Class Work

Ch-4 Force and Friction

I. Define the following terms :

1) Force - It is defined as push or pull acting upon an

object as a result of an interaction.

2) Streamlining- It is giving special shape to objects

so that they may experience minimum drag while
travelling through air and water.

3) Lubrication – It is the process of using lubricants

like grease or graphite to reduce friction, wear
and tear in a contact between two surfaces.

4) Non-contact forces- Forces that do not require

physical contact to act on an object. It is also
known as aaction-at - a- distance.
II. Question and Answer
Q. 1 Name the different effects of force.
Ans. 1 The different effects of force are as follows:
i. It can move a stationary object.
ii. It can stop a moving object.
iii. It can change the speed of a moving object.
iv. It can change the direction of a moving object.
v. It can change the shape and size of an object.

Q. 2 What are the two main types of forces? Give an example

of each.
Ans. 2 Forces can be classified into two types:
i. Contact force- eg: muscular force
ii. Non-contact force- eg: electrostatic force

Q. 3 What is friction? Name the factors on which it depends.

Ans. 3 Friction is a contact force that opposes the motion of a
body when tends to move over the other.
Friction between two surfaces depends on:
 i. Nature(roughness) of the surfaces in contact with each
other.
ii. Weight of the moving object

Q. 4 What are the disadvantages of friction?

Ans. 4 The disadvantages of friction are as follows:
i. Friction produces lot of heat in machines which damages
their moving parts.
ii. It causes wear and tear which reduces the life.
iii. A lot of energy is wasted.

Q. 5 What are the different ways of reducing friction?

Ans. 5 The different ways of reducing friction are as follows:
i. By providing wheels or ball bearings.
ii. By polishing the surfaces.
iii. By Streamlining.
III. Give reasons for the following statements:

a) Wrestlers rub a special substance on their

hands before getting into the ring so as to
prevent their hands from slipping over their
opponent’s body.

b) Spikes are provided in the soles of shoes used

by sports person or athletes as to increase
friction so that they get a firm grip on the
ground.

c) We are able to hold objects and write with

our hands because of the friction produced
between our hands and the object or the
pencil used for writing.

d) People often rub their hands in winter

because while rubbing both the hands,
friction is produced between our hands
which in turns produces heat this causes us
to feel warm.
 IV. Differentiate between the following:
1. Mass Weight

The amount of matter contained The gravitational force of the

in an object constitutes its mass. earth acting on the mass of an
object is called its weight.

Mass of the object always Weight of the object varies

remains same. subjected to the gravitational
force.

2. Static friction Kinetic friction

The force of friction acting on The force of friction when

two objects in contact while at
rest.
applied overcomes static friction
and the object comes to the state
of motion. It is of two types
sliding friction and rolling
friction.
 3. Sliding friction
When we slide an object on a
surface the friction produced
between the object and the
surface is called sliding friction.
Rolling friction
When objects are made to roll
over a surface to move them
from one place to another rolling
friction takes place.

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