ANATOMY

HNF
SN

1.AllTr ianglesofneck-eachsepar ateSAQ*

2.Nasal Sept um*
3.Thyr oidGl and–Bl oodSuppl y*
, Appli
edAnat omy
4.Carot idSheat handcont ents*
5.Muscl esofMast i
cat i
on
6.Caver nousSi nus**
7.Lit
tle’sAr eaofNose–Cl i
nicalSigni
ficance
8.ExtraOcul armuscl es-Diagram andact i
ons
9.Hyoi dBone
10.
Palat i
neTonsi l–Appl i
edAnat omy *
11.
Danger ousAr eaofFace
12.
Later alwal l ofNose
13.
Tongue–Appl iedAnat omy
14.
AnsaCer vicalis
15.
Dural wv enoussi nuses
16.
Lacrimal Gl and
17.
Submandi bul argland

LAQ

1.ParotidGland**
**
2.Tongue* *
3.Scalp
4.ThyroidGland**
5.MiddleEar
6.Larynx**
7.Fasciasoft heNeck
8.Tempor omandibul
arjoi
nt
9.Maxill
aryarter
y

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical-Vi
vav
oce/
Mit
eshDav
e
1.SpecimenofTongueandLarynx
**
2.Later
alwallofnose
3.Sagit
alsecti
on
4.Osteo-Skulldoonlyvi
deos,
Mandi
ble*
*andner
ver
elat
edt
oit
,hy
oidbone
5.Alt
asaxis,pi
votjoi
nt*
*
6.Ty
pical
cer
vical
ver
ti
bra-Vi
deo

UpperLi
mb
SN

1.Cubi talFossa* *
2.Klumpke’ sPar al
ysis*
3.Abduct i
onatShoul derJoint
4.Rot atorCuf f
5.Car pal Tunnel Syndrome* *
6.Mammar yGl and–Ly mphat icDrai
nage*
***
,Appl
i
edAnat
omy
7.Erb’sPar al
ysis*
8.Pronat ionandSupi nation
9.Clav ipectoralFascia
10.
Clawhand–Feat uresandCausat i
veFact
ors
11.
Muscul ocutaneousNer ve
12.
Deloi d
13.
Biceps
14.
Elbowj oint
15.
Triangul arandquadr angularspaces
16.
Axillarynerv e

LAQ

1.Shoul derJoint***
2.UlnarNer ve*
3.Brachi alPl
exus
4.Cubital Fossa
5.Axill
aryAr tery*
6.Mid-Pal marSpace
7.Radial Nerve
8.Medi anNer v
e**
9.StructuresunderDelt
oid*

Cour
sesandbr
anchesofner
vesandar
ter
iesr
eadf
rm appendi
xpar
tfr
m BDC

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical-Vi
vav
oce/
Mit
eshDav
e
1. Roughorgi
nandinsert
ion,Ner
vesupplyandact i
onofmusclesthatarevisi
bleondi
ssect
ion
2. Scapul
aandhumer usaret
heeasiestandcommonl yasked,radi
asulnanotthtcommonlyasked.
3-
4pointsabtat
tachmentandbonypromi nence
3. Namesofbonesonhandandt ypesofjointsinhand,
spir
all
awofossi f
icati
on*
Thor
ax
SN

1.Thor aci
cDuct
2.RootofRi ghtLungandr elat
ions
3.RootofLef tlungandr el
at i
ons
4.Azy gousVei n
5.Ar chofAor ta
6.Ty picalIntercostal Nerve
7.Br onchopul monar ySegment sofLeftLung
8.Lef tCoronar yAr tery*
9.Br onchopul monar ySegment s–Appl i
edAnatomy *
*
10.Blocksi nSVC
11.Typicalintercoast alspace-muscl eandnuerovascularbundl
e
12.InletoftheThor ax, Thor axoutl
et/i
nletsy
ndorme(same)
13.Oesophagus-Cont rict
ionsandappl ied

LAQ

1.Bronchopul
monarySegment
s
2.Ri
ghtAt r
ium**
3.ArchofAorta*
*
4.Superi
orMediast
inum

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical-Vi
vav
oce/
Mit
eshDav
e
1.Lungandheartful
lfrom t
hev i
deoes
2.Osteo-1str
ib*
*,ty
picalr
ib*,
thoraci
cver
tebr
ae(
att
achmentnott
ober
ead)

Neur
oanat
omy
SN

1.MedialMedull
arySyndrome
2.Fl
oorofFourthVentri
cle*
*
3.Ci
rcleofWill
is
4.T.
S.Medul l
aOblongata-All3*
5.T.
S.Mi dbr
ain-both*
6.T.
SPons-bot h
7.CorpusCall
osum* *
8.BrownSequardSy ndr
ome
9.I
nferi
orCerebell
arPeduncle*
 10.T.
S.SpinalCord–Cer
vical
Lev
el
11.I
nter
nal Capsul
e**
12.Basalganglia*
13.Papezci r
cuit
14.Thir
dv entri
cal
15.Vermis

LAQ

1.Gl ossopharyngeal Ner

ve*
2.Super olat
eral Surf
aceofCerebr
um*
*
3.InternalCapsul e**
*
4.Pons
5.Occul omotorNer v
e
6.Mi dbrain
7.Funct i
onalAr easinFront
alLobe
8.Thal amus
9.Faci alner
ve**
10.Trigeminalner ve*
11.Ascendingtracks
12.Descendingtracks

