COLUMN DESIGN @ 3rd FLOOR Deadload = 109.

27 KN
E =94.47KN
COLUMN 1
II. Solving for Actual Load

PUACT =1.4 DL+1.7 ≪+1.87 E

PUACT =1.4 ( 109.27 ) +1.7 ( 22.85 ) +1.87 (94.4
PUACT =368.48 KN

III. Solving for e y , e x , e

I. LOADINGS:
A. LIVELOAD
s3=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN

B. DEAD LOAD
B−1=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.625 )( 0.315 )( 3.45 )
B−1=15.99 KN

B−8=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.570 ) ( 0.285 ) ( 2.76 )

B−8=10.56 KN

W S 3=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.115 )( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )

W S 3=25.78 KN
e y ( P Dl ) =e PB−1 ( p B−1 ) +e PB −1 ( PWS 3 ) +e PB −1 ¿
s3 ceiling =0.25 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )
s3 ceiling =2.38 KN
e y (109.27 )= ( 3.452 )( 15.99 ) +( 3.452 )( 25.78 )
3.45 3.45 3.45
+( ) ( 2.38 )+ ( ) ( 7.14 ) +(
2 )
(24.29)
s3 floor finish=0.75 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 ) 2 2
s3 floor finish=7.14 KN e y =1.19 m

s3 walling (B−8) =2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 2.76 ) e X ( P Dl )=e PB −8 ( p B−8 ) +e PB−8 ( PWS 3 ) +e PB −8(Ps 3 CEILING
s3 walling=19.43 KN
e y (109.27 )= ( 2.762 )( 10.56 )+( 2.762 ) ( 25.78 )
s3 walling (B−1)=2.2 ( 3.2 ) (3.45 ) 2.76 2.76 2.76
+(
2 )
(2.38)+(
2 )
( 7.14 )+ (
2 )
( 19.43 )
s3 walling=24.29 KN
e x =.82 m

C 14 thfloor =2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( π4 )(0. 250 )( 3.2)

2
e= √ e x 2 +e y 2
C 14 thfloor =3.70 KN e= √( 1.19)2 +( 0.82)2
e=1.45 mm
C. TOTAL LOADING
IV. Solving for Cross - Sectional Area
Liveload = 22.85 KN
 Assume value ∅=0.75 , ρ g=0.03 . M1 176.66
34−12 ( ) (
M2
=34−12
710.96
=31 )
P UACT
A g= Lu M1
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [ f c ' ( 0.85 ) ( 1−ρg ) + fy ρ g ¿ ] r
>34−12 ( )
M2
368.48(1000)
A g=
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [30 ( 0.85 )( 1−0.03 )+(414 x 0.03)] ∴ thecolumn is long,
A g=15556.66 mm 2
consider the effect of slenderness ratio
τD 2
A g= VIII. Solving for Critical Load by Euler’s Buckling
4
Load
4 (15556.66)
D=
√ π
=¿ 140.74 mm ¿
Pc =
π 2 EI
2
But minimum diameter of spiral according to ( kLu)
the code is 250 mm ∅ k Lu=( 1 x 3.2 ) =3.2m ≈ 3200 mm
Ec I g
EI =
Try D=250 mm ∅ 2.5(1+ βd)
2

Factored Axial Dead Load

V. Determine Steel Requirement βd=
Total factored Axial Load
Use 16 mm ∅ 1.4(109.27)
βd= =.42
368.48
A S ρg A g
N= = Ec =4700 √ f c '
A b π D2 ¿ 4700 √ 30=25742.96
4 π d 4 π (250)
4
I g= = =191747598.5

N=
AS
=
( 0.03 ) ( π4 )(250 ) =7.32 ≈ 8 pcs
2

EI =
64 64
( 25742.96 ) (191747598.5)
Ab π (16)2 ( 1+ 0.422) (2.5)
4 EI =1.68 ×1 012 N ∙ mm2
VI. Determine Allowable Eccentricity π 2 (1.68× 1012)
e all =15+0.03 D Pc =
(3200)2
e all =15+0.03 ( 250 )=22.5 mm Pc =1623.26 KN
e all < e ∴ eccentrically loaded column Pc > Pu ∴ ok !

