14 Chapter-6 Design Aspects

Chapter – 6
Design Aspects
6.0 Engineering Assessment
As already discussed in the foregoing chapters, the main objective of

Par-Tapi-Narmada link project is divertion of the surplus waters of West
flowing Par, Auranga, Ambica and Purna river basins to provide irrigation
facilities in tribal areas enroute the link canal lying on Right side, to cater
the command areas of five projects namely Khuntali, Ugta, Sidhumber,
Khata Amba and Zankhari, proposed by Government of Gujarat along with
enroute command area lying on left side by gravity, Command areas in
tribal areas of Chhota Udepur and Panchmahal districts from Narmada Main
Canal of Sardar Sarovar Project on substitution basis, supply of drinking
water to tribal dominant districts of Dang and Valsad of Gujarat State and
Nasik district of Maharashtra State along with drinking water supply to
most of the villages and filling of Panchayat tanks in the vicinity of the link
canal and reservoirs. The link canal will take-over the part command area
of the existing Miyagam Branch Canal of Narmada Canal System. The
Narmada waters so saved in Sardar Sarovar Project would be utilized in
Saurashtra region of Gujarat by substitution through Narmada Canal System
to meet irrigation, domestic and other requirements.
With a view to complete the Detailed Project Report of this project

within scheduled time and also to utilize the vast experience of other Central
/ State Government Organisation in the relevant fields, the works related to
design aspects of various components of the project have been got done
through various Design Directorates of Central Water Commission (CWC).
The details of the designs are briefly discussed in this chapter.
6.1 General
Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project envisages construction of following

components:
i) A 808.32 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

cum concrete dam across river Par near village Jheri with FRL 246.00
291
m and corresponding gross storage capacity 206.03 MCM. The
length of concrete face rock fill portion of the dam is 663.32 m and
the length of concrete non-overflow section and spill way is 145.00
m. The dam axis is located at Latitude 20°22'25" N and Longitude
73°25'51" E.
ii) A 1431.85 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

cum concrete dam across river Nar (a tributary of Par river) near
village Paikhed with FRL 248.00 m and corresponding gross storage
capacity of 229.53 MCM. The length of concrete face rock fill
portion of the dam is 1310.85 m and the length of concrete non-
overflow section and spill way is 121.00 m. The dam axis is located
at Latitude 20°27'42" N and Longitude 73°23'37" E;
iii) A power house of 9 MW installed capacity at the toe of Paikhed dam

with 3 units each of 3 MW.
iv) A 2781.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

cum concrete dam across river Tan (a tributary of Auranga river) near
village Chasmandva with FRL 214.00 m and corresponding gross
storage capacity of 83.63 MCM. The length of concrete face rock fill
portion of the dam is 2703.00 m and the length of concrete non
overflow section and spill way is 78.00 m. The dam axis is located at
Latitude 20°37'02" N and Longitude 73°22'36" E.
v) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the toe of Chasmandva

dam with 2 units each of 1 MW.
vi) A 1887.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

cum concrete dam across river Ambica near village Chikkar with FRL
210.00 m and corresponding gross storage capacity of 141.99 MCM.
The length of concrete face rock fill portion of the dam is 1736.00 m
and the length of concrete non overflow section and spill way is
151.00 m. The dam axis is located at Latitude 20°42'00" N and
Longitude 73°30'50" E.
vii) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the toe of Chikkar dam

with 2 units each of 1 MW.
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viii) A 1170.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)
cum concrete dam across river Khapri (a tributary of Ambica river)
near village Dabdar with FRL 169.00 m and corresponding gross
storage capacity 222.38 MCM. The length of concrete face rock fill
portion of the dam is 1035.00 m and the length of concrete non
overflow section and spill way is 135.00 m. The dam axis is located at
Latitude 20°48'58" N and Longitude 73°32'05" E.
ix) A power house of 3.2 MW installed capacity at the toe of Dabdar dam
with 2 units each of 1.60 MW.
x) A 1330.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

cum concrete dam across river Purna near village Kelwan with FRL
164.00 m and corresponding gross storage capacity of 282.16 MCM.
The length of concrete face rock fill portion of the dam is 1141.00 m
and the length of concrete non overflow section and spill way is
189.00 m. The main dam is located at Latitude 20°55'30" N and
Longitude 73°32'00" E.
xi) A power house of 2.5 MW installed capacity at the toe of Kelwan

dam with 2 units each of 1.25 MW.
xii) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the fall of feeder pipe

line connecting Kelwan dam with main link canal with 2 units each of
1 MW.
xiii) A tunnel of about 12.70 km long with 3.00 m diameter (D shape) and
bed slope of 1:875 connecting Jheri reservoir with Paikhed reservoir.
xiv) A 147.50 m long barrage in the downstream of Paikhed dam with

crest level of 136.00 m
xv) A 128.00 m long barrage in the downstream of Chasmandva dam with

crest level of 123.00 m.
xvi) A 369.043 km long link canal off-taking from Paikhed barrage at FSL
142.800 m.
xvii) A 100 m long tunnel No.1 at RD 14.650 to 14.750 km; A 350 m long
tunnel No.2 at RD 24.000 to 24.350 km; A 200 m long tunnel No.3 at
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RD 32.350 to 32.550 km; A 50 m long tunnel No.4 at RD 37.750 to
37.800 km; and A 450 m long tunnel No.5 at RD 51.500 to 51.950
km;
xviii) A 2.859 km feeder Pipe line connecting main canal with Chasmandva
barrage.
xix) A 14.342 km feeder Pipe line inters connecting Chikkar and Dabdar
reservoirs.
xx) A 12.258 km feeder Pipe line connecting main canal with Dabdar
dam.
xxi) A 7.616 km feeder Pipe line connecting main canal with Kelwan dam.
xxii) Cross Drainage / Cross Masonry works including Regulators,

Escapes, Road/ Railway bridges (469 No).
Index Map of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project is at Plate - 1.1 in Volume –

VIII (A).
6.1.1 Geology, Seismicity and Foundation

6.1.1.1 Geology
Geological Investigations of the Jheri, Chasmandava, Chikkar,

Dabdar and Kelwan dam sites were carried out through Geological Survey
of India (GSI), Jaipur during preparation of Feasibility Report of the project.
During preparation of DPR geological investigations could not be carried
out at these dam sites, except at Paikhed and Chasmandva dams, due to
resistance from local people. Therefore, the geological investigations carried
out at DPR stage for Paikhed and Chasmandva dams and for other dams at
FR stage have been used for design of dams. The Length and RDs of dam
axis indicated in GSI report are as per the dam alignment adopted at FR
stage.
The project area is occupied by Deccan Lava flows intruded by

dolerite dykes and sill. Very commonly due to differentiation the middle
portion of a flow exhibits a dolerite texture. They are of Cretaceous-Eocene
294
age. The flows comprise vesicular and amygdaloidal basalts with vesicles
filled by zeolite, calcite and green-earth. (Geological mapping in parts of
Nasik district, Maharashtra; Unpublished Progress Report GSI F.S. 1974-75,
Iyyer,R.K.). In general the basalts are without olivine, consisting of basic
glass. Where coarsely crystalline they show appreciable quantity of olivine.
Porphyry are formed by Phenocrysts of feldspar (Manual of Geology of
India and Burma, Vol. III, Pacoe, E.H. 1973). The flows commonly contain
ash beds. These ash beds resemble the flows in their macroscopic
appearance. Another feature of the Traps is the alteration of its basal portion
into green earth. Frequently it is found not only in between the flows but
also in vesicles. Another common occurring rock type is the red-bole,
characterized by its conspicuous colour. The red-bole is clay formed by
decomposition of the crust of lower flow, something a kin to present day
laterisation of the traps. The area has been subjected to faulting and
shearing. Several instances of block faulting with small throws are common.
These are related to the Sone-Narmada-Rift system and the Sabarmati –
west coast faulting.
Geophysical surveys were carried out by the officers of Geophysics

Division-III, Geological Survey of India, Western Region, Jaipur for
NWDA for delineating the bedrock and demarcating the subsurface features
at dam sites. Geophysical surveys were carried out during the year 1993
and1994 employing electrical resistivity, seismic refraction and magnetic
(VF) techniques at Jheri in Nasik district of Maharashtra; Chasmandva in
Valsad district of Gujarat; Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan in Dang Districts
of Gujarat along dam and Energy Dissipation (E.D) line at each of these
five proposed dam sites. A total of 179 vertical electrical resistivity
soundings (VES); 44 explosive source refraction seismic shots (S.P.); 186
hammer sources seismic shots (H.S.); and 947 magnetic observations were
recorded at these five sites to achieve the objective.
The geo-technical investigations carried out by the GSI are

principally confined to the masonry sections. These included large scale
(1:1000) mapping of the dam site area, logging of exploratory bore holes
and trial pits, geophysical traverses along the dam axis and across the
energy dissipating arrangements/stilling basin area, and photo-geological
interpretation of the area encompassing the dam site. While the photo-
295
geological interpretation has been done for all the seven dam sites, the rest
of the work including field checks of the photo-interpretation has been done
for only 5 dam sites, viz. Jheri, Chasmandva, Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan.
The work carried out at each of the 5 dam sites at Feasibility Report stage of
the Link Project is given in Table- 6.1 below.
Table – 6.1
Details of Geological Investigations at Various Dam
S. Work done Jheri Chasma Chikkar Dabdar KelwanTotal
ndva
No.
1 Photo-geological 22 32 25 25 25 261 (including

Interpretation – Paikhed:60
Scale: km2and
1:25000/30000
Mohankavchali:72
(km2)
km2)
2 Geophysical
Traverses (in
line kms/ shots/
soundings taken)
a) Seismic:
i) Refraction 0.346 3.488 2.065 0.895 1.60 7.334
4 16 8 8 8 44
ii) Hammer 0.66 2.79 1.61 1.766 1.33 8.156
22 62 46 44 12 186
b) Resistivity 2.18 7.82 11.18 6.58 6.36 34.12
22 51 42 28 36 179
c) Magnetic 1.359 5.953 4.17 2.379 2.96 16.821
84 321 225 149 168 947
3 Eng. Geology
a) Large scale 0.56 1.98 2.1 1.3 1.788 7.628

mapping on
1:1000 (km2)
b) Bore Hole 4 - 1 4 - 9
logging (nos and
296
S. Work done Jheri Chasma Chikkar Dabdar KelwanTotal
ndva
No.
aggregate length 125.53 54.86 137.14 317.53

in ‘m’)
c) Trial pit - 11 8 7 10 36
logging (nos and
aggregate depth 12.90 11.47 20.8 12.53 57.70
in ‘m’)
The details on Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations and

Preliminary Geophysical surveys carried out at the dam sites are appended
as Appendix: 4.2, 4.4 and 4.8 in Volume-III: Appendices – Surveys and
Investigations.
The DPR stage Geotechnical Investigations could not be initiated at

most of the dam sites due to the hindrances created by the local people of
the project area. However, the subsurface exploration was carried out by
core logging of 19 nos. of bore holes drilled at the Chasmandva dam site
and 12 nos. of bore holes drilled at Paikhed dam site, to know the suitability
of the foundation rocks, to decide the tentative foundation depth and to
know the permeability of the foundation rocks. The bore hole core logging
of 413.75 m and 622.95 m has been carried out in Chasmandva and Paikhed
dam sites respectively with an aggregate length of 1036.70 m. The details
are furnished in Appendix: 4.5 of Volume-III: Appendices – Survey and
Investigations.
6.1.1.2 Seismicity
A site specific Seismic study of the project area has been

carried out by CWPRS (Report No. 4848, June 2011- revised as per NCSDP
guidelines in June 2012) for determining the seismic design parameters for
dams of the link project. The study is appended as Appendix: 4.3 in
Volume-III: Appendices – Survey and Investigations. The seismic
coefficients adopted by CWC for design of Jheri, Paikhed, Chasmandva,
Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan dams are given in Table – 6.2 below:
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Table – 6.2
Seismic Coefficients Adopted for Dams
Dam Height of Dam Natural Period Horizontal Vertical Seismic
(m) (s) Seismic Coefficient (αv), g
Coefficient
(αh), g
Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen
Jheri 36.5 76.0 0.089 0.882 0.090 0.017 0.085 0.012
Paikhed 90.0 5.4 0.221 0.666 0.086 0.024 0.078 0.017
Chasmandva 35.4 51.0 0.086 0.592 0.088 0.028 0.083 0.020
Chikkar 29.9 60.0 0.073 0.696 0.082 0.023 0.076 0.016
Dabdar 62.4 51.4 0.151 0.596 0.097 0.028 0.091 0.019
Kelwan 62.4 50.1 0.151 0.581 0.097 0.029 0.091 0.020
6.1.1.3 Foundation Treatment
Embankment
The abutments downstream of the plinth and upstream of the dam

axis shall be stripped of all surface deposits and loose material to expose the
high points of in situ rock. Any surface material remaining between rock
points will not adversely affect embankment settlement after rockfill
placement. For a distance of 0.5H with minimum 10.0m downstream of the
plinth, all overhangs and vertical faces shall be removed.
Plinth of the CFRD
The plinth of the CFRD is a significant part of dam construction. The

plinth or toe slab connects the foundation with the face slab. The plinth
design, dimensions, stability, construction and foundation treatment are
most important. In case of all CFRDs, the dimensions of the plinth, selected
based on precedent, vary with the reservoir head and with foundation
conditions.
A continuous reinforced concrete plinth, cast on a competent
foundation at an acceptable depth along the upstream toe of the dam, forms
the ideal watertight connection between the concrete face slab and the rock
foundation. In case of CFRDs of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project, as per the
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geological conditions, plinth will be placed on competent rock in all the
reaches. The plinth is proposed to be anchored into rock with steel bars and
it will serve as the grout cap for foundation consolidation and curtain
grouting.
As the adequate information about the foundation in respect of all the

six dams in Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project is not available, the specific
details of foundation treatment can only be given only at the construction
stage after the availability of detailed realistic information pertaining to the
foundations of all the six dams, based upon the detailed geological and
geotechnical investigations. However, in the Drawings related to
“foundation treatment” in respect of all dams, the tentative foundation
treatment in the form of curtain grouting, consolidation grouting and rock
anchors of 32mm diameters below the plinth has been shown. The rock
anchors assure good contact with the foundation. 32 mm diameter and 5
meter deep (into rock) rock anchors at 1.5 m c/c have been proposed for all
the dams.
In the present DPR, the provisions of curtain grouting and

consolidation grouting have been made. Curtain grouting has been provided
for the 1/2 to 2/3rd of the reservoir head at that particular location subject to
a minimum of 10.0m. For a CFRD, the consolidation grouting is of special
importance because of the relatively short seepage path through the rock
directly under the plinth. Consolidation grouting shall be carried out up to a
depth of 0.15H (where H is Water head) subject to a minimum of 8.0m. The
maximum spacing of consolidation grout holes shall be about 3m.
The requirement and final details about curtain/consolidation grouting

shall be firmed up at construction stage after detailed foundation
investigations and in consultation with resident geologists.
Concrete Non-overflow and Overflow Portion
Grouting shall be done under close guidance of Geologist and procedure

adopted at site should conform to IS 6066(latest edition). Any shear, fault
299
plane or other geological features encountered in the foundation shall be
suitably treated in consultation with the Geologist.
Curtain Grouting under spillway at u/s may be carried out as per IS 6066
in consultation with the Geologist. The spacing, depth and inclination of
grout holes may be modified depending upon the State of foundation rock
after excavation and based on the results of grout acceptance tests done in
consultation with the Geologist.
Consolidation grouting shall be done in 100 % of the base width in

the foundation area of overflow and Non-Overflow portion. Minimum
diameter of consolidation grouting holes shall be 38 mm.
The foundation treatment details are presented in Drawing Nos.

PTNL-5900-P-1042, PTNL-5900-P-3045, PTNL-5900-P-1028, PTNL-
5900-P-3004, PTNL-5900-P-1035, PTNL-5900-P-3025, PTNL-5900-P-
1049andPTNL-5900-P-3065 (Plates –6.1, 6.18, 6.25, 6.41, 6.49, 6.64, 6.71,
6.88) in Volume-VIII (A) and PTNL-5900-P-1056, PTNL-5900-P-3085,
PTNL-5900-P-1063and PTNL-5900-P-3105 (Plates –6.95, 6.112, 6.119 and
6.136) in Volume-VIII (B).
6.1.1 Alternative Studies Carried Out for Selection of Site and Type
Of Structure
The dam sites have been selected by examining alternative locations

and site visits. The dam sites proposed are the narrowest portions with firm
banks and where the bed rock levels are available at reasonable depths.
6.1.3 Choice of Final Layout of all Major Components of the Project

and Reason
The Geological/ Geotechnical investigations were carried out at the

Feasibility Report Stage by Geological Survey of India. The input of the
geological data for the design is based on the GSI report. These includes
large scale(1:1000) mapping of the dam site area, logging of exploratory
bore holes and trial pits, geophysical traverses along the dam axis and across
the energy dissipation arrangements/stilling basin area, and photo-
geological interpretation of the area encompassing the dam sites. While the
Photo-geological interpretation has been done for all the 6 dam sites, the rest
of the work including field checks of the photo-interpretation has been done
only for 5 dam sites viz. Jheri in Nashik district, Maharashtra; Chasmandva
300
in Valsad district, Gujarat; Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan in the Dangs
district, Gujarat; and for the other dam site, viz Paikhed, this could not be
carried out due to ‘local hindrances’. During DPR stage, the dam axis of all
the dam sites at spillway portion has been shifted in consideration to the
above Geological parameters.
To divert the water into Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Canal from Paikhed

and Chasmandva reservoirs, two barrages, namely Paikhed Barrage and
Chasmandva Barrage are proposed at about 4.6 km and 8.5 km in
downstream of the respective reservoirs. Originally at Feasibility Report
Stage of the Link Project weirs were proposed for diversion of water to the
link canal but for better control and regulation Barrages have been
considered at DPR stage planning. The barrage location has been finalized
on the basis of FSL of canal off taking from the barrage, topography etc.
The axis of barrage has been located where the river reach is straight and the
banks are well defined. The area on either flank of barrage (bank side) shall
be developed to suitable elevation so that water is safely contained in the
barrage pondage.
The locations of surface power houses have been selected by studying

the limited contour details available as no site visits could be made to
ascertain the suitability of the strata due to public hindrance. Hence the
Power House locations shall be confirmed after site inspections and in
consultation with geologist at pre-construction stage.
The reservoirs formed by Jheri and Paikhed dams are proposed to be

linked by a link tunnel of 3.0m diameter (D-shaped) and 12.700 km, in
length. The alignment of the link tunnel and one construction adit has been
finalized by CWC on the basis of contour maps and data supplied by
NWDA. The layout of the intake structure has been planned based on the
geological and topographical data and the alignment of Jheri to Paikhed
Link Tunnel. For discharge of water at the end of the tunnel from Jheri to
Paikhed Reservoir, an out fall structure has been provided keeping in view
the topography and geology at the outfall location in Paikhed Reservoir.
The alignment of the proposed Par –Tapi-Narmada link canal and

feeder pipe lines are finalized on the basis of field topographical surveys
done at Feasibility Report stage and DPR stage. The canals are aligned
301
mostly as contour canals. The main link canal has to cross the ridges
between various basins and sub-basins wherein deep cuts are involved and
also to cross many rivers and streams requiring construction of cross
drainage works. Five tunnels of varying length have been proposed to avoid
circuitous route, CD works and deep cutting.
6.1.4 Design Flood and Sediment Studies

6.1.4.1 Design Flood Studies
The design flood and diversion flood studies of Jheri, Paikhed,

Chasmandva, Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan dams have been carried out by
Hydrological Studies Organisation (HSO), CWC, New Delhi using hydro
meteorological approach. The PMF and 50 /100 year return period diversion
floods as finalized for these projects are given in Table – 6.3 below.
Table – 6.3
PMF and 50 /100 Year Return Period Diversion Floods
S.No. Dam PMF Diversion Flood (cumec)
(cumec) 50 Year Return 100 Year Return

Period Period
1 Jheri 6539 2703 2989
2 Paikhed 5307 2017 2211
3 Chasmandva 2578 1024 1065
4 Chikkar 5649 2167 2374
5 Dabdar 6683 2539 2796
6 Kelwan 7979 3102 3428
The details of design flood and diversion flood studies of dams

are furnished at Appendix-5.3 in Volume –IV.
6.1.4.2 Sediment Studies
As a part of Hydrological Studies of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project,

the Sedimentation Studies of the reservoirs proposed under the Link Project
302
have been carried out by Hydrological Studies Organisation, CWC, New
Delhi. The details of sedimentation studies are furnished in Appendix - 5.2
of Volume – IV: Appendices – Hydrology and Water assessment.
In the above studies, the sedimentation rate was adopted based on

direct discharge and sediment data on catchment area, where the proposed
project is located near the GandD sites. Sediment rate of 9 ha.m/100 sq
km/year has been adopted in the studies. Using the Sedimentation rate the
deposited sediment volume in the reservoirs and new zero elevation for the
dams has been determined. The New Zero Elevation for different dams as
assessed after 50 and 100 years sedimentation are summarized in the Table
6.4 below:
Table – 6.4
New Zero Elevations
S. dam After 50 years After 100 years
No. Sediment New Zero Sediment New Zero

Volume Elevation Volume Elevation
(MCM) (m) (MCM) (m)
1 Jheri 18.01 185.00 35.94 198.50
2 Paikhed 13.57 164.34 27.11 171.88
3 Chasmandva 3.88 171.75 7.76 176.00
4 Chikkar 13.04 162.10 26.03 169.30
5 Dabdar 19.55 119.90 39.03 126.90
6 Kelwan 29.90 122.20 59.69 128.20
6.1.4.3 Flood Routing Studies
The flood routing analysis is performed and spillway capacity has

also been checked for one gate inoperative condition as per the provisions
contained in para. 3.6.1 of IS: 11223 - ‘Guidelines for fixing spillway
Capacity’. The flood routing studies for the 6 reservoirs have been carried
out by Modified Pulse method to determine Maximum Water Level
(MWL).The reservoir level at the beginning of flood routing has been
assumed at FRL. This will ensure maximum storage in the reservoir. The
results of Flood Routing for all the 6 dams are given in Table – 6.5:
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Table – 6.5
Results of Flood Routing at Proposed Dams
Sl.No Dam Crest FRL MWL Maximum PMF

Level (m) (m) Routed (Cumecs)
(m) Outflow
(Cumecs)
1 Jheri 234 246 247 6586.04 6539
2 Paikhed 236 248 249 5225.9 5307
3 Chasmandva 202 214 215 3043.73 2578
4 Chikkar 198 210 212 5225.51 5649
5 Dabdar 157 169 170 6581.75 6683
6 Kelwan 152 164 166 6581.58 7979
The salient features of dam spillways are given in Table – 6.6:
Table – 6.6
Salient Features of Dam Spillways
Sl.No Details Jheri Paikhed Chasmandva Chikkar Dabdar Kelwan
PMF(in
1
Cumecs) 6539 5307 2578 5649 6683 7979
Top Of Dam
2
(in m) 253 255 222 217 177 174
3 MWL (in m) 247 249 215 212 170 166
4 FRL (in m) 246 248 214 210 169 164
Crest Level(in
5
m) 234 236 202 198 157 152
6 MDDL ( in m) 220 225 190 180 140 140
Silt Elevation
7
(in m) 234 236 202 198 157 130
Foundation
8
Level (in m) 215 210 184 170 132 123
Height of
9 Spillway
(in m) 38 45 35 47 45 51
15
10 Size of Gate(W 15 mx12 15 mx12 12 mx12 m 15 mx12 m mx12 15m
X H) m m m x12 m
11 No. Of Bays 5 4 3 4 5 5
Pier Thickness
12 4 4 4 4 4 4
( in m)
13 U/S Slope 0.1:1 0.1:1 0.1:1 0.1:1 0.1:1 0.1:1
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Sl.No Details Jheri Paikhed Chasmandva Chikkar Dabdar Kelwan
14 D/S Slope 0.9:1 0.8:1 0.9:1 0.9:1 0.9:1 0.9:1
Horz. Seismic
15 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
Co-efficient
Vertical
16 Seismic 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
Co-efficient
Type of EDA Ski Ski Ski Jump Ski Jump Ski Ski
17 Jump Jump Bucket Bucket Jump Jump
Bucket Bucket Bucket Bucket
Radius of
18 Bucket (in 30 30 30 30 30 20
m)
Invert level of
19 176 160 178 155 114 115
Bucket(in m)
20 TWL (in m) 178 185 190 164 123 127
Lip Level ( in
21 180 165 182 170 125 130
m)
Lip Angle
22 30 35 35 30 30 30
(in Degrees)
6.1.5 Free Board for Fixing Top Elevation of Various Dams
Ample Free Board above the FRL has been kept for dams to mitigate
against the effects of a major earthquake and wind conditions. For
computations of free board, in respect of all six dams envisaged in Par-
Tapi-Narmada Link Project, guidelines given in IS 10635:1993 have been
followed. Due to non-availability of realistic wind velocity, based on
information contained in IS 875 (Part 3), the Basic wind speed at the all the
dam sites has been taken as 44m/sec (at land surface) while computing the
Freeboard in respect of all six dams. Apart from the freeboard, a tentative
settlement allowance of 1% of the height of the dam above the approximate
deepest acceptable foundation level (based upon the data given in GSI’s
reports) of the dam has also been taken into account while fixing the top
levels (the levels, arrived so have been rounded off to the nearest whole
numeric value to achieve the top level of a particular dam) of all the dams of
the Link project. Features of the CFRDs may require revision based upon
realistic site conditions and related data at the construction stage of the
project.
6.1.5.1 Jheri Dam
305
The FRL and MWL are at EL 246.00m and EL 247.00m respectively.
Top level of Jheri dam has been fixed at EL 253.00 m and top of parapet
wall has been fixed at EL 254.20 m.
6.1.5.2 Paikhed Dam
The FRL and MWL are at EL 248.00 m and EL 249.00 m

respectively. The top level of the Paikhed dam has been fixed at EL 255.00
m and top of parapet wall has been fixed at EL 256.20 m.
6.1.5.3 Chasmandva Dam

The top level of the Chasmandva dam has been fixed at EL 222.00 m and
top of parapet wall has been fixed at EL 223.20 m.
6.1.5.4 Chikkar Dam

The top level of the Chikkar dam has been fixed at EL 217.00 m and top of
parapet wall has been fixed at EL 218.20 m.
6.1.5.5 Dabdar Dam

The top level of the Dabdar dam has been fixed at EL 177.00 m and top of
6.1.5.6 Kelwan Dam
The FRL and MWL are at EL 164.00m and EL 166.00 m respectively.

