21st Century Literature from the World | SHAHARMIE GARCIA

MODULE 1: A REDISCOVERY OF THE LITERARY WORLD

REFLECT UPON
Philippine literature has contributed to world literature by reflecting Filipino culture, history, and historical
events in the Philippines during the colonial period. Since it portrays a living language, Philippine literature has
contributed significantly to the creation of a true Filipino nationalism to a wide-ranging movement for
economic independence, political related conflicts, environmental consciousness, and peace education in the
Philippines.
BANYAGA: A SONG OF WARBY
1. Ernesto's uncle mistreated him, while Ernesto treats the children very well. Ernesto did not leave them, and
he taught them well.
2. It would make a huge difference. Since they were well cared for, Ah Tin and Ah Bun would be kind and
respectful children. Even though Ernesto has been abused in the past, he did not assault the two boys because he
understands the pain and what is right.
WHAT HAVE I LEARNED
 Filipino-Chinese Literature is an important part of Philippine literature for it is a melting pot of two
cultures and the unique experiences that being a part of this melting pot brings.
 It’s contribution to Philippines are Filipino Chinese wield a tremendous economic clout unerringly
disproportionate to their small population size over their indigenous Filipino majority counterparts and
play a critical role in maintaining the country's economic vitality and prosperity.
DEATH OF THE AUTHOR
1. Barthes' essay argues against the practice of integrating an author's motives and biographical meaning into an
understanding of a text in conventional literary criticism, and instead argues that writing and creator are
unrelated. The "death of the author" concept implies that meaning is not something that is recovered or
discovered after it has been present all along, but rather something that emerges spontaneously during the
reading of a document. "The Death of the Author" by Roland Barthes is an assault on conventional literary
criticism, which focuses too much on retracing the author's intentions and original purpose.
2. New historicism, a literary theory that seeks to explain intellectual history through literature and literature
through its cultural context, is based on the 1950s field of idea history and refers to itself as a kind of "Cultural
Poetics."
It can be applied to a given text by recognizing that a literary work, or rather any literary work, has time,
location, and therefore a historical event as key components, and that these key elements can actually be
deciphered from the literary text following careful examination of the text, even if these elements are not clearly
represented by the writer in his or her work.
3. “The Death of the Author” is a 1967 essay by Roland Barthes, a French literary critic and philosopher. It is a
highly influential and controversial essay and it contributes to and influences the world of literary criticism in a
variety of ways.
It is a good way to look at a literary text today since literary texts are part of every civilization's heritage; by
reading them, we will learn about the social, political, and religious circumstances of the time, as well as the
artist's emotions and feelings.
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 21st Century Literature from the World | SHAHARMIE GARCIA

EXCERPT FROM THINGS FALL APART

1. African Culture is varied and manifold. It is expressed in arts and crafts, folklore and religion, clothing,
cuisine, music and languages.
2. I think that this novel contributes to world literature by inscribing African culture into the canvas of world
culture through its Igbo version. The story follows the lives of people as they try to figure out which belief
systems deserve their allegiance and focuses on the socio-political aspects. Things Fall Apart was characterized
as a realistic novel by Achebe's impartial narration and helped pave the way for numerous other African
authors.

MODULE 2: CHARTING OUR OWN IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

Learning Competency
ILLUSTRATED NOVEL
• Story through text and illustrated images
• 50% of the narrative is presented without words
• The reader must interpret the images to comprehend the story
completely.
• Textual portions are presented in traditional form.
• Some illustrated novels may contain no text at all.
• Span all genres.
DIGI-FICTION
• Triple Media Literature
• Combines three media: book, movie/video and internet website
To get the full story, students must engage in navigation, reading, and
viewing in all three forms.
GRAPHIC NOVEL
• Narrative in comic book formats
• Narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using a
comic form.
• The term is employed in broadly manner, encompassing non-fiction
works and thematically linked short stories as well as fictional stories
across a number of genres.
MANGA
• Japanese word for comics
• It is used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all comic
books and graphic novels originally published in Japan.
• Considered as an artistic and storytelling style.
DOODLE FICTION
• Literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing,
drawings and handwritten graphics in place of the traditional font.
• Drawing enhances the story, often adding humorous elements
TEXT-TALK NOVELS
• Blogs, email and IM format narratives
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 21st Century Literature from the World | SHAHARMIE GARCIA