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical-Vi
vav
oce/
Mit
eshDav
e
1. Allt
hesect
ionsoft hebrainareveryi
mp,t
ryt
olear
n4-
5vi
sibl
eandi
mpst
ruct
uresofeach
surf
ace
2. Cerebel
l
um-f i
ssure,surf
aceandv ermi
s
3. Brai
nstem -exter
nal v
isi
blefeat
ures

Abdomen&Pel
vi
s
SN

1.Anal Canal -Appl i

ed*
2.Portacav alAnast omosis*–Appl i
edAnatomy
3.Inguinal Hernia**–Direct
,Indir
ect
4.Mal eUr ethra
5.CaputMedusae
6.Uterus–Suppor t
s***,
AppliedAnatomy
7.StomachBed*
8.Meckel ’sDi v
er t
iculum
9.Inguinal Canal
10.
IschiorectalFossa*
11.
LesserOment um*
12.
RectusSheat h*
 13.I
nferi
orVenaCav a
14.Superfici
al Per inealPouch
15.McBur ney’sPoi nt
16.I
nteri
orofUr i
nar yBladder
17.Umbi l
icus-Anat omi calandClini
calI
mportance
18.Peri
neal Body
19.Contracept ion–Anat omicalBasis
20.Rel
ationsofKi dney–di agram
21.Hysterosalphi ngogr aphy
22.Spleen-rel ations
23.Lessersac( Oment albursa)
24.Peritoneal reflectionsofl i
ver
25.Appendi xandi t'
sappl i
ed
26.Ureter-Cont r
ict i
onsandr el
ati
ons
27.Typesofi ncisi onsonAnt eri
orabdominal
wal l
28.Deepper ineal pouch

LAQ

1.Pancr eas**
2.IschiorectalFossa
3.Kidney
4.UterineTube
5.Testes
6.Extra-HepaticBili
aryAppar
atus*
7.RectusSheat h
8.Urinar yBl
adder *
9.Prost ate*
*
10.
Supr arenalGland*
11.
Uterus*
12.
Stomach* *
13.
Ov ary
nd
14.Duodenum –2 Par t
15.Anal Canal*
16.Diaphragm*
17.Ingui
nal Canal*
18.Inter
nalIli
acArter
y
19.Por t
alvein-for
mation,t
ri
but
ari
esandpor
tocav
alanast
omosi
s
20.Liver
*
i
nLAQsoforgansgener
all
ygr
oss,micr
oembryoandappl
i
edoft
heor
gani
sasked
Smal
lbr
anchesofart
eri
esandner
vesandnotatal
li
mp

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical
1. Vi
deosofei
therVi
vavoceorMi t
eshdavef
oral
ltheor
gansandosteol
ogy
2. Ost
eol
ogy-Bonypel
vi
s, Di
ff
erencebet
weenmaleandfemal
epelvi
s*,sacr
um,
typi
cal
lumbar
 vertebr
a
3. Spleenandstomachar ethecommonestandeasiestor
gansasked
4. Liv
er-Borders,peri
toneal
ref
lect
ionsandi
mpressi
on
5. Dif
ferencebetweenil
eum andjej
unum**

LowerLi
mb
SN

1.Sartor i
us*
2.Medi al LongitudinalAr
ch*–Fact or
sMaint
aini
ng
3.GluteusMaxi mus
4.FootDr op*-Anat omicalBasis
5.Femor al Sheath
6.Femor al Canal*
7.Popliteus
8.InversionandEv ersi
on*-Invert
ersandEvert
erswi
thNer
veSuppl
y
8.Femor al Hernia*
9.Longi tudinalAr chesofFoot
10.
Gast rocnemi us
11.
GreatSaphenousVei n*
12.
Quadr icepsf emor i
s
13.
Hamst rings
14.
Femor al nerve*

LAQ

1.HipJoint*
2.VenousDr ainageofLowerLi mb*
3.Int
ra-
Ar ti
cularStructuresofKneeJoi
nt*
4.Sciat
icNer ve
5.Femor alTriangle**
6.KneeJoi nt**
7.Popli
teal Fossa*
8.Later
al Longi t
udinalArchofFoot*
9.Str
ucturesUnderGl uteusMaximus–diagr
am*
10.
Anklejoint

Vi
vaandpr
act
ical-Vi
vav
oce/
Mit
eshDav
e
1. Roughor gi
nandinserti
on,Nervesuppl
yandact i
onofmuscl esthatarevi
sibl
eondi
ssect
ion
2. Ident
if
icati
onofnervesandarteri
es,
saphanousandf emoralvein
3. Osteol
ogy- Al
lbonesareimpHi i
pbone-Toughest,Femoreasiest,
fibul
amostconf
usi
onallt
hree
arecommonl yasked.Theenit
reboneisnotasked, 3-
4point
sonl y
4. Namet hebonesoff ootandarches

Gener
alAnat
omy
 1.Synov i
al Joi nt
**-di agram,classi
ficati
on,exampl
es
2.ClassificationofFi brousJoint
3.Sesamoi dBone
4.Cartil
agi nousJoi nt-cl assi
fi
cati
on, example*
5.Epiphy sis*
6.Secondar yCar t
il
agi nousJoint
7.PivotJoi nt
8.BloodSuppl yofLongbone
9.Structural Classi
ficationofMuscl e*
10.Cl
assi fi
cat i
onofbones*

Hi
stol
ogy-Di
agr
amsonl
y

1.Adr enal**
2.Muscul arAr
tery
*
3.Arteryandv ein
4.Differencebetweenser
iousandmucousaci
ni*
*
5.Differencebetweencar
diacandskel
etal
muscl
e**
6.Stratif
iedSquamousEpithel
i
um
7.Test es**
8.Ov ary
9.CompactBone
7.Spleen* *
8.Kidney
9.LymphNode
10.
Ret i
na* *