The top level of the Kelwan dam has been fixed at EL 174.00 m and top of
The wind velocity at the dam sites, the Free Board computed at FRL
and MWL conditions and top of dam levels fixed for Jheri, Paikhed,
306
Chasmandva, Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan dams are summarized in the
Table – 6.7:
Table – 6.7
Wind Velocity, Free Board at FRL and MWL and Top of Dam Levels
S.No. Dam Wind Free board (m) Top of

Velocity Dam Level
FRL MWL
(Land) (m)
Condition Condition
(m/sec)
1 Jheri 44 7.00 6.00 253.00
2 Paikhed 44 7.00 6.00 255.00
3 Chasmandva 44 8.00 7.00 222.00
4 Chikkar 44 7.00 5.00 217.00
5 Dabdar 44 8.00 7.00 177.00
6 Kelwan 44 10.00 8.00 174.00
6.1.5.7 Paikhed Barrage
Paikhed barrage has been designed for 1:100 design flood i.e. 2223
cumecs and free board has been checked for discharge corresponding to 1 in
500 years (3606 cumecs). Due to proximity of dam on upstream, free board
has been checked for PMF (5307 cumecs) as well. The top of pier and
abutments were kept at 152.00 m.
6.1.5.8 Chasmandva Barrage
Chasmandva barrage has been designed for 1:100 design flood of

1571 cumecs and free board has been checked for discharge corresponding
to 1 in 500 yrs (2072 cumecs). Due to proximity of dam on the upstream,
free board has been checked for PMF (2578 cumecs) as well. The top of pier
and abutments were kept at 133.00 m.
6.1.6 River Diversion Arrangements
307
No formal diversion arrangement has been provided. The diversion
arrangement during project construction will be evolved depending upon the
requirement. As sufficient width is available, the flow only needs to be
channelized through formed channels which can be decided at construction
stage.
6.1.7 Construction Materials

6.1.7.1 Rock/River Boulder Samples (Coarse Aggregate)
The following physical and chemical tests were conducted in CSMRS

laboratory, New Delhi on the 12 rocks and river boulder samples wherein
six of rock and six of river boulder materials samples (Coarse Aggregate)
designated CSM lab. No. as CA-10 to CA-21 as per IS: 2386-1963
(Reaffirmed 1997) for their suitability for use as coarse aggregate in
concrete as per IS: 383-1970 (Reaffirmed 1997):
i) Specific Gravity
ii) Water Absorption (%)
iii) Soundness Loss (%) 5 cycles in Na2SO4 Solution
iv) Aggregate Impact Value (%)
v) Aggregate Abrasion Loss (%)
vi) Aggregate Crushing Value (%)
vii) Alkali Aggregate Reactivity Tests
viii) Petrographic Analysis
The results of physical and chemical tests and detailed Petrographic

examination report of GSI, Faridabad on Petrographic examination of above
samples are furnished in Appendix-4.9 of Volume-III: Survey and
Investigations.
Based on physical and chemical tests and ASR tests reports

conducted, it is found that the rock and river boulder quarries samples
( Coarse Aggregates ) 10 Nos. of coarse aggregates samples bearing Lab.
designated No. CA-10 to CA-13 and CA-15 to CA-17 and CA-19 to CA-21
are conforming to the codal requirements for use as coarse aggregate in
concrete for both wearing as well as non-wearing surfaces as per IS: 383-
308
1970. The two nos. river boulder samples bearing Lab. designated No. CA-
14 and CA-18 are suitable only for non-wearing surfaces.
6.1.7.2 Fine Aggregate Samples
Twelve fine aggregate samples, six of natural sand and six crushed
stone sand prepared from the crushing of rock samples, designated lab. no.
FA-11 to FA-22 were subjected to the following physical and chemical tests
as per IS: 2386-1963 to assess their suitability for use as fine aggregate in
concrete:
i) Fineness Modulus
ii) Specific Gravity
iii) Silt and Clay Content
iv) Organic Impurities
v) Soundness Loss (%) 5 cycles in Na2SO4 Solution
vi) Alkali Aggregate Reactivity Tests
vii) Petrographic Analysis
The results of physical and chemical tests conducted in CSMRS
laboratory, New Delhi on natural sand samples and crushed sand samples
and the report on detailed Petrographic examination of the samples
conducted by GSI, Faridabad are furnished in Appendix-4.9 of Volume-III:
Survey and Investigations.
Based on physical tests report it is found that the natural sand sample
bearing Lab. designated No. FA- 11, 13,15,17,19 and 21, the fineness
modulus is in the range of 3.11 to 4.19 which shows that sand is coarser in
nature and three samples FA-15, 17and 21 also do not conform to any
grading zones I to IV of BIS: 383-1970. However, natural sand which is
coarser in nature may be used in construction works after blending with fine
sand to make the FM 2.5 to 3.0. The crushed sand Lab. designated no. FA-
12, 14,16,18,20 and 22, the fineness modulus varying between 2.73 to 3.77
and conform to the grading zone –I and II as per IS: 383--1970. However,
crushed sand having FM 3.77 which is coarse may also be used in
construction works after more crushing the sand to make FM between 2.5 to
3.0 so that it conforms the grading zone II/III of IS: 383-1970 and the dust
finer than 150 micron should not be more than 15%.
309
6.1.8 Details of Model Studies for Important Structures
No model studies are carried out at this stage. However, the same
may be taken up at pre-construction stage of the project for ensuring
satisfactory hydraulic performance of these structures.
6.2 Dam
6.2.1 Concrete Face Rock Fill Dam – Design Criteria and
Stability Analysis
6.2.1.1 General Layout
The Jheri dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete Faced

Rockfill Dam (CFRD) and Concrete Gravity Dam. The maximum height of
the CFRD portion of Jheri dam above river bed is 75.88 m and its total
length is 808.32 m. Out of this, the length of CFRD is 663.32 m and the rest
is NOF and OF blocks. The interface Key wall provided on upstream side
has a top width of 3 m and side slope 1.5(H): 1 (V) on the upstream side and
0.65:1 towards dam side. On the downstream side the thickness of wall is 10
m with slope of 1.5:1 and 0.25:1 towards dam side. The spillway blocks
have a length of 91 m and the length of NOF blocks is 54 m.
The Paikhed dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete faced

the CFRD portion of Paikhed dam above river bed is 94.40 m and its total
length is 1431.85 m. Out of this, the length of CFRD is 1310.85 m and the
rest is NOF and OF blocks. The interface Key wall provided on upstream
side has a top width of 3 m and side slope 1.5:1 on the upstream side and
0.65:1 towards dam side. On the downstream side the thickness of wall is 15
m with slope of 1.5:1 and 0.25:1 towards dam side. The spillway blocks
have a length of 72 m and the length of NOF blocks is 49 m.
The Chasmandva dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete

faced Rockfill Dam (CFRD) and Concrete Gravity Dam. The maximum
height of the CFRD portion of Chasmandva dam above river bed is 53.70 m
and its total length is 2781 m. Out of this, the length of CFRD is 2703 m
and the rest is NOF and OF blocks. The interface Key wall provided on
upstream side has a top width of 3 m and side slope 1.5:1 on the upstream
310
side and 0.65:1 towards dam side. On the downstream side the thickness of
wall is 15 m with slope of 1.5:1 and 0.25:1 towards dam side. The spillway
blocks have a length of 44 m and the length of NOF blocks is 34 m.
The Chikkar dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete faced

the CFRD portion of Chikkar dam above river bed is 62.27 m and its total
length is 1887 m. Out of this, the length of CFRD is 1736 m and the rest is
NOF and OF blocks. The interface Key wall provided on upstream side has
a top width of 3 m and side slope 1.5:1 on the upstream side and 0.65:1
towards dam side. On the downstream side the thickness of wall is 15 m
with slope of 1.5:1 and 0.25:1 towards dam side. The spillway blocks have a
length of 72 m and the length of NOF blocks is 79 m.
The Dabdar dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete faced

the CFRD portion of Dabdar dam above river bed is 63.65 m and its total
The Kelwan dam is a composite dam comprising of Concrete faced

the CFRD portion of Kelwan dam above river bed is 57.95 m and its total
The layout plans of the dams and appurtenant structures are shown in
Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-P-1036, 3041, 1022, 3001, 1029, 3021, 1043 and
3061(Plates –6.2, 6.8, 6.26, 6.32, 6.50, 6.56, 6.72 and 6.78) of Volume –
311
VIII (A) and Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-P-1050, 3081, 1057, 3101(Plates –
6.96, 6.102, 6.120 and 6.126) of Volume – VIII (B).
6.2.1.2 Background on Selection of CFRD
The Feasibility Report (FR) of the project was prepared by National

Water Development Agency (NWDA) in October, 2005. At the FR stage, 7
Nos. of Earth dams, namely, Jheri, Mohankavchali, Paikhed, Chasmandva,
Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan dams were proposed along with the spillways.
At DPR stage, 6 Nos. of Concrete Face Rockfill Dams: Jheri,

Paikhed, Chasmandva, Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan dams have been
envisaged in the project. Mohankavchali dam where no field investigations
could be carried out due to public hindrance has not been considered in the
present planning. During the design stage of all the six dams, a team of
CWC officers along with NWDA officers visited the Par-Tapi-Narmada
Link Project site during 20th -22nd November, 2012. During the visit, most
of the dam sites could not be approached by team up to the dam axis and
could only be seen from distance. However, all the storage sites witnessed
were found to be having exposed rock, which appeared to be sound from the
visual inspection. However, no sand or clay deposits could be seen. CWC
team noted that serious rethinking on the type of dam that is appropriate at
all locations than what is proposed in Feasibility report.
Later, in a meeting amongst CWC and NWDA officers, chaired by the

Chairman, CWC, during May, 2014, it was decided that at the DPR stage,
type of all six dams will be of Concrete Face Rockfill Dam (CFRD).
6.2.1.3 Attractive Features of a CFRD
As per ICOLD Bulletin No. 141, during the 1965-2000-development

period, many CFRDs were adopted to replace a previously selected arch,
gravity or earth-core-rockfill dam type. Reasons for the change to the CFRD
included the late discovery of adverse foundation conditions for a concrete
dam, cost, or lack of appropriate core material for an earth-core-rockfill
dam. Today, the CFRD is an established major dam type to be included in
initial project feasibility studies.
312
As per the ICOLD Bulletin No. 141 on “Concrete Face Rockfill
Dams-Concepts for Design and Construction” the attractive features of
CFRD in respect of design, construction and schedule are as under:
1. All of the zoned rockfill is downstream of the water barrier. The

overall sliding factor of safety often exceeds 7. The dam can also
reinforce abutments.
2. A parapet wall at the crest provides a wider surface for construction
of the face slab and reduces the volume of rockfill.
3. Uplift under the plinth is not an issue. The pressure on the foundation
exceeds the uplift pressure over three-quarters of the base width.
4. Water load is transmitted into the foundation upstream from the dam
axis, an inherently safe feature.
5. Since all of the rockfill is dry, earthquake shaking cannot cause
internal pore water pressure.
6. The conditions of high shear strength, no pore pressure, and small
settlement under seismic loading make the zoned rockfill inherently
resistant to seismic loading.
7. The only credible mechanism of failure of a CFRD founded on rock
is erosion by sustained overtopping flow. Hydrology, spillway, and
freeboard design is the response to this risk. Piping of the foundation
is a potential mode of failure as a result of the increasing use of
CFRDs on weathered rock and alluvial foundations.
8. Post construction movements are small, and cease after several years.
9. Surveillance by monitoring surface movement and measuring leakage
is required, as for any dam, but little or no instrumentation is needed
for safety monitoring.
10. Ramps are permitted within the body of the dam in any direction.
This minimizes haul roads to the dam and facilitates traffic and
placement on the dam.
11. The plinth construction and grouting are outside the dam and do not
interfere with embankment placement or the construction schedule.
12. Rockfill placement is relatively unrestricted and not affected by
rainfall. Scheduling is reliable.
313
As per ICOLD Bulletin No. 141, the maximum heights under
construction or planned exceed 200m. CFRD’s have performed well during
large earthquakes. In spite of poorly compacted rockfill in the older CFRD,
remarkably little damage has occurred. The concrete face will be supported
by processed crushed rock, high strength and high modulus materials.
Because the water barrier is located at the upstream face of the dam, the
embankment materials will not be saturated and, therefore, no deformations
will take place during or subsequent to an earthquake as a result of increased
pore water pressure within the CFRD. Rockfill zoning in a CFRD is also
such that permeability increases progressively from upstream to
downstream.
6.2.1.4 Design of Typical Section of CFRDs
All the CFRDs, envisaged in Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project, have

been assumed to be rested on competent rock. The top width of all the six
dams have been fixed at 10.00 m.
As per ICOLD Bulletin No.70, for good quality rockfill, both

upstream as well as downstream slopes of 1.3H: 1V to 1.4H: 1V have been
generally used. Slopes may have to be flatter for weaker rock or low
strength foundation and no steeper than 1.5H: 1V for gravel, steeper slopes
causing raveling. Experience has demonstrated that there are no stability
problems with the CFRD. Old dams in California, with heights between 20
and 50m, were constructed with 0.5H: 1V and 0.75H: 1V slopes. The
stability of these dams has been explained by the high friction angle at low
confining pressures. Since the critical sliding planes are close to the surface,
the strength is higher there.
The slopes of the upstream face as well as downstream face of all the
six CFRDs envisaged in Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project, have been kept as
1.5H:1V which are quite safe from stability point of view. On the
downstream side of the dam 4 meter wide berms have been proposed to
facilitate the construction and maintenance. Therefore, the average
downstream slope gets further flatter. The upstream or downstream slopes of
the CFRDs may require revision based upon realistic foundation features.
314
The CFRD dam section consists of the following components:
Plinth: Reinforced concrete slab cast on sound, low permeability rock to

join the face slab to the foundation.
Face Slab: Reinforced concrete, preferably between 25 cm and 60 cm thick,

with vertical, some horizontal and perimetric joints to accommodate
deformation which occurs during construction and when the water load is
applied.
Embankment Zones: The zoning of the CFRD and the numerical

designation of the zones, are standard. A brief description is presented
below:
• Zone 1A, 1B: These are concrete face protection (upstream) zones, in
increasing order of maximum particle size.
• Zone 2A, 2B: These are concrete face supporting (downstream) zones, in
increasing order of maximum particle size.
• Zone 3A, 3B: These are Rockfill zones, in increasing order of maximum
particle size.
Brief Description of Various Zones in CFRD is Furnished Below:
Zone 1A: The zone serves as a source of material that, if required, can
migrate through cracks in the face slab. This zone is placed to a higher
elevation on very high dams so that it can act as a joint or crack healer over
the perimeter joint and the lower part of the face slab. Fine-grained cohesion
less silt and fine sand with isolated gravel and cobble sized rock particles up
to 150 mm. The zone is maintained cohesion less so that brittle cracking
does not occur. The zone is placed in 200 to 300 mm layers and lightly
compacted.
Zone 1B: This zone provides support for zone 1A and in some cases also
resists uplift of the face slab prior to reservoir filling. Random mix of silts,
clays, sands, gravels, and cobbles to provide protection to Zone 1A. This
zone shall be placed in 400 mm layers and compacted.
315
Zone 2A:Sand and gravel filter are located within two to three meters of the
perimetric joint to limit leakage in the event of water stop failure and to self
heal with under water placement of silt or silty fine sand. In the event of
disruption of the water- stops at the perimeter joint, the filter zone 2A will
prevent the movement of silt size particles through the zone and, thus,
serves as secondary defense against leakage. This zone consists of material
equal or nearly equal in quality to concrete aggregate. The material is
manufactured and processed to specific gradation limits. Zone 2A shall be
placed in 200 mm layers, well-compacted with vibratory compactors, and
protected from damage and erosion during construction. The zone 2A filter
material, placed immediately adjacent to the perimeter joint, needs to be
well compacted to strict specifications to minimize settlement.
Zone 2B: Zone 2B provides support to the face slab and consists of sand
and gravel-sized particles, placed in 300 mm horizontal layers and normally
compacted with 4 passes of a 10-ton smooth-drum vibratory roller. The
horizontal width of the zone varies from 2 to 4 m depending on the height of
the dam. This zone consists of material equal or nearly equal in quality to
concrete aggregate. The material is a crushed product and manufactured to
specific gradation limits. The aim of the ICOLD Bulletin 70 specification is
to limit maximum size, to provide a grading which will not segregate during
placement, and to include sufficient fines to give an acceptable low
permeability. A target permeability of 1 X 10-4 cm/sec is recommended. This
gradation exhibits low permeability and some cohesion.
Zone 3A: Zone 3A is to provide compatibility and limit void size adjacent
to Zone 2B.This zone is a transition between Zone 2B and rockfill Zone 3B
and consists of rockfill with maximum size of 300 mm or less placed in 300
mm layers and normally compacted with at least 6 passes of a 10-ton or
heavier smooth-drum vibratory roller. The horizontal width of the zone
varies from 2 to 4 m depending on the height of the dam. For all CFRDs in
P-T-N Project, horizontal width of this zone has been proposed as 4 m.
Zone 3B: This zone resists the water loading and limits face deflection.
This zone commonly consists of rockfill with maximum size of 800 mm
placed in 800 mm layers and normally compacted with 6 passes of a 10-ton
smooth-drum vibratory roller. Water (10%-25% of rock volume) is added
316
during fill placement. Increasing compaction coverage, using thinner layers,
and application of water are means of achieving satisfactory density when
using weak rock. Thinner layers are often used for sand and gravel fills.
Zone 3C: Zone 3C receives little water loading, and settlement is

essentially during construction. This zone commonly consists of rockfill
with maximum size of 1000 mm placed in 1000 mm layers and normally
compacted with 6 passes of a 10-ton smooth-drum vibratory roller. As for
Zone 3B, layer thickness and compaction effort are adjusted based on the
characteristics of the material. The thicker layer in Zone C accepts larger
rock, is more economical to place, and its lower density (about 5% less than
Zone 3B density) saves rock volume. Large rock placed at the downstream
toe to resist scour and tail water action.
Zone 3D: The CFRD relies on a non-saturated downstream shell for

stability. When hard and relatively uniform well graded free draining
rockfill are used, this requirement is met without difficulty and
unexpectedly high leakage through the upstream face will not endanger
stability. High capacity internal drainage is a key safety feature of the
CFRD. Rockfill and coarse gravel-cobble fills will naturally segregate
during placement with finer less permeable material at the top of the layer
and the coarser more pervious material towards the base of the layer. This
characteristic provides for a substantially higher horizontal permeability
than vertical permeability. Drainage is assured within the entire body of the
dam. This rockfill zone provides positive drainage within the embankment.
An under drain of the coarsest rock (zone 3D) is placed within the valley
section to enhance the overall draining ability of the dam. In all the CFRDs
for Zone 3D, use of oversize boulders of size more than 1000mm has been
proposed.
The details of the different zones and their gradation are given in
CWC Drawings No. PTNL-5900-P-1037, 1023, 1030 and 1044 (Plates–6.3,
6.27, 6.51 and 6.73) of Volume – VIII (A) and PTNL-5900-P-1051 and
1058 (Plates-6.97 and 6.121) of Volume – VIII (B).
317
6.2.1.5 Dam Slope Stability
As already mentioned above under para 6.2.1.4, the slopes of the

upstream face as well as downstream face of all the six CFRDs envisaged in
Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project, have been kept as 1.5H:1V which are quite
safe from stability point of view. On the downstream side of the dam 4
meter wide berms have been proposed to facilitate the construction and
maintenance. Therefore, the average downstream slope gets further flatter.
6.2.1.6 Plinth
The plinth or toe slab connects the foundation with the face slab. The
dimensions of the plinth have been selected based on precedent and
generally vary with reservoir head and with foundation conditions. The
width of the plinth has been proposed to be changed in several steps and is
not tapered, mainly for construction convenience. For moderately to slightly
weathered rock, the width of plinth has been increased, such that a
maximum hydraulic gradient of 10 is achieved. The minimum width has
been usually set at 3 m. The minimum design thickness T of the plinth is
usually on the order of 0.3 to 0.4 m with thickness varying with reservoir
head, H.
In case of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project, the plinth thickness has

been determined in accordance with the expression T ( in m) = 0.3 + 0.003
H (where H= head of water above plinth in metres).
For construction convenience, a constant thickness is often specified.

