Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBALES
Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No. (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: zambales@deped.gov.ph
website: www.depedzambales.ph

Name: ______________________________________ Grade/Section__________

School: _____________________________________ Date: __________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 7

I. Introduction

Science probably began as a result of man’s curiosity and sense of

wonder of the universe about him. It is generated by man’s urge to explore and
to know- an urge that is within us all. This urge to discover and to learn allows
the scientists to explain the natural world.

How can a scientist explain the things that happen around us? Why is it
important to acquire the right attitude in doing an investigation? How can we
solve problems in a scientific way? When do scientific methods become
valuable? These are some of the questions that you are going to find answers in
this lesson.

Are you ready to find out the importance of scientific investigation in

your life?

II. Learning Competency

Describe the components of a scientific investigation (S7MT-Ia-1).

III. Objectives:
At the end of this learning activity, you are expected to:

a. define a scientific method;

1
 b. identify the components of scientific investigation;
c. conduct simple investigation following the steps in scientific
method; and
d. recognize the importance of scientific values in decision-making
and problem solving in daily life.

IV. Discussion
In Science, students and teachers sing a Science Song to review lessons.
So, let us start the lesson by singing the “Scientific Method Song”.

“Sistemang Harana”
(to the tune of “Harana” of Parokya ni Edgar)
Sa Siyensya, may Sistema
Sa paglutas ng problema
Dapat tukuyin kung ano itong
Mga problemang nakagulo
Identification ang tawag sa phase na ito.

Fomulate hypothesis
Generate ka ng list
Sunud-sunod subukin
Itesting, observing
At sa bawat trial nito
Tignan mo ang epekto
Kung iyan nga ang dahilan
O cause nito
Conclusion, Recommendation ang Direksiyon.

Do we follow certain steps or rules when we solve problems? Scientists

do. They use specific steps and logical approach in discovering and inventing
things. We might be doing the same but not as formal as what a trained
scientist does. We are not just aware that we are using even the basic steps in
scientific method in our everyday life.

2
The Scientific Method

Scientific Method is a procedure consisting of a series of steps with the

goal of problem-solving and information-gathering.

The Scientific Method is split up into the following steps:

1. Identifying problem or question

⮚ In this step, the researcher decides what problem he wants to
study. This may appear as a simple procedure, but is actually very
important. It identifies exactly what the researcher wants to learn,
and it allows him to focus only on that problem.

2. Observation about the problem

⮚ Data are gathered through the use of five senses and collecting
information about the question. This will help him/her in making a
hypothesis.
⮚ Observation is one of the most basic scientific skills of gaining
knowledge about something. It may involve watching, listening,
smelling, touching, and even tasting.
⮚ Inference is an interpretation of an observation.

3. Development of a hypothesis
⮚ Hypothesis is a guess made according to the background
information that has been gathered. However, it is not just a
simple guess to your problem. Instead, the hypothesis is an
educated or scientific guess. An important aspect of the hypothesis
is that it should answer the original question, and it should be
testable.

4. Design an experiment to test the hypothesis

⮚ Designing an experiment whose results will either support or
disprove the hypothesis. If the hypothesis is supported, then the
results of the experiment will indicate that the hypothesis is
correct. However, the results of your experiment can also prove
that the hypothesis is wrong.

5. Collecting data
⮚ Any pieces of information that you collect regarding the experiment
are called DATA. Data can be quantitative or qualitative. Data

3
 must be organized. It can be presented into charts, tables, or
graphs.
6. Draw conclusions from your data
⮚ Here, it is stated directly whether the hypothesis is accepted or
rejected. If the hypothesis is accepted, it should be repeated, since
one of the basic foundations of the scientific method is that it is
repeatable. The more an experiment is repeated, the more valid the
results are.

7. Communicate the result

⮚ Be prepared to present the project to an audience. Expect
questions from the audience. There is a need to communicate the
result of the scientific investigation especially in the presence of
experts to verify the validity of the result.

Scientific Method

Problem

Observation

Hypothesis

Experiment

Data

Conclusion

Communicate
the result

4
 Scientific method is a powerful tool for problem solving. But how do we
apply it in our daily lives? How can we be more efficient in solving our
problems?

We have all used scientific method in our lives in one form or the other.
To apply this method, we need to be calm in order to think logically and with
composure.

Example:

The light bulb is not glowing when

the switch is turned on. How do we
approach and solve this problem?
1. First, we identify the problem. Why is the light bulb not glowing
when the switch is turned on?
2. Second, we make an observation on the bulb and the switch.
3. Third, we formulate a hypothesis. Say, the bulb is busted.
4. Next, how do we test it? Conduct an experiment. Replace the bulb and
turn on the switch.
5. So, if the bulb glows, our hypothesis was correct, and we have solved the
problem.
6. But, if the bulb does not glow, we need to discard our first hypothesis
and propose a new and improved hypothesis.
7. Then, say the connections were faulty or wires are broken at some point.
8. Finally, we will arrive at an answer that will solve the problem.

Scientific Attitudes Scientific Values

Interested and curios Realizing that science is
Honest and accurate a means to understand
Diligent and responsible nature
Critical, analytical and Practicing a clean and
rational thinker healthy life
Flexible and open- Appreciating the balance
minded of nature and the
Objective, systematic, contribution of science and
cooperative technology
Fair and just Being respectful and
Confident and well-mannered
independent, Willing to try Being thankful to God

5
V. Activities
General Directions: Write all your answer in an activity notebook.

A. “Step-up”
Directions: Match the statements in Column A that correspond to the
given steps in Scientific Method in Column B. Write the letter of the
correct answer.