Embr
yol
ogy

1.Notocor d
2.Mesonephr i
cDuct
3.Pri
mitiveSt r
eak*
4.PhasesofFer t
il
isat
ion
5.Twinning
6.Pl
acent a*
7.Pancreas* *
8.NeuralTubeDef ect
s*
9.Vi
tell
o-intesti
nalDuct
 10.UrinaryBl adder
11.Diaphr agm* *
12.Phasesofl ungdev elopment
13.Phar yngealarchesandpounches, t
hei
rder
ivat
ives*
***
(notasasi
ngl
eque
butmustknowt opic)
14.DescentofTest es*
15.Dev elopment alAnomal iesofKidney
16.Rot ati
onofGut **
17.FateandDer i
vativ
esofYol kSac*
18.Setal defectsofhear t***
*
19.ArchofAor ta
20.Dev elopmentofat ri
a
21.Dev el
opment al detectsinGreatvei
ns
22.Remenant s-MCQS
23.Dev elopmentofgeni tal
s

Genet
ics

1.BarrBody*
2.LyonsHy pothesis
3.Turner'
sSy ndrome*
4.Karyoty
ping*
5.MonosomyofSexChr omosome
6.Down'sSy ndrome*
7.Str
ucturalChromosomeAbnor mali
ti
es
8.Autosomal Domi nantI
nheri
tance
9.Str
ucturalandNumer i
calChr
omosomeAbnor
mal
i
tieswi
thexampl
e
PHYSI
OLOGY

Paper1

CVS-Guy
ton,
mor
edet
ail
sinGanong(
Fact
),Concept-Cheng
SN

1.Cir
cul
at oryShock-def ine,cl
assi
fy,
stages,
physi
ologi
calpri
ncipl
esof
management
2.Connect i
onsofUni polarandBipol
arLimbLeadswhi l
eregar
dingECG
3.ECGTr acei nLeadI I
*-draw,label
,markint
erv
als
4.CNSIschemi cResponse
5.Baror
ecept orReflexMechani sm
6.Ventr
icularDiastole-events
7.Proper t
iesofCar diacMuscl e*
,Ioni
cBasisofAut orhythmicit
yinSANode,
WhyHear tMuscl eCannotbeTet ani
zed
8.RoleofJGAi nRegul ationofBl oodPressure
9.Cor onaryCi rcul
ation-pecul iar
iti
es,Angi
naPect ori
s
10.
Reni n-
Angi otensinMechani sm
11.
Hear tBlock-enl isttypes, expl
ainAVNodal Block
12.
Hear tRate-expl ainincr easeinheartrat
einmuscul arexerci
se
13.
FickPr i
ncipl e
14.
ECG-di agram, BipolarLi mbLeads
15.
VenousRet urn
16.
Fact or
sAf f
ect i
ngSt r
okeVol ume
17.
EffectofI sotonicExer ciseonBl oodPressure

LAQ

1.Car
diacCycl
e**-def
ine,
pressureandvolumechangesi
nlef
tvent
ri
cle*
,
di
agram;Thi
rdandFourt
hHear tSound*
2.CoronaryCir
culat
ion-physi
ologicanatomy ,
fact
orsaf
fect
ing,
speci
al
featur
es;Angi
naPect or
is
3.BloodPressure-defi
ne,l
ong-ter
mr egulat
ion
4.Cir
culat
oryShock**-def
ine,
classi
fy;Compensat
oryStageofCi
rcul
atory
Shock,Progr
essi
veStage,Hemor r
hagicShockPhysi
ologi
cal
Basisofit
s
 Management
5.ECG-def ine;Explai
nECGi nLeadII-di
agram;HeartBlock
6.MeanAr teri
al Bl
oodPr essur
e-defi
ne,enumeratemechanisms
regul
ati
ng; BaroreceptorMechani
sm -descr
ibe
7.Regulat
ionofBP-cl assif
ymechanism;ShortTerm Regul
ati
on
8.Defi
ne-StrokeVolume,Car
diacOutput,
CardiacIndex,
Str
okeVol
umeI
ndex;
Fact
orsAffect
ingCardi
acOutput
9.HeartRat
e-def i
ne,f
act
orsaffect
ingandregulat
ing

GI
T-Guy
ton,
formor
econcept
sref
erBRS
SN

1.FunctionsofBi l
eSalts* *
,Composi t
ion
2.PepticUl cer
***-eti
ology ,phy siologicalbasisoftreat
ment
3.RegulationofGastricEmpt y i
ng*
4.PhasesofDegl ut
it
ion-enl ist,Phar y
ngeal Phase**-explai
n
5.Mechani sm ofSecretionofHCl byPar i
etalCell
s,Gastri
cGlands
6.Mov ementofSmal lI
nt estine,Per istal
ti
cRush
7.Mechani sm ofSecretionofHCl *
8.ImportanceofDegl utit
ionRef lex
9.Mov ementofLar geI ntestine, DefecationRef l
ex*
10.
Enumer at eGITHormones, Not eonGast r
in,CCK**
11.
RegulationofGastricMot i
lity
12.
AbsorptionofFat

LAQ

1.Degluti
ti
on,Achal
asiaCardi
a
2.Pancreati
cJuice-composit
ion,f
unction,r
egulat
ionofsecret
ion
3.Gastri
cGlands-enumerate,secr
eti
on, f
uncti
on;TreatmentofPepti
cUlcer*
4.Gastri
cJuice-compositi
on;HClSecreti
on-mechani sm,fact
orsregul
ati
ng***

