LABORATORY WORK No.

2
THE FIRST STEPS IN USING CALCULATION SHEETS
 
2.1 MS Excel Interface 2016  
2.2 Creating, saving and closing the calculation register  
2.3 Working with data in spreadsheets  
2.4 Data formatting  
 
Objectives:
to identify the technologies for introducing formulas;         
to have different ways of copying them;         
to use with effect and efficiency various formulas for organizing calculations in the process
of processing and analyzing information;         
to define and use correctly the effect of modifying the references in the process of copying,
permuting and inserting cells, columns, rows;         
to define the differences between the mixed, relative and absolute cell references ;         
to apply the correct types of cell reference;         
to efficiently exploit the Paste Special option for the actions of copying and establishing the links
between various domains of cells, sheets, files;         
to enter data series by different methods and to determine correctly the direction on rows and
columns of the elements of the one and two-dimensional tables ;         
to choose correctly and with high efficiency the appropriate functions for information processing
and analysis;         
in the calculation process to plan the efficient use of the Manual and Automatic calculation
regimes.         
 
2.1. THE FIRST STEPS IN USING CALCULATION SHEETS
 
Excel is one of the most popular applications in the Microsoft Office suite, which has
efficient means of processing numerical information, presented in the form of electronic tables. MS
Excel 201 6 allows the drafting of reports created on the basis of electronic tables, performing
mathematical, statistical and financial calculations, as well as the presentation of numerical
information in the form of diagrams.
 
 2.1.1. MS EXCEL INTERFACE 2016
The MS Excel 2016 application is launched as follows: Start/ALL Programs/Microsoft
Office/Microsoft Excel 2016.  After launching the application, on the screen will appear the Excel
starting window, that is represented in the Fig. 2.1.  This window includes 5 main
tabs: Home, New, Open   Account and Options.
 

FIG. 2. 1.  Startup Window of MS Excel 2016

 
The options offered by these tabs allow us to: create a new registry; accessing the various
templates proposed by the Office; online search for special templates; accessing previously created
documents; creating an Office account and setting various Excel properties.
As part of Microsoft Office, register calculation (Workbook) contains many common
elements and operations with other applications of this family. However, it also has elements that
are unique to it, especially the workspace, functions and tools for storing, processing and analyzing
large volumes of data. The Excel interface consists of two windows placed next to each
other. Outside - the software, inside - the spreadsheet.
 
 FIG. 2.2. Elements of the Excel interface
 
The Excel interface includes the following elements:
Title bar displays the name of the created workbook.                 
 Quick Access Toolbar (Quick Access Toolbar) is located in the upper left corner of the
window. By default, the shortcut bar contains the most commonly used commands: 
Save, Undo (cancel the last command) and Redo (restore the last command).                 
 Example 2. To increase the efficiency of working in Excel, other frequently used commands
can be added:
1) click the down arrow button in the Quick Access Toolbar  ;
2) choose More Commands from the menu;
3) from the drop-down menu in which Popular Commands  is initially selected , choose All
Commands ; all hidden commands in Excel will now be visible. (See Fig. 2.3);
4) the desired commands are searched in the list, for example: Select Current Region (select
the compact area of cells around the active cell) or Select Visible Cells (select only visible cells, not
hidden ones); click the Add  button to add each button to the list on the right side of the window; the
confirmation of the chosen options is done with the OK button.
 

FIG. 2.3 . Adding commands to the Quick Access Bar

 
Example 2. To cancel the customization options, follow the following steps:
1) Press the down arrow button of the Quick Access Toolbar                
2) Choose More Commands, from Excel Options window, in the Customizations
section select: Reset/ Reset only Quick Access Toolbar/OK button. (Fig. 2.4 )                
  

Fig 2.4 . Reset list options
 
Tab (tab) and Ribbon (ribbon) make up the menu. It is represented in the form of Tabs
(Home, Insert, etc.), which each contain a ribbon with command groups, called a ribbon. Ribbons
have the advantage of being context sensitive, depending on the command chosen the ribbon only
offers the relevant options in that context. The only menu is File, which includes work commands
with registers. (See Image 2. 5 )                 
 FIG. 2.5 File menu commands
 
Example 3. Ribbon - site can be hidden in order to increase workspace, this can be done in
several ways:
Using Ribbon options by accessing the button at the top right of the Excel window , which
include: Auto - hide Ribbon, Show Tabs, Show tabs and Commands.                 
 