VII. Determine the Effect of Slenderness Ratio IX. Solving for Steel Ratio

D m =170−2 ( 10 )−16=134 mm
A. Solve for Factored Moment
M 1=1.87 E=1.87 ¿94.47) πDm=134 π
M 1=176.66 KN . m
134 π−8 (10 )
S= =42.62
M 2=Pu e+ M 1 8
M 2=368.48 ( 1.45 ) +176.66 Clear distance between longitudinal bars
M 2=710.96 KN . m allowed by Code

B. Slenderness Ratio Smin =1.5 diameter

¯
Lu 3.2 3.2
= = =51.2 Smin =1.5 ( 16 )=24
r 0.25 D 0.25 ( 0.25 )
∴ S act =24 mm and same spacing of longitudinal bars and
spirals.
X. Solving for Allowable Eccentricity, ρu

π
( 16 )2 (8)
AS 4
ρact = = =0.032
Ag π 2
( 250 )
4

e 1760
= =7.04
D 250

Where k = 1

3 2
f c ' D ( 30 x 10 ) ( 0.25 )
PUALL = =
k 1
PUALL =1875 KN

PUALL > P UACT

XI. Comparison of Spacing of Spiral using

10 mm ∅ bars

S = 75mm
1
S= ( Dm )
6
1
S= ¿ 170) = 28.33mm
6

The code states that the minimum spacing of

spiral is not less than 35mm

∴ use s=35 mm

XII. Summary:
“Use 250 mm ∅ column with 8−¿
16 mm ∅ longitudinal bar and
10 mm ∅ bars with spacing of
35 mm 0. C ”

Note: The column detail of C1 of the 3rd

floor is the same to the C1 of 4th floor
because they have the same cross section
 COLUMN DESIGN @ 3rd FLOOR s3∧! floor finish =7.14 KN

COLUMN 2 s3∧1 walling (B−9)=2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 2.76 )

s3∧1 walling=19.43 KN

s3∧1 walling (B−1)=2.2 ( 3.2 )( 3.45 )

s3∧1 walling=24.29 KN

C 2 4 thfloor =2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( π4 )(0. 250 )( 3.2)

2

C 2 4 thfloor =3.70 KN

C. TOTAL LOADING

Liveload = 45.70 KN
Deadload = 192.29KN
I. LOADINGS: E =188.95 KN
A. LIVELOAD
s1=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN II. Solving for Actual Load
s3=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN
PUACT =1.4 DL+1.7 ≪+1.87 E
B. DEAD LOAD PUACT =1.4(192.29)+1.7(45.70)+1.87(188
B−1=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.625 )( 0.315 )( 3.45 ) PUACT =700.23 KN
B−1=15.99 KN
III. Solving for e y , e x , e
B−9=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.615 ) ( 0.310 ) ( 2.76 )
B−9=12.39 KN

W S 3=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.115 )( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )

W S 3=25.78 KN

W S 1=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.140 ) ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )

W S 1=31.39 KN

s3∧1 ceiling=0.25 (3.45 )( 2.76 )

s3∧1 ceiling=2.38 KN

s3∧1 floor finish=0.75 ( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )

 e y =0
A
N= S =
( 0.03 ) ( π4 )(250 ) =7.32 ≈ 8 pc
2

Ab π (16)2
4
e X ( P Dl )=e PB −9 ( p B−9 ) +e PB−9 ( PWS 3 ) + e PB−9 ( Ps3 CEILING )+e PB−9 (Ps3 FLOOR FINISH )+e PB −9(Ps 3 WALLING ( B−9) )+e PB
VI. Determine Allowable Eccentricity
e all =15+0.03 D
e y (192.29 )= ( 2.762 )( 12.39 ) +( 2.762 ) ( 25.78 ) e all =15+0.03 ( 250 )=22.5 mm
e all < e ∴ eccentrically loaded column
2.76 2.76
+( ) ( 2.38 )+ (
2 )
( 7.14 )
2
VII. Determine the Effect of Slenderness Ratio
2.76 2.76
+( ) ( 29.43 )+ (
2 )
( 31.39 )
2 A. Solve for Factored Moment
2.76 2.76 M 1=1.87 E=1.87 ¿188.95)
+( ) ( 2.38 )+ (
2 )
( 7.14 )
2 M 1=353.34 KN .m
e x =.85 m
M 2=Pu e+ M 1
2 2
e= √ e x +e y M 2=700.23 ( .85 ) +353.34
e= √(0)2 +(0.85)2 M 2=948.54 KN . m
e=0.85 mm
B. Slenderness Ratio
IV. Solving for Cross - Sectional Area Lu 3.2 3.2
= = =51.2
Assume value ∅=0.75 , ρ g=0.03 . r 0.25 D 0.25 ( 0.25 )
M1 353.34
A g= '
P UACT 34−12 ( ) (
M2
=34−12
948.54
=30 )
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [ f c ( 0.85 ) ( 1−ρg ) + fy ρ g ¿ ] Lu M1

