Drug Study - Pneumonia

ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City
Name of Drug Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

and Contraindication Adverse Precautions Responsibilities
Mechanism of Reactions
Action
Generic Name Classification: Indications Side Effects: Excessive •Consider the

paracetamol 10 Golden
Paracetamol peripheral •Control of pain •Minimal GI
use can result Rights of
vasodilators due to headache, upset,
in severe administering
earache, methemoglo
damage to the medication
Brand Name dysmenorrhea, binemia,
liver. If
arthralgia, hemolytic •Monitor CBC,
Biogesic extensive
myalgia, anemia, liver and renal
Mechanism of enough, this
musculoskeletal neutropenia, functions.
Action: damage may be
pain, arthritis, thrombocyto
Dosage irreversible and •Assess for fecal
used to immuni zations, penia,
in rare cases, occult blood
500mg increase the teething, pancytopenia,
require organ and nephritis.
flow of blood in tonsillectomy leucopenia,ur
transplantation.
blood vessels. ticaria, CNS •Tell the patient
•Reduce fever in Worst case
Route stimulation, to avoid using
viral and bacterial scenario –
hypoglycemic OTC drugs with
P.O infe ctions accidental
coma, Acetaminoph en
overdosage can
•As a substitute jaundice,
also result in •Tell the patient
for aspirin in glissitis,
Frequency enough toxicity to take the drug
upper GI disease, drowsiness,
to cause a with food or
4 hrs for 24 hours bleeding disorders
then prn clients in liver damage fatality (often milk to minimize

anticoagulant due to acute GI upset.
therapy and liver failure).
•Tell the client
Form gouty arthritis
to report N&V.
Tablet Contraindications Adverse cyanosis,
: Reaction: shortness of
breath and
•Anemia, cardiac •Allergic skin
abdominal pain
& pulmonary reactions & GI
as these are
disease. Hepatic disturbances.e.
signs of toxicity.
or severe renal
disease. •Tell the client
to report
•Liver toxicity
paleness,
(hepatocyte
weakness and
necrosis) may
heart beat skips
occur with doses
not far beyond •Tell the client
labeled dosing. to report
abdominal pain,
jaundice, dark
urine, itchiness
or clay- colored
stools.
•Tell the client
that
Phenmacetin
may cause urine
to become dark
brown or wine-
colored.
•Tell the client
to report pain
that persists for
more than 3-5
days
•Tell the client
that this drug is
not for regular
use with any
form of liver
disease because
it might cause
further damage.


Action
Classification: Indications Side Effects:  tell the •Consider the

Macrolide doctor and 10 Golden
Generic Name: Pneumonia, lower Stomach pharmacist if
Antibiotic Rights of
Azithromycin respiratory tract upset, you are
allergic to administering
infections, diarrhea/loose
azithromycin, medication
pharyngitis, stools, nausea,
clarithromyci
Brand Name: tonsillitis, vomiting, or n (Biaxin, in •Culture site of
Zithromax Mechanism of gonorrhoea, abdominal Prevpac), infection before
Action: nongonococcal pain may dirithromycin therapy.
urethritis, skin and occur. If any of (not
Macrolide available in •Administer on
Dosage: skin infections due these effects the U.S.),
antibiotic that an empty
to staphylococcus persist or erythromycin
500mg reversibly stomach 1 hour
aureus. worsen, tell (E.E.S.,
binds to the ERYC, before or 2-3
your doctor or
s25 ribosomal Erythrocin), hours after
pharmacist
Route: subunit of telithromycin meals; it should
Contraindications: promptly. (Ketek; not
susceptible never be taken
PO available in
organisims and Contraindicated with food. Take
the U.S.),
consequently with any other the full course
inhibits hypersensitivity to medications, prescribed,.
Frequency: or any of the
problem azithromycin, Adverse Food affects the
OD for 7 days synthesis. Reaction: ingredients absorptive
erythromycin or in
Effective any macrolide CNS: Dizziness, azithromycin characteristic of