FIG. 2.6 Ribbon display options
 
Using the context menu that appears by right-clicking on a tab name and choosing
the Collapse the Ribbon option.                 
 FIG. 2.7 Hiding Ribbon

Returning to the normal ribbon shape is done by double-clicking on a tab name or canceling
the Collapse the Ribbon command from the context menu.
 
Tell me search bar - is a novelty for the 2016 version, which helps us save time. This bar
allows us to look for options that either we don't know where they are or we don't know how to
execute them. Since we start typing the question, the application already offers suggestions related
to the question entered.                 

FIG. 2.8 Tell me search bar

 
Share - allows the simultaneous sharing and editing of a registry,  allows multiple people
to work simultaneously on the same registry. The condition is that this registry is saved in
OneDrive, and people have permission from the document’s author.                   
 
 FIG. 2.9. Share option
 
The context menu -   is a list with commands and options, that appears when you do right
click on the mouse on the selected.
 Formula bar -  allows you to display / edit the value or formula used in a cell. It has the
following components (see Fig. 2. 10):       

FIG. 2.10. Formula bar
1) Name Box  - located on the left side of the formula bar, displays the address of the active
cell, for example C5, or specifies the size of the selected range and allows fast movement
to a specific cell whose address is typed in the box. 
2)  The space for editing the  formula -here are displayed
values (texts, numbers, formula) written in the current cell.  Data entry can be either
directly in the cell or in the formula bar. Installing the writing mode in the cell might
be done by double- clicking on the selected cell or activating the F2 key, as a result
the cursor will appear inthe cell. To shift the regime of drafting the formula bar, just
execute a single click on the bar.               
3) The buttons for  editing  the formula - are visible only in the moment of entering the data
in the cell. 
 Insert Function - provides contextual assistance via the formula builder box;
  Enter () - serves to confirm the data entry or change the contents of the cell, its actions are
analogous to the action of the Enter  key .
  Cancel () - is used to cancel the last action (this can also be done with the Esc key).
 Spreadsheet (work window) presented in the form of a table divided into columns and
rows. Columns are marked with letters, rows - with numbers. The square formed at the intersection
of rows and columns is called cell. The current cell is marked with a thicker black border. Each cell
has an address, for example, the first cell has the address А1, because it is in column А and
row 2.                 
The application Excel provides several ways to view the spreadsheet. Each view has a
practical utility. We can also influence the size of the spreadsheet (large or small) by using
the Zoom tool in the status bar or in the View / Zoom tab (see fig. 2.11)

FIG. 2.11 . Spreadsheet view modes
 
Setting the view and view mode is done either from the View / Workbook Views  tab or using
the buttons in the status bar to the left of the Zoom button (see Fig. 2.12 ).
 FIG. 2.12 . Spreadsheet view modes
 
1) Normal - the data in the spreadsheet is displayed compactly, without header and footer
and without borders; allows a global view of the data for fast editing and processing.                
2) Page Layout  - the data is displayed as it will be printed to the printer, with page header
and footer.                
3) Page Break Preview - is the visualization mode specific to Excel, used for the correct
framing of data in printed pages; is used to specify the areas to be printed on each page.                
 The status bar is a horizontal zone located at the bottom of the window provides
information about the current status of window working (display mode, scale display).                 
 