A constant thickness of plinth of 600mm for Jheri, Paikhed and Chikkar
CFRDs and a constant thickness of plinth of 500mm for Chasmandva,
Dabdar and Kelwan CFRDs has been kept. However, the plinth length (i.e.
length of plinth along the direction of flow) will vary with the head of water
above plinth at any section. The criteria adopted for the determination of
length of plinth for various foundation conditions in terms of Head of water
above plinth is given in the Table – 6.8.
Table- 6.8
Head of Water Vis-à-vis Length of Plinth
318
Type of Rock Length of Plinth
Non-Erodible H/18
Slightly Erodible H/12
Erodible H/6
Current practice is to provide one layer of reinforcement in the plinth

equal to 0.3% both ways. The reinforcement is located at 150 mm clear
distance from the top surface. Therefore, reinforcement of 0.30% (both
ways) for plinth have been proposed for all the six dams. Concrete cover is
typically set at a minimum of 150 mm.
6.2.1.7 Face Slab
The primary water barrier of the CFRD consists of concrete face slabs
poured on underlying support zones of the rockfill body of the dam. The
face slab is fully supported by the underlying rockfill, and is mostly in
compression under reservoir loadings, except towards the dam abutments
where tensile strains develop. Because of this, the design of face slabs in
recent years has concentrated more on water tightness and durability than on
design of slabs, and increasing attention has been paid to identification and
control of crack development in face slabs. Deformation of the face slab will
conform to the deformation of the underlying rockfill body of the dam. This
fact highlights the importance of proper selection, placement and
compaction of the rockfill materials supporting the face slabs to limit
excessive deformations and cracking in the face slabs. Face slab generally
moves towards the centre of the dam and away from the dam abutments,
highlighting the fact that most parts of the slabs are generally in
compression except at the abutments. Successful performance of the CFRD
face slabs, in terms of providing a reasonably waterproof barrier to the
reservoir, is highly dependent on factors other than the design of the face
slab itself. In this respect, the determination of face slab dimensions, and
reinforcing is based on previous experience rather than rigorous analysis.
6.2.1.7.1 Face Slab Thickness
For all the six CFRDs in Par-Tapi-Link Project, the thickness of

concrete face slab has been proposed according to formula T (in m) = 0.3 +
319
0.0035H (where H= head of water above the concerned elevation of Face
slab). The thickness of Face slab at the top level of the dam, is fixed as
300mm. The thickness of face slab will vary linearly at various elevations,
as per simple expression given above, and will be maximum at the bottom
(i.e. at the junction with plinth).
In CFRD dam, RCC Face slab thickness of 30 cm at top to 50 cm at

bottom have been provided. Refer Drawings Nos. PTNL-5900-P-1037,
1023, 1030 and 1044 (Plates –6.3, 6.27, 6.51 and 6.73) in Volume –VIII(A).
6.2.1.7.2 Panel Width
Panel width for face slab typically ranges from 12 to 18m, with panel
width of 15m being common. Factors affecting the width of face slab panels
are mainly related to the width of the slip forms and capabilities of concrete
placing equipment. Narrower panel widths are use where vertical joints are
desired due to changes in plinth geometry, rock topography, or adjacent to
the dam abutments, where larger panel movements may occur. Panel widths
greater than about 18m are uncommon. Wider panel widths can increase the
occurrence of shrinkage cracks. In case of all the CFRDs in Par-Tapi-
Narmada Link Project, the width of the concrete panels has been kept as
15.0 metres.
6.2.1.7.3 Joints
The perimetric joint, vertical joints, and horizontal construction joints

are used to separate adjacent face slab panels on CFRDs. The perimetric
joint separates the plinth from the face slab. Vertical joints separate adjacent
panels along the axis of the dam. Horizontal joints separate different pours
of the same slab, or separate starter slabs from the main face slab. The
location and design of each of these joints differs according to their purpose
and importance in the performance of the face slab as the water barrier of
the CFRD. The locations and use of vertical construction joints and vertical
contraction joints depends upon whether adjacent slabs are expected to
move away from each other under reservoir operation. The locations of
horizontal joints are primarily controlled by the length of slab pours and by
the geometry of starter slabs.
320
6.2.1.7.3 (a) Perimetric Joint and Water Stops
The perimetric joint connects the concrete face slab and the plinth of
the CFRD to complete the upstream water barrier of the dam. Due to its
location and movement that occur at this joint, the perimetric joint is has
been given special consideration. The main function of the perimetric joint
is to maintain a watertight seal against full reservoir load while allowing for
anticipated movements between the plinth and face slabs. The face slab can
move relative to the plinth in three different directions: normal to the
perimetric joint (opening), normal to the face slab (settlement), and parallel
to the perimetric joint (shear). Movement in any of these directions
separates the face slab from the plinth. All longitudinal and transverse joints
in the plinth, the perimetric joint between face slab and plinth and joint
between plinth and cut off wall were provided with the following provisions
to prevent potential leakage:
a) A bitumen graded sand mixture with a protection of hypalon band

at the top of joint anchored to concrete through steel angles.
b) A 300 mm wide PVC water stop in the centre of the joint
c) A copper water stop (0.8 m thick) at the base of joint.
d) A pad made of bitumen graded sand mixture at the base of joint.
The face slab rests on the rockfill body of the dam, and will move and
deform as the rockfill it rests on settles beneath it. Leakage is a key
parameter that relates to the overall performance of the CFRD. Large
leakage rates are an indication that damage has occurred to the perimetric
joint and/ or face slab has cracked to some extent. Seepage through the
foundation may also be a contributing factor to large leakage rates. The
fundamental design concept of the CFRD is that the several embankment
zones of the dam including the face support material, filters, transitions,
under-drainage and the body of the dam must remain stable even if
extremely large leakage rates were to occur. It is well known the rockfill is
able to accept and pass large flows. So even if large leakage rates occur, it
may not be an indication that the safety of the dam is jeopardized but it
suggests that remedial treatment to prevent the leakage is required.
321
The details of perimetric joint provided are shown in Drawing Nos.
PTNL-5900-P-1039, 1025, 1032 and 1046 (Plates –6.5, 6.29, 6.53, and
6.75) in Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-1053 and 1060
(Plates –6.99 and 6.123) in Volume –VIII (B).
6.2.1.7.3 (b) Tensile Vertical Joint (Near Abutments) and Compressive

Vertical Joint
Tensile vertical joints are designed to allow movement between

adjacent face slabs while maintaining a watertight barrier to the reservoir.
They are located near the dam abutments or where two adjacent slabs have
the potential to separate from each other under self-weight or reservoir
loading.
To allow for the anticipated movement at the expansion joint, slab

reinforcement is terminated at the joint. To maintain water tightness, a
single or double water-stop and joint sealing materials are typically used.
Vertical compression joints are located between adjacent face slabs

that are not anticipated to separate away from each other. These joints are
located towards the middle of the dam away from the abutments where
adjacent slabs will tend to move towards each other. Reinforcement may or
may not be continuous through vertical compression joints, depending on
the geometry and configuration of the dam alignment. Reinforcement is not
typically continued through the vertical compression joints of modern
CFRDs constructed across U or V-shaped river valleys. In this situation the
compressive force acting between adjacent face slabs away from the
abutments keeps them in contact and acting as a single unit. For CFRDs
constructed across long, flat or undulating river valleys, the force between
adjacent face slabs may be compressive, neutral or possibly slightly tensile
depending on the profile of the plinth along the valley floor. In these cases
reinforcement is carried through vertical joints to keep adjacent slabs from
separating due to changes in the plinth profile. Typically only a bottom
water-stop is used to block seepage through the joint.
6.2.1.7.3 (c) Horizontal Construction Joint
322
Horizontal construction joints are used when only a portion of a face
slab panel cannot be poured, either by design or due to an unscheduled
interruption. Reasons for horizontal construction joints include staged
construction of the rockfill dam body, use of starter slabs, interruptions in
slab construction due to weather or equipment malfunction, long panel
lengths on high CFRDs. Horizontal construction joints typically do not
incorporate any water-stops, and reinforcement is continuous through the
joints. It is important to thoroughly clean and repair any honeycombing or
other damage to the joint before construction of the panel is continued.
6.2.1.7.4 Concrete Properties
Concrete mix design for CFRD face slabs should focus on

minimizing shrinkage cracking in the face slab and increasing the durability
of the concrete. Best practices followed for the production of durable and
impermeable concrete for other water retaining structures should be
followed for concrete face slabs and plinth of CFRDs as well. Quality
control during concrete production, placement, consolidation, and curing is
the most important factor in this respect.
6.2.1.7.4 (a) Concrete Mix Design Properties
For the plinth, face slab and parapet wall of the all the six CFRDs in
Par-Tapi-Narmada Link project, M25 grade of concrete conforming to IS
456: 2000 has been proposed. The Grade of concrete for interface wall has
been proposed as M15 conforming to IS 456: 2000. However, M-20 Grade
concrete has been proposed for 1m thick concrete over face of interface wall
which will be in contact with water.
6.2.1.7.4 (b) Concrete Aggregates
Selection of aggregates for CFRD face slabs should consider

maximum particle sizes for proper concrete cover and placement and the
potential for cement-aggregate reactivity. For all the CFRDs in the project
the maximum aggregate size has been fixed as 38mm.
323
6.2.1.7.5 Reinforcement
Reinforcement of 0.35% (both ways) for face slab has been proposed
for all the six dams. Concrete cover is typically set at a minimum of 150
mm.
6.2.1.8 Parapet Wall
Unlike earth core rockfill dams, concrete face rockfill dams have
traditionally been provided with a concrete parapet wall at the upstream
edge of the crest. The parapet wall in CFRD also participates in the
functioning of the Dam and may be kept a part of free board requirement of
the dam. The height of parapet wall has been kept as 1.20m above the top of
dam, in case of all the six dams under the link project.
The main purpose of the parapet wall is to reduce the total volume of
rockfill. Commonly a single parapet wall is constructed. The face slab
construction requires the use of winches at the crest to support the slip-
forming and other equipment necessary for efficient construction.
Additionally, access is required for personnel, for movement of equipment,
and for delivery of concrete, steel and other material. To accommodate these
activities, sufficient working space is required for an efficient concreting
operation. Thus, use of a parapet wall provides a sufficiently wide working
surface at the elevation of the base of the parapet wall for face slab
construction. In addition, the parapet wall serves as a wave splash barrier
also.
6.2.1.8.1 Joint between Parapet Wall and Face Slab
The joint between the parapet wall and the face slab must provide an
adequate barrier against leakage from the reservoir water. Commonly, the
base of the parapet wall is located somewhat above the normal maximum
operating reservoir level (ie. FRL) so that the joint is not normally
submerged. During flood, the wall contains the reservoir surcharge. The
elevation of the top of the wall has been selected such that overtopping does
not occur during the probable maximum flood. In case of all the CFRDs
324
envisaged in the link project, the base of parapet wall has been kept above
Maximum Water level (MWL).
Minimum joint treatment consists of a water stop in the middle or at

the base of the joint and a mortar pad at the base of the joint to provide
support. Mastic filler is often used above the water stop. If the vertical face
slab joint contains both a middle water stop and a water stop at the base, it is
common practice to place middle and base water stops within the parapet-
wall/face-slab joint.
The details of Parapet wall provided are shown in Drawing Nos.

PTNL-5900-P-1039, 1025, 1032 and 1046 (Plates –6.5, 6.29, 6.53, and
6.75) in Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-1053 and 1060
(Plates –6.99 and 6.123) in Volume –VIII (B).
6.2.1.9 Interface Wall
At the junction between the all the CFRDs and the spillways in the P-
T-N project, interface wall has been proposed to prevent seepage. The
N.O.F. block adjacent to the CFRD has been utilized as Interface wall. On
both, upstream and downstream sides, the slope of the interface wall has
been kept same as that of CFRD i.e. 1.5H : 1V. On the downstream side the
thickness of wall is 15m for all the dams except Jheri CFRD where this
thickness has been kept as 10.0m. On the upstream side, the thickness of
interface wall, in all the six dams, has been kept as 3.0m. The slope of 3.0m
thick upstream side interface wall shall be 0.65:1 towards the dam side.
The slope of 15.0m thick interface wall on the downstream side shall be
0.25:1 towards the dam side.
The interface wall details are given in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-P-

1040, 1041, 1026, 1027, 1033, 1034, 1047 and 1048 (Plates-6.6, 6.7, 6.30,
6.31, 6.54, 6.55, 6.76 and 6.77) in Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing
Nos.PTNL-5900-P-1054, 1055, 1061 and 1062 (Plates – 6.100, 6.101, 6.124
and 6.125) in Volume-VIII (B).
6.2.1.10 Filter (Zone 2A) - Filter Requirements
325
As per ICOLD Bulletin 141, the filter-drain system provides an all-
important second line of defense. If the water stops at the perimeter joint are
disrupted such that reservoir leakage through the joint occurs, the 2A filter
must retain silt and fine sand particles. High head loss will occur through
the clogged filter interface and/or through the silts and sands trapped within
the joint upstream of the filter. In addition, the filter must be considerably
more permeable than the clogged interface or the material trapped in the
joint.
The following criteria summarize these fundamental functions

(ICOLD, 1994):
1. Retention Function: The classic Terzaghi criterion D15/d85< 4

addresses this requirement. In this expression the following symbols
are used:
D15 = particle size in filter (protecting, or coarser material) for which 15%
by weight of particles are smaller; and
d85 = particle size in base (protected, or finer material) for which 85% by
weight of particles are smaller.
2. Permeability Function: The classic Terzaghi criterion D15/d15> 4

addresses this requirement. It is noted that strict adherence to this
criterion with respect to Zones 2A and 2B is not required.
To achieve the above functions, the Zone 2A filter, it should not

segregate or change in gradation (degrade or breakdown) during processing,
handling, placing, spreading or compaction. It should not have cohesion or
ability to cement as a result of chemical, physical or biological action. It
should be internally stable, that is, the coarser fraction of the filter with
respect to its own finer fraction must meet the retention (piping) criteria.
The zone wise gradation provided in the six CFRDs of Par-Tapi-

Narmada Link Project along with compaction parameters and Salient
Features of various CFRDs are given in Table– 6.9 and 6.10.
Table – 6.9
Zone wise Gradation in CFRDs and Compaction Parameters
326
Zone
Description Source Gradation Compaction Parameters
(cm) Layer Thickness
No. of passes
Dmax <5mm <0.1 Roller Wt
Density (t/m3)
(mm) (%) mm (t)
(%)
1A Silty fine -- -- -- 20 -- -- By
sand Construction
equipment
1B Random fill -- -- -- 40 4 -- 10
2A Processed 40 35-60 5-10 20 -- -- By Manual
fine filter Processed vibrator
2B Processed from 100 35-45 4-7 30 4 2.20 10
filter Quarry to
2.30
3A Transition 300 20-30 <5 30 6 -- 10
(Processed
Rockfill)
3B Major Rock 800 4 -15 <5 80 6 2.20 10
fill (Main Excavated to
fill) from 2.40
3C Rock fill or Quarry 1000 < 20 <5 100 6 2.20 10
Gravel to
2.30
3D Oversize >100 -- -- -- -- --
Boulder 0
Table– 6.10
Salient Features of various CFRDs
Name of FRL MWL Dam Maximum Length of Top Slopes of u/s
Dam Top Height of Dam Width and d/s Face
Level Dam above (Excluding of of Dam
River Bed N.O.F. and Dam
O.F.
Length)
Jheri EL EL EL 75.88m 663m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V
246.00 247.50 253.00
D/S: 1.5H : 1V
Paikhed EL248. EL EL 94.4m 1310m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V
00 249.00 255.00 D/S: 1.5H : 1V
Chasman EL EL EL 53.70 2703m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V
dva 214.00 215.18 222.00
327
D/S: 1.5H : 1V
Chikkar EL EL EL 62.27m 1736m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V

210.00 210.50 217.00
D/S: 1.5H : 1V
Dabdar EL EL EL 63.65m 1045m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V
169.00 170.50 177.00
D/S: 1.5H : 1V
Kelwan EL EL EL 57.95m 1141m 10.0m U/S: 1.5H : 1V
164.00 165.00 174.00
m D/S: 1.5H : 1V
6.2.2 Concrete Dam

6.2.2.1 Layout of Concrete Dam
The Jheri dam has been proposed across Par River as composite
embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of Jheri dam is
808.32 m of which 145 m is concrete dam and remaining 663.32 m is
CFRD. The Jheri concrete dam is 38 m high and the length of non over
flow portion is 54 m and over flow portion is 91 m. The over flow portion
consists of 5 bays of 15 m length and 4 piers of 4 m width, to pass a peak
flood of 6539 cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and Spillway
elevation of Jheri concrete dam are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3041,
PTNL-5900-P-3043 and 3044 (Plate –6.8, 6.19and 6.20) in Volume –
VIII(A).
The Paikhed dam has been proposed across Nar River as composite
embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of Paikhed dam is
1431.85 m of which 121 m is concrete dam and remaining 1310.85 m is
CFRD. The Paikhed concrete dam is 45 m high and length of non over flow
portion is 49 m and over flow portion is 72 m. The over flow portion
consists of 4 bays of 15 m length and 3 piers of 4 m width, to pass a peak
flood of 5307cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and Spillway
elevation of Paikhed concrete dam are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3001,
3003 and 3005 (Plate –6.32, 6.42and 6.43) in Volume – VIII (A).
The Chasmandva dam has been proposed across Tan River as

composite embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of
Chasmandva dam is 2781 m of which 78 m is concrete dam and remaining
2703 m is CFRD. The Chasmandva concrete dam is 35 m high and length
328
of non over flow portion is 34 m and over flow portion is 44 m. The over
flow portion consists of 3bays of 12 m length and 2 piers of 4 m width, to
pass a peak flood of 2578cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and
Spillway elevation of Chasmandva concrete dam are at Drawing Nos.
PTNL-5900-P-3021, 3024 and 3023 (Plate –6.56, 6.65and 6.66) in Volume
– VIII (A).
The Chikkar dam has been proposed across Ambica River as

composite embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of
Chikkar dam is 1887 m of which 151 m is concrete dam and remaining
1736 m is CFRD. The Chikkar concrete dam is 47 m high and length of non
over flow portion is 79 m and over flow portion is 72 m. The over flow
portion consists of 4 bays of15 m length and 3 piers of 4 m width, to pass a
peak flood of 5649 cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and
Spillway elevation of Chikkar concrete dam are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-
5900-P-3061, 3063 and 3064 (Plate –6.78, 6.89 and 6.90) in Volume – VIII
(A).
The Dabdar dam has been proposed across Khapri River as composite
embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of Dabdar dam is
1170 m of which 135 m is concrete dam and remaining 1035 m is CFRD.
The Dabdar concrete dam is 45 m high and length of non over flow portion
is 44 m and over flow portion is 91 m. The over flow portion consists of 5
bays of 15 m length and 4 piers of 4 m width, to pass a peak flood of
6683cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and Spillway elevation of
Dabdar concrete dam are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3081, 3084 and
3083 (Plate –6.102, 6.113and 6.114) in Volume – VIII (B).
The Kelwan dam has been proposed across Purna River as composite
embankment (CFRD) cum concrete dam. The total length of Kelwan dam is
1330 m of which 189 m is concrete dam and remaining 1141 m is CFRD.
The Kelwan concrete dam is 51 m high and length of non over flow portion
is 98 m and over flow portion is 91 m. The over flow portion consists of 5
bays of 15 m length and 4 piers of 4 m width, to pass a peak flood of 7979
cumecs (PMF). Layout Plan, Spillway Plan and Spillway elevation of
Kelwan concrete dam are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3101, 3104 and
3103 (Plate –6.126, 6.137 and 6.138) in Volume – VIII (B).
329
6.2.2.2 Free Board
The free board requirement of the concrete dam is less as compared to

a CFRD. As such, the free board as worked out in the case of CFRD has
been provided for the concrete dam.
6.2.2.3 Zoning
Concrete having different strength has been proposed for different

areas of the concrete gravity section based on the stress pattern. In each
zone, the concrete satisfies the strength requirement defined by the State of
stress. In the peripheral zones, the concrete is also subjected to the influence
of external factors-variation in the temperature of air, seepage of water,
alternate drying and wetting, erosion of overflow surfaces due to abrasion
and cavitations. As such the concrete, depending upon its exposure to the
external influences, should satisfy other requirements too. Based on the
above considerations, the following zoning of the dam section in terms of
concrete strength has been proposed (Table – 6.11 for non over flow section
and Table – 6.12 for over flow section):
Table – 6.11
Classification of Concrete in Non Over Flow Section
S.No Location Classification Max. size Compressive
. of Concrete of Strength of
Aggregate 150 mm
(mm) Cubes in
N/mm2 (28
days)
1 Concrete in Non overflow C1 150 15.00
section (Except 1500 mm
exterior thickness on u/s
face)
2 Concrete in foundation for C2 40 12.50
filling up crevices etc.
3 Concrete in U/S face C3 75 16.50
330
(1500 mm thick).
4 Fillets concrete. C4 40 25.00
5 Concrete in parapet C5 20 20.00
6 Concrete around C6 40 20.00
foundation gallery, sump
well, pump chamber,
stair / lift well and other
openings.
Table – 6.12
Classification of Concrete in Over Flow Section
S. Location Classification Max. size Compressi
No. of Concrete of ve Strength
Aggregate of 150 mm
(mm) Cubes in
N/mm2
(28 days)
1 (i) Concrete in spillway C1 75 15.00
section (except 1500 mm
exterior thickness on U/S
face and D/S glacis).
(ii) Left and right training
wall gravity section (except
1000 mm thickness on
water side).
2 Concrete in foundation for C2 40 20.00
filling up crevices etc.
3 (i) Concrete in exterior 1500 C3 75 20.00
mm thickness on U/S face
of spillway
(ii) Concrete in exterior
1000 mm thickness of the
training wall (gravity
section) on water side
4 Fillets concrete. C4 40 25.00
5 (i) Concrete in spillway C5 20 20.00
bridge, deck slab, beams
and parapet etc.
331
(ii) Concrete around
foundation gallery, sump
well, pump chamber, stair
case/lift well and other
openings.
6. (i) Concrete in spillway C6 75 20.00
crest, pier, glacis, training
wall (RCC section) and
anchorage length of pier.
(ii) Concrete in stilling
basin, apron (Excluding top
1000 mm).
7 Concrete in exterior 1000 C7 75 25.00
mm thickness of stilling
basin and apron.
8 Concrete in stilling basin C8 20 30.00
chute block, basin block and
end sill.
The zoning of material for NOF and OF sections of Jheri dam are
shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3051, 3054 and 3048 (Plate –6.11,
6.12, 6.16) in Volume – VIII (A). The zoning of material for NOF and OF
sections of Paikhed dam are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3010,
3013 and 3008 (Plate –6.36, 6.35 and 6.39) in Volume – VIII (A). The
zoning of material for NOF and OF sections of Chasmandva dam are shown
in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3031 and 3028 (Plate –6.59 and 6.62) in
Volume – VIII (A). The zoning of material for NOF and OF sections of
Chikkar dam are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3071, 3074 and
3068 (Plate –6.82, 6.81 and 6.86) in Volume – VIII (A). The zoning of
material for NOF and OF sections of Dabdar dam are shown in Drawing
Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3091, 3094 and 3088 (Plate –6.106, 6.105and 6.110) in
Volume – VIII (B). The zoning of material for NOF and OF sections of
Kelwan dam are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3111, 3114 and
3108 (Plate –6.129, 6.130 and 6.134) in Volume – VIII (B).
6.2.2.4 Design of Concrete Dam