Endocri
neSy
stem-Guy
ton,
mor
eDet
ail
sBRS,
Ganong(
Fact
ual
concept
s)
SN

1.Functi
onsofI
nsul
i
n
2.Diabet
esMell
i
tusandI
nsi
pidus*-compar
eandcont
rast
 3.Parathyr
oidhor mone-functions,regulat
ion
4.Growt hHormone*-met abolicaction
5.I
nsulinSecreti
on-factorsincreasing,eff
ectinpr
omot
inggr
owt
h
6.DiabetesInsi
pidus,CushingSy ndrome
7.Tetany,Si
gnsofTet any,Treatment
8.CushingSy ndr
ome* ,Cli
nicalFeatures

LAQ

1.Gl
ucocorti
coi
ds-regul
ati
onofsecr
eti
on,
mechani
sm ofact
ion,
funct
ion,
ef
fectofdefi
ci
ency
2.ThyroidHormoneSy nt
hesi
sandRel
ease-enumerat
est
eps,di
agr
am;Ant
i-
ThyroidDrugs-act
ion
3.Hormonal Regul
ati
onofGrowth*
,Dwarf
ism,Pi
tui
tar
y&Thyr
oidDwar
f
Dif
ferences
4.Thyroi
d*-synt
hesis,mechanism ofacti
on,regulat
ionofsecret
ion,funct
ion;
EndemicGoitr
e,Hypothyr
oidism
5.Calci
um*-importance,r
egulati
on;Tetany,Osteoporosi
s
6.AdrenalCor
tex-enumeratehormones; FactorsRegulat
ingSecreti
onof
Aldost
erone
7.Anter
iorPi
tui
tar
y-enumer
atehor
monessecr
eted;
Phy
siol
ogi
cal
Act
ionsof
GrowthHormone*,
Dwarfi
sm

Repr
oduct
iveSy
stem -Guy
ton,
mor
edet
ail
sGanong/
BRS
SN

1.I
ndi
cat
orsofOv
ulat
ion,
Cli
nical
Signi
fi
cance
2.MethodsofCont racepti
on* *
*-t empor ar
y,Physi
ologi
calBasi
s
ofOr alCont racepti
ves,SafePer iod
3.Spermat ogenesis*-describestages, enl
istf
actor
saffecti
ngit
4.Physiologi calChangesinPr egnancy ***
5.Mater nal ChangesinLastTr imest erofPregnancy
6.Mechani sm ofOv ul
ation,Contraception-rhyt
hm method*
7.Menst rual Cycle-phases**
8.Cir
cul atoryChangesatBi rth
9.Part
ur it
ion-expl ai
n,roleofoxy tocin
10.
Lactationofej ecti
onofmi l
k-role.ofprol
acti
nandoxy t
ocin

LAQ

1.MenstrualCycl
e-phases,hor
monal contr
ol
2. Cy
cli
calChangesi
nUt er
usduringReproduct
iveLi
fe,
ItsHor
monal
Regul
ati
on*
 RSandTempr
egul
ati
ons-Guy
tonandPPT,
mor
edet
ail
s
BRS
SN

1.Oxygen-
Hemogl obinDissoci
ati
onCurve**-draw,
label
,factor
saf
fecti
ng,
Bohr'
sEffect,f
actor
sshifti
ngcurv
et ori
ght,
whatisP50,
r ol
eof2,
3-BPG
2.Charact
erist
icsofPulmonaryCir
culati
on
3.Acclimat i
zationtoHi ghAl tit
ude-enumer atephysiologi
calchanges,
signifi
canceofchanges
4.HeatSt roke
5.HeatLoss* **-enumer atemet hods,mechani sm,mechani sm ofsweati
ng
6.Per i
pheralChemor eceptor s-character
istics,
functions
7.Fact or
sAf fectingComposi ti
onofAl veolarAir
8.Oxy genDebt *
9.Hy poxia***-def i
ne,classify,descri
beHy poxicHy poxia
10.
Way sofHeatLoss, HeatSt r
oke
11.
Sur f
actant*-f uncti
ons, noteonRDS
12.
Transpor tofCar bondi oxide,HaldaneEf fect
13.
ResponseofBodywhenexposedt oExt remeCol d**,Hypother
mi a,Useof
InducedHy pothermia
14.
EffectofExer ciseonRespirati
on,whati sVO2max
15.
ExplainWor kofBreathi
ng*,Appli
edImpor t
ance,Enumer at
eMuscl esof
Respirati
on
16.
Functional ResidualCapacit
y-physiologicalsi
gnif
icance
17.
AcclimatizationtoHighAl t
it
ude-variouschanges, AcuteMount ainSickness
18.
HaldaneEf f
ect
19.
RoleofHy pothalamusinTemper atureRegul at
ion

LAQ

1.NeuralRegul
ati
onofBreathi
ng**,Peri
odi
cBr eat
hing,Ondi
ne'
sCurse*
2.Transpor
tofCO2, Hal
daneEffect
,It
sSignif
icance
3.LungCompl i
ance*-descr
ibe,
factorsaff
ecti
ng;Hy al
i
neMembr aneDi
sease
4.Respi
r ator
yMembr ane*-descri
be,f
actor
saff
ectinggaseousexchange;
Pri
ncipleofCOMet hod
5.Pulmonar yVenti
lati
on-mechani sm;Posi
ti
vePressur
eBr eat
hing
6.OxygenTr ansport-descri
bemet hod
7.Chemi calContr
ol ofRespi
rati
on
Paper2-