• Stories told almost entirely in dialogue simulating social network

exchanges.
CHICK LIT or CHICK LITERATURE
• Is genre fiction which addresses issues of modern womanhood, often
humorously and light-heartedly.
• Chick Lit typically features a female protagonist whose femininity is
heavily thermalizing in the plot.
FLASH FICTION
• Is a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity
• There is no widely accepted definition of the length and category. It
could range from word to a thousand.
SIX-WORD FLASH FICTION
• Style of writing which involves producing very short pieces of fictional literature.3
CREATIVE NON-FICTION
• Also known as literary non-fiction or narrative non-fiction
• A genre of writing that uses literary styles and techniques to create
factually accurate narratives.
• Contrasts with other non-fiction, such as technical writing or
journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but is not primarily
written in service to its craft.
• As a genre, creative non-fiction is still relatively young and is only
beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to
fiction and poetry.
SCIENCE FICTION
• Is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts
such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel,
faster than light travel, a parallel universe and extra-terrestrial life.
• Often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other
innovations and has been called a “literature of ideas”.
BLOG
• A weblog, a website containing short articles called posts that are
changed regularly.
• Some blogs are written by one person containing his or her own
opinions, interests and experiences, while others are written by
different people.
HYPER POETRY
• Digital poetry that uses links and hypertext mark-up
• It can either involved set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented
in variable order but sit on the page much as traditional poetry does,
or it can contain parts of the poem that move and transform.
• It is usually found online, through CD-ROM and diskette versions
exist.

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 21st Century Literature from the World | SHAHARMIE GARCIA

WHAT HAVE I LEARNED SO FAR?

1. Formalism is a school of literary criticism and literary theory that focuses on the structural purposes of a text.
It is used to analyze a literary text by identifying some of the literary elements used within a specific collection,
such as characterization, context, plot, and theme.
2. The difficulties that a family in a village faces as a result of a large flood are described in this poem. It
familiarizes me as a reader by inspiring or influencing me that even though we face adversity or hardship in life,
we can never lament and always accept it without losing hope, remembering that everything happens for a
reason. It's a fact of life. That's how we handle it; we welcome it.
EXCERPT FROM MONSOON COUNTRY
1. Tadpole is having difficulties with speaking because he was born in the year of horse and on the day he was
born was the start of monsoonal rains. Maybe his parents did not teach him very well in speaking, or maybe he
is deaf.
Yes.
2. They will no longer laugh at or bully tadpole. He will free and his life will be peaceful. He will also be loved
by his family and fellow human being. He can now do the things he want to experience.
3. The countries that experience monsoon are Bangladesh, Bhenin, Bhutan, Myanmar, India, Indonesia, Taiwan.
South Korea, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, Japan, Australia, Pakistan, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Malaysia,
Mexico and USA.
4. The rain's strength and intensity differ greatly depending on a number of factors, including where you are in
Thailand. Monsoon rains are usually brief, intense bursts of rain. They could last several hours in the middle of
the day, but they could also end in about 15 minutes in the early evening. If the rain is especially heavy, there
are additional health and safety risks, as well as the possibility of a landslide. Thailand is prone to flooding. The
rain will attract creepy crawlies such as mosquitoes, snakes, and rats.

TASK 1. FORMULATING 5Ws AND 1H QUESTION

1. What is this?
Answer: An invitation.
2. Who are invited?
Answer: All environmentalists are invited.
3. When is it?
Answer: Sunday, June 20, 2021 at 5:00 in the morning.
4. Where is the venue?
Answer: Bayview Grounds Roxas Boulevard, Pasay City

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