A g=
700.23(1000) r
>34−12
M2( )
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [30 ( 0.85 )( 1−0.03 )+(414 x 0.03)]
A g=29562.64 mm 2 ∴ the column is long ,
τD 2 consider the effect of slenderness ratio
A g=
4
VIII. Solving for Critical Load by Euler’s Buckling
4 (29562.64)
D=
√ π
=¿ 194.01 mm¿ Load

π 2 EI
But minimum diameter of spiral according to Pc =
the code is 250 m m∅ ( kLu)2
k Lu=( 1 x 3.2 ) =3.2m ≈ 3200 mm
Try D=250 mm ∅ Ec I g
EI =
2.5(1+ βd)2
V. Determine Steel Requirement
Factored Axial Dead Load
Use 16 mm ∅ βd=
Total factored Axial Load
1.4(192.29)
A S ρg A g βd= =0.38
N= = 700.23
A b π D2 Ec =4700 √ f c '
4 ¿ 4700 √ 30=25742.96
 4
π d 4 π (250) S = 75mm
I g= = =191747598.5 1
64 64 S= ( Dm )
( 25742.96 ) (191747598.5) 6
EI = 1
( 1+ 0.382 ) (2.5) S= ¿ 170) = 28.33mm
EI =1.72× 1 012 N ∙m m 2 6
π 2 (1.72× 1012)
Pc =
(3200)2 The code states that the minimum spacing of
Pc =1657.98 KN spiral is not less than 35mm
Pc > Pu ∴ ok !

IX. Solving for Steel Ratio ∴ use s=35 mm

D m =175−2 ( 10 )−16=134 mm XII. Summary:

“Use 250 mm ∅ column with 8−¿
πDm=134 π
16 mm ∅ longitudinal bar and
134 π−8 (10 ) 10 mm ∅ bars with spacing of
S= =42.62 35 mm 0. C ”
8

Clear distance between longitudinal bars

allowed by Code
Note: The column detail of C2 of the 3rd
Smin =1.5 diameter
¯
floor is the same to the C2 of 4th floor
Smin =1.5 ( 16 )=24 because they have the same cross section
and same spacing of longitudinal bars and
∴ S act =24 mm spirals.

X. Solving for Allowable Eccentricity, ρu

π
( 16 )2 (8)
AS 4
ρact = = =0.032
Ag π 2
( 250 )
4

e 1030
= =4.12
D 250

Where k = 1

3 2
f c ' D ( 30 x 10 ) ( 0.25 )
PUALL = =
k 1
PUALL =1875 KN

PUALL > P UACT

XI. Comparison of Spacing of Spiral using

10 mm ∅ bars
 W S 3=25.78 KN

s3 ceiling =0.25 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )

s3 ceiling =2.38 KN

s3 floor finish=0.75 ( 3.45 )( 2,76 )

s3 floor finish=7.14 KN

s3 walling (B−8) =2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 2.76 )

s3 walling=19.43 KN

s3 walling (B−3)=2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 3.45 )

s3 walling=24 .29 KN

C 3 4 th floor=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( π4 )(0.250 ) (3.2 )

