Effects of Volcanic Eruptions on

Society - Exploring the Positive &

Negative

Discover that volcanic eruptions have both positive &

negative impacts on society.
 WHAT IS VOLCANO?

Volcanoes are usually cone-shaped mountains or hills.

The shape of the volcano is determined by the magma's
viscosity or stickiness.

Volcanoes are formed by eruptions of lava and ash. They

are openings in the surface of the Earth from which
magma, associated gases, and ash erupt.

Some volcanoes happen underwater, along the seabed or

ocean floor. Volcanic eruptions can happen at destructive
and constructive boundaries, but not at conservative
boundaries or collision zones.
 POSITIVE EFFECT

Volcanoes serve as tourist attractions, bringing in

money for the local economy. Volcanic ash acts
as a natural fertiliser for the soil, which is good
for growing crops. Geothermal energy can be
generated in places where the crust is thinner and
so volcanic areas can be used to harness
renewable energy.
 NEGATIVE EFFECT

Volcanoes spew hot, dangerous gases, ash, lava,

and rock that are powerfully destructive. People
have died from volcanic blasts. Volcanic
eruptions can result in additional threats to health,
such as floods, mudslides, power outages,
drinking water contamination, and wildfires.
 POSITIVE NEGATIVE

* Fertile soil creation * Loss of life and property

* Geothermal energy potential * Respiratory problems
* Tourism opportunities * Economic damage
* New land formation * Climate change disruption
 ARE YOU PREPARED?
Signs of an impending volcanic eruption

According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS),

the government agency tasked with monitoring earthquakes and volcanos in the
country, the following are commonly observed signs that a volcano is about to erupt
These may vary from one volcano to another

1. Increase in the 2. Increased steaming

frequency of volcanic activity: change in color 3. Crater glow due to
quakes with rumbling of steam emission from presence of magma at or
sounds, occurrence of white to gray due to near the crater
volcanic tremors: entrained ash,
 ARE YOU PREPARED?
Signs of an impending volcanic eruption

4. Ground swells (or 5. Localized landslides, 6. Noticeable increase in

rockfalls and landslides from
inflation), ground tilt and the extent of drying up of
the summit area which are
ground fissuring due to vegetation around the
not attributable to heavy
magma intrusion; rains, volcano' s upper slopes.

7. Increase in the 8. Noticeable variation in

temperature of hot the chemical content of 9. Drying up of
springs, wells (e.g., springs, crater lakes springs/wells around the
Bulusan and Canlaon) and within the vicinity of the volcano; and
crater lake (e.g., Taal) volcano;
near the volcano;
 ARE YOU PREPARED?
Signs of an impending volcanic eruption

10. Development of new

thermal areas and/or
reactivation of old ones;
(appearance of solfataras).
 ANSWER THIS

Other Natural Hazards

What are the four What are the four

positive effects of negative effects of
volcanic eruptions volcanic eruptions
mentioned in the mentioned in the
presentation?
presentation?