CNS-Guy
tonandVDj
oshi
,mor
edet
ail
sGanong
Pr
oper
ti
esofr
ecept
ors,
synapses,
ref
lexsandpost
ural
ref
lex'
sar
egi
venwel
li
nVD
SN

1.Recept or
**-enumer at
eproper
ti
es,anytwoproper
ti
esi
ndet
ail
2.ReferredPain*,Enumerat
eDiff
erentTypesofPai
n
3.LesionsofUpperandLowerMot orNeuron
4.FunctionsofBasal Gangl
i
a*
5.MiddleEar-f uncti
ons
6.Parkinsonism**
7.i.PathwayofPr opriocept iveSensationsf rom Peripheryto
Cortexii.Sensor yAt ax i
a-def i
ne,differencefrom Cer ebel
lar
Ataxia
8.REM Sl eep* *
,Nar col epsy
9.Muscl eSpi ndle*-di agr am, functi
on
10.
Speech
11.
Descendi ngPai nI nhi bit
ingSy stem
12.
Aphasi a-def i
ne, differentt ypes
13.
Diff
erentt y
pesofPai n,Transmi ssi
onofPai nthroughNeospi not
hal
amicPat
hway
14.
Ascendi ngTr acts-name; Labell
edDi agram ofPai nPat hway
15.
LowerMot orNeur on-def i
ne,featuresofLMNpar alysi
s
16.
Impor t
antAr easofFr ont alLobe-di agr am,Funct i
onsofPr efr
ont
alLobe
17.
Sensor yRecept ors, Adapt ati
onandI ntensi
tyDi scriminati
on
18.
FastandSl owPai n
19.
Memor y-def i
ne, types; Alzhei
mer '
s

LAQ

1.AscendingTr acts**-enumer ate;

i. Dorsal ColumnSy stem -or igi
n, course,terminati
on; Phantom Limb
ii
. Pathwayf orTouchSensat ion-descr ibe
ii
i
. Pat hwayf orLineTouchSensat ion,LawofPr ojection
2.MuscleSpi ndle-diagram; RoleofSt retchRef l
exinCont rol
li
ngMuscl eofTone
3.Functi
onsofHy pothalamus* *-enumer at e,explai
nanyt hreei ndetail
4.BasalGangl i
a*-connect ions,functi
ons; Parkinsonism -cli
nicalfeatures
5.Cerebell
um* *-functions,connect i
ons, appl i
edi mportance
6.Compl et
eTr ansactionofSpi nalCor d-ef fects
7.PyramidalTracts*-or i
gin,course,termi nat i
on,functi
on,appl i
ed
 8.LobesofNeocor
tex–f
unct
ions
RenalPhy
siol
ogy
-Guy
ton,
BRS,
Mor
econcept
s-Cheng,
Fact
s-
Ganong
SN

1.JGA-di agram, functi

ons* *
2.Count ercur r
entMul ti
pli
erMechani sm
3.RoleofKi dneyinAci d-BaseBalance**
4.i
.Tr anspor tMaxi mum -def i
ne
i
i.Mechani sm ofGl ucoseReabsor pti
oninRenalTubules
5.GFR-def ine,factors**
* ;
TubularGlomer ul
arFeedback,Gl
omer
ularTubul
ar
Balance
6.Cyst omet rography*
7.PCT-f unct i
ons
8.Count ercur r
entMechani sm
9.I
nner vationofUr inaryBladder,Mictur
it
ionRefl
ex**

LAQ

1.GFR* ***-defi
ne,enumer at
efactorsaf
fecti
ng,methodsofmeasur
ement,
regulation
2.Phy si
ologyofMi cturi
ti
on*;Cyst
omet r
ogram
3.DCT-f uncti
ons
4.Mi l
l
euI nteri
or-define;
RoleofKidneyinMai nt
aini
ngOsmolar
it
yofBody
Flui
d* *-Veryimpconceptr eadfrom BRSandCheng

Speci
alSenses
SN

1.Vi
sualPathway**-di
agr
am,lesi
ons,het
erony
moushemi
anopi
a
2.DarkAdaptat
ion*
*-defi
ne,
signi
fi
cance
3.OrganofCorti
4.Accommodat ionofEy e*,AccommodationReflex*-descri
be,
signif
icance;Presbyopia
5.PlacePr i
ncipl
e,ExplainRoleofBasil
arMembr aneinPercepti
onofSound*
*
6.ColourVi si
on
7.ImpedanceMat ching,CausesofConduct i
veDeafness
8.OlfactoryPathway*
9.ErrorsofRef r
acti
on; Myopia,Ast
igmati
sm -featur
es,corr
ecti
on
10.
TasteSensat i
onPat hway ,Basi
cModalit
iesofTaste,TypesofPapi
l
lae
LAQ

1.Mechanism ofHearing-descri
be;Pit
chDi scri
mi nat
ion*
*
2.ColourVisi
on-mechani sm;ColourBl
indness*
3.Accommodat ion*-defi
ne,mechanism, neuralpathway;Pr
esby
opi
a
4.PhotochemistryofVisi
on*,
DarkAdapt ati
on
5.MiddleEar-role;Or
ganofCorti

Ner
ve-Guyt
on,moreconcept
sBernandLevy,
Facts-Ganong
Muscl
e-I
nduKhur
rana,moreconcept
sVander
,Ganong
SN