6.2.2.4.1 Design Criteria for Non- Overflow Section
332
The design has been carried out to fulfil the following requirements of
stability.
I. The dam shall be safe against sliding on any plane or combination of

planes within the dam, at the foundation or within the foundation.
II. The dam shall be safe against overturning at any plane below the
base.
III. The safe unit stresses in the concrete or masonry of the dam or in the
foundation material shall not be exceeded.
Further, all the forces considered in the analysis have been taken as
per IS 6512-1984. The unit weight of concrete has been taken as 2.4 T/cum
and water as 1.0 T/cum. The project area falls under zone –III of the seismic
zone of India. The foundation has been assumed to be granite and mass
concrete (for dams).
6.2.2.4.2 Stability Analysis of Non-Overflow Section
Jheri Dam:
A total of 2 nos. Concrete Non-overflow blocks, one on each side of

the spillway have been proposed. The top width of the left and right NOF
block has been kept as 10.0m. The foundation level for the left and right
NOF block has been kept at EL.210.0m. With its top level at EL 253 m, the
maximum height of the NOF section is 43 m.
The Non-overflow section has been designed with the following data:
a) Maximum water Level (MWL) = El.247.0m

b) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) = El.246.00m
c) Foundation Level = El.210.00m
e) Top width of dam = 10.0m
f) U/S slope =0.1 H: 1V
g) D/S slope = 0.8 H: 1V
h) Horizontal seismic coefficient =0.1
i) Vertical seismic coefficient =0.067
j) Cohesion =100 T/sq.m
k) Angle of internal friction =35 degrees
333
The stability analysis for Non-Overflow section has been carried out
at the deepest foundation level i.e. at 210.00m, and the results are furnished
in Table - 6.13:
Table – 6.13
Results of Stability Analysis for Non-Overflow Section
Sr. Load Vertical Stress (in t/m2) Factor of Permissible
No. Combination Safety Tensile
Against Stress (in
2
Sliding t/m )
Upstream Downstream
1 A 99.38 7.12 -- ---
2 B 55.34 28.01 2.80 No Tension
3 C 50.16 30.43 2.60 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 113.95 -2.30 18.20
5 E 37.49 41.93 2.90 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 35.54 29.30 5.90 0.02 fc (40)
7 G 22.59 40.77 4.70 0.04 fc (80)
Paikhed Dam:
A total of 2 nos. concrete non-overflow blocks, one on each side of the

spillway have been proposed. The top width of the left and right NOF
blocks has been kept as 10.0m. The foundation level for the left and right
NOF block has been kept at EL 175.0m and EL 210 m. With its top level at
EL 255 m, the maximum height of the NOF section is 80 m.
The non-overflow section has been designed with the following data:
a) Maximum water Level (MWL) = 249.0m

b) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) = 248.00m
c) Foundation Level = 175.00m
e) Top width of dam =10.0m
j) Cohesion =509.858 T/sq.m
334
at the deepest foundation level i.e. at 175.00m, and the results are furnished
in Table – 6.14:
Table – 6.14
Sr. Load Vertical Stress Factor of Permissible
No. Combination (in t/m2) Safety Tensile Stress
against (in t/m2)
Sliding
Upstream Downstream
1 A 169.24 17.74 -- ---
2 B 41.63 87.06 5.1 No Tension
3 C 38.12 87.41 5.2 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 192.96 1.76 51.0
5 E 7.78 114.64 5.7 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 18.55 86.00 12.9 0.02 fc (40)
7 G -13.47 113.11 9.9 0.04 fc (80)
Chasmandva Dam:
A total of 2 nos. concrete non-overflow blocks, one on each side of the

spillway have been proposed. The top width of the left and right NOF block
has been kept as 10.00 m. The foundation level for the left and right NOF
blocks has been kept at EL 184.0 m .With its top level at EL 222.0 m, the
maximum height of the NOF section is 38 m.

e) Top width of dam =10.0m
335
j) Cohesion =509.858 T/sq.m
at the deepest foundation level i.e. at 184.00 m, and the results are furnished
in Table – 6.15:
Table – 6.15
Sr. Load Vertical Stress Factor Permissible
No. Combination (in t/m2) of Tensile
Safety Stress
Against (in t/m2)
Sliding
Upstream Downstream
1 A 80.08 2.46 -- ---

2 B 35.98 33.27 11.50 No Tension
3 C 29.93 33.18 11.10 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 93.11 -6.28 95.90
5 E 19.19 46.99 13.30 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 19.13 31.19 30.70 0.02 fc (40)
7 G 6.88 44.72 24.90 0.04 fc (80)
Chikkar Dam:
A total of 5 nos. concrete non-overflow blocks, 1 on left side and 4 on

right side of the spillway have been proposed. The top width of the left and
right NOF block has been kept as 7.0m. The foundation level for the left and
right NOF blocks has been kept at EL.170.0m and El.179.0 m. With its top
level at EL 217 m, the maximum height of the NOF section is 47 m.
336

at the deepest foundation level i.e. at 170.00 m, and the results are furnished
in Table – 6.16:
Table – 6.16
Sr. Load Vertical Stress Factor Permissible
2
No. Combination (in t/m ) of Tensile
Safety Stress
Against (in t/m2)
Sliding
Upstream Downstream
1 A 104.84 8.68 -- ---

2 B 54.95 37.06 2.40 No Tension
3 C 46.55 38.61 2.20 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 119.03 -0.36 18.60
5 E 37.05 51.00 2.6 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 32.31 36.19 5.10 0.02 fc (40)
7 G 21.47 48.34 4.20 0.04 fc (80)
Dabdar Dam:
A total of 3 nos. concrete Non-overflow blocks, 1 on left side and 2 on

right side of the spillway have been proposed. The top width of the left and
right NOF block has been kept as 7.0m. The foundation level for the left and
337
right NOF block has been kept at EL.132.0 m and El.145.0 m. With its top
level at EL. 177 m, the maximum height of the NOF section is 45 m.
The Non-overflow section has been designed with the following data:
a) Maximum water Level (MWL) = EL.170.0 m

b) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) = EL. 169.0 m
c) Foundation Level = El. 132.0 m
at the deepest foundation level i.e. at El. 132.00 m, and the results are
furnished in Table – 6.17.
Table -6.17
2
No. Combination (in t/m ) Safety Tensile Stress
Against (in t/m2)
Sliding
Upstream Downstream
1 A 71.72 3.22 -- ---
2 B 45.41 14.56 4.70 No Tension
3 C 40.71 13.32 4.60 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 82.42 -3.58 22.40
5 E 33.03 24.15 4.6 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 35.71 11.81 11.50 0.02 fc (40)
7 G 26.69 22.24 8.0 0.04 fc (80)
Kelwan Dam:
A total of 6 nos. Concrete non-overflow blocks, 5 on left side

and 1 on right side of the spillway have been proposed. The top width
338
of the left and right NOF block has been kept as 7.0 m. The
foundation level for the left and right NOF block has been kept at
EL.123.0m. With its top level at EL 174 m, the maximum height of
the NOF section is 51 m.
a) Maximum water Level (MWL) = El. 166.0 m

b) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) = El.164.0 m
c) Foundation Level = El.123.0 m
The stability analysis for Non-Overflow section has been carried

out at the deepest foundation level i.e. at El.123.0 m, and the results are
furnished in Table - 6.18:
Table – 6.18
Results Stability Analysis for Non-Overflow Section
2
No. Combination (in t/m ) Safety Tensile
Against Stress
Sliding (in t/m2)
Upstream Downstream
1 A 108.72 7.39 -- ---
2 B 60.16 27.83 2.70 No Tension
3 C 51.93 29.56 2.70 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 123.80 -2.25 18.40
5 E 41.64 42.30 2.80 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 39.35 28.68 6.10 0.02 fc (40)
7 G 26.80 41.26 4.60 0.04 fc (80)
339
From above it is seen that:
I. The stresses developed at the base of the non-over flow section are within
the permissible limits specified in IS code 6512 – 1984
II. The stresses obtained are compressive in all combinations
III.The factor of safety against sliding for the conditions of reservoirs empty
and full (FRL and MWL) and various load combinations as per IS code
6512- 1984 are found to be greater than 1.00 as recommended in IS
code.
As such the stability of Non-overflow section is in order.
The details of NOF sections of Jheri, Paikhed, Chasmandva, Chikkar,

Dabdar and Kelwan concrete dams are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-
3049, 3052, 3011, 3009, 3030, 3033, 3069 and 3072 (Plates – 6.9, 6.10,
6.33, 6.34, 6.57, 6.58, 6.80 and 6.79) in Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing
Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3092, 3089, 3109 and 3112 (Plates – 6.103, 6.104,
6.127 and6.128) in Volume –VIII(B).
6.2.2.4.3 Design of Overflow Section (Spillway)
The hydraulic design of the spillway conforms to IS: 6934 – 1998

(first revision) -“Hydraulic Design of High Ogee Overflow Spillway –
Recommendations”.
Components of Dam Spillway:
a) Spillway control structure/overflow section

b) Non-overflow section
c) Chute Channel
d) Ski-jump bucket for dissipation of energy
Spillway Profile:
340
The ogee profile consists of two quadrants, the upstream quadrant and
the downstream quadrant. Once the design head Hd of the spillway is fixed,
the crest geometry may easily be evaluated. The recommended shape is
based on detailed observations of the lower nappe profile of fully ventilated
thin-plate weir. Such a profile would generally result in atmospheric
pressure along the entire spillway surface at design head H d. For head lower
than Hd the pressure would be higher than atmospheric and for higher heads,
sub-atmospheric pressure would result.
(A) Upstream Profile:
The upstream quadrant of the crest conforms to the equation of ellipse

as below:
X 12 Y12
 1
A12 B12
The magnitude of A1 and B1 are determined with reference to as per

figure provided in IS: 6934 and the Co-ordinates for all the 6 dams are given
in Table – 6.19:
Table – 6.19
Upstream Profile Co-ordinates
Jheri dam Paikhed dam
Chasmandva dam Chikkar dam
341
Dabdar dam Kelwan dam
(B) Downstream profile:
The downstream quadrant of the crest conforms to the equation as

below:
X 21.85  K 2 H d0.85Y2
The magnitude of K2 is determined with reference to the parameter

P/Hd as per figure provided in IS: 6934. The co-ordinates are given in Table
– 6.20.
Table- 6.20
Jheri dam Paikhed dam
342
Chasmandva dam Chikkar dam
Dabdar dam Kelwan dam

D/s Profile
X1 in metre Y1 in metre
0 0.000
1 0.062
2 0.223
4 0.803
6 1.701
8 2.896
10 4.375
12 6.131
14 8.154 6.2.2.4.4 Stability Analysis of
14.49 8.690 Overflow Section
343
The stability analysis for Overflow section has been carried out at the
deepest foundation level at which sound rock is available, for load
combinations as Stated under:
i) A (construction condition),
ii) B (Normal Operating Condition),
iii) C (Flood Discharge Condition),
iv) D (Combination A with earthquake),
v) E (Combination B with earthquake but no ice).
vi) F (Combination C but with extreme uplift drains inoperative) and
vii) G (combination E but with extreme uplift drains inoperative).
Uplift pressure are assumed to act over the entire base width and vary
from maximum at heel on upstream side to one third of its value at the
drainage gallery and to zero at toe on downstream side where no tail water
is assumed.
Jheri Dam
The overflow blocks of spillway consist of 5 spillway bays of 15 m

width and 4 piers of 4.0 m thickness. Thus the total length of the spillway
comes to 91 m. A spillway bridge with a roadway width of 7.0 m has been
provided. The spillway has its crest at EL.234.00m and comprises of
standard ogee profile with upstream slope of 0.1H:1V and downstream
slope of 0.9H:1V. It has 5 Nos. of 15 m x12 m radial gates. The foundation
level has been kept at EL.215.00 m. With top level at EL.253.00 m, the
maximum height of the overflow section is 19 m.
Following data have been used for stability analysis of overflow section:
1. Radial gate trunnion elevation level = El. 238.00 m

2. Bridge weight = 10 t/m run (Aprox.)
3. Bridge width = 7.0 m
4. Width of block =19 m
5. Elevation of T.P. = El. 224.96 m
6. Bridge Road level =El. 253.0 m
7. Cm = 0.730
8. Spillway Crest =El. 234.00 m
344
9. Foundation level = El.215.0 m
Results of Stability analysis of spillway are furnished in Table- 6.21 below:
Table – 6.21
Results of Stability Analysis of Spillway
Sr. No. Load Upstream Downstream Factor of Permissible
Combination Stress Stress Safety in Tensile Stress
(T/sq.m) (T/sq.m) Sliding (T/sq.m)
1 A 84.074 6.715 -- ----
2 B 12.805 54.745 1.900 No Tension
3 C 13.478 47.640 1.974 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 99.237 -5.739 25.439
5 E -10.219 75.059 2.142 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 0.090 46.207 4.674 0.02 fc (40)
7 G -24.122 73.572 3.559 0.04 fc (80)
Paikhed Dam

comes to 72 m. A spillway bridge with a roadway width of 10.0m has been
standard ogee profile with upstream slope of 0.1H: 1V and downstream
slope of 0.8H: 1V. It has 4 Nos. of 15 m x12 m radial gates. The foundation
level has been kept at EL.210.00 m. With crest level at EL.236.0 m, the
345

2. Bridge weight = 10 t/m run (Approx.)
6. Bridge road level = El. 255.0 m
7. Cm = 0.730
8. Spillway crest = El. 236.00 m
9. Foundation level = El.210 m
Results of Stability analysis of spillway are furnished in Table- 6.22 below:

Table – 6.22
Sr. Load Combination Upstream Downstream Factor of Permissible

No. Stress Stress Safety in Tensile
(T/sq.m) (T/sq.m) Sliding Stress
(T/sq.m)
1 A 84.369 11.897 -- ---
2 B 16.288 67.077 7.204 No Tension
3 C 16.526 58.915 7.336 0.01 fc(20)
4 D 97.177 1.505 112.269
5 E -3.098 84.048 8.726 0.02 fc(40)
6 F -2.445 57.050 19.167 0.02 fc(40)
7 G -23.067 82.085 15.637 0.04 fc (80)
Chasmandva Dam
level has been kept at EL.184.00m. With crest level at EL.202.00 m, the
346

6. Bridge road level =El. 222.0 m
7. Cm = 0.730
8. Spillway crest =El. 202.00 m
9. Foundation level = El.184 m
Results of Stability analysis of spillway are furnished in Table – 6.23 below:
Table – 6.23
Sr. Load Upstream Downstream Factor of Permissible

No. Combination Stress (T/sq.m) Stress Safety in Tensile
(T/sq.m) Sliding Stress
(T/sq.m)
1 A 122.409 9.659 -- ----
2 B 38.904 67.124 6.901 No Tension
3 C 31.321 60.886 7.147 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 138.33 -2.961 96.018
5 E 22.235 80.490 8.894 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 12.420 58.161 19.058 0.02fc (40)
7 G -0.919 77.152 16.117 0.04 fc (80)
Chikkar Dam

standard Ogee profile with upstream slope of 0.1H:1V and downstream
347
level has been kept at EL.170.00m. With crest level at EL.198.00 m, the

7. Cm = 0.730
Table – 6.24
No. Combination Stress Stress Safety in Tensile Stress
(T/sq.m) (T/sq.m) Sliding (T/Sq.m)
1 A 86.462 12.590 -- ----
2 B 20.255 60.791 1.845 No Tension
3 C 17.398 57.065 1.793 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 96.526 69.194 33.935
5 E 9.754 80.490 2.346 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 2.276 53.909 4.091 0.02 fc (40)
7 G -5.572 65.996 3.789 0.04 fc (80)
Dabdar Dam

provided. The spillway has its crest at EL.157.00 m and comprises of
348
7. Cm = 0.730
Table – 6.25

No. Combination Stress Stress Safety in Stress
1 A 144.867 0.318 -- ----
2 B 41.841 80.573 1.592 No Tension
3 C 37.756 74.595 1.542 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 164.255 -15.439 23.430
5 E 21.526 97.257 1.939 0.02 fc (40)
6 F 8.880 71.745 3.186 0.02 fc (40)
7 G -9.450 94.20 2.871 0.04 fc (80)
Kelwan Dam

349

7. Cm = 0.730
Table – 6.26

No. Combination Stress Stress Safety in Tensile Stress
1 A 32.244 20.933 -- ---
2 B 5.000 45.125 3.197 No Tension
3 C 6.427 34.891 3.464 0.01 fc (20)
4 D 41.146 13.730 35.155
5 E -8.095 56.489 3.612 0.02 fc (40)
6 F -1.686 32.779 8.715 0.02 fc (40)
7 G -16.064 54.414 6.260 0.04 fc (80)
Permissible Values of Tensile Stress as per IS.6512 are:
1. 40t/sq.m for load condition as enumerated under E

2. 40t/sq.m for load condition as enumerated under F
350
3. 80t/sq.m for load condition as enumerated under G
The stresses obtained are within permissible limit and the factor of
safety against sliding under all condition of loading is much more than 1.0
(the minimum of the specified requirement under different combination of
loading as per IS.6512). Hence, the stability is in order.
The details of Overflow sections of Jheri, Paikhed, Chasmandva,

Chikkar, Dabdar and Kelwan concrete dams are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-
5900-P-3046, 3006, 3026 and 3066(Plates – 6.15, 6.38, 6.61 and 6.85) in
Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3086 and 3106(Plates –
6.109 and6.133) in Volume –VIII(B).
6.2.2.4.5 Chute Spillway
A Spillway chute channel has been proposed below the spillway

glacis for all the 6 dams. It will envisage excavation in rock to reach desired
levels/grades. A tentative thickness of 1500mm has been proposed for the
concrete including 500mm thick rich concrete (M50) for the floor of the
chute. The aeration arrangements have not been designed. They will be
designed in the next stage of designs and studied in detail on a hydraulic
model for ensuring that cavitation will not take place. The Longitudinal
Sections of Chute Spillways of the six dams are at Drawing Nos. PTNL-
5900-P-3042, 3002, 3022 and3062 (Plates – 6.21, 6.44, 6.67and 6.91) in
Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3082 and 3102 (Plates
– 6.115and 6.139) in Volume –VIII (B).
Water surface elevations at different sections (section A-A, section

B-B) as shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3055, 3014, 3015, 3029,
3075 (Plates – 6.22, 6.45, 6.46, 6.68and 6.92 in Volume –VIII (A)) and
Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3095and 3115 (Plates – 6.116and 6.140 in
Volume –VIII (B)), have been calculated taking into account the discharge
intensity, height of fall and the existing ground slope. Based on these water
surface elevations, the maximum height of the chute channel wall has been
fixed after considering sufficient freeboard. The chute walls have been
designed as retaining wall having junctions at the floor from both sides. The
351
Chute profile is tentative and subject to confirmation of satisfactory
performance through physical model studies.
6.2.2.4.6 Energy Dissipation Arrangement
The dissipation of the kinetic energy after flow through chute channel
is necessary for bringing the flow into downstream river to pre-dam
condition. The factors that govern the type of energy dissipater to be used
are:
a) Hydraulic considerations
b) Topography
c) Geology
d) Type of dam
e) Economic considerations etc.
In all the 6 dams, Ski jump type Energy dissipation has been proposed
due to:
i) The bed of the river channel downstream comprises sound rock

capable of withstanding the impact of high jet.
ii) Depth of tail water is insufficient for the formation of hydraulic
jump.
The details of the principal features in the design of Ski jump energy
dissipation for all the 6 dams are given in Table – 6.27 below:
Table – 6.27
Principal Features in the Design of Ski Jump Energy Dissipation
Sl. Dam Radius Invert TWL Lip Level Lip

No of Level of Angle
Bucket Bucket (in
(in m) Degrees)
1 Jheri 30 176 m 178 m 182 m 35
2 Paikhed 30 160 m 190 m 182 m 35
3 Chasmandva 30 178 m 190 m 155 m 30
352
4 Chikkar 30 151 m 153 m 180 m 30
5 Dabdar 30 114 m 123 m 125 m 30
6 Kelwan 30 115 m 132 m 130 m 30
6.2.2.4.7 Curtain and Consolidation Grouting
Grouting shall be done under close guidance of Geologist and

procedure adopted at site should conform to IS 6066(latest edition).Any
shear, fault plane or other geological features encountered in the foundation
shall be suitably treated in consultation with the Geologist.
Curtain Grouting under spillway at u/s may be carried out as per IS

6066 in consultation with the Geologist. The spacing, depth and inclination
of grout holes may be modified depending upon the State of foundation rock
after excavation and based on the results of grout acceptance tests done in
consultation with the Geologist.
Consolidation grouting shall be done in 100 % of the base width in

the foundation area of overflow and Non-Overflow portion. Minimum
diameter of consolidation grouting holes shall be 38 mm.
6.2.2.4.8 Spillway Gates

A. Jheri Dam:
i) Spillway Radial Gates and Hoists
Spillway crest radial gates (5 nos.) of opening size 15.0 m wide x

12.0 m high shall be provided to control the discharge through the gated
portion of the spillway. Each gate shall be operated by means of twin
Hydraulic Hoist of 200 t (2x100 t for each gate) capacity (tentative)
mounted on pier through cardanic support at EL 248.40 m. The sill of the
gate is located at EL 233.78 m. The radial gate shall be designed for a head
corresponding to FRL i.e. EL 246.00 m. The gates shall be operated under
water head between elevations EL 247.00 m (MWL) to EL 233.78 m. The
water load on the gate is transferred from gate through radial arms to
trunnion brackets and finally to concrete piers through anchorage or to the
trunnion girder and finally to the pier through un-bonded conventional
anchorages. The anchors shall be designed to cater for loads imposed due to
gate being at any position for different water heads. The gate has been
353
designed to close under its own weight for all operating conditions. The
overall design of Radial Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000. The general
installation of Spillway Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-JHD-
1501 (Plate No.6.23) in Volume –VIII (A).
The salient features of Spillway Radial Gate are furnished in

Annexure – 6.1.
ii) Stop logs for Radial Gates
One set of sliding type stop logs has been envisaged to cater for
maintenance requirement of 5 nos. of dam spillway radial gates. The stop
log set for opening size of 15.0 m wide x 12.60 m high shall be fabricated in
six units with height of each unit 2100 mm i.e., one non- interchangeable
bottom unit and five nos. interchangeable units. The stop logs shall have
downstream skin plate and downstream sealing, fitted with sliding pads and
adequate structural members. The element is also fitted with side guide
rollers for guiding the elements under operation. The stop logs shall be
designed for head corresponding to FRL of 246.0 m (sill 233.78 m). The
stop log units shall be operated under balanced head condition by means of
a gantry crane of adequate capacity with the help of a lifting beam, except
the top unit, which shall be raised under unbalanced head condition. Four
elements are proposed to be stored in the storage bay and remaining two
elements shall be stored in right/left NOF section of dam when not in use.
The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-
5900-JHD-1502 (Plate No.6.24 in Volume –VIII (A)).
The salient features of Spillway Stop log Gate are furnished in

Annexure – 6.2 in Volume-II.
iii) Gantry crane for Spillway Stop logs
A class-II gantry crane conforming to IS: 807 having wheel gauge of

6.0 m (Tentative) and wheel base of 10.0 m (Tentative) is proposed to be
installed at the spillway road bridge at EL: 253.0 m. This gantry will serve
the purpose of operation of spillway stop logs.
354
iv) Instruments and Remote Control
The main items of control and equipment of Jheri Dam Project shall
comprise the following:
a) Control and operation of all gates.

b) Gate position indication and monitoring of all gates.
c) Water level indication and monitoring along with necessary alarms
provided.
d) Monitoring and indication of discharge measurements for discharge
through all gates and hoist.
All the necessary transducers and instrumentation, terminals,

contacts, cabling etc for the above at various locations shall be provided and
incorporated in the remote control system.
One uninterruptible power supply (UPS) of suitable capacity to provide

back up (minimum 1 hour) to the system in case of failure of main power
supply to equipment shall also be provided.
v) Diesel Generating Set
One, three- phase synchronous type diesel generating set of adequate

capacity is envisaged for the emergency operations of the HM equipment at
the dam site. The diesel generating set shall be located in the dam to
provide back-up supply to gate operating equipment and to the
computerized control system in case of power failure.
vi) Weight Estimate for Gates and Operating Equipment
Tentative estimate of weights in respect of complete hydro-

mechanical equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented in
Annexure - 6.3 in Volume-II. The weight estimates are based on standard
empirical formulae and also the hydro-mechanical works actually executed
by various State Government / agencies.
B. Paikhed Dam:
355
portion of the spillway. Each gate shall be operated by means of hydraulic
hoist of 200 t (2 x 100 t) capacity (tentative). The sill of the gate is located
at EL 235.65 m. The radial gate shall be designed for a head corresponding
to FRL i.e. EL 248.00 m. The gates shall be operated under water head
between elevations EL 249.00 m to EL 235.60 m. The water load on the
gate is transferred from gate through radial arms to trunnion brackets and
finally to concrete piers through anchorage or to the trunnion girder and
finally to the pier through un bonded conventional anchorages. The anchors
shall be designed to cater for loads imposed due to gate being at any
position for different water heads. The gate shall be designed to close under
its own weight for all operating conditions. The overall design of Radial
Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000.The overall design of Radial Gates
shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000. The general installation of Spillway Radial
Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-PKD-1501 (Plate No.6.47) in Volume –
VIII (A).

