CHAPTER 4

WORK AND ENERGY

QUESTION/ANSWER
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

NEERAJ GUPTA 2
 Q1
ANS: Work is said to be done following conditions must
satisfied:
1. Force must be applied on an object
2. The object must move in the direction of force.
Work done depends upon below two factors
1. The component of the force in the direction of the
displacement and the
2. Magnitude of this displacement.
 Q2
The work done by earth in moving around
sun is zero because the centripetal force acting
on the earth is perpendicular to the motion of
earth.
 Q3
The amount of energy possessed by a body is the
amount of work it can do when that energy is
released.
1 Joule : A body is said to possess 1 J of energy
if 1 N of force moves the body by a distance of 1
m in the direction of the force.
 Q4
Mechanical Energy: The energy possessed by a
body due to its state of rest or of motion is called
the mechanical energy.
Mechanical energy is of two types:
1. Kinetic energy
2. Potential energy
Example of Kinetic energy: swinging pendulum
Example of Potential energy : Bow and arrow
 Q5
S.No. ENERGY POWER

Energy is defined as the Power is defined as the rate at

1
capacity to do some work. which a specific work is done .

It depends upon time in which

It does not depends upon
2 work is done.
time

SI unit used is joules or SI unit used is watt or joules per

3
watt-seconds second
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

NEERAJ GUPTA 8
 Q1
Potential Energy : The energy possessed by a
body by virtue of its specific position or changed
configuration is called the potential energy.
A body has potential energy of two types:
(i) Gravitational potential energy.
(ii) Elastic potential energy.
 Q1 contd..
(a) Gravitational Potential Energy :The potential
energy possessed by a body due to its position
relative to the centre of the Earth is called its
gravitational potential energy.
Example : a stone kept at a height possess gravitational
potential energy.
(b) Elastic Potential Energy
• The potential energy possessed by a body in the
deformed state due to change in its configuration, is
called the elastic potential energy.
Example : a compressed spring possess the elastic
potential energy
 Q2
Let a body of mass m be lifted from the ground (or
Earth’s surface) to a vertical height h.
The work done W on the body in lifting it to h is

W = Force of gravity (mg) x displacement (h)

W = mgh
 Q2 contd…

There are 2 main factor on which gravitational

potential energy depends :
1. mass of the object- The more mass an object has,
the more gravitational potential energy it will
have.
2. The distance it is from the surface of the Earth-
The farther an object can fall, the more
gravitational potential energy it will have.
Q3
 Q3 contd..
At position P, the car has only potential energy . (say
it is equal to E1) and no kinetic energy. As the car
moves towards Q, its potential energy changes into
kinetic energy. Hence , at position Q , car possess
only kinetic energy equal to E2 and no potential
energy. Due to this kinetic energy, it rises to the
position R , during which this kinetic energy changes
into the potential energy . At position R , It has
potential energy equal to E2 and kinetic energy equal
to E1-E2. thus , the sum of its kinetic energy and
potential energy remains constant.
Q4
Q4 contd..