1.Exci
tat
ion-
Cont
ract
ionCoupl
i
ng
2.ActionPot enti
al -defi
ne, compar eionicbasi soflargemy elinatednerve
fi
breandSAN* *
3.NMJ-di agram* ,My astheniaGrav i
s, EndPlatePot enti
al-def i
ne,generati
on
4.Proper tiesofNev erFibres
5.FactorsRegul ati
ngFor ceofSkelet alMuscleCont racti
on, Mot orUnit-def
ine
6.Refract oryPeriod
7.Sarcot ubularSy stem
8.RedMuscl eandPal eMuscl e,I
sot onicandI somet ri
cCont racti
on
9.SaltatoryConduct ions,FactorsAf fecti
ngConduct i
onVel ocity
10.
Compar e,ContrastAPandExci tatoryPostSy napti
cPot entialNeurons
11.
RMP-def ine,explainionicbasisofRMPi nner vefibr
e**
12.
Molecul arBasisofMuscl eCont
ract ion
13.
Neur on-di agram, NerveI mpul
se-def ine
14.
TypesofNer veDamage
15.
ClassificationofNer v
ef ibre

LAQ

1.GenesisofAct ionPot enti

al -describe;Propert
iesofAP-enumer at
e**
*
2.Sarcomere*-def ine,diagram; Sli
dingFilamentTheor y-expl
ain
3.RMP-def ine,factorscont ri
buting;PhasesofAP
4.NMJ*-di agram; Descr i
beNeur omuscul arTransmissi
on;My ast
heniaGrav
is*
*
5.Synapti
cTr ansmi ssi
on-mechani sm; Synapse-twopr opert
ies*
6.MolecularBasisofSkel et
al MuscleCont r
acti
on*
7.MuscleTone-def ine,regulati
on
8.i
.RMP-def ine
i
i.I
onicBasi sforDev elopmentofRMPandAP
Bl
ood--InduKhur
ana,
VDJoshi
,pl
atel
es-Guy
ton,
Indu
Khur
rana,VD
SN

1.I
ntri
nsi
cPathwayofCoagul at
ion
2.RoleofBLymphocy tes
3.BloodGroup-classi
fy,Erythr
obl
ast
osi
sFoet
ali
s*
4.MismatchedBloodTr ansfusi
on*
5.Functi
onsofPlasmaPr ot
eins
6.Immuni t
y *-defi
ne,pr i
maryandsecondar yi
mmuner esponseandi
ts
roleinv accinati
on,roleofTcells
7.Landst einer'
sLaw, Impor t
anceofRhBl oodGroup*
8.CD4Cel ls
9.Platel
et s-nor malcount ,
funct
ions
10.
Erythroblastosisfoetali
s-feat
ures,tr
eatment
11.
BleedingTi me, Cl
ottingTime-define,I
ntri
nsi
cPathway-descri
be

LAQ

1.Coagulat
ion-defi
ne,fl
owchar
t;Bl
eedi
ngandCl
ott
ingDi
sor
der
s-
di
ffer
ences,examples**
2.I
mmuni
ty*-defi
ne,
classi
fy;
Cel
lMedi
atedI
mmuni
ty;
Humor
al
I
mmuni
ty,Vacci
nat
ion
3.Cl
otti
ng-def i
ne;Mechanism ofBl
oodCoagul
ati
on-f
lowchar
t;
Ant
icoagulants-name
4.WBC-cl assif
y,morphol
ogy,funct
ion
5.Er
ythropoiesi
s

Gener
alPhy
siol
ogy-ExamsVD/
Guy
ton,
Qui
z-Ganong
SN

1.Homeostasi
s**-defi
ne,compar
ebet
weenfeedbacksystems
2.Tr
ansportMechanism Acr
ossCel
lMembr
ane,SecondaryAct
iveTr
anspor
t*
3.Osmosis

LAQ

1.Tr
anspor
tMechani
sm -descr
ibe,
exampl
es
 Pr
act
ical
s
1.Ref
ert
oVDj oshi
practi
cal
bookandJournal
2.Mor
eDetai
l
sofCl i
nical
physi
o-PjMeht
a

BI
OCHEMI
STRY

Cl
i
nical
Biochem
Ref
ert
oAl
lthecasesgi
venbehi
ndSat
yanar
ayan,
Theycomeoutofi
mps
aswel
l
.
Refert
otheBookl
ett
hatcomesal
ongwi
thSi
nghal
,Doal
lthecases
fr
om it

Paper1

Pr
otei
nMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Metabol
ism ofTyrosi
ne(pg345)
2.Bi
ogenicAmi nes(pg375)
3.Metabol
ism ofGlyci
ne(pg341)
4.Al
kaptonur
ia( pg352)

LAQ

1.I
nbor nErrorsofMet aboli
sm ofTy rosi
ne*andPhenyl
alani
ne
2.Format i
onandFat eofAmmoni a*
*
3.UreaCy cl
eandAbnor malit
ies***
4.Alkaptonuria-BiochemicalBasis,TestsforDi
agnosi
s
5.Glyci
ne-sy nthesis,i
nhi
biti
on,speciali
sedproduct
sformed
6.Transami nati
on,Deamination,Ammoni aToxici
ty

Nucl
eot
ideMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Puri
neSalvagePat
hway*
*(pg391)
2.Hyperur
icemia(
pg394)
 3.Gout
**(
pg394)
4.Cat
abol
i
sm ofPur
ines(
pg392)

Hemogl
obi
n
SN

1.Hemoglobi
nopat
hiesandexampl es(
pg203)
2.Abnor
mal Hemogl
obin**-changesinAAsequence(
pg202)
LAQ