2.1.2. CREATION, SAVE AND CLOSURE OF THE CALCULATION REGISTER
A spreadsheet is a file with the extension  .xlsx, (  x leter of extension,
means that the saved registry does not contain macros ), which may contain one or more
spreadsheets, where can be stored various types of data.
When launching MS Excel 2016, the Blank worbook template will be selected by default ,
which allows the creation of the new calculation register with the default name Book , followed by
the serial number of the registers created during the current Excel work session . If you want to
create a another spreadsheet, then we can use the following methods:
 Ctrl + N key combination                 
 File-> New menu                 
 As a result, a window opens on the screen from which you can choose the desired
option: Blank workbook - to create a new blank calculation register; Search for online templates -
to search for a template available online at templates.office.com .

FIG. 2.13 . Creating a new Workbook

A newly created spreadsheet is temporarily stored in the working memory of
the system. If computer turns off accidentally, the registry will be lost, that’s why is necessary to
store permanently on a storage device (main device the hard drive - internal hard disk), the registry
can be saved in several ways, for example:
  File/ Save; the key combination Ctrl + S; Save button from the quick access bar, if the
register has been previously saved and you want to save the updates (see Fig. 2. 14.).       
          

FIG. 2.14 . Save button in Quick Access Toolbar

 
 in case you want to save the new register, use the menu File/ Save as/ Browse (see Fig.
2. 15.)                 
 
 FIG. 2.15. Save As dialog box
 
After saving the workbook, its name will be automatically displayed in the title bar of the
Excel window.
To form a copy of the existing registry, select the Save As option from
the File menu . Choose a directory for storage, set the new name to File name and click
the Save button .
The closing of the MS Excel 2016 application is done through one of the following variants:
1)Click the Close button at the top right of the dialog box.

                 
2) Press the Alt + F4  keys.              
3) Select the Close option from the File menu.                
 A new workbook includes three spreadsheets (worksheets) by default, and their predefined
names are:  Sheet1, Sheet2, and Sheet3. To change the default number of sheets, you should:
 select Options from File menu;                 
 In the Excel options dialog box, choose General;                 
 In section When Creating new workbooks, change the number of sheets for option Include
this many sheets. (see Fig. 2. 16)                 

FIG. 2.16 . Setting the default number of sheets in the workbook.

 
Also, in this dialog box, Excel Options, you can customize the spreadsheet by changing the
background color, another novelty of the Excel 2016 version.
 

FIG. 2.17 . Customizing the workbook

 In the Personalize your copy of Microsoft Office section, select the desired color for
the Office Theme  option and finish the action by typing the OK button.
 
2.1.3. WORKING WITH DATA IN SPREADSHEETS (worksheets)
As mentioned above, a workbook consists of spreadsheets ( Sheet ), a spreadsheet is a
table. Excel tables are similar to databases, but are more predestined to perform mathematical and
statistical calculations. The primary actions that a user does during his working are: entering,
editing, copying, moving and deleting data in the  table.
Entering data in a cell
Numbers, text, formulas, functions can be included in the cell.  Select the desired cell and
enter the data using the keyboard. Entering the data ends by pressing the Enter or Tab  key. Editing
data in the cell is done by double-clicking on the cell or by pressing the F2 key .
Automatic completion of data series
This action can be performed using:  the fill handle , or Fill command from Editing
group of Home tab.
 

FIG. 2.18.  Fill Command  of the Editing group

 
Method 1 :  filling handle ,  is carried out as follows:
a) type the first two values of the series in two adjacent cells;
b) select these values;
c) put the mouse in the lower right corner of the selected cells until the cursor takes the shape
of a black cross + and drag down (column A, Fig. 2.19)

 
 Exercise 2. By using the fill guide, introduce data series as shown in Fig. 2.19.

FIG. 2.19 . Entering data series

Method 2 : The Fill-Series command involves the following actions :
a) the first element of the series is typed;
b) starting with the cell that contains the first value, select the range of cells that we want
to complete with the series values and choose the Home-> Editing-> Fill -> Series;
c)in the Series dialog box specify the direction: on rows ( Rows  ) or on the column
( Columns ), the type of series: linear ( Linear  ), of growth ( Growth ), temporal ( Date ) or
automatically identified ( AutoFill - allowed only at pre-selection of the domain).
In the Data unit group, the increment unit is set: day ( Day  ), working day ( Weekday ),
month ( Month ) or year ( Year  ).
Mark Trend if you want to generate a series of trends.
Step value - enter the value of the increment step (it can be negative).
Stop value - enter the stop value (required when not starting with a selected range).
 
