A PROJECT REPORT ON

{Friction}
FOR
AISSCE 2023 EXAMINATION
SUBMITTED BY
Kaushik s Yadav
HALL TICKET NUMBER:______________
Under the guidance of : MR. CHETAN,MRS.
SITA MAHALAKSHMI, MR.IMTHIYAZ and
MR. MARVIN

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
SRI CHAITANYA TECHNO SCHOOL
 Acknowledgement
I would like to thank the institution for giving
the opportunity to encase and display our
talent through this project

I would like to thank my Physics teachers Mr.

Chetan, Mrs Sita Mahalakshmi, Mr. Imtiyaz and
Mr. Marvin for having the patience to guide me
at every step in the project

I am also grateful to the CBSE board for giving

this opportunity to do a challenging project in
which we were very engrossed
I would also like to thank my parents and
friends who helped me in getting the right
information for this project
 FRICTION
Topics:
1) What is friction?
2) Factors affecting friction
3) What causes friction?
4) Types of friction
5) Applications of friction
6) Kinetic friction
7) Kinetic friction and static friction differences
8) Laws of friction
What is friction?
When a body slides or tends to slide on a
surface on which it is resting, a resisting force
opposing the motion is produced at contact
surface.
This resisting force is called friction
Factors affecting
friction:
 On the nature of two surfaces that
are in contact

 Friction is depended on smoothness

or roughness of two surfaces that
are in contact with each other.
 When the surface is smooth, the
friction between the two reduces as
there is not much interlocking
between the objects.
 When the surface is rough then the
friction increases
 On the force that is acting on these
surfaces
  Friction increases when the force is
applied along the irregularities.

Difference between rough and smooth

surfaces:
What causes friction?
Friction is caused due to the irregularities on
the two surfaces in contact.
So, when one object moves over the other
these irregularities on the surface get
entangled, giving rise to friction.
The more the roughness, the more the
irregularities and the more significant will be
the friction
TYPES OF FRICTION
1. Static friction
2. Sliding friction
3. Rolling friction

Static friction:
Friction experienced by a body when it is at rest
Is called static friction.
For instance, when we walk our feet in touch
with the floor. When we move our feet’s
backward motion causes exerts pressure on the
floor as the other foot progresses.
Sliding friction:
Friction experienced by a body when it slides
over another body is called sliding friction.
Some examples: rubbing hands to create heat.
A child sliding down a slide in a park.
Rolling friction: The force resisting the motion
of a rolling body on a surface is known as rolling
 APPLICATIONS OF
FRICITON
 If you take a look at our everyday
procedures, you will see that it is quite
essential in many of them. For example,
when you rub two objects together, friction
will result in the conversion of some of the
energy motion into heat. Thus, when you
rub sticks together, they ultimately produce
a fire. Let us take a closer look at the other
applications:

1.Friction helps us to walk

2.We can write on paper or on boards
using a pencil or chalk
3.The friction between the meteor and
the atmosphere heats it up and makes it
burn and shrink in size due to air
resistance
4.We can fix a nail to the wall
5.Brakes in vehicles are built on the concept
of friction
6.Pulleys for drawing water from wells work
with the help of friction.
7.A ladder against a wall
8.Friction is used for making fire by rubbing
wood on wood or stone on stone.
Kinetic Friction:
Friction is easily defined as the force that holds
back a sliding object. Kinetic friction is a part of
everything, and it interferes motion of two or
more objects. The force acts in the opposite
direction to the way an object wants to slide. If
a car has to stop, we apply brakes and that is
exactly where the friction comes into play.
While walking, when one wants to suddenly
come to a halt, friction is to thank again. But
when we have to stop in the middle of a
puddle, things get harder since friction is less
there and cannot aid one so much.
Kinetic friction and
static friction
differences:

Static friction Kinetic friction

1) Is the friction present 1) Kinetic friction is the
between two or more friction between two or
objects that are not more objects that are in
moving with respect to motion.
each other.
2) The magnitude of the 2) the magnitude of the
static friction is greater kinetic friction is less due
due greater value of to low value of coefficient.
coefficient.
3) Fₛ = μₛ N 3) F = μk N
k
Laws of friction:
There are five laws of friction and they are:

 The friction of the moving object is

proportional and perpendicular to the
normal force.
 The friction experienced by the object is
dependent on the nature of the surface it is
in contact with.
 Friction is independent of the area of
contact as long as there is an area of
contact.
 Kinetic friction is independent of velocity.
 The coefficient of static friction is greater
than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
Bibliography:
https://www.wikipedia.org/

https://www.toppr.com/

Thank you