2

C 3 4 th floor=3.70 KN

C. TOTAL LOADING

COLUMN DESIGN @ 3rd FLOOR Liveload = 45.71 KN

Deadload = 173.19 KN
COLUMN 3 E =188.95 KN
II. Solving for Actual Load

PUACT =1.4 DL+1.7 ≪+1.87 E

PUACT =1.4 ( 173.19 ) +1.7 ( 45.71 ) +1.87 (188.9
PUACT =673.51 KN

III. Solving for e y , e x , e

I. LOADINGS:
A. LIVELOAD
s3=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN

B. DEAD LOAD
B−3=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.600 ) ( 0.300 ) (3.45 )
B−3=14.62 KN
e y ( P Dl ) =e PB−3 ( p B−3 ) + e PB−3 ( PWS 3 ) + e PB−3 ( Ps3 CEILING )+
B−8=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.570 ) ( 0.285 ) ( 2.76 )
B−8=10.56 KN
e y (173.19 )= ( 3.452 ) ( 14.62 )
W S 3=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.115 )( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )
 ( 3.452 )( 25.78 x 2)
+
XVI. Determine the Effect of Slenderness Ratio
3.45 3.45 3.45
+( ) ( 2.38 x 2 )+ ( ) ( 7.14 x 2 ) +(
2 )
( 24.29 ) C. Solve for Factored Moment
2 2
e y =1.09 m M 1=1.87 E=1.87 ¿188.95)
M 1=353.34 KN .m
e X =0
M 2=Pu e+ M 1
e= √ e x 2 +e y 2 M 2=673.51 ( 1.09 )+ 353.34
M 2=1087.47 KN . m
e= √( 1.09)2 +( 0)2
e=1.09 m m
D. Slenderness Ratio
Lu 3.2 3.2
XIII. Solving for Cross - Sectional Area = = =51.2
r 0.25 D 0.25 ( 0.25 )
Assume value ∅=0.75 , ρ g=0.03 .
M1 353.34
P UACT
34−12 ( )
M2
=34−12
1087.47 (
=30 )
A g=
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [ f c ' ( 0.85 ) ( 1−ρg ) + fy ρ g ¿ ]
Lu M1
A g=
673.51(1000)
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [30 ( 0.85 )( 1−0.03 )+(414 x 0.03)]
r
>34−12
M2 ( )
A g=28434.57 mm2
∴ thecolumn is long,
τD 2 consider the effect of slenderness ratio
A g=
4
4 (28434.57)
D=
√ π
=¿ 190.27 mm ¿ XVII. Solving for Critical Load by Euler’s Buckling
Load

But minimum diameter of spiral according to π 2 EI

the code is 250 mm ∅ Pc = 2
( kLu)
Try D=250 mm ∅
k Lu=( 1 x 3.2 ) =3.2m ≈ 3200 mm
XIV. Determine Steel Requirement
Ec I g
Use 16 mm ∅ EI = 2
2.5(1+ βd)
A S ρg A g
N= = Factored Axial Dead Load
A b π D2 βd=
Total factored Axial Load
4

N=
AS
=
( 0.03 ) ( π4 )(250 ) =7.32 ≈ 8 pcs
2
βd=
1.4(173.19)
673.51
=0.36
Ab π (16)2
4 Ec =4700 √ f c '
XV. Determine Allowable Eccentricity ¿ 4700 √ 30=25742.96
e all =15+0.03 D 4
π d 4 π (250)
e all =15+0.03 ( 250 )=22.5 mm I g= = =191747598.5
64 64
e all < e ∴ eccentrically loaded column
 ( 25742.96 ) (191747598.5) 1
EI = S= ( Dm )
( 1+0.36 2 ) (2.5) 6
EI =1.75 ×1 012 N ∙ mm 2 1
S= ¿ 170) = 28.33mm
6
π 2 (1.75× 1012)
Pc =
(3200)2 The code states that the minimum spacing of
Pc =1684.70 KN
spiral is not less than 35mm
Pc > Pu ∴ ok !

XVIII. Solving for Steel Ratio ∴ use s=35 mm

Dm =170−2 ( 10 )−16=134 mm
XXI. Summary:
πD m=134 π “Use 250 mm ∅ column with 8−¿
16 mm ∅ longitudinal bar and
134 π−8 (10 ) 10 mm ∅ bars with spacing of
S= =42.62
8 35 mm 0. C ”

Clear distance between longitudinal bars

allowed by Code
Note: The column detail of C3 of the 3rd
Smin =1.5 diameter
¯
floor is the same to the C3 of 4th floor
Smin =1.5 ( 16 )=24 because they have the same cross section
and same spacing of longitudinal bars and
∴ S act =24 mm spirals.

