Mid-Semester Examination: CE361A | Engineering Hydrology

Full Marks: 30 | Time: 45 minutes | Answer all questions. Make suitable assumptions, wherever necessary. However, they
need to be mentioned explicitly within the answerscript.

1. The following mass-curve is obtained from a recording raingauge located within Kanpur city for a continuous rainfall
event of 36 hours:
6t 0 < t ≤ 6
36 6 < t ≤ 12
36 + 24(t − 12) 12 < t ≤ 18
180 + 12(t − 18) 18 < t ≤ 24
252 + 6(t − 24) 24 < t ≤ 30
288 30 < t ≤ 36
Compute the variation of maximum intensity and maximum depth with respect to duration.
[6]
2. An idealized square lake has a total area of 10 sq.km. There are 5 raingauges placed in the lake, 4 at corners and 1 at
the centre of the lake. The underlying soil may be conceptualized as a homogeneous media, has hydraulic conductivity
of 0.5 cm/hr, effective porosity 0.5, and suction head 15 cm. Initially the lake was completely dry, effective saturation
was 0.5. The lake is subjected to 10 hours of continuous rainfall. The mass curves produced by the recording raingauges
placed at the corners of the square are: t + 0.04t2 , t + 0.02t2 , t + 0.03t2 , t + 0.01t2 respectively. The mass curve of the
centred raingauge is: t + 0.03t2 . Using the aforementioned information, compute the following:
(a) The average hyetograph of the lake using theissen polygon method.
(b) The time instance when the lake starts to fill up.
(c) Storage volume after 10 hours of rainfall.
(d) φ− index of the storm. [3+5+5+2]
3. For a two-dimensional groundwater flow, write Darcy’s law for a generalized case.
[2]
4. An unconfined aquifer of clean sand and gravel is located between two fully penetrating rivers and has a hydraulic
conductivity of 10−2 cm/s. The aquifer is subjected to a triangular recharge of maximum rate 3.2m/year. The peak
of recharge occurs at L1 = 213m away from the river A. The length of the aquifer (L) is 460m. The water surface
elevations in rivers A and B are 8.5m and 10m respectively, above the datum. Estimate the maximum elevation of the
water table and its location and the travel time of water to both rivers from the location of maximum depth.

Figure 1: Aquifer between two rivers

[4 + 3]