Annexure – 6.4 in Annexure Volume-II.
logs set for opening size of 15 m wide x 12 m high shall be fabricated in six
units with height of each unit 2100 mm i.e., one non- interchangeable
designed for head corresponding to FRL of EL 248.00 m (sill EL 235.84 m).
The stop log units shall be operated under balanced head condition by
means of a gantry crane of 40 t capacity (tentative) with the help of an
automatic engaging and disengaging lifting beam, except the top unit, which
shall be raised under unbalanced head condition. The elements are proposed
to be stored in the storage bay located on the right/left NOF section of dam
356
when not in use. The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at
Drawing No. PTNL-5900-PKD-1502 (Plate No.6.48) in Volume –VIII (A).
The salient features of Spillway Stop log Gate are furnished in

iii) Gantry Crane for Spillway Stop logs

installed at the spillway road bridge at EL 255.0 m. This gantry will serve
The main items of control and equipment of Paikhed Dam Project

shall comprise the following:

provided.

One uninterruptible power supply (UPS) of suitable capacity to

provide back up (minimum 1 hour) to the system in case of failure of main
power supply to equipment shall also be provided.

357

mechanical equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented in
Annexure-6.6 in Annexure Volume-II. The weight estimates are based on
standard empirical formulae and also the hydro-mechanical works actually
executed by various State Government / agencies.
C. Chasmandva Dam:
Spillway crest radial gates (three nos.) of opening size 12.0 m wide x
hydraulic hoist of 180t (2x90t) capacity (tentative) mounted on pier at EL
216.30 m. The sill of the gate is located at EL 201.65 m. The radial gate
shall be designed for a head corresponding to FRL i.e. EL 214.00 m. The
gates shall be operated under water head between elevations EL 215.00 m to
EL 201.65 m. The water load on the gate is transferred from gate through
radial arms to trunnion brackets and finally to concrete piers through
anchorage or to the trunnion girder and finally to the pier through unbonded
conventional anchorages. The anchors shall be designed to cater for loads
imposed due to gate being at any position for different water heads. The gate
shall be designed to close under its own weight for all operating conditions.
The overall design of Radial Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000. The
general installation of Spillway Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-
CHVD-1501 (Plate No.6.69) in Volume –VIII (A).

358
maintenance requirement of 3 nos. of dam spillway radial gates. The
stop log set for opening size of 12 m wide x 12.30 m high shall be
fabricated in six units with height of each unit 2050 mm i.e., one non-
interchangeable bottom unit and five nos. interchangeable units. The stop
logs shall have downstream skin plate and downstream sealing, fitted
with sliding pads and adequate structural members. The element is also
fitted with side guide rollers for guiding the elements under operation.
The stop logs shall be designed for head corresponding to FRL of EL
214.00 m (sill EL 201.86 m). The stop log units shall be operated under
balanced head condition by means of a gantry crane of 35t capacity
(tentative) with the help of a lifting beam, except the top unit, which shall
be raised under unbalanced head condition. The elements are proposed to
be stored in the storage bay located on the left/right bank of NOF section
when not in use. The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at
Drawing No. PTNL-5900-CHVD-1502 (Plate No.6.70 in Volume –VIII
(A)).
The salient features of Spillway Stop log Gate are furnished at


6 m (Tentative) and wheel base of 10.0 m (Tentative) is proposed to be
The main items of control and equipment of Chasmandva Dam

Project shall comprise the following:

359
provided.
All the necessary transducers and instrumentation, terminals, contacts,

cabling etc for the above at various locations shall be provided and


Tentative estimate of weights in respect of complete hydro-mechanical

equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented at Annexure – 6.9 in
Annexure Volume-II. The weight estimates are based on standard empirical
formulae and also the hydro-mechanical works actually executed by various
State Government / agencies.
D. Chikkar Dam:

Hydraulic Hoist of 200t (2x100t) capacity (tentative) mounted on pier
through cardanic at EL 222.25 m. The sill of the gate is located at EL
197.80 m. The radial gate shall be designed for a head corresponding to
360
FRL i.e. EL 210.00 m. The gates shall be operated under water head
between elevations EL 212.00 m (MWL) to EL 197.80 m. The water load on
the gate is transferred from gate through radial arms to trunnion brackets
and finally to concrete piers through anchorage or to the trunnion girder and
finally to the pier through unbonded conventional anchorages. The anchors
position for different water heads. The gate has been designed to close under
Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000.The general installation of Spillway
Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-CKD-1501 (Plate No.6.93) in
Volume –VIII (A).
The salient features of Spillway Radial Gate are furnished at

designed for head corresponding to FRL of EL 210.0 m (sill EL 197.30).
The stoplog units shall be operated under balanced head condition by means
of a gantry crane of adequate capacity with the help of a lifting beam, except
the top unit, which shall be raised under unbalanced head condition. Four
elements are proposed to be stored in the storage bay and remaining two
elements shall be stored in right/left NOF section of dam when not in use.
The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-
5900-CKD-1502 (Plate No.6.94) in Volume –VIII (A).
The salient features of Spillway Stop log Gate are furnished at Annexure-
6.11 in Annexure Volume-II.
361

installed at the spillway bridge at EL: 217.0 m. This gantry will serve the
purpose of operation of spillway stop logs.
The main items of control and equipment of Chikkar Dam Project shall
a. Control and operation of all gates.

b. Gate position indication and monitoring of all gates.
c. Water level indication and monitoring along with necessary alarms
provided.
d. Monitoring and indication of discharge measurements for discharge



362
mechanical equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented Annexure
-6.12 in Annexure Volume-II. The weight estimates are based on standard
empirical formulae and also the hydro-mechanical works actually executed
by various State Government / agencies.
E. Dabdar dam:
i Spillway Radial Gates and Hoists

Hydraulic Hoist of 200t (2 x100 t) capacity (tentative) mounted on pier
finally to the pier through unbonded conventional anchorages. The anchors
position for different water heads. The gate shall be designed to close under
Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000. The general installation of Spillway
Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-DBD-1501 (Plate No.6.117) in
Volume –VIII (B).

i) Stop logs for Radial Gates
363
means of a gantry crane of adequate capacity with the help of a lifting beam,
except the top unit, which shall be raised under unbalanced head condition.
Four elements are proposed to be stored in the storage bay and remaining
two elements shall be stored in right/left NOF section of dam when not in
use. The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at Drawing No.
PTNL-5900-DBD-1502 (Plate No.6.118) in Volume –VIII (B).

Annexure 6.14 in Annexure Volume-II.
iii) Gantry Crane for Spillway Stoplogs

installed at the spillway bridge at EL: 177.0 m. This gantry will serve the
purpose of operation of spillway stop logs.
The main items of control and equipment of Dabdar Dam Project shall

provided.

364


equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented at Annexure- 6.15 in
F. Kelwan dam:

Hydraulic Hoist of 200 t (2 x 100 t) capacity (tentative) mounted on pier
finally to the pier through un bonded conventional anchorages. The anchors
position for different water heads. The gate has been designed to close under
365
Gates shall confirm to IS: 4623-2000. The general installation of Spillway
Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-KLD-1501 (Plate No.6.141 in
Volume –VIII (B)).

ii) Stoplogs for Radial Gates
means of a gantry crane of adequate capacity with the help of a lifting beam,
except the top unit, which shall be raised under unbalanced head condition.
Four elements are proposed to be stored in the storage bay and remaining
two elements shall be stored in right/left NOF section of dam when not in
use. The general installation of Spillway Stop log Gate is at Drawing No.
PTNL-5900-KLD-1502 (Plate No.6.142 in Volume –VIII (B)).


366
The main items of control and equipment of Kelwan Dam Project

shall comprise the following:

provided.




equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented at Annexure – 6.18 in
6.2.2.5 Opening through Dams

367
6.2.2.5.1 Gallery
The common purposes for which galleries are provided in Concrete

Dam body are:
i. To provide drainage way for water seeping through the u/s face of
the dam and from the foundation,
ii. To provide space for drilling holes and grouting the foundation in
order to provide a grout curtain,
iii. To provide access to the interior of the dam for observing its
behaviour after completion, and
iv. To provide access to chambers like Hoist chamber, Pump
chamber, Sump well, Instrument niches etc.
To accomplish the above objectives, a foundation gallery of size 2.0

m x 2.25 m running along full length of the dam spillways at 5.25 m
(average)from the upstream face of the Dam has been proposed. It has been
located as per guidelines in accordance with IS: 12966 (part1).
6.2.2.5.2 Water Stop, Air Vent and Internal Drainage
The water stop shall be installed as per IS 12200.No block out shall
be left around water stop. The water stop shall be raised along with lifts of
concrete for the dam IS 15058 should be referred for specifications of PVC
water stops. Water stop details of Overflow and Non-overflow sections of
the six dams are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3047, 3050, 3053,
3007, 3012, 3027, 3032, 3067, 3070 and 3073 (Plates – 6.17, 6.13, 6.14,
6.40, 6.37, 6.63, 6.60, 6.87, 6.84and 6.83) in Volume –VIII (A) and Drawing
Nos. PTNL-5900-P-3087, 3090, 3093, 3107, 3110 and 3113 (Plates – 6.111,
6.108, 6.107, 6.135, 6.131and 6.132) in Volume –VIII (B),
Ventilation pipes/holes of 300 mm diameter have been provided in

every alternate dam blocks from the galleries. However, where adits are not
provided, ventilation shafts of about 1 m diameter may be provided, one
each near either end of the gallery to maintain a draft of air. The ventilation
arrangements should conform to IS 12966.
368
200 mm dia. formed concrete drain (vertical) @ 3m c/c has been
provided in all 6 dams as per IS 10135-1985. Elevation of the joints of the
pipe joining the gallery with trap drain shall be suitably located in order to
have proper drainage.
6.3 Barrages and Head Regulators
To divert the surplus waters into Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Canal from

Paikhed Reservoir and Chasmandva Reservoir, two barrages, namely
Paikhed Barrage and Chasmandva Barrage are proposed. These barrages
have been designed as per provisions contained in IS codes 6966(Part 1)
1989, I S 7720 1991, IS 7365-1985,IS 10137 1982,IS 11130 1984, IS
11527-1985. I S 10751 etc. Originally in F R Stage weirs were proposed for
diversion of water to the link canal but for better control and regulation
Barrages have been considered instead.
For design of barrages complete set of data could not be collected due
to public hindrance at the project site, therefore suitable assumptions were
made while designing the barrages. No geological investigation / soil
investigation were carried out. Therefore it was assumed that competent
foundation strata of sufficient bearing capacity, is available at reasonable
depth to provide gravity type of barrage floor with independent pier
foundation.
Suitable head regulators for the control of flow in the canals are also
proposed on both the barrages. The details of head regulator and flared out
wall details of Paikhed and Chasmandva head regulator are at Drawing No.
PTNL-5900-P-2505 and 2510 (Plate No.6.232 and 6.241) in Volume –VIII
(B).
Design aspects of both the barrages are discussed in brief in following

paragraphs.
6.3.1 Selection of Barrage Site
369
Barrage location has been finalized on the basis of FSL of canal off
taking from Barrage, topography etc. Paikhed and Chasmandva barrages
are located on the D/S of Paikhed Dam and Chasmandva Dam respectively.
The river reach is straight at these locations and the banks are well defined.
The area on either flank of barrage (bank side) shall be developed to suitable
elevation so that water is safely contained in the barrage pondage. General
layout plans and detailed layout plans of Paikhed and Chasmandva barrages
are at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2501, 2502, 2506 and 2507 (Plate
No.6.228, 6.229, 6.237 and 6.238) in Volume –VIII (B).
6.3.2 Design Flood

A) Paikhed Barrage
Paikhed barrage has been designed for 1:100 design flood i.e. 2223
cumecs and free board has been checked for discharge corresponding to 1 in
500 years (3606 cumecs). Due to proximity of dam on upstream, free board
has been checked for PMF (5307 cumecs) as well. The top of pier and
abutments were kept at 152.00 m.
B) Chasmandva Barrage
Chasmandva barrage has been designed for 1:100 design flood of

1571 cumecs and free board has been checked for discharge corresponding
to 1 in 500 yrs (2072 cumecs). Due to proximity of dam on the upstream,
free board has been checked for PMF (2578 cumecs) as well. The top of pier
and abutments were kept at 133.00 m.
6.3.3 River Diversion for Paikhed and Chasmandva Barrage
The Paikhed barrage is proposed to be constructed in two units

separated by a double pier, one having four bays and second having three
bays of 15 m each. The Chasmandva barrage is proposed to be constructed
in two units each having four bays of 12 m each. The diversion can be easily
done by making a coffer dam to cordon off the work area. It is further
proposed to restrict the working period to non-monsoon season only. The
coffer dam shall be rebuilt after every monsoon. As work involves deep
370
excavation, provision shall be made for keeping the work area dry by well
point system of pumping.
6.3.4 Silt Factor
Silt factor is required to access the depth of scour. In the present case
as barrage is founded on RBM, till specific values are obtained silt factor
value has been taken as 1.
6.3.5 Assumed Retrogression at Maximum and Minimum Discharges
Suitable value of retrogression were assumed to vary from 0.3 to 0.5

m at high discharges to 1.0 at low discharges.
6.3.6 Pond Level
Pond levels were fixed based on the FSL of off taking canals. Pond
levels adopted in case of Paikhed and Chasmandva Barrages are 143.50 m
and 131.00 m respectively.
6.3.7 Waterway and HFL
For Paikhed Barrage 7 number bays are provided each with 15 m

clear waterway. As there is a deep pond on the u/s of Head regulator, the
crest level for all the bays is kept at EL 136.0 m (average river bed level) to
have better control over sedimentation.
For Chasmandva barrage 8 number bays are provided each with 12 m

clear waterway. As there is a deep pond on the u/s of head regulator, the
crest level for all the bays is kept at EL 123.0 m (average river bed level) to
have better control over sedimentation.
The waterway provided is checked for 1 in 100 year flood , 1 in 500

year flood and spillway capacity of the main dam on the U/S. For
determination of u/s affluxed HFL, it is assumed that all the gates are fully
open while passing the floods and discharge coefficient is based on
Mallikpur curves.
371
6.3.8 Energy Dissipation Arrangement
To dissipate the energy of water coming out from the barrage spillway
so that it may not cause excessive scour immediately downstream of
barrage, a stilling basin type arrangement has been proposed. Dimensions
(i.e. depth and length) of stilling basin are best determined on the basis of
model studies. However as per relevant provisions of IS 6966, calculations
are made to determine the cistern level and length of stilling basin such that
the hydraulic jump formed under various possible flow conditions, is
contained within the stilling basin.
6.3.9 Drainage and Anchorage Arrangements
The barrages are supposed to rest on rock foundation. Therefore uplift

pressures are partly resisted by weight of barrage floor and partly by
elaborate arrangement of Rock anchors under stilling basin portion. To
reduce uplift pressures drainage arrangement in form of drainage holes and
half round tile drains has also been proposed. The longitudinal and cross
section and stilling basin plans (anchorage and drainage details) of Paikhed
and Chasmandva barrage are at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2503, 2504,
2508 and 2509 (Plates -6.231, 6.232, 6.239 and 6.240) of Volume-VIII(B).
6.3.10 Barrage Spillway Gates

Seven (7) nos. of spillway radial gate of size 15.0 m wide x 7.0 m
high shall be provided to control the discharge through gated portion of
barrage. The sill of the gate is located at EL 136.0 m. The radial gates are
designed for the head of 14 m corresponding to Upper Pond Level of
EL 150.0 m. The gates can be operated under water head between sill levels
of EL 136 m to Upper pond level of EL 150.0 m.
The water load on the gate is transferred from gate leaf structure
through radial arms to trunnion bracket and finally to concrete piers through
anchorage arrangement. The anchorage will be designed to cater to the loads
imposed due to gate being at any position at different water heads.
372
Each gate will be operated by means of 160 t capacity (2 x 80 t)
(tentative) twin hydraulic hoists mounted on cardanic supports. The general
installation of Barrage Spillway Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-
PKB-1501 (Plate No.6.233) in Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Paikhed Barrage Spillway Radial Gate are

furnished at Annexure – 6.19 in Annexure Volume-II.
Fixed wheel vertical lift gate (Eight nos.) for opening size 12.0m
wide x 8.0m high shall be provided to control the discharge through gated
portion of barrage. Each gate shall be operated under unbalanced head
condition by means of electrically operated rope drum hoist of 60t capacity
(Tentative), mounted on Hoist Bridge, supported on trestles fixed on top of
pier EL133.0m.
The sill of the gate is located at EI 123.0 m. The gates are designed
for the head corresponding to Pond Level of EL 131.0 m and checked for
affluxed HFL of 131.456m. The gates can be operated under water head
between EI 131.456 m to EI 123.0 m. Gates shall be stored/ maintained
above top of pier EL 133.0m.The general installation of Barrage Spillway
Radial Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-CHB-1501 (Plate No.6.242) in
Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Chasmandva Barrage Spillway Radial Gate are

6.3.11 Barrage Spillway Stoplogs

Stop logs are proposed for maintenance of barrage spillway radial

gates. One set of sliding type stop logs of size 15.0 m x 9.1 m (over all
height) for spillway (consisting of 4 units of 2.275 m high each) is
proposed. Each unit shall be 15.0 m x 2.275 m. All four units of stop logs
shall be interchangeable with the openings of barrage spillway. These units
shall be designed for maximum water head corresponding to Upper Pond
373
level of EL 150.0 m (sill EL 136.0 m). Each stop log units is provided with
d/s skin plate and d/s sealing arrangement with music note type Teflon
cladded side seal and wedge type rubber seal at the bottom shall be
provided.
Top unit shall be provided with adequate capacity filling valves to

facilitate lifting of stop logs in balanced head condition. The stop logs units
shall be lowered and lifted under balanced head conditions and shall be
operated by means of a gantry crane of 50t capacity (Tentative) traveling on
barrage spillway bridge on top of piers, with the help of one set of lifting
beam of adequate capacity with automatic engaging/disengaging device.
The stop log units shall be stored at top of the pier at EL 152.0 m through
suitable latches. The general installation of Paikhed Barrage Spillway Stop
log Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-PKB-1502 (Plate No.6.234) in
Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Paikhed barrage Spillway Stop log Gate are
Stop logs are proposed for maintenance of service gates of spillway.

One set of sliding type stop logs for spillway (consisting of 5 units of 1.65m
high each) is proposed. Each unit shall be 12.0m x 1.65m. Stop logs shall
be interchangeable with the openings of barrage spillway. These units shall
be designed for maximum water head corresponding to Pond Level of EL
131.0m (sill EL 123.0 m). The stop logs shall be operated by means of a
gantry crane of adequate capacity traveling on Road Bridge provided at top
of the piers, with the help of one set of lifting beam of adequate capacity
with automatic engaging/disengaging device. Each stop log units is
provided with d/s skin plate and d/s sealing arrangement with music note
type Teflon cladded side seal and wedge type rubber seal at the bottom shall
be provided.
Top unit shall be lifted under unbalanced condition by crack opening

for creating balanced head condition. The stop logs units shall be lowered
and lifted under balanced head conditions and shall be operated by means of
374
a gantry crane of 25t capacity (Tentative) traveling on barrage spillway
bridge on top of piers EL 133.0 m, with the help of one set of lifting beam
of adequate capacity with automatic engaging/disengaging device. The stop
log units shall be stored in the stop log grooves when not in use. The general
installation of Chasmandva Barrage Spillway Stop log Gate is at Drawing
No. PTNL-5900-CHB-1502 (Plate No.6.243) in Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Chasmandva barrage Spillway Stop log Gate

are furnished at Annexure – 6.22 in Annexure Volume-II.
6.3.12 Gantry Crane for Stoplogs

A class-II gantry crane conforming to IS: 807, for Operation of

Barrage spillway stop logs having wheel gauge of 6 m (Tentative) and
wheel base of 10.0 m (tentative) is proposed to be installed at top of pier at
EL: 154.50 m.
A class-II gantry crane conforming to IS: 807, for Operation of

Barrage spillway stop logs having wheel gauge of 6 m (Tentative) and
wheel base of 10 m (Tentative) is proposed to be installed at the spillway
road bridge at EL: 135.50m.
6.3.13 Road-Cum-Gantry Bridge, Trestle, etc.
Pier top of Paikhed and Chasmandva Barrages have been provided at

152 m and 133 m respectively. A road–cum-Gantry Bridge has been
proposed with deck level at 154.5 m and 135.5 m respectively. This
approach bridge shall continue on either flank of the barrage. The bridge
shall support gantry crane provided for operation of stop-logs and also the
two lanes of class A vehicle loading/one lane of 70 R loading. Trestles for
operation of service gates of barrage are provided at pier top level. It is
proposed to store the stop-log units, when not in use, in a stop-log pit.
6.3.14 Instruments and Remote Control
375
The remote control system which is microprocessor controlled based
shall consist of one operator station located at top of Paikhed and
Chasmandva Barrages and shall be supplemented by an indication status
stations at powerhouse control room.
The main items of control and equipment of Paikhed and

Chasmandva barrages shall comprise the following:

c) Water level indication and monitoring along with necessary
alarms provided.
d) Monitoring and indication of discharge measurements for
discharge through all gates and hoist.

contacts, cabling etc for the above at various locations shall be
provided and incorporated in the remote control system.

provide back up (minimum 1 hour) to the system in case of failure of
main power supply to equipment shall also be provided.
6.3.15 Diesel Generating Set

the each barrage site. The diesel generating set shall be located at the
barrages to provide back-up supply to gate operating equipment and to the
6.3.16 Weight Estimate for Gates and Operating Equipment

mechanical equipment as envisaged is worked out and presented below.
The weight estimates are based on standard empirical formulae and also the
376
hydro-mechanical works actually executed by various State Government /
agencies.
Tentative weight estimate for Paikhed and Chasmandva barrages are

at Annexure – 6.23(a) and 6.23 (b) and head regulator down stream of Ukai
dam at Annexure 6.24 in Annexure Volume-II.
6.3.17 Protection Works
Flexible protection work in the form of CC blocks, and launching

apron are proposed at downstream as well as at upstream as shown in
relevant drawings as per relevant provisions of IS 6966. The extent and
other details of Flexible protection work may be finalized as per site
conditions through model studies, at the time of construction stage planning.
Minimum weight of stone to be used in protection work should be

such as to resist a flow velocity of 5 m/s or 50 kg whichever is more. If
found economical wire crates may also be used in place of stones.
6.3.18 Seepage Control
Considering rock foundation, RCC cutoffs of design depths are

proposed on upstream and downstream to prevent damage due to piping and
scour by ensuring safe exit gradient.
The salient features of barrages are given in Table – 6.28 below.
Table – 6.28
Salient Features of Barrages
Sr. Description Paikhed Barrage Chasmandva
No. Barrage
1 Design Flood 2223 cumecs 1571 cumecs
Discharge
2 Total Length 68.320 m 63.350 m
3 Total Waterway 138.500 m 122.000 m
4 Top level of 152.000 m 133.000 m
pier/abut.
5 Crest Level 136.000 m 123.000 m
377
6 Cistern Level 131.500 m 118.500 m
7 Pond Level 143.500 m/ 150.00 m 131.000 m
8 HFL (1 in 100) 140.529 m 127.446 m
9 HFL (1 in 500) 141.936 m 128.240 m
10 Width of Pier 4.500 m 3.000 m
11 Clear Width of 15.000 m 12.000 m
each span
6.3.19 Head Regulator, Service Gate and Stoplogs and Hoists

Head regulators with 3 bays, 3.0 m wide each are proposed.

