Darcelle Paul Lab Assignment 2

Chapter 2 Review Questions

1.      Which subatomic particle has a neutral charge?

a.      Electron
b.      Neutron
c.      Proton
 
2.      Isotopes are atoms of the same element but differ in the number of?
a.      Electrons
b.      Protons
c.      Neutrons
 
3.      Changing the number of protons forms ions of the same element.
a.      This is true
b.      This is false
 
4.      Which of the following has the highest concentration of H+ ions?
a.      pH = 2
b.      pH = 6
c.      pH = 8
d.      pH = 14
 
5.      Which of the following properties of water is a consequence of its ability to
form H bonds?
a.      Cohesion
b.      High specific heat
c.      Adhesion
d.      Ability to function as a solvent
e.      All of the above
 
6.      An atom with more electrons than protons is –
a.      An element
b.      An isotope
c.      A cation
d.      An anion
 
7.      If a molecule loses an electron it has been –
a.      Oxidized
b.      Reduced
 
8.      Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the weakest?
a.      Hydrogen Bond
b.      Ionic Bond
c.      Covalent Bond
d.      All are equal strength
 
9.      In the formation of salt, the chlorine atom –
a.      Gains an electron from sodium
b.      Becomes a positive ion
c.      Has one more proton than electron
d.      A and B are correct
e.      A, B and C are correct
 
10.   14C has an atomic number of 6. How many neutrons does 14C have?
a.      6
b.      7
c.      8
d.      10
 
11.   Nitrogen’s atomic number is 7. How many electrons are in carbon’s outer
shell?
a.      4
b.      5
c.      6
d.      7
e.      8
 
12.   A water strider is an insect that can walk on water. How is this possible?
a.      Capillary action
b.      Hydration shells
c.      Hydrophobic exclusion
d.      Surface tension
 
13.   Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
a.      Electron
b.      Neutron
c.      Proton
 
14.   Which of the following has the lowest concentration of H+ ions?
a.      pH = 2
b.      pH = 6
c.      pH = 8
d.      pH = 12
e.      pH = 14
15.   An atom with more protons than electrons is –
a.      An element
b.      An isotope
c.      A cation
d.      An anion
 
16.   What kind of chemical bond is formed when atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons?
a.      Covalent bond
b.      Ionic bond
c.      Hydrogen bond
d.      Polar bond
 
17.   In the formation of salt, the sodium atom –
a.      Loses an electron to chlorine
b.      Becomes a positive ion
c.      Has one more proton than electron
d.      A and B are correct
e.      A, B and C are correct
 
18.   18O has an atomic number of 8. How many neutrons does 18O have?
a.      8
b.      10
c.      12
d.      18
 
19.   Carbon’s atomic number is 6. How many electrons are in carbon’s outer
shell?
a.      2
b.      4
c.      6
d.      8
 
20.   What property of an atom determines how it forms bonds?
a.      Atomic Mass
b.      Atomic number
c.      Valance electrons
d.      Orbits
e.      Neutrons
 
21.   Compare and contrast covalent and ionic bonds.
 A covalent bond is formed when atoms share two or more electrons. While an
ionic bond is formed by the attraction of oppositely charges ions. In covalent
bonds, atoms share electrons, whereas in ionic bonds atoms transfer electrons.
 22.   Why does pure water have a pH = 7?
Even in pure water ions tend to form due to random processes (producing some H+
and OH- ions). The amount of H+ that is made in pure water is about equal to a pH
of 7. That's why 7 is neutral.
 
23.   Explain how buffers can stabilize the pH of a solution?
Buffers is a substance that resist change in PH by, releasing hydrogen ions when
base is added and by absorbing hydrogen ions when base is added.