PAPER ON FISH FARMING

POLYTECHNIC MARINE AND FISHERIES

PANGANDARAN

Name : Irwan Fajar

Courses : BDI

Lecturer's Name : Pretty Catarina Romauly, S.Pd.,M.Pd

 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background Of The Paper
In the national development program, the fisheries sector is one of the most important

and strategic sectors to be a focus in realizing the pillars of national development. Where the

fisheries sector has an important role in reducing unemployment, supporting national food

security, absorbing labor and as a source of state foreign exchange. And it is expected to

boost economic recovery by $82 billion a year.

The potential of fisheries in Indonesia is not only seen from the vastness of the sea

waters owned by this nation, but also from the area of land in the land that can be used as a

place to develop fishery cultivation. One way to encourage the improvement of the

aquaculture economy is through the policy of accelerating marine and fisheries

industrialization. Through industrialization policies, management of aquaculture resources,

infrastructure development, development of investment systems, science, technology, and

human resources, organized on a regular basis industry-based integrated for increased

production, productivity and added value.

The potential of this country nationally in aquaculture land is very large can be seen

from 15.59 million Ha, consisting of freshwater cultivation land 2.23 million Ha, brackish
water cultivation 1.22 million Ha and sea cultivation 8.37 million Ha, while its utilization

currently still reaches 16.62% for freshwater cultivation, as much as 50.06% for brackish

water cultivation and 1.05% for marine cultivation. Total production of aquaculture

nationally in 2009 amounted to 4.78 million tons. Production achieved today is still low

when compared to the potential of available cultivated land. Therefore, the development

opportunities are still very wide.

The gdp growth of fisheries from year to year always increases. During the period

2009-2013 the GDP growth of the fisheries sector reached 14.83% per year, higher when

compared to the agricultural sector. The achievement of the contribution of the fisheries

sector to national GDP, including from aquaculture. This needs to be considered to be taken

into account in the national economy.

Fish farming is included in aquaculture (in water) and most people think that this

business is quite risky, even the risk is greater than livestock and agricultural businesses. This

assumption is based on that fish farming efforts are carried out in water so that they are not

easily seen and controlled by humans. In addition to cultivation media factors, variations in

the causes of cultivation failure are very diverse, such as pollution, disease, feed poisoning,

water supply disruption, damage to machinery and equipment, damage to cultivation

containers, continuity of limited seed supply, extreme weather fluctuations, predators,

damage to electrical energy sources, worker negligence, and natural disasters. Risk is also

influenced by the level of cultivation technology, in this case the more intensive the

technology used, the greater the risk of failure. In all problems and various problems faced

by fish farmers need relatively large funds in their management.

 Director General of Aquaculture, Slamet Soebjakto, stated that one of the obstacles in

growing the business of fish farmers is the minimum ability of cultivators in accessing capital

from various financing institutions. According to him, the terms of access to financing credits

that require guarantees / uses are considered burdensome for small-scale fish farmers,

Especially so far they do not have evidence of land ownership certification that can be used

as collateral.

Financing is funding, both active and passive, carried out by financing institutions to

customers.7 The provision of a credit facility has a specific purpose. The main purpose of

credit provides, among others: a). Helping the customer's business, another purpose of

providing credit is to help the customer's business that requires funds, both investment funds

and funds for working capital. With these funds, the debtor will be able to develop and

expand his business. b). Helping the government, for the government the more credit

channeled by the banks, the better, considering that more credit means an increase in

development in various sectors.