Identical vertical lift type fixed wheel service gate in each bay for opening
size of 3.0 m wide x 3.0 m high, are proposed to control the discharge in
canals. Sill level / Crest level is EL 140.00 m. The gate shall be designed for
water head corresponding Upper Pond Level EL 150 m. These gates will be
operated by means of rope drum hoist of 12 t capacity (tentative) mounted
on steel bridge supported on trestles above top of pier EL 152 m. The
general installation of Head Regulator Service Gate is at Drawing No.
PTNL-5900-PKB-1503 (Plate No.6.235) in Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Paikhed Head Regulator Service Gate are at

One set of wheel type stop logs of size 3.0 m x 10.05 m (over all
height) for spillway (consisting of 3 units of 3.35 m high each) is proposed.
Each unit shall be 3.0 m x 3.35 m. The units of stop logs shall be
interchangeable with the openings of barrage spillway. These units shall be
designed for maximum water head corresponding to Upper Pond level of EL
150.0 m (sill EL 140.0 m). Each stop log units is provided with u/s skin
plate and u/s sealing arrangement with music note type Teflon cladded side
seal and wedge type rubber seal at the bottom. Balanced head shall be
created by crack opening of top unit.
The stop logs units shall be lowered and lifted under balanced head
conditions and shall be operated by means of a monorail crane of 12t
capacity (tentative), with automatic engaging/disengaging device. The stop
logs units shall be stored at top of pier at EL 152.0m through suitable
378
latches. The general installation of Stop logs for Head Regulator Service
Gate is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-PKB-1504 (Plate No.6.236) in Volume
–VIII (B).
The salient features of Stop logs of Paikhed Head Regulator Service

Gate are at Annexure – 6.26 in Annexure Volume-II.
Head regulators with 3 bays, 3.0 m wide each are proposed. Identical
vertical lift type fixed wheel service gate in each bay for opening size of
3.0m wide x 1.0m high, are proposed to control the discharge in canals. Sill
level is 130.0 m. The gate shall be designed for water head corresponding
Pond level EL 131.0m. These gates will be operated by means of rope drum
hoist of 5t capacity (Tentative) mounted on steel bridge supported on trestles
above top of pier. These gates will be closed when water rises above pond
level of 131.0m.The general installation of Head Regulator Service Gate is
at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-CHB-1503 (Plate No.6.244) in Volume –VIII
(B).
The salient features of Chasmandva Head Regulator Service Gate are

at Annexure – 6.27 in Annexure Volume-II.
Stop log is proposed for maintenance of service gates. One set of

sliding type stop logs for head regulator service gate (consisting of 1 units
of 1.2m high) is proposed. The Stop log shall be operated under unbalanced
head with the help of a under slung monorail crane hoist of adequate
capacity (5t tentative), with the help of one set of lifting beam of adequate
capacity with automatic engaging/disengaging device. Stop log unit is
provided with u/s skin plate and u/s sealing arrangement with music note
type Teflon cladded side seal and wedge type rubber seal at the bottom. The
general installation of Stop logs for Head Regulator Service Gate is at
Drawing No. PTNL-5900-CHB-1504 (Plate No.6.245) in Volume –VIII (B).
The salient features of Stop logs of Chasmandva Head Regulator

Service Gate are Annexure – 6.28 in Annexure Volume-II.
6.4 Jheri – Paikhed Link Tunnel
379
The Jheri and Paikhed reservoirs are proposed to be linked by 12.70
km long concrete lined tunnel of 3.0m diameter (D- shaped) and water
carrying capacity of 11.60 cumecs.
6.4.1 Layout of Link Tunnel
The alignment of the link tunnel and one construction adit has been
finalized by CWC on the basis of contour maps and data supplied by
NWDA. The general Layout plans of the tunnel, Alternative and Final are
at Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-1001 and 1002 (Plate Nos. 6.143 and
144) of Volume – VIII (B).
6.4.2 Hydraulic Design of the Link Tunnel
The layout and hydraulic design of the link tunnel has been carried
out for conveying 11.60 cumecs of water from Jheri to Paikhed reservoir.
The size and the slope of the link tunnel have been worked out for supplying
the design discharge under all possible combinations of water levels at the
linked reservoirs under pressure flow conditions. The value of Manning’s
coefficient adopted for design varies from 0.012 to 0.016 for the concrete
lined tunnel.
Following assumptions have been considered for the hydraulic

designs of link tunnels:
a. The minor losses occurring in the link tunnel e.g. entrance losses,
trash rack loss, transition loss, exit loss; bend losses, gate groove
losses, etc. are of negligible amount in comparison to the friction
losses occurring in the link tunnels and therefore not taken into
consideration.
b. The flow through the tunnel is under pressure and driven by the head
difference between the upper and lower reservoirs linked through
tunnel
c. The gates installed at the intake and outfall of link tunnels are meant
for regulating the discharge as well as for maintenance purpose.
The sizes of the link tunnels have been worked out in two steps:
380
STEP- I Different range of tunnel diameter are tried under maximum and
minimum driving head between the linked reservoirs by adopting
maximum and minimum value of Manning’s coefficient with
envisaged value of diversion discharge. This gives a range of
tunnel sizes capable of carrying the design discharge which is
found by equating the major friction losses occurring in the
system with the driving head under all possible heads. Different
shapes of the tunnel were also considered.
STEP- II The tunnel diameter is then fixed on the basis of values obtained
from STEP- I. The adequacy of tunnel for its discharge capacity
is checked under all prevailing head conditions by adopting
maximum and minimum value of manning’s coefficient under all
driving heads. The major friction losses are equated with the
driving head to know the discharging capacity of tunnel under all
possible variation of head.
Different alternatives of tunnel alignments, tunnel shape, like D

Shape, Circular and Modified horse shoe were attempted for the finalization
of the shape and diameter of tunnel. The L-Section along Jheri-Paikhed
Tunnel is at Drawing No. PTNL-5900-DPR-1003 (Plate Nos. 6.145) of
Volume – VIII (B).
6.4.3 Intake structure at Jheri Reservoir
The layout of the intake structure has been planned based on the
geological and topographical data received from NWDA and the alignment
of Jheri to Paikhed Link Tunnel. The intake structure is designed, so as to
produce an adequate acceleration of water from reservoir into the link
tunnel. This is achieved by means of smooth entrance at the intake having
elliptical bell mouth shape and also by placing intake below the minimum
reservoir level for ensuring optimum submergence to avoid formation of
vortices. Metallic trash racks are provided in front of intake structure to
prevent entry of floating debris into the system. The water flows at a small
velocity through trash rack provided in the front of intake structure. The
center to center spacing between the trash bars is provided as 100mm.
381
Submergence of the intake centre line, below the minimum reservoir
level (MDDL) has been checked as per the provisions of IS-9761: 1995. The
hydraulic design of the intake, its dimensioning and sizing has also been
carried out as per the provisions of IS-9761:1995.
The control structure of the intake is located in a vertical shaft

downstream of the intake structure. The vertical shaft consists of grooves
for accommodating service and emergency gates. Suitable transitions have
also been provided for transition from rectangular intake opening to D-
shaped tunnel.
The service gate proposed will be of regulating type to supply the

required water demand. High velocities in the gate area and hydraulic jump
formation are expected depending upon the extent of gate opening. To
protect the concrete tunnel lining from abrasion, steel lining may also be
provided downstream of service gate for an appropriate distance which is to
be firmed up based on model studies. Hydraulic model studies are to be
carried out at detailed design stage for firming up the hydraulic details of
intake and its location in the reservoir.
The hydraulic hoisting arrangement for operation of gates has been

provided. The portion of tunnel in between the intake structure and control
shaft is provided with RCC lining of M25 grade of concrete as per BIS-
456:2000. Appropriate rock support system for control shaft structure has
also been provided for its structural stability. The Intake and Trash rack
details are at Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-1004 and 1005 (Plate Nos.
6.146 and 147) of Volume – VIII (B).
6.4.4 Jheri to Paikhed Link Tunnel Details
Location Jheri Dam Paikhed Dam

FRL (m) EL. 246.00 EL. 248.00
MDDL (m) EL. 204.00 EL. 190.00
Diversion discharge 11.60 cumecs
382
Link Tunnel
Length of tunnel : 12700m

Dia of tunnel : 3.0m, D-shaped
Invert Level : EL. 199.50 at inlet
Invert level : EL. 185.00 at out fall
Adit
Length of Adit : 408.60m

Size : 6.0mx6.0m, D-Shaped
Invert level : EL. 210.00m
A 3.0 m diameter D- shaped concrete link tunnel of length 12.70 km

long has been provided between Jheri and Paikhed reservoirs. The slope of
the Jheri – Paikhed tunnel works out to be 1 in 875. One construction adit
of size 6mx6m (D- shaped) has been provided at RD 6160.00 m for
excavation of the link tunnel. The link tunnel is provided with 250 mm thick
PCC lining of M25 grade concrete for ensuring smooth surface for
conveyance of envisaged discharge. The lining shall be of RCC at junctions
with shafts in very poor rock strata and any other specified reaches
identified during construction. The lining has been designed to resist the
external and internal water pressure. The entire rock load is assumed to be
carried by the rock support system consisting of rock bolts, steel fibre
reinforced shotcrete (SFRS) and steel ribs. The link tunnel is proposed to be
excavated by conventional drill and blast method (DBM) and the design of
rock support system has been carried out by Barton’s Q method.
The rock mass classification according to Bartons ‘Q’ is shown below.
Q value Classification
100-40 Very Good
40-10 Good
10-4 Fair
4-1 Poor
1-0.1 Very Poor
383
The rock support system may need appropriate modifications
depending upon the actual rock mass encountered. Also, the design of rock
support system is not meant for shear zones, weak zones, cavities and very
low cover zones at junctions with adits /vertical shafts, etc. of the tunnel
and the design in these zones require special consideration. Further, the
design of the tunnel is valid for full face excavation of tunneling with
conventional drill and blast method (DBM). The typical excavation and
rock support system is shown in Drawing No. PTNL-5900-DPR-1006
(Plate Nos. 6.148) of Volume – VIII (B).
A typical scheme of contact and consolidation grouting has been

proposed. The contact grouting in the tunnel is proposed to fully pack up
the space between the concrete lining and the rock surface caused by
shrinkage of concrete lining. The consolidation grouting is proposed to fill
up the joints and discontinuity in the rock upto a desired depth. The contact
grouting and consolidating grouting shall be carried out as per the
provisions of BIS-5878(Part-VII). The typical concrete lining and grouting
details are shown in Drawing No. PTNL-5900-DPR-1007 (Plate Nos.
6.149) of Volume – VIII (B).
One construction adit (6mx6m D- shape, 408.60 m long) has been

provided with appropriate rock support system to facilitate construction of
link tunnel by providing additional faces for excavation. The adit will be
provided with access gate in the tunnel plug for carrying out any future
maintenance. The portal location for adit has been selected based on
limited data and shall be firmed up based on the actual site conditions in
consultation with geologist. Typical portal details of the construction adit
have been shown in the drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-1008 and 1009
(Plate Nos. 6.150 and 6.151) of Volume – VIII (B).
6.4.5 Outfall Structure at Paikhed Reservoir
For discharge of water at the end of the tunnel from Jheri to Paikhed
Reservoir, an out fall structure has been provided keeping in view the
topography and geology at the outfall location of Paikhed Reservoir. A
control gate shaft upstream of the outfall structure has been provided with
provisions of Service and Emergency gates.
384
6.4.6 Hydro-Mechanical Equipment for Jheri-Paikhed Tunnel
Hydro–mechanical equipment as under have been envisaged for the

following components of Jheri-Paikhed Link Tunnel.
 Intake at Jheri Reservoir

 Outfall at Paikhed Reservoir
Detailed descriptions for the proposed equipment are as under:
6.4.6.1 Intake in Jheri Reservoir
(A) Service Gate and Emergency Gate and Hoists
Fixed wheel type gate (one no) for opening size of 3.0 m wide x 3.0
m high shall be provided at Jheri reservoir Intake. The sill of the gate is
located at EL 199.50 m. The gate is to be designed for a head corresponding
to FRL 246.0 m and operated under unbalanced head condition. The gate
shall have downstream skin plate and downstream sealing. The gate shall be
operated by means of double acting hydraulic hoist of 50 t capacity
(Tentative). Power pack of hydraulic hoist shall be located at the top of pier
at EL 248.0 m. Maintenance chamber shall be provided at EL 207.00 m. The
salient features of the Service Gate are at Annexure – 6.29 in Annexure
Volume-II.
For maintenance of intake service gate, a fixed wheel type emergency

gate of 3.0 m wide x 3.0 m wide is proposed. The gate is to be designed for
a head corresponding to FRL 246.0 m and operated under unbalanced head
condition. The gate shall have downstream skin plate and downstream
sealing. The gate shall be operated by means of double acting hydraulic
hoist of 50 t (Tentative) capacity. Power pack of hydraulic hoist shall be
located at the top of pier at EL 248.0 m. Maintenance chamber shall be
provided at EL 207.0m. General installation details of Service gate and
emergency Gate at Jheri are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-JPLT-1501
and 1502 (Plate Nos. 6.152 and 6.153) in Volume-VIII(B).
385
The salient features of the Emergency Gate are at Annexure – 6.30 in
Annexure Volume-II.
6.4.6.2 Outfall in Paikhed Reservoir

(A) Service Gate and Emergency Gate and Hoists
m high shall be provided at Paikhed reservoir outfall. The sill of the gate is
located at EL 185.0 m. The gate is to be designed for a head corresponding
to FRL 248.0 m and operated under unbalanced head condition. The gate
shall have downstream skin plate and downstream sealing. The gate shall be
operated by means of double acting hydraulic hoist of 70 t capacity
(Tentative). Power pack of hydraulic hoist shall be located at the top of pier
at EL 250.0 m. Maintenance chamber shall be provided at EL 194.0m.The
salient features of the Service Gate are at Annexure – 6.31 in Annexure
Volume-II.
For maintenance of outfall service gate, a fixed wheel type emergency

gate of 3.0 m wide x 3.0 m wide is proposed. The sill of the gate is located
at EL 185.0 m. The gate is to be designed for a head corresponding to FRL
248.0 m and operated under unbalanced head condition. The gate shall have
downstream skin plate and downstream sealing. The gate shall be operated
by means of double acting hydraulic hoist of 70 t capacity (Tentative).
Power pack of hydraulic hoist shall be located at the top of pier at EL 250.0
m. Maintenance chamber shall be provided at EL 194.0 m. General
installation details of Service gate and emergency Gate at Paikhed are
shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-JPLT-1503 and 1504 (Plate Nos. 6.154
and 6.155) in Volume-VIIIB).
The salient features of the Emergency Gate are at Annexure – 6.32 in

Annexure Volume-II.
6.4.6.3 Instruments and Remote Control
The remote control system which is microprocessor controlled

based shall consist of one operator stations located at top of pier of Jheri-
386
Paikhed Link Tunnel and shall be supplemented by an indication status
stations at powerhouse control room.
The main items of control and equipment of Jheri-Paikhed Link

Tunnel shall comprise the following:

provided.

The system shall include various instruments like water level

transmitters, sensors for opening indication of spillway gates, and intake
gate and height (opening) measurements.

6.4.6.4 Diesel Generating Set
Two, three- phase synchronous type diesel generating set of

adequate capacity is envisaged for the emergency operations of the HM
equipment at Link Tunnel. The diesel generating set shall be located on the
top of pier of Jheri Dam for Jheri Intake side and of Paikhed Dam for
Paikhed Intake side respectively, to provide back-up supply to gate
operating equipment and to the computerized control system in case of
power failure.
6.4.6.5 Weight Estimate for Gates and Operating Equipment
387
Detailed estimate of weights in respect of complete hydro-
mechanical equipment as envisaged is worked out and is at Annexure – 6.33
in Annexure Volume-II. The tentative weight estimates are based on
standard empirical formulae and also the hydro-mechanical works actually
executed by various State government / agencies.
6.5 Canals
In planing and design of Canal systems of Par-Tapi-Narmada link project
both Open canal and Underground pipe line systems are studied to minimise
the Land requirement for canal construction. It was opined that replacing the
Main canal by the pipe line system is not viable, techno-economically, due
to the topographical constraints. Hence, it is decided to replace the four
Feeder canals that were planned in the DPR of PTN link project by
Pipelines.
6.5.1 Open canals

The proposed Par – Tapi – Narmada link canal project has three
main parts. These are as follows:
i) Par–Tapi reach of Par–Tapi - Narmada link off-taking from proposed

Paikhed Barrage across river Nar, and terminating in the existing Ukai
reservoir on river Tapi (177.736 km).
ii) Tapi – Narmada reach of Par–Tapi - Narmada link off-taking from Ukai
reservoir and terminating at Miyagam branch canal of Narmada Main
Canal system after crossing Narmada River (191.307 km).
6.5.2 Feeder Pipe lines
Details of Feeder pipe lines are dicribed below
i) Feeder Pipe lines: There are three main feeder Pipe line emanating from
Chasmandva Barrage, Tail Race Channels of Dabdar Dam power House
and Kelwan Dam Power House feeding main canal in Par to Tapi reach.
The lengths of these feeder Pipe line are 2.859 km, 12.258 km, and 7.62
km respectively.
388
ii) One interlinking feeder Pipe line connecting Chikkar Dam and Dabdar
Dam reservoirs to transfer 6.46 Cumecs of discharge from Chikkar Dam
to Dabdar Dam. This feeder Pipe line is of 14.342 km length.
6.5.3 Tunnels:
To avoid lengthy traverse of canal and heavy cutting, Five D- shaped, lined
tunnels are proposed in the Par-Tapi reach of the reach of Par–Tapi –
Narmada link canal. The details of these tunnels are as follows;
Details of Tunnels Proposed in Par–Tapi – Narmada Link

S Tunnel RD RD Length Diameter
N No. From (m) To (m) (m) (m)
1 Tunnel 1 14650 14750 100 5.5
2 Tunnel 2 24000 24350 350 5.5
3 Tunnel 3 32350 32550 200 5.5
4 Tunnel 4 37750 37800 50 5.5
5 Tunnel 5 51500 51950 450 5.5
Typical excavation and rock support details of tunnels are shown in

Drawing No.PTNL-5900-P-2678 (Plate No.6.413) in Volume-VIII (C).
Typical concrete lining and grouting details are shown in Drawing
No.PTNL-5900-P-2679 (Plate No.6.414) in Volume-VIII (C). Typical tunnel
portal support details of Entry and Exit portal are shown in Drawing No.
PTNL-5900-P-2680 (Plate No.6.415) in Volume-VIII (C).
6.5.1 Description of Canal System

6.5.1.1 Canal Capacity
The 369.043 km long Par–Tapi-Narmada link canal, off takes from

Paikhed Barrage with the FSL of 142.800 m. In the initial reaches starting
from Paikhed Barrage, the canal has a carrying capacity of 38.17 cumecs.
As the canal moves northwards, water from other reservoirs is added
through the feeder pipe lines. Thus the capacity of canal increases at the
respective RDs where the feeder pipe lines contributes to the discharge of
main canal. Maximum discharge after sparing the State’s requirement of
389
command area of State Government proposed projects, enroute command
on left side of link canal by gravity and right side of link canal by lift, the
capacity of the canal becomes 63.69 cumecs at the tail before falling in
Ukai, after traversing a length of 177.736 km in first reach, i.e Par-Tapi-
Reach.
The canal capacity of Tapi-Narmada reach at off take from Ukai

reservoir is 46.64 cumecs and after meeting en route and target area
requirements, the canal capacity at the tail end reduces to 17.26 cumecs.
The hydraulic details and design parameters of Tapi – Narmada portion of
link are given in the Table below and in the the drawings.
Typical Canal sections at different reaches of Main Canal and Feeder

pipe lines are shown in Drawing No.PTNL-5900-P-2511 (Plate No.6.246
and modified sections in plate no.6.426 (a)) in Volume-VIII (C). Typical
canal sections in cutting and filling are shown in Drawing No.PTNL-5900-
P-2512 (Plate No.6.247) in Volume-VIII (C).
6.5.1.2 Canal Alignment
The alignment of the proposed Par –Tapi link canal and feeders Pipe
line, finalized on the basis of field surveys have been marked on toposheets.
Canal was aligned as contour canal. The canal off take with FSL of 142.800
m from Head Regulator at Paikhed Barrage. Thereafter the Chasmandva
feeder Pipe line which off takes from Chasmandva barrage at FSL of
130.600 m joins the main canal at RD 62.072 km at FSL of 129.244 m.
Similarly, the Dabdar feeder Pipe line which off takes from the main
dam at FSL 136.960 m joins the main canal at RD 108.25 km at FSL of
119.217 m and Kelwan feeder Pipe line, also off taking from main dam at
FSL 135.46 m joins the main canal at RD 129.600 km at FSL of 114.418 m.
In view of the fact that the FRL of the terminal reservoir at Ukai is
RL 105.150 m and that the length of the Par-Tapi canal is about 177.736 km,
the off take level at Paikhed Barrage has been kept at RL142.800 m thereby
giving working head of 38.35 m . The bed gradient of the Main canal from
Par to Tapi is different from reach to reach and it varies from 1 in 7,500 to 1
in 8500.
390
The main canal has to cross the ridges between various basins and
sub-basins where in deep cuts are involved and also to cross many rivers
and streams requiring construction of cross drainage works. Five tunnels of
have been proposed to avoid circuitous route and deep cutting.
For feeders Pipe lines the off take levels are considered keeping in
view the corresponding FSL of main canal where the feeder pipe line joins
the link. Economy in case of feeder pipe lines from Dam/ Barrage of
Chikkar and Chasmandva diversion points and MDDL at off take diversion
point for feeder pipe lines from Kelwan and Dabdar has been kept in view.
The Par-Tapi-Narmada link canal is predominantly contour canal and
traverses a total length of 369.043 km. In the first reach of 177.736 km,
canal off takes from Head regulator of Paikhed Barrage and falls into Ukai
reservoir in second reach of canal of 191.310 km off takes from Ukai
Reservoir and outfalls into Miyagam branch canal of Narmada main canal.
It crosses several streams, minor/major Rivers and several roads and railway
lines. Each reach has different slope and cross section elements. The
alignment has been marked on the strip survey contour sheet for every 3.0
km along with the corresponding longitudinal section. Total 136 No of
sheets for canal alignment have been prepared. Following data has been
provided as Longitudinal Section table with every Drawing:
1 CHAINAGE R.D (metre)
2 NSL
3 Canal Bed Level
4 Bed Slope (nH:1V)
5 Design Discharge (Cumecs)
6 FSL
7 FSD
8 Bed Width
9 Head Loss (CD Structure)
10 Side Slope
11 Free Board
12 Canal Top Level
13 Depth of Cutting
14 Depth of Filling
Variables have been tabulated at every 50 m interval and data which

do not change frequently are clubbed together at the top row of the table.
391
All the 136 sheets containing the L.S. and strip contour maps of Par-
Tapi-Narmada link canal are given as PTNL-5900-P-2515 to 2650 (Plate
Nos. 6.250 to 6.385 in Volume-VIII (C)). The alignment consists of straight
lines and circular curves as per Clause 6.4 of IS 5968: ‘Guidelines for
planning and layout of canal system’. The range of radius are given in a
table below.
Radii of curves for canals