Exercise 2. Enter the data series shown in Fig. 2.20 applying the second method.

FIG. 2.20. Series dialog box
 Select cells, columns, rows and sheets
 To perform an action in the spreadsheet, firstly is necessary to select, all possible selections
are shown in Table 2.1.
 
Table 2.1. Selection methods
To select Action
- click on the cell;                     
A cell - typing the cell address in the Name Box (see Fig. 2.10) and pressing
the ENTER key .                     
- click on the first cell of the range to be selected and holding down the left
mouse button move the mouse pointer to the last right cell of the range, then
A group of cells
release the mouse button ;                     
(range)
- Select the first cell, then press the SHIFT key to expand the selection with
the →, ↓ keys.                     
Several non- - select the first range, then with the CTRL key pressed select the other
adjacent areas ranges.                     
Row, column or
- click on the row or column label.                     
sheet
- click on the button at the intersection of row and
The entire
column labels.                     
spreadsheet
(worksheet)

- Click on the label first sheet, then press CTRL down to select its other label

Grouping
sheets forming the group. Ungrouping is done with a mouse click on a sheet
spreadsheets
outside the group or the Ungroup Sheets option in the context
(worksheet)
menu.                     
 
Moving, copying and winding operations
Because MS Excel is a program that is part of the MS Office family, many actions are
performed similar to the actions of other applications, such as Word, Access.
Copy and move operations can be performed using the clipboard (see Fig. 2.21). The
clipboard is a virtual memory of the operating system, which is accessible to all applications
running, these applications can transfer information within the same file from one file to another, in
the same application or in other applications. In the last versions of Office was able
to transit only a single element in the clipboard, and when a new copy or move was performed, then
the previous item was overwritten.
 In the newest versions, the clipboard allows to store almost 24 elements,
these elements are displayed in the Office Clipboard panel of activity. Adding an element in
the clipboard is done by copying or by movement. When the panel is full, the insertion of new
element, implies the elimination of the oldest one.

FIG. 2.21 . Clipboard panel
 
Other methods for copying, moving, and clearing are: key combinations, context menu, and
buttons from the Clipboard  group of the Home  tab. The data can be moved or copied to the same
spreadsheet, to different spreadsheets of the same workbook (register) or to another workbook.
Data movement refers to changing the position of the data in the spreadsheet and is
performed as follows:
a) select the data field, then press the Cut button available in the clipboard button group;  
b) select the cell where to place the result and press Paste button.
c) You can also use the context menu commands or the key combinations Ctrl + X  to cut
and CTRL + V  to paste.  
 
Exercise 3. Apply moving, copying, and deleting operations to the data series shown
in Fig. 2.19 , by using the tools from the Clipboard group .
 
 The movement of the worksheets is performed by selecting and moving the label sheet in the
required location.
The data is copied as follows:
a) Select the cells group;                
b) Click right mouse button to call up the context menu, choose Copy;                
c) Select the cell to place the copied data, click right mouse button to call up the context
menu, and choose Paste Options (see Fig. 2 2 2).                 
 

FIG. 2.22 . The context menu called for a cell

 
The Paste Options command includes the following buttons:
pasting the contents of the copied cells, keeping
Paste
their format.         
pasting the contents of the copied cells, not
Values keeping their format.         
pasting only the copied formulas, without
Formulas
preserving the cell formatting.         
performs the inversion of the rows with the
Transpose
columns and vice versa.         
keeps only the formatting of the data, without
Formating
pasting their content.         
makes a connection between the data from the
Paste link
initial cell and the cell where the pasting was
performed.         