1.Catabol
ism ofHeme*,Hemol y t
icJaundi
ce
2.Formati
onandFat eofBili
rubin;Jaundi
ce
3.Biosynt
hesisandDegradationofHeme
4.Heme-bi osynt
hesi
s,regulati
on*;Int
ermit
tentPor
phy
ria

Vi
tami
ns
SN

1.CoenzymesofThiamineofPyridoxi
ne-twobi ochemi
cal
funct
ionsofeach
2.Functi
onsofFoli
cAci d(pg150)
3.Defi
ciencyManif
estati
onofVi taminA( pg118)
4.CoenzymeFunctionofFolicAci dandB12( pg150)
5.Wald'
sVi sual
Cycle(pg129)
6.Acti
vati
onofCholecalci
fer
ol,Justif
icat
ionasaHor mone(pg124)

LAQ
Vit
-ACDB1,
2,
3,
6,
9,
12

Enzy
mes
SN

1.I
soenzymesandCl i
nicalAppl
icati
on***(
pg109)
2.EnzymesandIsoenzymesi nMy ocar
dial
Infarct
ion**(
pg112)
3.EnzymesofDiagnosti
c,Analy
ticandTher apeut
icImport
ance*(
pg105)
4.Km Val
ue(pg88)
5.Acti
vat
ionEnergyofEnzyme-E- SCompl ex(pg98)

LAQ
 1.Enzymes-defini
ti
on,factorsaf
fecti
ngenzymeactivi
ty*
2.EnzymeInhi
biti
on-Compet i
ti
veandNon- Competi
ti
ve**
3.Enzymes-classi
fi
cati
on, examples,
Isoenzymes
4.TypesofEnzymeI nhi
bitors

Bi
ologi
cal
Oxi
dat
ion
SN

1.SubstrateLevelPhosphory
lati
on(pg224)
2.Oxidativ
ePhosphor y
lati
on***andTher
mogenin(pg228)
3.MalateAspar t
ateShuttl
e*(pg234)
4.I
nhibitorsofETC(pg232)
5.Uncoupl er
sofOxidati
vePhosphoryl
ati
on(pg233)
6.Dif
ferencebetweenOxi dat
iveandSubstr
ateLev
elPhosphor
ylat
ion

LAQ

1.Expl
ainETC, Menti
onSitesof
1.ATPSy nthesi
sandI nhi
bit
orsofETC**
2.Oxidat
ivePhosphor y
lat
ion
3.Explai
nETC, Inhi
bit
orsandUncoupler
sofOxi
dat
ivePhosphor
ylat
ion

Mol
ecul
arBi
ology
SN

1.Genet
icCode* **(pg551)
2.Mutat
ion*-CausesandTy pes(pg535)
3.RecombinantDNATechnol ogyAppl
i
cat
ion*
4.Rever
seTr anscri
pti
on(pg550)
5.DNARepl i
cation(pg524)
6.PCR(pg534)
7.LacOperon( pg567)

LAQ

1.Prot
einBi
osynthesis*andInhibi
tor
s,Regul
ati
on
2.DNARepli
cati
on, TwoI nhi
bit
orsofRepli
cat
ion
3.Geneti
cCode-salientf
eatures,Wobble'
sHypothesi
s
4.Tr
anscri
pti
on,Post-
Transcr
ipt
ional
Modi
fi
cat
ion,
TwoAnt
ibi
oti
cs
I
nhibi
ti
ngtheprocess
Pr
otei
ns
SN

1.Biol
ogicall
yImpor tantPeptides*(pg65)
2.SecondaryandTer ti
aryStructur
eofProtei
ns*
*(pg56)
3.tRNAAndI t
sFunct ions**
*( pg81)
4.SecondarySt r
uctureofPr otein(pg56)
5.Functi
onal Cl
assifi
cat i
onofPr otei
ns(pg63)
6.ConjugatedProteins( pg64)

Nucl
eot
ides
SN

1.FourBiochemi
cal
Funct
ionsofNucl
eot
ides*
2.St
ruct
ureofDNA

Fr
eeRadi
cal
sandAnt
ioxi
dant
s
SN

1.Ant
ioxi
dants(pg655)
2.Ant
ioxi
dantEnzymes*,Vi
tami
nsandMi
ner
als
3.Fr
eeRadicalsandAnt
ioxi
dant
s

Nut
ri
ti
on
SN

1.Expl
aintheRoleofDietar
yFibres*(pg508)
2.BMR-def ini
ti
on,
factor
s( pg504)
3.Prot
einEnergyMalnutr
iti
on***(pg516)
4.Kwashiorkor
*-BiochemicalAlt
erat
ionsandTr
eat
ment(
pg516)

Pl
asmaPr
otei
ns
SN

1.I
mmunogl obul
i
n-diagr
am,descr
ibeanyoneI
gindet
ail
*(pg186)
2.Funct
ionsofAlbumin(pg183)

Paper2

Car
bohy
drat
eMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Si
gnif
icanceofHMPShunt *(
pg270)
2.RapaportLeuber
ingCycle,
Signi
fi
cance(
pg251)
3.Gly
cogenSt or
ageDisease*-enzymedef
ect
s,cl
i
nical
mani
fest
ati
on(
pg269)

LAQ

1.Glycolyt
icPathwayinErythrocytes,Signi
fi
cance,
Diff
erencefr
om Gly
col
ysi
s
(pg251)
2.Glycogenolysi
s,Regulat
ion,GlycogenSt or
ageDiseases*(pg265)
3.TCACy cl
e,AmphibolicNature*(pg252)
4.HMPShunt *,Si
gnifi
cance(pg270)
5.Met aboli
sm ofGlycogen,Hormonal Regul
ati
on*(pg263)

