8/2/2017

Writing Galore
Marie Paz E. Morales

Writing galore…

The Title

The Introduction

The Methodology

The Results and Discussion

The Conclusion

The Recommendation

The References

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Your Title
• Single or double line
• Should be:
- Short;
- Reflective of the problem and the main variables of the study;
- Free of value judgment;
- Answers what, who and where questions; and
- Recommended length is 10 to 12 words.

More Points to Consider for Writing Titles

Write the title clearly and specifically.

Main concepts should be included.

The variables being investigated should by all means
be written as part of the title.

In case of studies where many variables are being
studied there must be some ways to choose terms
that will summarize these variables.

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Sample Titles
• Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT)- Influenced Case
Research of a Philippine Physics Class
• Does Gender Inequality Influence Interest in Pursuing a Career
in Science or Mathematics Teaching?
• Modeling SPARK Integration in Science Classroom
• Cultural and Epistemological Profile of Filipino Learners
• Exploring Indigenous Game-based Physics Activities in Pre-
Service Physics Teachers' Conceptual Change and
Transformation of Epistemic Beliefs

Sample Titles
• Exploring the Impact of Culture and Language Sensitive
Physics on Science attitude Enhancement
• Influence of Culture and Language Sensitive Physics on
Science Attitude Enhancement
• Are we there yet? - Exploring on-the-job Training of the
Philippine pre-service biology students.
• Promoting physics in action thru “Laro Ng Lahi-based”
physics activities.

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Sample Titles
• Examining Teachers' Conception of and Needs on Action
Research
• Tracing the Science Education Graduates
• Participatory Action Research (PAR) cum Action Research
(AR) in Teacher Professional Development: A Literature
Review

Your Introduction

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Your Introduction
• Tells about the background of the object of study (what led the
researcher to launch the study –historical background,
situations that may have spurred the researcher to undertake
the study, empirical observations which needed exploration)
• Brief review of literature
• Presents the research gap that can be filled up by the study
• Shows the rationale or justification for choosing a study

Your
Introduction

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Guide to Writing the Introduction

• 2-3 pages will do (inclusive of literature review)
• Citations make stronger claims
• Sub-level heading attract readers and concretizes
storyline

The Objectives/Deliverables

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Purposes of the Research

Characteristics of a Good Problem: Factors to Consider:

• Feasible • Interest
• Clear • Practical value to man and
society
• Significant
• Ethical

Purposes of the Research

• Must have general goal or
major problem
• Then state your specific
objectives or questions

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Sample Purpose

Cultural Historical Activity

Theory (CHAT): Influenced
Case Research of a Philippine
Physics Class, The Asia Pacific
Education Researcher.
DOI:10.1007/s40299-017-
0329-2

Probably Sources
• Theory
• Written articles
• Replication of previous work
• Environment
• Research recommendations of past studies
• University Research Agenda

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Where shall I place…

• Significance of the study

• Scope and limitations
• Definition of terms
• Theoretical and conceptual framework

Literature Review

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Literature Review

• Complete but brief

• Presented in themes that follows a storyline
• Complete in-text citations are necessary

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Citation Samples

TIPS…
1. A literature review is a
discursive prose, not a list
describing or
summarizing one piece of
literature after another.
2. Not good – every
paragraph begins with
the name of the
researcher

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TIPS…
3. Organize literature review
into sections that present
themes or identify trends,
including relevant theory.
4. Do not list all the published
materials, instead,
synthesize and evaluate
them according to the
guiding concept of your
thesis or research question.

Writing the Introduction…

Let’s do this ….

Rationale
Article Brief Review of Research Gap (Significance
Background
Title Litt of the Study)

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References…
• Boza, T. (2015). Get a Life, PhD: Writing a Literature Review: Six Steps to
Get You from Start to Finish. Retrieved from
http://getalifephd.blogspot.com/2011/10/writingliteraturereviewsixstepsto.ht
ml
• Boune, P. (2013). Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review. PLoS
Comput Biol. (7): e1003149. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003149.
• Rao, V., Chanock, K., & Krishnan, L. (2007). A visual guide to essay writing:
how to develop and communicate academic argument. Sydney: Association
for Academic Language & Learning (AALL).

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