UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA DE EL ALTO

CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL

MATERIA: CALCULO II (MAT – 1102)

DOCENTE: LIC. LUIS GUTIERREZ

AUX. DOC.: UNIV. EDDY HUANCA VARGAS
FECHA DE ENTREGA:
TEMAS: VECTORES
GEOMETRIA ANALITICA DEL ESPACIO
FUNCION VECTORIAL DE VARIABLE ESCALAR

I. VECTORES
1. − 𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑎⃗ 𝑦 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 60°, 𝑠𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 ‖𝑎⃗‖ = 5 𝑦 ‖𝑏⃗⃗‖ = 8,

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟: ‖𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗‖ 𝑦‖𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗‖.

2. − 𝑆𝑖 𝐴⃗ 𝑦 𝐵
⃗⃗ 𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒: 𝐶⃗ = (𝑚 + 𝑛 − 1)𝐴⃗ + (𝑚 + 𝑛)𝐵
⃗⃗ 𝑦

⃗⃗ = (𝑚 − 𝑛)𝐴⃗ + (2𝑚 − 𝑛 + 1)𝐵

𝐷 ⃗⃗, ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚 𝑦 𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝐶⃗ = 3𝐷
⃗⃗ .
2
3. − 𝐸𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, 𝐸 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑎 ̅̅̅̅ ,
𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝐶 𝑎 𝐵, 𝐹 𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑜 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝐷𝐶
3
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑎𝐴𝐵
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒: 𝐸𝐹 ̅̅̅̅ + 𝑏𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅ .

4. − 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑢 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜.

II. GEOMETRIA ANALITICA EN EL ESPACIO

5. − 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑠 𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑎𝑔𝑎
𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠.
𝑎) 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 (1,2,1) 𝑦 (5, −1,1)
𝑏) 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (4, −5,20) 𝑦 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 6𝑧 − 8 = 0
𝑐) 𝑄𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (0,2, −1) 𝑦 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑎 (1, −3,4)
6. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 (1, −2,3) 𝑦 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠:
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 𝑧 − 3 = 0; 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 6𝑧 + 4 = 0.
6𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 − 4 = 0
7. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑃(7,7,4) 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 {
6𝑥 − 𝑦 − 2𝑧 − 10 = 0
8. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 (𝑠𝑖 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒) 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑠:
𝑥−4 𝑦−8 𝑧−3 𝑥−5 𝑦−9 𝑧−2
= = 𝑦 = =
2 3 −1 3 4 10
9. −𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝐴 𝑦 𝐶 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝐴𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝐶𝑧 − 6 = 0, 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎:
𝑥 = 1 − 𝑡, 𝑦 = 3 − 4𝑡, 𝑧 = −1 + 2𝑡
 𝑥+1 𝑦−6 𝑧−3 𝑥 − 6 𝑦 − 11 𝑧 − 3
10. −𝐷𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝐿1 : = = 𝐿2 : = = , ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜
3 1 𝑘 2 2 1
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑠.
11. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠: 𝐴(1, 0, −1)𝑦 𝐵(3, 0,2) 𝑦
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝑢𝑛 á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 60° 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜: 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 6 = 0

𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃.: 𝜋1 : (18 − √279)𝑥 + 𝑦 − (12 − √124)𝑧 − 30 + √775 = 0

𝜋2 : (18 + √279)𝑥 + 𝑦 − (12 + √124)𝑧 − 30 − √775 = 0

12. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎

(𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 + (𝑧 − 1)2 = 100 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 𝑧 + 9 = 0
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝑟 = 8, 𝑐 = (−1,2,3)
13. − 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 6𝑧 − 15 = 0 ,
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 6𝑧 + 55 = 0
RESP. : r = 5

14. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝐿 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4