Li
pidMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Cholesterol-bi
omedicali
mpor t
ance(pg315)
2.Cholesterol-metabol
ism,funct
ion(pg309)
3.Li
popr otei
ns*(pg317)
4.Fat
tyLi ver*andLipot
ropt
icFactor
s*(pg322)
5.Ketosis(pg296)

LAQ

1.CholesterolSynthesis*
**-namer egulat
oryenzyme,nor
mallev
el,
funct
ions,
explai
nr olei
nAt herosclerosi
s(pg308)
2.Ketosis,SynthesisandFat eofKet oneBodies(pg293)
3.BetaOxi dati
onofPal miticAcid,
Regul at
ion,Ener
get
ics*
*(pg290)
 4.RolesofLDL,HDLi
nChol
est
erol
Transport
,Rol
einAt
her
oscl
erosi
s(pg320,
326)
5.FateofAcety
lCoA,
Fat
tyAci
dSynthesi
s(pg297)

Mi
ner
alMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Regulat
ionofSerum Cal
cium Lev
el(
pg407)
2.RoleofCalci
um asSecondMessenger(
pg405)
3.Absorpt
ionofIr
on(pg414)

LAQ

1.PlasmaCal ci
um Level-hor monal
regulat
ion,f
uncti
on,def
ici
ency
manifest
ation(pg407)***
2.I
ron*(pg414)
3.Calci
um*( pg404)
4.Calci
um andPhosphor us( pg404,409)
5.CopperandZi nc(pg416, 419)
6.I
ronandI odine(pg414,418)
7.FactorsI
nfluenci
ngCalcium Absorpti
on,Functi
ons(pg404)

I
ntegr
ati
onofMet
abol
i
sm
SN

1.Shor
tTer
m Star
vati
on-metaboli
cchanges(
pg383)
2.Bi
ochemi
calChangesi
nStarvat
ion*
*(pg383)
3.MostSev
erePhaseofStar
vati
on-biochemi
calchanges(
Pankaj
a-pg276)

LAQ

1.St
arv
ati
onMet
abol
i
sm*(
pg383)

Aci
d-BaseBal
ance
SN

1.Buf
fer
s**(
pg475)
 2.Rol
eofKidneyinAci
dBaseBalance(pg477)
3.AnyTwoBufferSyst
ems(pg475)
4.Metabol
i
cAcidosi
s*,I
tsCompensati
on(pg481)
LAQ

1.Met aboli
cAcidosi
s*-causes,explai
ncompensator
yroleofbl
oodbuff
ers
andki dney(
pg481)
2.BloodpH-mai nt
enance,di
sordersassoci
atedwi
thacidbasebal
ance(pg474)
3.Wat erandElectr
oly
teBalance(pg469)
4.AcidBaseBal ance,I
mbalance,Causes(pg474)

I
nsul
i
n,Gl
ucoseHomeost
asi
sandDM
SN

1.DM -met
abol
i
cchanges*(
pg681)

LAQ

1.Hor
monal Regul
ati
onofBloodGl
ucoseLev
el*
*,Si
gni
fi
cance,
Not
eon
Gl
ycosur
ia(pg674,681)

Or
ganFunct
ionTest
s
SN

1.Cr
eat
ini
neClear
anceTest*
*,Expl
anat
ion,
Signi
fi
cance(
pg461)
2.Ur
eaClear
ance(pg461)

LAQ

1.LiverFunct
ionTest
s**-enumer
ate,
descr
ibeLFTbasedonexcr
etor
y
functi
on(pg453)

Car
bohy
drat
es
SN

1.Hyal
uronicAci
d-biomedi
cali
mpor
tance(
pg23)
2.GAGS,Signi
fi
cance**
*(pg25)
Li
pid
SN

1.Phosphol
ipi
ds-classi
fy,
exampl
es,
onei
mpor
tanceofeach
2.Essent
ial
FattyAcids(
pg31)

Di
gest
ionandAbsor
pti
on
SN

1.Di
gest
ionandAbsor
pti
onofLi
pids(
pg173)

Hor
mones
SN

1.GroupI
IHormones-di agram,
mechanism,example(
pg428)
2.NameDiff
erentTy
pesofMessengerHormones,Rol
eofcAMP*(
pg430)
3.Mechani
sm ofHydr ophi
li
cHormones
4.Mechani
sm ofSteroidHormones*

Cancer
SN

1.TumourMar ker
s***-fourexamples(pg691)
2.Oncogenes**andProto-oncogenes*(
pg687)
3.ChemicalCarci
nogens*(pg686)

Det
oxi
fi
cat
ion
SN

1.Conjugation*
*-examples(pg640)
2.Detoxi
ficati
onbyOxidati
onandHydrol
ysis(pg639)
3.Metabolism ofXenobi
oti
cs-phase1reacti
on*(pg638)
LCD
SN

1.El
ect
rophor
esis*-appl
ication,pri
nciple
2.Chr
omatography*-pri
nciple,appl
icati
on,t
ype*
3.Fl
amePhotomet er-pr
inciple,par
ts,impor
tance

Ov
erv
iewofBi
ophy
sical
Chemi
str
y
SN

1.Radi
oisot
opes-di
agnost
ic,
ther
apeut
icsi
gni
fi
cance,
appl
i
cat
ion*
*(pg717)

Pr
act
ical
OpentheJour nal
just2-
3daysbef
oret
heexam,mugitup.
Labtechnici
anareveryhel
pful
dur
ingt
heexam,
theywil
lhel
pyouget
ther
esults.