treatment of antibiotic. Use headache, tablets or this drug.
suspension
mild to cautiously with vertigo, (liquid).
moderate gonorrheaor somnolence,
infections syphilis fatigue,
caused by pseudomembrano  if taking an
GI: Diarrhea,
pyogenic us colitis hepatic. antacids
abdominal containing
organisms.
pain, nausea, aluminum
dyspepsia , hydroxide or
flatulence, magnesium
hydroxide
vomiting, (Maalox,
pseudomembr Mylanta,
anous colitis Tums,
others),
patient will
need to allow
some time to
pass
between
when taking
a dose of
these
antacids and
when inga
dose of
azithromycin
tablets or
liquid.
 Ask doctor or
pharmacist
how many
hours before
or after
taking an
azithromycin,
patient may
take these
medications.
The
extended-
release
suspension
may be
taken at any
time with
antacids.
Name of Drug Classification and Indication and Side effects or Adverse Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Contraindication Reactions
Action
Classification: Anti- Indications Adverse Reaction:  Dialyzable drug: No  Drugs can be used alone or
Hypertensive  Overdose S&S: with other anti-
Generic  Neuropathy  CNS: Headache,
Hypotension, hypertensives.
Name: with patients dizziness, syncope,
tachycardia,  If antihypertensive effect is
Losartan with type 2 insomnia
Mechanism of bradycardia inadequate using once-daily
Potassium diabetes  CV: edema, chest pain
Action: does, a b.i.d. regimen using
 EENT: nasal
 Especially tell your the same or increased total
Inhibits congestion, sinusitis,
doctor if you are daily dose may give a more
Brand Name: vasoconstrictive  To reduce risk pharyngitis, sinus
taking: satisfactory response
and aldosterone- of stroke in disorder
Cozaar  Monitor patient’s BP closely
secreting action of patients with  Dermatologic: Rash,  potassium
to evaluate effectiveness of
angiotensin II by hypertension pruritus, alopecia, dry supplements
therapy.
blocking and left skin  salt substitutes
Dosage: 50mg  When used alone, drugs has
angiotensin II ventricular  GI: diarrhea, containing potassium
less of an effect on BP in
receptor on the hypertrophy abdominal pain,  other medicines that
black patients than in
surface of vascular nausea, constipation, may increase serum
Route: PO Contraindications: patients of other races.
smooth muscle and dyspepsia potassium
 Monitor patients who are
other tissue cells  Contraindicate  Musculoskeletal:  water pills (diuretics)
also taking diuretics for
d with patients muscle cramps,  lithium (a medicine
Frequency: symptomatic hypotension.
hypertensive myalgia, back or leg used to treat a certain
OD  Regularly assess patient’s
drugs pain. kind of depression)
renal function (via
 medicines used to
 Respiratory: cough, treat pain and creatinine and BUN levels).

URI arthritis, called non-  Patients with severe HF
 Concomitant
steroidal anti- whose renal function
use with
inflammatory drugs depends on the
aliskiren is
(NSAIDs), including angiotensin-aldosterone
contraindicate
COX-2 inhibitors system may develop acute
d in diabetic
 other medicines to renal failure during therapy.
patients
reduce blood Closely monitor patient’s BP
pressure renal function, and
potassium levels, especially
 Use cautiously
during first few weeks of
in patients with
therapy and after dosage –
impaired renal
adjustments.
or hepatic
function
Name of Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

Drug and Mechanism Contraindication Adverse Precautions Responsibilities
of Action Reactions
Classification: Indications Adverse  Serious  Monitor

Mucolytic Reaction: anaphylactoid cough type
Generic  Adjunctive
reactions, and frequency
name: Mechanism of therapy for  CNS: fever,
including rash,  Monitor
Action: abnormal drowsiness
N- hypotension, patients for
viscid or  CV: chest
Acetylcyst Reduces viscosity dyspnea, and bronchospas
of pulmonary thickened tightness,
eine wheezing have m, especially
secretions by mucous flushing,
been if patient has
splitting disulfide secretions in tachycardia,
reported. asthma
linkages between patients with edema
Brand  Reactions  Ingestion of
mucoprotein pneuomonia,  EENT:
name: usually occur more than
molecular bronchitis, rhinorrhea,
complexes, Also, 30 to 60 150 mg/kg of
Acetadot bronchiectasis, pharyngitis,
restores liver minutes after acetaminophe
e, primary throat
stores of start of n may cause
Cetylev, amyloidosis of tightness
glutathione to infusion and hepatotoxicity
Parvolex the lung, TB,  GI: nausea,
treat may require .
cystic fibrosis, stomatitis,
acetaminophen treatment and  Measure
toxicity
emphysems, vomiting
drug acetaminophe
Dose: atelectasis,  Respiratory:
discontinuatio n level 4 hours
pulmonary bronchospas
60 mg 1 n. after ingestion
complications m, cough,
tab in ⅓  Use cautiously to determine
of thoracic dyspnes,
glass of surgery or CV rhonchi in elderly or risk of