A B
1. After an experiment, Edwin accepts his
hypothesis that an increase in the amount OBSERVATION
of fertilizer dissolved in water will mean an
increase in the basicity of the solution. PROBLEM
INTERPRETING
2. Andy would like to help his dad repair
their car which is running poorly. He DATA
suggests that if they change the oil of the COMMUNICATING
car then it will function properly.
THE RESULT
3. After presenting the experimental results HYPOTHESIS
in table and graphs, Alex interpreted that
when the mass of the moving object is kept CONCLUSION
constant, the acceleration of a moving EXPERIMENT
object increases when the applied force
increases.

4. Five plants treated with the new fertilizer

were found to have strong stems while the
other five plants with the old fertilizer have
soft and easy to cut stems.

5. The scientists studying global warming

want to accurately predict what the average
temperature of the earth’s surface will be
100 years from now.

6. After conducting a scientific

investigation on durian as an effective
increaser of platelet count in rabbit, she
tells her parents and teacher about her
findings and prepares to present her
project in Science class and in scientific
community.

6
 7. To identify which combination of mineral
oil and “tanglad” extract will give the most
soothing effect in massage, Caroline
prepare 25%, 50%, 75% “tanglad” liniment
mixture.

8. If John added more sugar, then the

bread will rise higher.

9. If soil temperature rises, then plant

growth will increase.

10. Peter watches his grandmother bake

bread. He asks his grandmother what
makes the bread rise.

B. “Let’s Hypothesize”
Directions: Study the picture. Identify the problem and make your own
hypothesis based on the problem.

Problem:
______________________________________________________
Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________
Problem:
______________________________________________________
Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________

7
 Problem:
______________________________________________________
Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________
Problem:
______________________________________________________
Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________
Problem:
______________________________________________________
Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________
C. “Observation vs. Inference”
Directions: Classify the following as Observations or Inferences. Put
check (√) on the column of the correct answer.
Example:
Statement Observation Inference
The clouds are dark. √
It is going to rain. √

Statement Observation Inference

1. Hannah is a pet lover.
2. The bird hatched an egg in the birdhouse.
3. The vendor won a lottery.
4. The sprinkler was on.
5. She was pleased to receive a phone call.
6. The grass is wet.
7. I hear a ringing sound.
8. I feel that ice is cold when I touch it.
9. The footprints are 20cm long.
10. The animal was walking, not running.

D. “Am I Qualified?”

8
 Direction: Supply the bubble map by examining your own attitudes and
values based on the desirable scientific attitudes and values of a scientist.

Attitudes Values

E. ” Let’s Investigate”
Directions: Make your own simple investigation following the step in the
scientific method.

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

PROBLEM

OBSERVATION

HYPOTHESIS

9
 EXPERIMENT

DATA

CONCLUSION

COMMUNICATE
THE RESULT

VI. Assessment
A. Directions: Choose the letter of the
correct answer.
1. Dr. Jose Belo invented an airplane whose engine uses alcohol as fuel,
which of the following attitudes does this Filipino scientist have?
a. Creativity b. Honesty c. Hard work d. Perseverance

2. Which of the following is not considered as a step of the scientific

method?
a. Observing and stating the problem
b. Recording and analyzing the data
c. Converting all the measurements to metric units
d. Testing the hypothesis

3. Leonardo gave his tentative answer to the problem. Why is there a need
to give hypothesis as part of the procedures in the scientific method?
a. It is the answer to the problem
b. It is the source of data
c. It must agree with the data
d. It has to be accepted or denied

10
 4. “A/n _______________ is what you know because your senses tells you
so.”
a. Observation b. Inference c. Hypothesis d. Attitude

5. “I think.., It might, and probably” shows it’s a/an _______________.

a. Observation b. Inference c. Hypothesis d. Attitude

B. Directions: Match the following definitions in Column A with the

corresponding terms in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer.

B
A
1. Presentation of the result of the scientific
investigation especially in the presence of OBSERVATION
experts. PROBLEM
2. Here, it stated directly whether the INTERPRETING DATA
hypothesis is accepted or rejected. COMMUNICATING
3. This may be quantitative (numbers) or THE RESULT
qualitative. Must be organized. HYPOTHESIS
4. The results will either support or CONCLUSION
disprove the hypothesis. EXPERIMENT
5. A scientific guess which is made SCIENTIFIC METHOD
according to the background information SCIENTIFIC VALUES
that has been gathered.
INFERENCE
6. Data gathered through the use of five
senses and collecting information about the
VII. question. This will help in making a Reflection
hypothesis. Directions: Answer
7. It is an interpretation of an observation. the following
questions:
8. In this step, the researcher decides what
is that he wants to study.
1. What is Scientific
9. It is a procedure consisting of a series of Method?
steps with the goal of problem-solving and
information-gathering.
10. Appreciating the balance of nature and
the contribution of science and technology.

11
 __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. What are the Steps in Scientific Method?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. Enumerate the different scientific attitudes and values.

Scientific Attitudes Scientific Values

VIII. References
Learning Module Science G7. Makati City. Private Education
Assistance Committee. 2017.

Science-Grade 7 Learner’s Material. 1st Ed. Pasig City. Department of

Education. 2017.

12
Prepared by:

Eric James C. Abad

Teacher II
Jesus F. Magsaysay Technical-
Vocational High School
District of Castillejos

13