Other attachment options can be found in the Paste Special command in the context menu
(see Fig. 2.23 .).
 FIG. 2.23. Paste Special  options
 
To view the paste result, just hold the mouse button for a few seconds.
 
Exercise 4. Apply moving, coping, and deleting operations to the data series shown
in Fig. 2.19, by using the context menu.
 
Copying worksheets. Select the sheet label and move it to the desired position by holding
down the Ctrl key. Another way is to use the Move or Copy option of the context menu.
 
Inserting, deleting, resizing operations
Insert a worksheet is performed by one of the following methods:
 Right click on the label of a spreadsheet, from the context menu select the
option Insert- > Worksheet, then type the OK button.                 
 the Shift + F11 key combination.
 the New sheet button, (see Fig. 2. 2 4 ).                 
 
Inserting rows / columns can be done by one of the following methods:
 Select label row / column, right click and from the context menu select Insert,  (see Fig.
2.25).                 
 FIG. 2. 24.  New sheet Button

FIG. 2.25 Adding rows / columns using the

Context Menu
 
 select the row or column label, from the Cells group of the Home tab select
the Insert option, (see Fig. 2.26). Note that the new rows / columns will be placed before the
selected rows / columns.                 
 

FIG. 2.26 Adding rows / columns with the Insert t option in the Cells group

 
Inserting the cells is done by following the following steps: select the cells that are in the
position where the empty cells are desired, in the Cells group of the Home tab select the arrow of
the Insert option . From the drop-down list to select Insert cells as a result will
appear box Insert, which will select the desired action to be  performed on celulel or marked by the
introduction of November , and then be completed by typing the OK button (see Fig. 2.27) .    
 
 FIG. 2.27 Adding cells with the Insert option from the Cells group
 
Deleting data, select the cell or cell range, and press the Delete key.
To delete cells, select the cell or cell range and  choose the Delete option from the context
menu. The Delete dialog box will open (see Fig. 2.28 ) in which the desired option is chosen: Shift
cells left - the liquidated cells will be replaced with the right one, Shift cells up - the liquidated cells
will be replaced with the lower ones or Entire row - to delete the row or Entire column - to delete
the column.

FIG. 2.28 . Delete dialog box
 
The difference between the Delete key and the Delete option of the context menu, is that the
first deletes only data, but the second deletes the cells together with data.
The deleting of  the  rows (columns) is performed in the following way: select the
label of the row (column), then from the context menu choose the Delete option.
The deleting of the spreadsheet is done by right-clicking on the sheet label, from the context
menu choose the Delete  option.
Changing the size of columns and rows
Each workbook has the same width for the columns and the same height for the rows, thus,
because the size is set by the default for all workbooks: for the column 64 pixels, and for the row 20
pixels. The width of a column can be changed from 0 to 255, which is the number of characters that
can be displayed in a cell formatted with a standard font. The height of a row can vary from 0 to 409
points. If the height is 0, then row or column is hidden.
Changing the cell size can be performed:
a) manually - by moving the demarcation between columns or rows with the help of the
mouse.                

FIG. 2.29 . Manually changing the size of the columns

 b) automatically - using Row Height and Column Width of the tab Home-> Cells->
Format or context menu.                

FIG. 2.30. Automatically changing the column size

 
Exercise 5. Applying the above-mentioned tools (options), perform the following actions:
a) in the current register add two new spreadsheets;                 
b) rename the sheets, from Sheet1, Sheet2, .. to worksheet1, worksheet2, ...;                
c) group sheets 1,3,5;                 
d) set the width of the column B - 25 pixels;                
e) for row 2 set the height to 30 pixels;                 
f) ungroup the grouped sheets;                  
g) color the labels of the sheets with different colors;                 
h) hide column C and row 3 of Sheet1;                
i) delete Sheet 2;                  
j) restore the hidden elements;                  
k) make a copy of the current workbook.                
  2.1.4. DATA FORMATING
 Data formatting is called the action of changing the data presentation in the workbook
( color, size, formatting numbers, adding borders, alignment, etc.). Data formatting allows you to
present the information in a more understandable and interesting way. Excel uses three main types
of data: numeric - which can be used in calculations, text - which cannot participate in numerical
calculations and logical - used in logical expressions that have only two possible values (TRUE -
true, FALSE - false).
There are various ways to change the look of the data in Excel. Changes can be made
manually, automatically based on a set of templates.
 