𝑥 =4+𝑡
𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑟 = 1 𝐿: {𝑦 = 5 + 𝑡
𝑧=4
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃.: 𝜋1 : 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 3 = 0
𝜋2 : 13𝑥 − 𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 33 = 0
15. −𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 10𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 26𝑧 = 113
𝑥 + 5 𝑦 − 1 𝑧 + 13 𝑥+7 𝑦+1 𝑧−8
𝑦 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝐿1 : = = 𝐿2 : = =
2 −3 2 3 −2 0
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃.: 𝜋1 : 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 5𝑧 + 205 = 0
𝜋2 : 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 5𝑧 − 103 = 0

III. FUNCIONES VECTORIALES DE VARIABLE ESCALAR

16. −𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑓⃗(𝑡) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 𝑖⃗ + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑡 𝑗⃗
( 𝑥 + 𝑡 )2 − 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 𝑡 )3 − 𝑥 3 (𝑥 + 𝑡 )4 − 𝑥 4
17. −𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒: 𝐿 = lim ( 𝑖+ 𝑗+ 𝑘)
ℎ→0 𝑡 𝑡 𝑡

𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : < 2𝑥, 3𝑥 2 , 4𝑥 3 >

cos(𝑡) − √1 − 𝑡 𝑒 2𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡) − 𝑡
18. −𝐷𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝐹 =< , , >
𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑡) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡) ln(1 + 𝑡)
ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝐿 = lim(𝐹 ) 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑡 → 0
𝑡→0

1
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝐿 =< , 1,1 >
2
 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛4𝑡
19. −𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒: 𝑓 (𝑡) = 𝑖+ 𝑗+ 𝑘 𝑒𝑛 𝑡(0)
𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑡
2
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : < , 1,4 >
3

cos(𝑡) − √1 − 𝑡 𝑒 2𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑡)

⃗⃗ (𝑡) =<
20. −𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛: ℎ , , >
𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑡) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡) ln(1 + 𝑡)
ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑢 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑡 → 0
1
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝐿 =< , 1,2 >
2
3
21. −𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜: 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 8
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔. = 7.63 𝑢
22. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎, 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜: 𝑡 ∈ [0,2]𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙:
𝑡
𝑓⃗(𝑡) =< , ln(𝑡 + 1) >
𝑡+1
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 1.30 𝑢
23. −𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 25 𝑦 𝑧 = 3
𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝐿 = 8𝜋
24. − 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑟í𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑔𝑒𝑜𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑠:

𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝑃 = 32.94 𝑢

25. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠:

𝐹 =< 𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡), 1 − cos(𝑡) > 𝑦 𝐺 =< 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡) + 𝑡, cos(𝑡) − 1 >

𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃. : 𝑃 = 16 𝑢
26. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑇, 𝑁, 𝐵 𝑑𝑒 𝑟⃗ = (𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡)𝑖 + (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡)𝑗 + 𝑡𝑘 𝑒𝑛 𝑡 = 0
27. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑢𝑛 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑤𝑡; 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑤𝑡; 𝑧 = 𝑏𝑡
𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑤 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠.
1 1 9𝑡
28. −𝐷𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝐹 =< , , >, 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟:
2𝑡 4(𝑡 − 1) 𝑡 − 1
𝑎) 𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒, 𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙
𝑏) 𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝑜𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟, 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
1
𝑐) 𝐿𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎, 𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑦 𝑙𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜: 𝑡 =
2
29. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒, 𝐵𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠,
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒, 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝐵𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙, 𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎, 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑦 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖ó𝑛
𝜋
𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜: 𝑡 = , 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝑔⃗(𝑡) =< 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑡), 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑡), 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑡) >
2
⃗⃗⃗⃗(𝑡) 𝑥𝑓``
‖𝑓` ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗(𝑡) ‖ ⃗⃗
1 𝑑𝑇
30. − 𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑖 3 = ‖ ‖ , 𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑜, 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑣 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑧.
⃗⃗⃗⃗(𝑡) ‖
‖𝑓` 𝑣 𝑑𝑡