Research Activity

Activity #1

Using the knowledge, you have acquired above, answer the following questions:

 What are the most common sources of knowledge? List them.

memory
 Consciousness
 Perception
 Pragmatism
 Reason
 Intuition
 Authority
 Tradition
 Personal experience
 Trial
 Error
 Logical reasoning
 Scientific empiricism/ research

 Which of them do you think is most commonly used in your community?

- Well for me, personal experience is the most commonly used in the community.
 Which of them do you normally rely on for new information? Why? Errors, because when I've
got errors I learn on it like I understand how e get errors and correct it and by doing that I
already acquired new information.

Write a 100 words essay containing your answer

 In the essay, identify the strengths and weaknesses of the sources you have listed.
Well, it is obviously sees that all of them are useful in our daily living specially in terms of
gathering informations like it will make us sourceful and very informative being. Those sources
of informations are can give us an exact informations if we google our time on it and if we are
committed to learn on it. But the weaknesses is we put to much effort and time on it for the
better information which we want to have and there are some of that are BIAS or shall we say a
one sided information like the information that came from Intuition and then the study design
contains a potential for selection bias, but the researchers didn’t address this potential in the
study. And when we say gathering informations, all of those sources we have are all have a
questions which makes the population too broad, too narrow, or specific characteristics are too
vague such that possible findings will be inconclusive.
-
Fill out the following form summarizing what you have learned about sources of knowledge.

Source of Used in I rely on this source of…. Strengths Weaknesses

Community (type of information)
Knowledge
1.tradition Find expression Newspapers, radio, Strength- cultivate
in culture, television and etc. interpersonal skills
stories, Weakness- narrow a
language that variety of interaction
falls under the
category of
traditional
cultural
expression
2.authorities Claims that Books, journals Strength – it dispersed
actors within encyclopedias, and new ideas rapidly and
the research handbooks widely and serves as
process an impetus for
knoledge
Weakness-
Researchers can be
spammed by open
access publishers.
3.personal It includes own Interview, internet, reports Strength- found
experience experience different context
which is called Weaknesses-
anecdotal
evidence
4.intuition Obtains the Interview, internet resources Strength – deeper
knowledge that feeling in knowing
cannot be Weaknesses- it drains
acquired either another person’s
by inference, emotions
by reason or
experience.
5.trial Studies new Medical, treatment, hospital Strength- have more
tests, and regular tests, which
evaluates the some people find
effects. reassuring
Weakness- the trial
may not be available
at a convenient
location.
6. error It results in Surveys, collecting data, Strength-researcher
measures statistics, interviewers began to look at what
values that learners actually said
consistently and wrote.
too high or too Weakness- cause of
low errors often appears
to be indeterminate
7. logical People use to Facts, data, internet, Strength- it gives
 reasoning arrive at arguments, books correct conclusion as
specific long as you have all
conclusion. the necessary
premises.
Weaknesses-

Activity #2

• Study reading #1 and answer the following question in an essay of about 100 words:• What are the
characteristics of research that make it more reliable and objective than the other sources of
knowledge?

Well, research is made by not focusing on one idea but in a numbers of ideas because it
composed of different experiences and knowledge of different people who are involved on
specific research. And it is truth seeking activity that can help you to understand things, which
one of the reason that makes research realible and objective because if we say research we try
to investigate the truth and if you are not looking for the truth, it cannot be called a research.
Then another reason why it is reliable and objective because it is not just facilitate by a common
people but those people who have higher thinking skill and it is governed by those with high
level of proficiency or expertise. Research is bound to have reliable sources of information
examples of this are: official website, known organizations, reputable journals and new sources.

Activity 3

Study reading #2 and use it to complete the table below.

Type of Research Major Assumptions Strengths Weaknesses

It features social Develop knowledge by it makes a lot of
environment constitute collecting numerical respondents like 1-100.
Quantitative
an independent reality data
and re relatively
constant across time
and settings.

It features of the social Develop knowledge by It should more in

environment are collecting primarily analyzing data and
Qualitative
constructed as verbal data through make critical thinking
interpretations by the intensive study of because you are only
individuals and that cases and then one to do statistic.
these interpretations subjecting this data to
 tend to be transitory analytic induction.
and situational.

Mixed Methods

Activity 4

a) The following is a list of researches that have been conducted on critical thinking. What is the aim of
each and justify why you say so? Remember that some of the titles may have morethan one aim.i)
Assessing university students’ general and special critical thinking.

- the aim of this is to let the students think in a more rational and clear way. It is aimed because it is
important for students as it gives the ability to think in the right way and solve problems in a more
efficient and methodical way.ii) Critical thinking among university students: Does family background
matter?

- the aim of this is to know the difference background of the students specially the students situations
towards his or her family relationships and treatment and understand if family background is matter, by
doing that as teacher we can easily find some strategy to approach our students in the best way.

iii) A look across four years at the disposition toward critical thinking among undergraduate students.

- the aim is to understand the ideas and ideals of scholarship that enlighten the understanding of
curriculum that reaches beyond disciplinary and professional concentrations to provide an
undergraduate educational commons. The journal’s research, essays, forums and reviews engage
academic communities and others in deliberations about general education experiments and
innovation, as well as considerations of general education assessment, history, philosophy and
theoretical perspective. The journal values general education as a cornerstone of the arts of liberty and
social justice and as a conservator of enlightened engagement.v) Courses and instructions affecting
critical thinking

- the aim of this is to investigated how different types of courses and instructional techniques affect
students'self-reported growth in critical thinking like monitor every improvemet or deteriorate of
students critical thinking based of his or her course and instructions. Moreover, self-reported growth in
criticalthinking is positively related to having a entrance exam. It's suggest that the impact of classroom
experiences on students' abilities to think critically is far weaker than one might expector hope.b)
Assume you have organized a research project. Write a 250-word essay indicating the paradigm that
you will follow and why. In the essay also indicate the ethical issues that you willaddress and why.

Is student-centred learning effective?

First let us identify what is students centered learning, It has several ways that student-centered
learning can be described, and they all lead back to the same basic idea, the student. First, student-
centered learning can be defined as a discipline that involves the interaction of a team of students that
experience creative learning to be used in the real world (Thornburg, 1995). Thornburg (1995) also
mention that students are essential to the classroom, just like a team member is essential to a game. He
says that teachers are part of the definition of student-centered learning, but they are not the main
attraction. The students are the focus, and the teacher is the one who can assist among small groups of
students and it is like a learning cycle that was engaged of 5th grade. And it has benefits of using a
student-centered approach to teaching, like it can Improvements in students’ communication and
collaboration skills, Advances in students’ ability to think and work independently, Increased student
interest in school activities and education in general and also stronger relationships between students
and teachers through shared experiences but the problem is that that Student Centered Learning will
increase noise and chaos in school learning spaces it may look not good. And this learning consumed a
lot of time for the better result and also students need for comfortable place where they can do their
discussion. Learner centered methods have repeatedly been shown to be superior to the traditional
teacher-centered approach to instruction, a conclusion that applies whether the assessed outcome is
short-term mastery, long-term retention, or depth of understanding of course material, acquisition of
critical thinking or creative problem-solving skills, formation of positive attitudes toward the subject
being taught, or level of self-confidence in knowledge and skills.