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Running head: RESEARCH DESIGN

Research Design

Student Name

Department

Professor Name

Date
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RESEARCH DESIGN
Case Study Design

An in-depth study of a specific research conundrum in lieu of a general statistical survey

and or a comprehensive relative inquiry constitutes a case study. Often, the technique is

employed to help peg down a wide field of research into a few easily manageable tasks. Also, a

case study aids in establishing whether a specific hypothesis and or a model actually materializes

in the real world. The technique proves to come in handy when very few info is known about the

issue under research (Lewis, 2015). The study makes use of multiple cases in order to build and

construe a connection between the diverse sources of information used to understand the varying

perception of participants to help in detangling the research question under study.

A case study comes with numerous advantages married with it including its ability to add

more details on top of what is already determined and or known through done research,

providence of well-informed descriptions of both scarce and specific cases, helps in the

comprehension of considered multiplex issues through detailed in-depth analysis of events of

concern. Also, the method favors for the usage of a variety of methodologies relying on diverse

sources in its investigative process. Also, the procedure comes with it its shortcomings such as

the missing of vital info which may render the process null and void, a typical case may not

necessarily be the true reflection of the matter being investigated, exposure of the researcher to

biasness via intense study of the case is also another hurdle.

Potential challenges included the frequent and personal check reviews to ensure constant

exposure of almost typical sets of data does not dispense grounds for generalization and neglect.

Role changing was another imperative task I had to interchange with the various interviewees to

reduce chances of inadvertent absolute biasness.

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RESEARCH DESIGN
Purposeful Sampling

Judgement sampling, also known known as purposeful sampling is a technique in which

the researcher is expected to rely on his or her own judgement call in the random choosing of the

members of a population expected to participate in the study under scrutiny. The method does

not involve probability and it therefore is a non-probability sampling method. In this research,

students were selected from various schools randomly in order to reduce the probability of

biasness in information and to also help reflect on the overall data in search for any similarities

and common reported information from which to build from concurring info. Information on

how education and religion both interact and affect students was collected from the different

students in order to get a wider perspective of issue at hand under research (Palinkas et al, 2014).

It was also observed that the various participants were of random picking but of diverse faith and

belief to help share their diverse points of view on the subject matter.

Despite its wide purposeful sampling comes with it its disadvantages including but not

limited to, the uncertainty of the variation ranges from which the purposeful sampling is to be

taken. In which case, the researcher has to assume and approximate the range for the first trial to

materialize. Also, it is difficult to generalize results under such methods of sampling.

Data Collection

In this research, data collection techniques such as interviews, observations of the various

physical attitudes of the students towards the diverse religions, in some instances, questionnaires

were used to collect data from anonymous polls unwilling to openly share their conscience,

individual interviews were done to help collect detailed info about the problem at hand. This

helped in reflecting on the existing diverse opinions by the different students of various religious

beliefs and inclinations. Observation techniques involves the spontaneous studying of the
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RESEARCH DESIGN
behaviors of the participants chosen in a specific research study. The technique is simple as the

observer simply records what he or she records. Students from different schools were observed

in their interactions with other students of diverse religious beliefs (Cleary, Horsfall, & Hayter,

2014). This technique was way less time consuming and easy besides, it eliminates the

possibility of distortion of information through exaggeration and or false accusations. It also

requires less skills and financial investment to carry out. The mishap about it is that the observer

may interpret wrongly observed behavior’s as perspective drives reality, and everyone is subject

to their own different perspectives.

Quality Criteria

Quality criteria refers to the degree to which the method of collection and the collected

data actually deducts the truth of the research from the research procedure undertaken. Since

reliability is primary factor in the validity of a procedure and or data, it was inherent that the

procedure be versatile enough to encompass a better part of the researched population correctly.

It is was important that the data collected be subject to confirmability, credibility, and or

defendable (Semlitsch et al, 2015). The data collected from the various schools was subject to

scrutiny in order to discern the various discrepancies and or familiarities within the different

schools to come up with an unbiased conclusion that actually reflects the situation on the ground.

This helped in detecting data collected from respondents that might have been inaccurate and

possibly misleading.

Ethical Principles Identified and Ethical Implications

Ethical principles encountered included the respect of the various cultures as the country

is a home to diverse tribes and religions, the implications were that the responders were well

informed about the research project before requesting for their permission to record and report
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RESEARCH DESIGN
the various data collected at random reflecting their opinions about the subject matter of

education and religion. Participants were voluntarily chosen to participate in the research

problem and were adequately and periodically reminded of the purpose and the sole intent use of

the data so collected with their informed assent. The students were asked to withdraw from the

research should they feel like their religious inclinations were being questioned and or

undermined by the research protocols and procedures (Artal, & Rubenfeld, 2017). The

researchers conformed to adhere to the confidentiality agreement concurred by the voluntary and

informed participants.

It was imperative that I analyzed the collected data with absolute honesty and reflection

of the matters on the ground in adherence to all the stipulated conditions that ensured privacy and

in the questioning of the diverse subscriptions to religion and sexual orientations, blunt and non-

hostile words were formulated and employed in order to help the volunteering research

respondents feel accommodated for and not alienated based on their subscriptions to diverse

cultures etc.
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References

Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.

Health promotion practice, 16(4), 473-475.

Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015).

Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method

implementation research. Administration and policy in mental health and mental health

services research, 42(5), 533-544.

Cleary, M., Horsfall, J., & Hayter, M. (2014). Data collection and sampling in qualitative

research: does size matter?. Journal of advanced nursing, 473-475.

Semlitsch, T., Blank, W. A., Kopp, I. B., Siering, U., & Siebenhofer, A. (2015). Evaluating

guidelines: a review of key quality criteria. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 112(27-

28), 471.

Artal, R., & Rubenfeld, S. (2017). Ethical issues in research. Best Practice & Research Clinical

Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 43, 107-114.