Formatting numerical values
The numerical format is used to change the look of numbers, including date and time, but
does not change the numerical value. For example, the number 0.08 ( Number format ) can be
reflected as 8% ( Percentage format ).
To format numerical data in a cell or cell range, you should perform the following steps:
a) select the cell or cell range;                
b) apply Format Cells  (see Fig. 2.31 ) through one of the following variants:                
  Home tab/Cells  section / Format button, from the drop-down list select the Format
Cells option .
 Format cells from the context menu;
 Typing the key combination CTRL + 1;
c) from the Number page the desired category is selected, here are presented the format of
the
following categories: General (common), Number (numerical), Currency (monetary), Accounting  (f
inancial), Date (date), Time (percentage ), Percentage  ), Fraction, Scientific (Exponential), Text, Sp
ecial, Custom;                 
d) establish the corresponding parameters;                
e) activate the Ok button.                 
 FIG. 2.31. Format cells dialog box, Number page
 
The Number group in the Home tab (see Fig. 2.32 ) includes the following buttons that can
be applied to formatting numerical data :

FIG. 2.32 . Group of Number  buttons on the Home tab.

 
Exercise 6. Draw the table in Fig. 2.33 following the instructions:
a) write the data in the field B1: B9;                
b) copy the data from the range B2:B9 to the range C2:C9;                
c) for the data in the range C2:C9 apply styles described in the range D2:D9.                 
 FIG. 2.33 . Examples of numeric formats
 
Align data in the cell
The text alignment options available in the Alignment group on the Home tab (see Fig.
2.34 ) allow you to align the content vertically and horizontally, to rotate the text, to align the
content to the left / right or to the top/bottom of the cell, and wrap the text in several rows within
the same cell, to merge cells.
 

FIG. 2.34. Alignment group on the Home tab
 
The full version of these formatting options can be found on the  Alignment  page  of Format
Cells dialog box (see Fig. 2.35):
 
 FIG. 2.35.  Format cells dialog box, Alignment page
 

FIG. 2.36. Arranging data in cells

 
Example 4. In order to elaborate the table “Evidence of notes” from Fig. 2.36 the following
steps will be taken:
1. The information is collected in the worksheet as shown in Fig. 2.37.
 FIG. 2.37. Placing the information in the worksheet at the initial stage
 
2. Wrap the text in cell A2 so that the contents do not exceed the width of the column :
 select cell A2;      
 call Format Cells /Alignment  page ;      
 check the Wrap text option.      
The same action is performed by using key combination Alt-Enter.
3. Align vertically the text in range C2: F2:
 select C2: F2;      
 Format Cells/Alignment  page ;      
 in the Orientation  section, choose the orientation angle (Degrees) of the text - 90º.     
4. Join the cells A1: A2, B1: B2 and C1: F1  (see Fig. 2.37 ):
 select cells A1: A2;      
 call Format Cells-> Alignment page;      
 check the Merge cells option, in the Text alignment section, for the horizontal and
vertical choose center option. Another way to join and center cells is the Merge and

Center  button in the Alignment group on the Home tab.       

5. Change the width of columns B: E:
 select column  B: E;      
 from the context menu choose the option Column Width ..., in the box with the same
name enter 4.      
6. Borders are added as follows:
 select the whole table (A1: F7),      
 call Format Cells-> Border page;      
 select the style, color of the rows and add the borders by pressing
the management buttons (see Fig. 2.38 ).      
  

FIG. 2.38. Quick border management options

Another way to add borders is the Font group - the button  on the Home tab.