water surgery  Skin: debilitated hepatotoxicity
 Diagnostic clamminess, patients with  See
bronchial pruritus, rash, severe manufacturer’
Route: studies urticarial respiratory s information
 Routine  Other: insufficiency. for nomogram
Oral
tracheostomy anaphylactoid  Use I.V. form for estimating
care reactions, cautiously in potential for
 Acetaminophe chills, patients with hepatotoxicity
Frequenc
n toxicity. hypsensitivity asthma or from acute
y:
reaction history of acetaminophe
Contraindications:
OD at bronchospasm n ingestion
bedtime  Contraindicate , in those and need for
d in patients weighing less acetylcysteine
hypersensitive than 40 kg. therapy.
to drugs. and in patients  Drug is used
requiring fluid for
restriction acetaminophe
 Dialyzaable n overdose
drug: yes within 24
hours of
ingestion.
Start drug
immediately;
don’t wait for
the results of
acetaminophe
n level.
 For suspected
acetaminophe
n overdose,
obtain INR
and AST, ALT,
bilirubin, BUN,
creatinine,
glucose, and
electrolyte
levels.
 Flushing and
skin erythema
may occur
within 30-60
minutes of
start of I.V.
infusion and
usually
resolve
without
stopping
 When
acetaminophe
n is below
toxicity level
according to
nomogram,
stop therapy
 Don’t confuse
acetylcysteine
and
acetylcholine.

Action
Classification: Indications Adverse  Should >Assess type,

Mucolytic Reaction: bronchospa frequency, and
Generic name: Mechanism of Acetylcysteine is > fever sm occur, characteristics

Action: used mainly as a the of patient’s
N-Acetylcysteine > drowsiness
mucolytic and in treatment cough.
Acetylcysteine
may protect
the management > tachycardia must be
>Monitor
against of paracetamol suspended
Brand name: > dyspnea patient for
acetaminophen (acetaminophen) immediately
tachycardia
Exflem overdose- overdose. > rash
induced >Monitor for
Contraindications: > chills
hepatotoxicity S&S of
Dose: by maintaining Hypersensitivity to aspiration of
or restoring acetylcysteine; excess
60 mg 1 tab in ⅓ hepatic patients at risk of secretions, and
glass of water concentrations
gastric for
of glutathione.
hemorrhage; bronchospasm
It does this by
producing the
(unpredictable);
Route:
glutathione withhold drug
Oral precursor Use cautiously in and notify
cysteine. elderly or physician
Glutathione is debilitated immediately if
Frequency: required to patients with either occurs.
inactivate an severe respiratory
OD at bedtime intermediate >Instruct patient
insufficiency;
metabolite (N- to notify
acetyl-p- prescriber
benzoquinonei immediately
mine) of about nausea,
acetaminophen rash or vomiting

that is thought
to be
hepatotoxic.

Drug Study - Pneumonia

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ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

Name of Drug Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

Generic Name Classification: Indications Side Effects: Excessive •Consider the

then prn clients in liver damage fatality (often milk to minimize

Name of Drug Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

and Contraindication Adverse Precautions Responsibilities

Classification: Indications Side Effects:  tell the •Consider the

Effective any macrolide CNS: Dizziness, azithromycin characteristic of

 Respiratory: cough, treat pain and creatinine and BUN levels).

Name of Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

Classification: Indications Adverse  Serious  Monitor

glass of surgery or CV rhonchi in elderly or risk of

Name of Drug Classification Indication and Side effects or Special Nursing

Classification: Indications Adverse  Should >Assess type,

Generic name: Mechanism of Acetylcysteine is > fever sm occur, characteristics

acetaminophen rash or vomiting

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