BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

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Chapter 1

The Problem and Its Background

1.1 Introduction

Most of the companies even if its local or international. Always change their

product every or during when their competitors released a new one in the market. So it

might have a chance to beat that certain product.

But the question is, do you think people or my fellow countrymen will afford that,

or should I say do they have the ability to be able to pay that?

So as we go further on my discussion, I will determine the Impact of changing

product designs towards the inflation rate of business market.

My independent variable is the inconsistency of price that affects people’s

perception. Because if this man-made phenomena will persevere. People can be more

impulsive when it comes to these things. And my Dependent variable is when there is

threat of escalating inflation; the prospect of higher interest rates is bearish for the stock

market because it encourages investors to lock in their cash from equities to more

attractive, less risky securities, like money market funds. The lower the funds flow into

the market, the lower the demand for stocks, hence lower share prices.

The researcher choose this topic because in a period of rapid technological

development, the designs of complex, high-value products will often change. In this

paper the term complex is applied to individual products such as aircraft, ships and trains

and to configured systems such as power generation plants. These changes may often be

made on an individual basis, meaning that the make-up of each product will diverge. This

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can continue to occur throughout the product's lifecycle, resulting in a proliferation of

product variants.

Design integrity may be defined in terms of the reliability, availability,

maintainability and safety of a product. The product can be deemed to be fit for purpose

as long as it meets the criteria specified under each of these four categories. Many

organizations, particularly in safety critical industries, are required to maintain extremely

high levels of design integrity. Doing so requires that the information associated with the

design also retains its integrity, again measured against the same four criteria. This means

the accurate control of details embedded within catalogues, bills of materials, inventory,

assembly and maintenance instructions. All such information must be updated where

required.

Product change management practices need to evolve. The design information

management and change control methods used in the past are unsuited to complex

products. To improve the management of product change, working practices, business

and information models need to adapt to support future ways of operating. This requires

that researchers should work to identify areas that will benefit from a systematic

approach with a view to bringing them together under a more unified process model.

These points support the intention and methodology proposed in this paper.

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1.2 Theoretical Framework

Theory of Change and Evaluation: Evaluating Program Design

A theory of change model identifies the pathway or journey to achieving a long-

term outcome or goal. Theory of change models start by identifying the goals or that we

must achieve along the journey to our long-term outcome. After identifying the goals

that mark the path, we can determine what activities will help us to achieve each of the

identified goals.

Theory of change models are very helpful when approaching a large, strategic

goal. They are very effective when you do not yet know what activities or interventions

you want to offer, but instead can identify what you hope to achieve. Theory of change

models also allow us to develop evaluation frameworks that we can then use to guide our

work and assess if we have achieved our goals.

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1.3 Conceptual Framework

Changing Design

Product

Inflation Rate

Business Market

1.4.1 Statement of the Problem

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The primary purpose of this research is to explore the impact of customer

satisfaction of product imitations, specifically to re-examine factors identified by

previous research. In particular, this research investigates how those customer

will satisfied to product imitations. The research problem investigated in this

study is as follows:

1.4.2 General Objective

To determine the Impact of Changing Design of the Product on Customer

Satisfaction.

1.4.3 Specific Objectives

To evaluate the inflation rate of the business market.

1.5 Scope and Delimitation

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This study is conducted at Super Arellano University JAS. The Senior High

School Students age of 17-19 years old. Are the respondents of this study, the research

focus of this study is Changing Product Design towards the Inflation Rate of Business

Market. Therefore, the result of this research apply only to changing design of the

product.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study is about the impact of changing design towards the inflation rate. This

will benefit the information about imitative products towards to customer satisfactions.

To the students who wants to know the limitation of products will give them

brighter understanding and deeper knowledge to the different factors that would affect

the changing design towards the Inflation Rate of the Business Market.

To the future researchers. The purposed of the study will benefits and help the

future researchers as their guide. The study can also open in development in this study.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Countrymen - A person from the same country or region as someone else.

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Complex Product - These products are sometimes referred to as structured

products or non-conventional investments.

Catalogues - A complete list of items, typically one in alphabetical or other

systematic order, in particular.

Design - A plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings

of a building, garment, or other object before it is built or made.

Inventory - A complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or the

contents of a building.

International - The term international as a word means involvement of,

interaction between or encompassing more than one nation, or generally beyond

national boundaries.

Impulsive - acting or done without forethought.

Management - the process of dealing with or controlling things or people.

Organization - An organized body of people with a particular purpose, especially

a business, society, association, etc.

Chapter II

Review of Literature

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2.1 Research Literature (International)

2.1.1 David Brown, (2010)

According to David Brown," Everywhere we look we see the work of designers.

Their hands shape the products we buy, use, and value. Their sensibilities guide the look

and content of the visual communication that surrounds us. We live and work in spaces

they create. Their ideas change our ideas about the world and our place in it. Design is

the intersection between commerce and culture, between the individual and the

environment. At its best, design embodies respect between maker and materials, between

maker and eventual user. Designing is more than a job or even a career, although our

rapidly changing, increasingly international economy offers plenty of opportunity.