Discharge (m3/s) Radius, Min( m)
280 and above 900
Less than 280 to 200 750
Less „ 200 to 140 600
Less „ 140 to 70 450
Less ,, 70 to 40 300
Less ,, 40 to 10 200
Less „ 10 to 3 150
Less „ 3 to 0.3 100
Less „ 0.3 50
Accordingly effort was made to keep all the curves in the Par-Tapi-
Narmada link canals within specified limits of 200 to 300 m. But due to
hilly terrain in initial reaches it was practically not possible to comply with
these limits as such curves of smaller radius, than depicted above, have also
been introduced at such reaches; however canal bed has to be super elevated
on those curves.
6.5.1.3 Details of Lining Provided
Lining is provided for the entire length of main Canal to minimize

seepage. Lining with CC 1:4:8 is proposed in canal bed as well as in side
slopes. The thickness of lining varies according to canal capacity as per IS
code 3873-1978: Laying cement concrete/stone slab lining on canals.
However lining of 75 mm thickness is assumed for most of the reaches.
Typical cross section of lining of canal is indicated in the drawings. At
places where ground water table or otherwise water table is higher suitable
drainage arrangement has been suggested including provision of non-return
valves, in staggered pattern, at the rate of 1 pressure release valve (PRV)
for every 40 m2 of lining along the side slopes and at every 100 m 2 of lining
392
in canal bed. Typical details of canal lining and drainage arrangement under
the lining are shown in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-P-2513 and 2514 (Plate
No.6.248 and 6.249) in Volume-VIII (C).
6.5.1.4 Transmission Losses
Unforeseen losses and demands have been taken care of by increasing

the discharges provided with the cut-off Statement for Par-Tapi reach by
20% and Tapi-Narmada reach by 10%.
6.5.1.5 Sections and Reaches
As the length of canal increases from the starting point, more

reservoirs and the command area are added and so the section of the canal
needs change. It is not practical to change the section of the canal at each
and every off take point. Hence the canal is divided into suitable reaches
and canal sections are designed to carry the required discharges in the
particular reaches. The Statements showing the hydraulic particulars for the
various reaches of the canal are at Annexure – 6.34 and 6.35 in Annexure
Volume-II.
6.5.1.6 Shape
The shape has been selected as trapezoidal with rounded corners as

per provisions of IS 10430. The bed width increases from head to tail with
no change in the water depth so that intended flow velocity is generated for
the Par-Tapi reach of canal and constant bed width with varying FSD is kept
for the Tapi-Narmada reach.
6.5.1.7 Design Calculation for Adequacy of Canal Section

(a) Open canal
To prevent losses and to reduce the required section of canal, plain
cement concrete lined canal is proposed throughout the reaches of Par-Tapi-
Narmada link project. The canal section is designed using Manning’s
formula. In absence of soil and sub soil data a trapezoidal section with 1.5:1
(H:V) side slope, both in cutting and filling , has been assumed for design of
canal section. As the available head for the main canals was inadequate,
393
effort was made to make the canal section as hydraulically efficient as
possible. Therefore trapezoidal lined canal with rounded corners was
provided to improve hydraulic radius of section. Longitudinal slopes for
canal were targeted to be around 1 in 8000 however other factors like
topography, available head between various reaches and expected head
losses due to canal and various cross drainage structures along the length of
canal were deciding factors in finalizing the slopes.
For V = 1/n R 2/3 S ½

Where V = Velocity in m/sec
N = Rugosity coefficient or Manning’s n , 0.018 for RCC lined
canal
S = Bed slope of canal
Velocity to be adopted depends upon the type of lining and

maximum / minimum permissible velocities for the section. Effort was to
keep critical velocity ratio as unity or slightly higher than unity and to keep
velocities sub-critical, for assumed set of parameters. Due to restraint of
available head, steeper slopes to provide higher velocities near to
permissible velocity in cement concrete lining and thereby avail the benefit
of cement concrete lining could not be made. For the initial Par – Tapi link
approach of equal FSD in all the reaches was considered, with this
assumption different bed width were obtained for different reaches , with
B/D ratio ranging from approximately 2 to 8. Whereas Tapi to Narmada
reach was designed for constant width to allow for uniform width of canal,
thereby equal size of CD structures and bridges.
Details of design of typical canal section on various reaches are:
The velocity ranges between 0.95 m/sec to 1.05 m/sec, which is

below 2.7 m/sec the limiting velocity as per IS code 10430-1982 for C.C.
lining.
The critical velocity ratio is found to be ranging from 0.87 to 0.99 in

main canal.
394
The full supply depth of main canal is 2.800 m in Par-Tapi reach and
2.65 m to 3.22 m in Tapi – Narmada reach. The free board of 0.75 m and
0.600 m are provided as per IS code 10430-1982. Effort was made to keep
ratio of bed width to depth within 2 to 8.
Certain fixed values of Loss of head have been assumed at canal

structures or cross drainage structures for designing the longitudinal section
of canal which are as follows.
1.Aqueducts and Culvert: 140 mm (52 mm in Tapi

to Narmada Reach for all
the drainage crossings
due to many crossings
and most of them may
incur little head loss)
2.Road and Rly Bridges, Superpassages 40 mm and 10

mm
3.Cross regulator cum HR/Escape 150 mm
4.Tunnels 140 mm at entry and exit and 40 mm for every 50 m
In Par – Tapi reach the section of canal at head is 8.5 X 2.8 m and at
tail end is 16.5 X 2.80 m, while in Tapi – Narmada reach the section at head
is 8.8 X 3.22 m and at tail end is 5.0 X 2.65 m. Typical sections for canal in
full cutting, partial banking and partial cutting and full banking are given in
the drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-2511and 2512 (Plate No.6.246 and 6.247)
in Volume-VIII (C).
(b) Pipe line Design
395
Where:
V= Mean velocity in meters per second
n = Mannings coefficient of roughness
R = Hydraulic radius in meters ( The cross-sectional area of flow divided by
the wetted perimeter)
S = Hydraulic slope in meters per meter. This is the indication of the loss of
head in system.
Q = Quantity of flow in cubic meters per second
A = Cross-sectional area of flow in square meters
Solving for hydraulic radius of a fully, filled pipe.
For flow >/= Radious
396
1 circular segment height
2 central angle
3 circular segment area

4 arc length
5 flow area
6 wetted perimeter
7 hydraulic radius
Hydraulic details of Main canal

Sl. No. Reach Designed Bed Slope Bed Full
From To discharge width Supply
of canal Depth
Km Km cumec m m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Par - Tapi Reach
1 00.00 62.072 38.17 1 in 7500 8.50 2.80
2 62.072 108.250 46.64 1 in 7500 10.50 2.80
3 108.250 129.600 46.64 1 in 8000 10.95 2.80
4 129.600 177.470 63.69 1 in 8500 16.50 2.80
Tapi - Narmada Reach
1 0.00 51.043 46.64 1 in 10000 8.80 3.22
2 51.043 69.150 36.40 1 in 10000 7.50 3.12
3 69.150 82.171 31.80 1 in 10000 5.60 3.06
4 82.171 191.31 17.26 1 in 10000 5.00 2.65
397
Hydraulic details of Feeder Pipe line
Sl. Feeder pipe line Length Bed Designed Dia. Nos.

No in Km slope Discharge of of pipe
. in cumec Pipe
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Feeder Pipe line from 2.859 1 in 8.50 2.6 m 2
Chasmandva weir to 5500
Main Canal
2 Feeder Pipe line 14.342 1 in 6.40 2.5m 2
interconnecting 7500
Chikkar and Dabdar
Reservoirs
3 Feeder Pipe line from 12.258 1 in 17.00 2.9m 3
Dabdar Reservoir to 5000
main canal
4 Feeder Pipe line from 7.616 1 in 17.00 2.6m 4
Kelwan Reservoir to 5500
main canal
398
6.5.1.8 Canal Operation
The main Canal and feeder Pipe lines will be in operation throughout
the year with a peak discharge of 63.69 cumec.
6.5.2 Canal Structures

6.5.2.1 Cross Drainage Works / Regulators
As per available data, various canal structures, Bridges and Cross
drainage structures have been proposed. Their reach wise number of
structures is given in the Table – 6.29 below:
Table – 6.29
Details of Structures
S N Type of Structure Par- Tapi- Total
Tapi Narmada
1 Aqueduct 37 36 55
2 Super Passage 1 75 69
3 Syphon Aqueduct 2 30 32
4 Canal Syphon 3 24 27
5 Culverts 3 13 16
6 SLRB 39 93 132
7 DLRB 14 6 20
8 RLY B 2 5 07
9 Escapes 04
10 Cross Regulator 3 8 11
11 Head Regulator 23 23 46
Total 444
There are 25 no. of river/nallas in the reach of feeder pipe lines.

Bridges will be proposed for crossing the feeder pipe line over river/nallas,
Detailed designs of these bridge crossings for feeder pipe lines will be done
at the time of construction.
6.5.2.1.1 Layout and Foundation
Detailed laboratory tests for finding the suitability of soils for

foundations of cross drainage works have not been carried out. However,
based on the soil samples collected it is inferred that hard rock can be met
with at reasonable depths below the stream bed levels. This is required to be
confirmed at pre construction stage.
399
6.5.2.1.2 Cross Drainage
The type of cross drainage structure to be provided depends on the

physical features of the stream crossed such as position of bed level of
stream in relation to canal bed level. Canal syphons are proposed when
canal bed level is below the stream bed level but FSL is higher, thereby
necessitating canal water to be siphoned below the drainage.
(A) Aqueducts and Culverts
Aqueducts have been proposed along the link canal at the crossings of
major streams where the bed level of the link canal is above the highest
flood level of the drain. 37 aqueducts and 3 culverts are proposed in Par-
Tapi portion and 36 aqueducts and 13 culverts are proposed in Tapi-
Narmada portion. Actually small drainages were not delineated in the map
available in Par to Tapi Reach as such all the structures are termed as
aqueducts in this reach. Loss of head of 140 mm (52 mm in Tapi to
Narmada reach) is assumed at each aqueduct. Though head loss in aqueduct
mainly depend upon the length and fluming adopted, more the length and
fluming more is the head loss. Therefore in initial three reaches of Par to
Tapi link where the base width of canal are 5.5 m, 8.5 m and 15.0 m
respectively aqueducts is not flumed to preserve valuable head at the cost of
structure , but in the last reach where the canal width is 21.800 m fluming is
resorted to achieve economy in cost of structure.
Heights of piers vary from few meters to about 35 m depending upon

the depth of drainage bed from bottom of aqueduct. However considering
average conditions, RCC Piers of 1.5 m width with spread footing with
footing depth of min 2.5 m and average height of 10 m were assumed in
analysis. Since aqueduct portion were not flumed, length of piers with
assumed width were sufficient enough to keep foundation pressures quite
low. General layout of Aqueducts and culverts in Par-Tapi and Tapi-
Narmada reaches is shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-2651 and 2652
(Plate Nos.6.386 and 6.387) in Volume-VIII (C) and Typical details of
Aqueducts are shown in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-P-2667 to 2670 (Plate
No.6.402 to 6.405) in Volume-VIII (C).
400
(B) Cross Regulators
Cross regulators are provided at regular intervals in order to ensure

effective water regulation. There are 3 cross regulators in Par-Tapi portion
and 8 cross regulators in Tapi-Narmada portion proposed along the link
canal. The loss of head of 150 mm is considered at each regulator. Typical
Cross regulator cum head regulator for Tapi to Narmada reach where
discharge varies with change of depth was done and indicated in the
drawing. The general layout and typical details of Cross regulators are
shown in Drawing No.PTNL-5900-P-2654 and 2676 (Plate Nos.6.389 and
6.411) in Volume-VIII (C).
(C) Head Regulators
There are 23 head regulators proposed on main and feeder canals of

Par-Tapi portion and 23 head regulators proposed in Tapi-Narmada portion.
A typical design of head regulator has been carried out at RD 164.37 km in
Par-Tapi portion. The typical details of Head Regulator are shown in
Drawing No.PTNL-5900-P-2677 (Plate Nos.6.412 in Volume-VIII (C)).
(D) Syphon Aqueducts
Two Syphon aqueducts are proposed in Par-Tapi portion and 30

syphon aqueducts are proposed in Tapi-Narmada portion of link canal.
Particulars of Syphon Aqueducts of Par-Tapi and Tapi-Narmada portion are
given in Drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2655 and 2656. Typical details of
Syphon Aqueduct are shown in drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2672 (Plate
No.6.407) in Volume-VIII (C).
(E) Super Passages
There is one Super Passage proposed in Par-Tapi portion and 75 on

Tapi to Narmada reach. Seven Super Passages are proposed on Feeder
Canals. General layout of Super Passages is shown in Drawing No. PTNL-
5900-P-2653 (Plate No.6.388) in Volume-VIII (C). Typical details are
shown in Drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2671 (Plate No.6.406) in Volume-
VIII (C).
401
(F) Canal Syphons
There are three Canal Syphons proposed in Par-Tapi portion and 24

on Tapi to Narmada reach. Design of canal Syphon requires calculation of
head loss when canal is passed below the natural drainage and proportioning
of length, breadth, height and thickness of walls of barrels. Slopes of inlet
and outlet portion of Syphon are proposed as 1 in 5 (V:H). General layout of
Canal Syphons is shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-2655 and 2656
(Plate No.6.390 and 6.391) in Volume-VIII (C). Typical details are shown in
Drawing No. PTNL-5900-P-2673 (Plate No.6.408) in Volume-VIII (C).
(G) Escapes
Escapes are usually to be provided at the U/S of Aqueducts or at the

U/S of HR/CR junction. A typical section of the escape is given at Drawing
No.PTNL-5900-P-2677 (Plate Nos.6.412) in Volume-VIII (C).
(H) Bridges and Culverts
Thirty nine SLRB, 14 DLRB and two Railway Bridge, overall 55

bridges are proposed along the length of the canal in Par to Tapi Reach. 93
SLRB, 6 DLRB and 5 Railway Bridge, overall 104 bridges are proposed
along the length of the canal in Tapi to Narmada Reach. Loss of head of
0.03 m is considered at each bridge mainly due to pier because the canal is
not flumed at bridge sites to preserve head available. Typical designs and
drawings published by IRC for T-beam RCC bridges having spans larger
than 10.5 m have been adopted. Foundations of pier shall be at depths equal
to greater than scour depth as per strata available. General layout of Road
Bridges and Railway Bridges shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-2657
and 2658 (Plate Nos.6.392 and 6.393) in Volume-VIII (C). Typical details of
Bridges are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-P-2659 to 2666 (Plate
No.6.394) to 6.401 in Volume-VIII (C).
(I) Falls
Due to deficiency of available head there is no provision of canal fall

in the main canal, however canal falls are provided at the junctions of feeder
402
canal and main canal as Residual head was available in all the feeder canals
after finalizing the longitudinal slope of these canals.
6.5.3 Study of Integrated Network of Canal System and its

Operation
The canal system will be operated in an integrated network along

with the proposed reservoirs for optimum utilization of available waters.
The simulation studies carried out with integrated network of canals and
reservoirs are furnished in Appendix-3.5 of Volume-IV: Appendices –
Hydrology and Water Assessment.
6.5.4 Description of Soil Profile along the Canal Alignment
No soil samples could be collected along the Link Canal alignment

by digging Pits or drilling Auger holes due to public hindrance in the project
area. Necessary Pits/Auger holes shall be dug at pre-construction stage.
6.5.5 Broad Outline of Canal Automation and Branch Canals upto 8

Cumec
The canal automation technology adopted for Sardar Sarovar Project

canal system shall be adopted for the Link Canal system also.
6.6 Power Houses
Five dam toe power houses and one canal power house have been
planned in Par –Tapi- Narmada link project as mentioned below.
Sl.No. Name of Power House Installed capacity

1. Paikhed Dam Toe Power House 3 x 3000 KW
2. Chasmandva Dam Toe Power House 2 x 1000 KW
3. Chikkar Dam Toe Power House 2 x 1000 KW
4. Dabdar Dam Toe Power House 2 x 1600 KW
5. Kelwan Dam Toe Power House 2 x 1250 KW
6. Kelwan feeder Pipe line Power 2 x 1000 KW
House
Total 207300 KW
403
Say 21 MW
The design of hydel civil components (six power houses) are based on
limited/ preliminary data available in the form of topographical maps,
geological investigation, power potential studies, electro-mechanical drawings
and feasibility reports. Detailed investigations could not be carried out due to
public hindrance at the project sites. Layout of the power houses designs needs
to be confirmed after carrying out detailed investigations and topographical
survey.
6.6.1 Surface Power House at Paikhed Dam
A surface Power house of size 45.32m (L) x 16.43m (W) x 93.0m (H) has
been provided to house three numbers of horizontal Frances turbines of
3000KW each. The centre line of the machine has been kept at elevation
EL.164.40m. The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams designed to
carry the loads due to various electro-mechanical equipment.
The location of surface power house has been selected by studying the
limited contour details available as no site visit could be made to ascertain the
suitability of the strata. Hence the Power House location shall be confirmed
after site inspection and in consultation with geologist.
The Power House plan at EL. 167.92 m and Cross Section are shown
in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-2010 and 2011 (Plate Nos. 6.165 and
6.166) in Volume VIII (B).
Salient features of the project are shown below:
Sl.no Project details Particular

1 MWL EL. 249.00 m
2 FRL EL. 248.00m
3 MDDL EL. 190.00m
404
4 Design Head 56.53 m
5 Design Discharge 7.40 m3/sec
6 Penstock (steel) 2.5m dia ( one number)
7 Branch penstock after 1.6m dia, (3 numbers)
bifurcation (steel)
8 Installed capacity 3x3000 KW
9 No of units 3
10 Type of power house Dam toe surface power house
11 Size of power house 45.32m (L) x16.43m(W)x 19.0m
(H)
12 Type of turbine Horizontal Francis
13 Average tail water level EL. 172.00m
14 Minimum tail water level EL. 170.50m
A Dam toe Surface Power House is planned on the right flank of

Paikhed dam across Nar river. The intake structure is provided adjacent to
the main spillway also termed as “Power Block”. The power block monolith
accommodates an intake structure and a steel penstock (main) of 2.5m dia
laid within the body of the spillway. The penstock emanates horizontally
from the intake structure and inclined to attain centre line elevation of
EL.164.40 of turbines installed in the power house. The general layout plan
of Power House, both alternative and final alignments and L-section of
water conductor system are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-2001,
2002 and 2003 (Plate Nos. 6.156, 6.157 and 6.158) in Volume VIII (B).
The main penstock of 2.5m diameter trifurcates thrice near the power
house into three units penstocks of 1.6m diameter each to lead the water to
three generating units house in surface power house. The water from the
draft tube is lead back to river through an open tail race channel. Three draft
tubes with separate gates have been provided
The power potential study has been carried out by THDC India Ltd.
The rated discharge through each unit of the power house is 7.4 cumec. The
design head is 56.53m. The installed capacity proposed for this power house
is 9000 KW comprising of 3units each of 3000 KW with 20% COL. The
turbine is of horizontal Francis turbine.
The main components of the scheme comprise of:
i) Intake Structure
ii) Pressure shaft / Penstock
405
iii) Surface Power House
iv) Tail Race Channel
6.6.1.1 Intake Structure
The intake structure is designed to ensure smooth entry of water from

the reservoir into the water conductor system. The required minimum
submergence from MDDL has been checked as per IS-9761: 1995. The
centre line of intake has been kept at EL 186.25 to avoid formation of
vortices and the entry of air into the water conductor system. For
minimizing the losses, the profile of the intake roof and sides have been
streamlined and bell mouth entry has been provided. The plan and section of
Intake and Trash rack details (metal work) are shown in Drawing Nos.
PTNL-5900-DPR-2004 and 2005 (Plate Nos. 6.159 and 6.160) in Volume
VIII (B).
6.6.1.2 Pressure Shaft /Penstock
After the bell mouth intake and gate structure, a transition has been
provided from rectangular [1.8m (w) x 2.5m(l)] to circular (2.5m dia). The
steel penstock of 2.5m dia, starting from the point, has been embedded in
the dam body for about 25 m and beyond this, steel lined pressure shaft of
2.5 m dia has been provided upto the power house. Pressure shaft is
provided with 300 mm thick PCC (M25) grade backfill concrete with steel
liner. The lining has been designed to resist full external and internal water
pressure including water hammer. The pressure tunnel is proposed to be
excavated by conventional drill and blast method (DBM) and the design of
rock support system is carried out using Barton’s Q method.
The rock mass classification according to Bartons ‘Q’ is shown

below.
Q value Classification
100-40 Very Good
40-10 Good
10-4 Fair
4-1 Poor
1-0.1 Very Poor
406
The penstock (2.5m dia) is trifurcated twice near the power house into
three branch penstocks (1.6 m dia) for feeding water to three turbines. The
steel for penstock is IS-2002(grade 3) and the thickness of steel is 16mm for
2.5mdia and 14mm for 1.6m dia. Typical excavation and rock support
details, Typical concrete lining and grouting details, Penstock steel lining
details and Penstock steel lining ferrule details are shown in Drawing Nos.
PTNL-5900-DPR-2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 (Plate Nos. 6.161, 6.162,
6.163 and 6.164) in Volume VIII (B) respectively.
6.6.1.3 Tail Race Pool / Tail Race Channel
The water is led back into Nar River through an open tail race
channel provided after the tail race pool (RCC) of 26.0 m wide. The bottom
slope of the tail race pool has been provided with a gradient of 1(V): 4.0(H)
sloping upwards up to its meting point of the tail race pool /river, as the tail
race channel needs to be suitably provided to join the river based on the
actual site conditions.
6.6.1.4 Power Intake Service and Emergency Gate
m high shall be provided at the downstream of the Intake having bell mouth
shape with elliptical profile. The sill of the gate is located at EL 185.0 m.
The gate is to be designed for a head corresponding to FRL 248.0 m and
operated under unbalanced head condition. The gate shall have downstream
skin plate and downstream sealing. The gate shall be operated by means of
double acting hydraulic hoist of 50 t (tentative) capacity. Power pack of
hydraulic hoist shall be located at the top of pier at EL 255.0 m. General
installation of Power Intake service gate is shown in Drawing No.PTNL-
5900-PKPH-1501 (Plate Nos. 6.167 in Volume VIII (B)).
Salient features of Power Intake Service Gate are at Annexure – 6.36

in Annexure Volume-II.
407
For maintenance of power intake service gate, a fixed wheel type
emergency gate of 1.8 m wide x 2.5 m wide is proposed. This gate shall be
operated under balanced head condition created by crack opening. The gate
shall be capable of lowering in flowing water condition in case of any
emergency. The gate shall be operated by means of double acting hydraulic
hoist of adequate capacity.
Salient features of Power Intake Emergency Gate are at Annexure –

