible and disciplined citizen.
If in your community there Share food
was a disaster, how could Extend help in any form
you offer help to others?

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