Rather, designing is a commitment and, ultimately, a way of life.

functions and characteristics of a product.

2.1.2

Brigitte Borja de Mozota (2009)

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According to Brigitte Borja de Mozota a professor at the Universite Rene

Descartes in France, “Design as a technique that can be used in a communications

strategy (graphic and environmental design) and design used in a product development

strategy (packaging and product design). "Whatever the final output," she says, "design

as an innovation technique is always a problem solving activity"

2.1.3

Philip Kotler and Alexander Rath (2009)

According to Philip and Alexander, ''Design is the process of seeking to optimize

consumer satisfaction and company profitability through the creative use of major design

elements (performance, quality, durability, appearance, and cost) in connection with

products, environments, information, and corporate identity"

2.1.4

Levitt (2009)

According to Levitt, "A company must learn to think of itself not as producing

goods and services but as buying, creating, and satisfying customers. This approach

should permeate every nook and cranny of the organization; if it doesn't, no amount of

efficiency in operations can compensate for the lack.

2.1.5

Coyne (2010)

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According to Coyne, "Since information is replacing raw material as the most

important element in the products and services we buy today.... Manufacturers are

reevaluating policies ... that competitive advantage belongs to those who can make

products at the lowest cost. Today, customers want quality and the designer is in the

position of helping business by acting as the ultimate consumer advocate."

2.1 Research Literature (Local)

2.1.6

S.K.Taneja (2012)

According to Taneja, “He attributes the weaker rupee during the post-

independence period to continuouslyrising prices. He maintains that the inflation was the

biggest singleproblem before the Indian economy and other major economic ailmentshad

their roots in it. According to him, prices scaled higher and higher peaks since second

five year plan and by 2012 they became twice as high as they were nearly a decade and

half ago.”

2.1.7

Sun and Meng (2009)

According to Sun and Meng, “conducted a comprehensive and systematic overview to

fill the knowledge gap by reviewing and synthesizing existing literature on project

change causes and effects in order to develop two taxonomies for change causes and

change effects in construction projects.”

2.1.8

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Love, Mandal, and Li (2010)

According to Love, “Mandal, and Li (2010), rework is waste due to its non-value

adding activities that takes time, resources or require storage and do not add value to the

final output. Therefore, rework is known as non-value adding symptoms that affect the

productivity and performance in construction projects. Ledbetter (2004) categorized

rework into four reasons which are owner change, designer change or error, contractor

change or error and supplier change or error and the reasons can appear in design,

construction or even start-up stages.”

2.1.9

Cox, Morris, Rogerson and Jared (2009)

According to Cox, Morris, Rogerson and Jared, “revealed that design changes often

have a major impact on the client objectives in construction projects where the cost

associated with post contract award design changes typically amount about 5% to 8% of

the contract value.

2.1.10

Raj, K.N. (2006)

According to Raj, “Elaborating the inflationary price rise that occurred around 2008-

2009, makes an attempt to reach to the real causes of inflation in India. According to him,

though it is always made out thatmonetary expansion more than the growth in supply of

goods andservices that is responsible forinflation, it has not been

undisputedlyestablished.”

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Chapter III

Methodology

3.1 Research Design

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The study employed the qualitative research design using a survey among senior

high school students of Arellano University JAS as correspondents. The researchers

prepared a questionnaire in line to the surveys. The research methodologies employed is

the qualitative approach. Qualitative because researchers conducted surveys to determine

the the impact of changing product design, how familiar people to the new improve

product and to evaluate the inflation rate of the business market.

3.2 Research Locus

The researchers conducted the survey in the high school building of Arellano

University JAS Campus located at 3058 Taft ave. Pasay city. The Basic Education

Department of Arellano University

JAS Campus recently celebrated its seventy two years. The researchers picked Senior

HighGrade 11 and 12 ABM students who take the survey as respondents of the research.

3.3 Sample/Selection

The researchers used a non-probability sampling method particularly, the cluster

sampling technique. Non-probability because the researchers are currently connected to

the chosen institution and selected the Arellano University- Basic Education Department

Senior high school ABM students as their respondents.

Cluster because the respondents were selected from all year level of the Basic

Education Department (Senior High School Department). The researchers conducted an

assessment on the whole population of the Senior high school ABM students at Arellano

University, they received a response from its principal and administrative staffs an

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estimated populace of 7487 Senior high school students. The respondents represented

40% of the Senior high school enrollees.

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3.4 Data Gathering Instrument

The researchers formulate a survey questionnaire for chosen respondents for their

primary data gathering tools. Questions were created through various researches online

and walk in research on libraries. The researchers went to the Arellano University Library

to search for possible articles and related literatures for the given research. Thus, these

researches helped them plan questions for the data gathering.

The research instruments will be given to the respondents particularly Senior high

school students of Arellano University. The researchers gathered data by conducting a

survey to all Senior high school ABM students of the Basic Education Department at

Arellano University JAS. Moreover, the researchers went to the Arellano University LM

Library and online research at EBSCO to formulate a survey questionnaire.

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