6.6.1.5 Draft Tube Gates
Slide type gates (three nos.) have been envisaged at the draft tube
structure on the tailrace side. The clear opening is 4.02 m wide x 2.30 m
high. The gates shall be designed for a head corresponding to average tail
water level of 172.0 m and checked for water level corresponding to
maximum flood level 174.0 m (sill EL 159.40 m).
The gate shall be lifted under balanced head conditions created by

filling valve. The gate shall be operated by means of independent rope
drum hoist of 15 t capacity (tentative) mounted on trestle at deck level of EL
167.80 m. General installation of Draft Tube Gate is shown in Drawing
No.PTNL-5900-PKPH-1502 (Plate Nos. 6.168) in Volume VIII (B).
Salient features of Draft Tube Gate are at Annexure – 6.38 in

Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.2 Surface Power House at Chasmandva Dam
A surface Power house of size 32.70m (L) x 13.90m (W) x 19.6m (H)
has been provided to house two numbers of horizontal Francis turbines of
EL.171.02m. The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams designed
to bear the loads coming from various electro-mechanical equipment.
408
The location of Surface Power House has been selected by studying
the limited contour details available as no site visit could be made to
ascertain the suitability of the strata. Hence the Power House location shall
be confirmed after site inspection and in consultation with geologist. The
Power House plan at EL. 175.12 m, Cross Section and Longitudinal Section
are shown in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-3009, 3010 and 3011 (Plate
Nos. 6.177, 6.178 and 6.179) in Volume VIII (B).
Salient features of the Power House are tabulated below:
Sl.no Project details Particulars

1 MWL EL. 215.00 m
2 FRL EL. 214.00m
3 MDDL EL. 190.00m
4 Design Head 32.78m
5 Design discharge 3.64 m³/sec/unit
6 Penstock 1.8m, circular, one number
7 Branch penstock 1.2m, circular , 2 nos
8 Type of liner Steel lined, IS 2002( grade 3 )
9 Installed capacity 2x1000KW
10 No of units 2 units
12 Size of power house 32.70m (L)x13.90m (W)x 19.60m(H)
15 Minimum tail water level EL. 171.52m
A Dam toe Surface Power House is planned on the right bank of Tan
River. The intake structure is provided adjacent to the main spillway also
termed as “Power Block”. The power block monolith accommodates an
intake structure and a steel penstock (main) of 1.8m dia laid within the body
of the spillway. The penstock emanates horizontally from the intake
structure and after two vertical bends it reaches EL.169.93m to meet the
turbine center line of EL.171.02m. The main penstock of 1.8m diameter
bifurcates near the power house into two unit penstocks of 1.2m diameter
each to lead the water to two generating units in surface power house. The
water from the draft tube is lead back to river through an open tail race
channel. Two draft tubes with separate gates have been provided. The
general layout plan of Power House, both alternative and final alignments,
409
layout plan of water conductor system are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-
5900-DPR-3001, 3002 and 3003 (Plate Nos. 6.169, 6.170 and 6.171) in
Volume VIII (B).
The rated discharge through each unit of the power house is 3.64 m³ /sec.
The design head is 32.78 m. The installed capacity for this power house is
2000 KW comprising of 2 units each of 1000 KW of horizontal Francis
turbine.
The main components of the schemes comprise of:
i) Intake Structure
ii) Penstock

centre line of intake has been kept at EL 186.40m to avoid formation of
streamlined and bell mouth entry has been provided. After the gate a
transition from rectangular [(1.42m (w) x1.8m (h)] to circular (1.8m dia) has
been provided. The plan and section of Intake and Trash rack details (metal
work) are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-3004 and (Plate Nos.
6.172and 6.173) in Volume VIII (B).
6.6.2.2 Penstock
The steel penstock of 1.8 m dia has been provided in the dam body.
The penstock is bifurcated into two branch penstocks of 1.2m dia for
feeding water to individual turbines. The penstock is designed to withstand
maximum internal pressure including pressure rise due to water hammer.
410
The steel for penstock is IS-2002(grade 3) and the thickness of steel is
12mm. Trash rack details, Penstock steel lining details and Penstock steel
lining ferrule details are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-3006,
3007 and 3008 (Plate Nos. 6.174, 6.175 and 6.176) in Volume VIII (B)
respectively.
6.6.2.3 Tail Race Pool / Channel
The water is led back into the Tan River through an open tail race
channel (5m wide) excavated along its alignment. The bottom slope of the
tail race pool has been provided with a gradient of 1(V): 4.5(H) sloping
upwards upto its meeting point of tail race channel.
Fixed wheel type gate (one no.) for opening size of 1.42 m wide x 1.8
double acting hydraulic hoist of 25 t (Tentative) capacity. Power pack of
5900-CHPH-1501 (Plate Nos. 6.180 in Volume VIII (B)).


emergency.

411
Slide type gates (two nos.) have been envisaged at the draft tube
water level of 173.02 m (sill EL166.51 m) and checked for water level
corresponding to maximum flood level 175.12 m.

drum hoist of 15t capacity (Tentative) mounted on trestle at deck level of EL
No.PTNL-5900-CHPH-1502 (Plate Nos. 6.181) in Volume VIII (B).

Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.3 Surface Power House at Chikkar Dam
A surface power house of size 32.70m (L) x 13.90m (W) x 17.62m

(H) has been provided to house two numbers of horizontal Frances turbines
of 1000KW each. The centre line of the machine has been kept at EL.
168.80m.The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams designed to
carry the loads coming from various electro-mechanical equipment. The
Power House plan at EL. 167.92 m, Longitudinal Section and Cross Section
The location of surface power house has been selected by studying

ascertain the suitability of the strata. Hence the power house location shall
be confirmed after site inspection and in consultation with geologist.

1 MWL EL. 212.00 m
2 FRL EL. 210.00m
412
3 MDDL EL. 179.00m
5 Design discharge 4.97m³/sec
7 Branch penstock 1.2m, circular , 2 nos
8 Type of liner Steel lined, IS 2002 ( grade 3)
10 No of units 2
12 Size of power house 32.70m (L)x13.90m (W)x
17.62m (H)
15 Minimum tail water level EL. 170.00
A Dam toe Surface Power House is planned on the right bank of

Ambica River downstream of Chikkar Dam. The intake structure is
provided adjacent to the main spillway also termed as “Power Block”. The
power block monolith accommodates an intake structure and a steel
penstock (main) of 1.8 m dia laid within the body of the dam. The penstock
emanates horizontally from the intake structure with c/l EL. 175.4 m and
after vertical bends reaches EL. 167.71m. to meet the turbine c/l of
EL168.8m in the power house. The main penstock of 1.8m diameter
bifurcates near the power house into two branch penstocks of 1.2m diameter
each to lead the water to two turbines. The water from the power house will
be lead in to Chikkar – Dabdar Inter-connecting canal. Two draft tubes with
separate gates have been provided. The general layout plan of Power House,
both alternative and final alignments, layout plan of water conductor system
are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-4001, 4002 and 4003 (Plate
Nos. 6.182, 6.183and 6.184) in Volume VIII (B).
The design head is 27.47m. The installed capacity proposed for this power
house is 1800 KW comprising 2 units 900 KW each. The turbine is
horizontal Francis type.
413
i) Intake Structure
ii) Penstock

submergence from MDDL has been checked as per IS-9761: 1995. 8.0 m
wide and 270 m long approach channel has been provided to carry the water
upto intake. The centre line of intake has been kept at EL 175.40m to avoid
formation of vortices and the entry of air into the water conductor system.
For minimizing the losses, the profile of the intake roof and sides have been
transition from rectangular [(1.42 m (w)x1.8m (h)] to circular (1.8m dia) has
work) are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-4004 and 4005 (Plate
Nos. 6.185 and 6.186) in Volume VIII (B).
6.6.3.2 Penstock
12mm. Penstock steel lining details and Penstock steel lining ferrule details
are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-4006 and 4007 (Plate Nos.
6.187 and6.188) in Volume VIII (B) respectively.
6.6.3.3 Tail Race Pool /Channel
After power generation the water will be lead in to the Chikkar-

Dabdar inter-connecting canal through an open tail race channel (5.0 m
wide) excavated along its alignment. The bottom slope of the tail race pool
has been provided with an approximate gradient of 1(V): 4.0(H) sloping
upwards upto its meeting point of the tail race channel.
414
5900-CKPH-1501 (Plate Nos. 6.192) in Volume VIII (B).



6.6.3.5 Draft Tube Gate
water level of 171.50 m (sill EL 164.28 m).

415
No.PTNL-5900-CKPH-1502 (Plate Nos. 6.193 in Volume VIII (B)).

Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.4 Surface Power House at Dabdar Dam
A surface Power house of size 49.05m (L) x 20.85m (W) x 17.61m

(H) has been provided to house two numbers of horizontal Frances turbines
of 1600KW each. The centre line of the machine has been kept at
EL.136.70m. The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams designed
to carry the loads coming from various electro-mechanical equipment.
The location of Surface Power House has been selected by studying

the limited contour details provided by NWDA as no site visit has been
made to ascertain the suitability of the strata. Hence the power house
location shall be confirmed after site inspection and in consultation with
geologist. The Power House plan, Cross Section and Longitudinal Section
Sl.no Project Details Particulars

1 MWL EL.170.00 m
2 FRL EL.169.00m
3 MDDL EL.139.00m
7 Branch penstock after 1.6m, circular , 2 nos
bifurcation
8 Type of liner Steel lined, IS 2002 ( latest )Class 3
10 No of units 2
12 Size of power house 49.05m (L)x20.85m (W)x 17.61m (H)
416
14 Normal tail water level EL.136.96m
15 Minimum tail water level EL.134.00m
A dam toe Surface Power House is planned on the right bank of

Khapri River downstream of Dabdar Dam. The intake structure is provided
adjacent to the main spillway also termed as “Power Block”. The power
block monolith accommodates an intake structure and a steel lined penstock
(main) of 2.5m dia laid within the body of the dam spillway. The penstock
emanates horizontally from the intake structure with centre line EL.
135.62m in the power house. The turbine c/l is at EL. 136.70m. The main
steel lined penstock of 2.5m diameter bifurcates near the power house into
two branch penstocks of 1.6m diameter each to lead the water to two
turbines. The water from the draft tube is lead back to river through an open
tail race channel 5.0m wide. Two draft tubes with separate gates have been
provided. The general layout plan of Power House and L-Section of water
conductor system are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-5001 and
5002 (Plate Nos. 6.194 and 6.195) in Volume VIII (B).
The design head is 27.47m. The installed capacity proposed for this power
house is 3200 KW comprising of 2units each of 1600 KW. The turbine is of
horizontal Francis type.
i) Intake Structure
ii) Penstock

centre line of intake has been kept at EL 135.62m to avoid formation of
417
transition from rectangular [(2.0m (w)x2.5m (h)] to circular ( 2.5m dia) has
work) are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-5003 and 5004 (Plate
6.6.4.2 Penstock
14mm (for 2.5 m dia.) and 12mm (for 1.6 m dia.). Penstock steel lining
VIII (B) respectively.
6 .6.4.3 Tail Race Pool / Channel
The water will be lead in to Dabdar Feeder canal to join the Link
Canal through an open tail race channel 5.0m wide excavated along its
alignment. The bottom slope of the tail race pool has been provided with an
approximate gradient of 1(V): 4.0(H) sloping upwards up to its meeting
point with the Feeder.
double acting hydraulic hoist of 30t (Tentative) capacity. Power pack of
418
5900-DBPH-1501 (Plate Nos. 6.203) in Volume VIII (B).



water level of EL 136.96 m (sill EL 132.19 m).

No.PTNL-5900-DBPH-1502 (Plate Nos. 6.204 in Volume VIII (B)). Salient
features of Draft Tube Gate are at Annexure – 6.47 in Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.5 Surface Power House at Kelwan Dam
A Surface Power house of size 32.70m (L) x 13.88m(W) x 18.62m(H)

has been provided to house two numbers of horizontal Frances turbines of
1250KW each. The centre line of the machine has been kept at EL.
135.70m.The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams designed to
carry the loads coming from various electro-mechanical equipment. The
Power House plan, Cross Section and Longitudinal Section are shown in
419
Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-6007, 6008 and 6009 (Plate Nos. 6.211,
6.212 and 6.213) in Volume VIII (B).


1 MWL EL.166.00 m
2 FRL EL.164.00m
3 MDDL EL.136.00m
4 MDDL for power generation EL.141.00m
4 Design Head 22.16 m
5 Design discharge 7.72 m³/sec
7 Branch penstock after 1.6m, circular , 2 nos
bifurcation
8 Type of liner Steel lined, IS 2002 ( latest )Class 3
10 No of units 2
12 Size of power house 32.70m (L)x13.88m (W)x 18.62m
(H)
14 Normal tail water level EL.135.46m
15 Minimum tail water level EL.134.00m
A Dam toe Surface Power House is planned on the left bank of Purna
River downstream of Kelwan Dam. The intake structure is provided
adjacent to the main spillway also termed as “Power Block”. The power
block monolith accommodates an intake structure and a steel penstock
(main) of 2.5 m dia laid within the body of the dam spillway. The penstock
emanates horizontally from the intake structure with centre line elevation of
EL.134.62 m. The centre line of machine is EL. 135.70 m. The main
penstock of 2.5 m diameter bifurcates near the power house into two branch
420
penstocks of 1.6 m diameter each to lead the water to two turbines. The
water from the draft tube is lead back in to Kelwan Feeder Canal through an
open tail race channel (5m wide). Two draft tubes with separate gates have
been provided. The general layout plan of Power House and L-Section of
water conductor system are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-6001
and 6002 (Plate Nos. 6.205 and 6.206) in Volume VIII (B).
2500 KW comprising of 2 units of 1250 KW each. The turbine is horizontal
Francis type.
i) Intake Structure
ii) Penstock

centre line of intake has been kept at EL 134.62 m to avoid formation of
streamlined and bell mouth entry has been provided. After the gate, a
transition from rectangular [(1.8m (w)x2.5m (h)] to circular ( 2.5m dia) has
been provided. The Intake details and Trash rack details (metal work) are
shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-6003 and 6004 (Plate Nos. 6.207
and 6.208) in Volume VIII (B).
6.6.5.2 Penstock
The penstock is bifurcated into two branch penstocks of 1.6 m dia for
421
14mm (for 2.5 m dia.) and 12mm (for 1.6 m dia.). Penstock steel lining
VIII (B) respectively.
6.6.5.3 Tail Race Pool / Channel
After power generation the water is led back into the feeder canal
through an open tail race channel 5.0 m wide excavated along its alignment.
The bottom slope of the tail race pool has been provided with an
approximate gradient of 1(V): 4.0(H) sloping upwards upto its meeting
point of the feeder canal.
5900-KEPH-1501 (Plate Nos. 6.214) in Volume VIII (B).


422
hoist of adequate capacity. The salient features of Power Intake Emergency
Gate are at Annexure – 6.49 in Annexure Volume-II.

drum hoist of 12t (Tentative) capacity mounted on trestle at deck level of EL
No.PTNL-5900-KEPH-1502 (Plate Nos. 6.215 in Volume VIII (B)). Salient
features of Draft Tube Gate are at Annexure – 6.50 in Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.6 Surface Power House of Kelwan Feeder Pipe line
A Surface Power House of size 19.00 m (L) x 14.75m (W) x 19.0 m

(H) has been provided to house two numbers of vertical Kaplan turbines of
EL.115.399 m. The structure comprises of RCC columns and beams
designed to carry the loads coming from various electro-mechanical
equipment. A steel roof truss has been provided at top of the power house.
The Power House plan at EL. 118.180 m, Cross Section and Power House
Roof Truss details are shown in Drawing Nos.PTNL-5900-DPR-7007, 7008
and 7009 (Plate Nos. 6.222, 6.223 and 6.224) in Volume VIII (B).


Sl.no. Project Details Particulars
1 Top of canal EL.134.69m
2 FSL in canal EL.133.94m
423
6 Branch penstock after bifurcation 1.6m, circular , 2 nos
7 Type of liner Steel lined, IS 2002 ( grade 3 )
10 No of units 2 units
11 Type of power house Canal power house
12 Size of power house 19.00m (L)x14.70m (W) x16.5m (H)
13 Type of turbine Vertical Kaplan turbine
14 Normal tail water level El.117.77m
15 Minimum tail water level El.116.57m
A canal Power House is planned in the feeder canal. The intake

structure is provided in the feeder canal after transition from 3.5 m wide
main canal to 13.5 m wide fore-bay. The penstock emanates horizontally
from the intake structure with C/L EL. 129.05 m and after the vertical bends
reaches EL.115.399 m of the turbine. The main penstock of 2.5 m diameter
bifurcates near the power house into two branch penstocks of 1.6m diameter
each to feed the two turbines. Water from the draft tube is led back to the
canal after an open tail race pool. Two draft tubes with separate gates have
been provided. Bye- pass arrangement has also been provided to allow the
water discharge downstream during shutdown of the power house. The
general layout plan of Power House and L-Section of water conductor
system are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-7001 and 7002 (Plate
2000 KW comprising of 2 units each of 1000 KW of vertical Kaplan turbine
type.

i) Intake Structure
ii) Penstock
iv) Tail Race Pool
424
Necessary modification in the design and layout of proposed power
house on Kelwan feeder pipe line due to replacement of open feeder canal
by pipe line will be taken care at the construction stage.

the forebay into the water conductor system. The required minimum
submergence from FSL has been checked as per IS-9761: 1995. The centre
line of intake has been kept at EL 129.05m to avoid formation of vortices
and the entry of air into the water conductor system. For minimizing the
losses, the profile of the intake roof and sides have been streamlined and
bell mouth entry has been provided. After the gate a transition from
rectangular [(2.0 m (w)x2.5 m (h)] to circular (2.5 m dia) has been provided.
The Intake details and Trash rack details (metal work) are shown in
Drawing Nos. PTNL-5900-DPR-7003 and 7004 (Plate Nos. 6.218 and
6.6.6.2 Penstock
The penstock is bifurcated into two branch penstocks of 1.6 m dia for
The steel for penstock is IS-2002 (grade 3) and the thickness of steel is 14
mm (for 2. 5 dia.) and 12 mm (for 1.6 m dia.). Penstock steel lining details
and Penstock steel lining ferrule details are shown in Drawing Nos. PTNL-
5900-DPR-7005 and 7006 (Plate Nos. 6.220 and 6.221) in Volume VIII (B)
respectively.
6.6.6.3 Tail Race Pool
The water is led back to the feeder Pipe line after an open tail race
pool. The bottom slope of the tail race pool has been provided with an
approximate gradient of 1(V): 4.0(H) sloping upwards upto its meeting
point of the feeder canal.
425
6.6.6.4 Feeder Pipe line Power House Intake Service and Emergency
Gate
The gate is to be designed for a head corresponding to FSL 133.94 m and
rope drum hoist of adequate capacity. Provision of removable guide shall be
made in trestles, when not in use. The gate shall be stored at deck level EL
135.00 m supported by dogging beam. General installation of Power Intake
service gate is shown in Drawing No.PTNL-5900-KFCPH-1501 (Plate Nos.

emergency gate of 2.0 m wide x 2.5 m wide is proposed. The sill of the gate
is located at EL 127.80 m. The gate is to be designed for a head
corresponding to FSL 133.94 m. The gate shall have upstream skin plate and
upstream sealing. The gate shall be operated by means of rope drum hoist of
12t (Tentative) capacity. This gate shall be operated under balanced head
condition created by crack opening. The gate shall be capable of lowering in
flowing water condition in case of any emergency. General Installation of
Power Intake Emergency Gate is shown in Drawing No.PTNL-5900-
KFCPH-1502 (Plate No.6.225) in Volume-VIII(B). Salient features of
Feeder Pipe line Power Intake Emergency Gate are at Annexure – 6.52 in
Annexure Volume-II.
6.6.6.5 Feeder Pipe line Draft Tube Gates
426
drum hoist of 10t (Tentative) capacity mounted on trestle at deck level of EL
No.PTNL-5900-KFCPH-1503 (Plate Nos. 6.226) in Volume VIII (B).
Salient features of Feeder Pipe line Draft Tube Gate are at Annexure – 6.53
6.7 Instrumentation
The requirement of special instruments for the construction of dams,

tunnels and Power Houses are described in Chapter – 10 “Construction
Program, Manpower and Plant Planning”.
6.8 Other Studies
The studies required at DPR stage have been carried out and included
in the report. The other studies which are not covered in the DPR will be
carried out at preconstruction stage.
427

14 Chapter-6 Design Aspects

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14 Chapter-6 Design Aspects

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Chapter – 6

6.0 Engineering Assessment

As already discussed in the foregoing chapters, the main objective of

With a view to complete the Detailed Project Report of this project

Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project envisages construction of following

i) A 808.32 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

ii) A 1431.85 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

iii) A power house of 9 MW installed capacity at the toe of Paikhed dam

iv) A 2781.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

v) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the toe of Chasmandva

vi) A 1887.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

vii) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the toe of Chikkar dam

x) A 1330.00 m long composite embankment (concrete face rock fill)

xi) A power house of 2.5 MW installed capacity at the toe of Kelwan

xii) A power house of 2 MW installed capacity at the fall of feeder pipe

xiv) A 147.50 m long barrage in the downstream of Paikhed dam with

xv) A 128.00 m long barrage in the downstream of Chasmandva dam with

xxii) Cross Drainage / Cross Masonry works including Regulators,

Index Map of Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project is at Plate - 1.1 in Volume –

6.1.1 Geology, Seismicity and Foundation

Geological Investigations of the Jheri, Chasmandava, Chikkar,

The project area is occupied by Deccan Lava flows intruded by

Geophysical surveys were carried out by the officers of Geophysics

The geo-technical investigations carried out by the GSI are

1 Photo-geological 22 32 25 25 25 261 (including

i) Refraction 0.346 3.488 2.065 0.895 1.60 7.334

ii) Hammer 0.66 2.79 1.61 1.766 1.33 8.156

b) Resistivity 2.18 7.82 11.18 6.58 6.36 34.12

c) Magnetic 1.359 5.953 4.17 2.379 2.96 16.821

84 321 225 149 168 947

a) Large scale 0.56 1.98 2.1 1.3 1.788 7.628

aggregate length 125.53 54.86 137.14 317.53

The details on Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations and

The DPR stage Geotechnical Investigations could not be initiated at

A site specific Seismic study of the project area has been

Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen Concrete Earthen

Jheri 36.5 76.0 0.089 0.882 0.090 0.017 0.085 0.012

Paikhed 90.0 5.4 0.221 0.666 0.086 0.024 0.078 0.017

Chasmandva 35.4 51.0 0.086 0.592 0.088 0.028 0.083 0.020

Chikkar 29.9 60.0 0.073 0.696 0.082 0.023 0.076 0.016

Dabdar 62.4 51.4 0.151 0.596 0.097 0.028 0.091 0.019

Kelwan 62.4 50.1 0.151 0.581 0.097 0.029 0.091 0.020

6.1.1.3 Foundation Treatment

The abutments downstream of the plinth and upstream of the dam

Plinth of the CFRD

The plinth of the CFRD is a significant part of dam construction. The

As the adequate information about the foundation in respect of all the

In the present DPR, the provisions of curtain grouting and

The requirement and final details about curtain/consolidation grouting

Concrete Non-overflow and Overflow Portion

Grouting shall be done under close guidance of Geologist and procedure

Consolidation grouting shall be done in 100 % of the base width in

The foundation treatment details are presented in Drawing Nos.

The dam sites have been selected by examining alternative locations

6.1.3 Choice of Final Layout of all Major Components of the Project

The Geological/ Geotechnical investigations were carried out at the

To divert the water into Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Canal from Paikhed

The locations of surface power houses have been selected by studying

The reservoirs formed by Jheri and Paikhed dams are proposed to be

The alignment of the proposed Par –Tapi-Narmada link canal and

6.1.4 Design Flood and Sediment Studies

The design flood and diversion flood studies of Jheri, Paikhed,

(cumec) 50 Year Return 100 Year Return

The details of design flood and diversion flood studies of dams