7. The workbook is saved on the current disk as "Note Records".
Copying the format of a cell to another cell or group of cells, is done as follows:
1. select the cell whose format you want to copy;
2. press the Format Painter button in the Home  tab, Clipboard group (see Fig. 2. 3 9 );
3. select the cell or group of cells that you want to apply the same format.

FIG. 2.39. Format Painter button FIG. 2.40. Clear Formats command.

 
The format applied to a range is deleted in the following way:
1. select the range whose format to delete;
2. select the Clear Formats option (see Fig. 2.40) from the list that appears when you press
the Clear button in the Editing group, of the Home  tab.
Formatting styles
For quick formatting, Excel provides us with a gallery of styles, which are stored in
the Styles group of the Home tab (see Fig. 2.41):
1. Select the required range;
2. Home tab -> Styles group -> Cell Styles / Format as Table button;
3. Select the desired format. In the Live Preview section, you can see the impact of the style on
the range.
 Conditional Formating - allows conditional
formatting.
Format as Table - allows formatting of a specific
area as an intelligent  table.
FIG. 2.41. Styles group of Cell Styles - includes predefined formats for cells.
the Home tab

Conditional formatting is a special format that can be applied to one or more cells that are
subject to one or more user-specified conditions. It includes several options (see Fig. 2. 4 2).
 

FIG. 2.42.  Conditional Formatting options.

 
Example 5. In the Evidence of grades table, the cells with Disciplines grades lower than five
were colored in red. In the Average grade column, was placed a colored bar, the length of which is
proportional to the average grade (see Fig. 2.43).
 FIG. 2.43. Evidence of grades Table.
1. Select the range C3: F7.
2. From the Home  tab ->  Styles group -> Conditional Formatting -> Highlight Cells Rules -
> Less Than.
3. Fill in the Less Than box (see Fig. 2.44 ) .
 

FIG. 2.44.  Less than dialog box.

4. Select the G3: G7 range.
5. From the Home  tab ->  Styles group -> Conditional Formatting -> Data Bars -> Green
Data Bar (see Fig. 2. 4 5).
 FIG. 2. 4 5. Data Bars options
 
Format as Table   - is a new generation tool (intelligent table) that stands out
with a number of advantages ( see Fig. 2. 46):
 presence of simple filter ;         
  extends and shrinks automatically, when records are added or excluded;         
 the incorporated styles facilitate the table look ;         
 formulas and formatting are completed automatically;         
 formulas are using the columns labels;         
 totals are incorporated and functions can be selected from the list.         

FIG. 2.46. Intelligent table
Example 6.  Using Format as Table, set a style for the table in Fig. 2.47 (B2: E7) .
  Select a cell from the table;                 
 From the Styles group of the tab, select Format as Table and choose a style, in our case
we will select Table Style Medium;                 
 box Format as Table area Where is the time for your table will check to or
modification of the table and will check the option My table has headers if the first row of the table
is the header line, see Fig. 2.47.                   
 Finish by pressing the OK button.                 
 

FIG. 2 . 47. The steps of creating the smart table

 
 FIG. 2.48.  Table Tools / Design tab
 
As a result, the header row includes drop down lists for simple filtering, ( see Fig. 2. 46).
On the ribbon appears  Table Tools and Design tab (to see Fig.2.48), for the table is given the
name: Table1. The Table Tools / Design tab,  includes tools for adjusting the intelligent table,  most
commonly used are presented in Fig. 2.4 8.
 
Self-assessment questions :
1. Identify the name of the document created in MS Excel application.
2. Name the elements of MS Excel interface.
3. Describe the components of the Formula Bar.
4. Argue the utility of applying methods for autocomplete data series.
5. Identify the actions of the context menu options called for: a cell, row, column, sheet.
6. Describe the Format Cells dialog box.
7. List the page options contained in the Format Cells dialog box.
8. Give examples with the conditional formatting.
9.  How can be copied / deleted the cell format?
10. Explain the difference between Delete from the context menu and Delete from the keyboard.