XIX. Solving for Allowable Eccentricity, ρu

π
( 16 )2 (8)
AS 4
ρact = = =0.032
Ag π
( 250 )2
4

e 1270
= =5.08
D 250

Where k = 1

3 2
f c ' D ( 30 x 10 ) ( 0.25 )
PUALL = =
k 1
PUALL =1875 KN

PUALL > P UACT

XX. Comparison of Spacing of Spiral using

10 mm ∅ bars

S = 75mm
 I. LOADINGS:
A. LIVELOAD
s1=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN
s2=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN
s3=2.4 ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )=22.85 KN

B. DEAD LOAD

B−3=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.600 ) ( 0.300 ) (3.45 )

B−3=14.62 KN

B−9=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.615 ) ( 0.310 ) ( 2.76 )

B−9=12.39 KN

W S 1=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.140 ) ( 3.45 )( 2.76 )

W S 1=31.39 KN

W S 2=2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( 0.140 ) ( 3.45 ) (2.76 )

W S 2=31.49 KN

W S 3=2.4 ( 9.81 )( 0.115 )( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )

W S 3=25.78 KN

s3∧2∧1 ceiling=0.25 ( 3.45 ) ( 276 )

s3∧2∧!ceiling =2.38 KN

s3 walling (B−3)=2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 3.45 )

s3 walling=24.29 KN

s3 walling (B−8) =2.2 ( 3.2 ) ( 2.76 )

COLUMN DESIGN @ 3rd FLOOR
s3 walling=19.43 KN
COLUMN 4
s3∧2∧1 floor finish =0.75 ( 3.45 ) ( 2.76 )
s3∧2∧1 floor finish =7.14 KN

C 4 4 thfloor =2.4 ( 9.81 ) ( π4 )(0. 250 )( 3.2)

2

C 4 4 thfloor =3.70 KN

C. TOTAL LOADING
Liveload = 91.40 KN
Deadload = 297.58 KN
E = 188.95 KN
 II.Solving for Actual Load
M 2=Pu e+ M 1
PUACT =1.4 DL+1.7 ≪+1.87 E M 2=925.33 ( 0 ) +353.34
PUACT =1.4 ( 297.58 ) +1.7 ( 91.40 )+1.87 (188.95) M 2=353.34 KN .m
PUACT =925.33 KN
b. Slenderness Ratio
III. Solving for Cross - Sectional Area Lu 3.2 3.2−0.44
= = =44.16
Assume value ∅=0.75 , ρ g=0.03 . r 0.25 D 0.25 ( 0.25 )
M1 353.34
A g= '
P UACT 34−12 ( ) (
M2
=34−12
353.34
=22 )
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [ f c ( 0.85 ) ( 1−ρg ) + fy ρ g ¿ ] Lu M1
A g=
925.33 (1000) r
>34−12
M2( )
0.75 ( 0.85 ) [30 ( 0.85 )( 1−0.03 )+(414 x 0.03)]
A g=39066.02 mm2 ∴ the column is short , consider the
πD 2 effect of slenderness ratio.
A g=
4
V. Solving for Critical Load by Euler’s Buckling
4 (39066.02)
D=
√ π
=¿ 223.03 mm ¿ Load

π 2 EI
Minimum diameter of spiral according to the Pc =
code is 250 mm ∅ ( kLu)2
k Lu=( 1 x 3.2 ) =3.2m ≈ 3200 mm
Try D=250 mm ∅ Ec I g
EI =
II.Determine Steel Requirement
2.5(1+ βd)2
Factored Axial Dead Load
Use 16 mm ∅ βd=
Total factored Axial Load
1.4( 297.58)
A S ρg A g βd= =0.45
N= = 925.33
A b π D4 Ec =4700 √ f c '
4 ¿ 4700 √ 30=25742.96
( π4 )(250 ) =7.32 ≈ 8 pcs
4
( 0.03 ) 2
π d 4 π (250)
AS I g= = =191747598.5
N= = 64 64
Ab π (16)2 ( 25742.96 ) (191747598.5)
EI =
4 ( 1+ 0.422) (2.5)
III. Determine Allowable Eccentricity EI =1.64 ×1 012 N ∙ mm 2
e all =15+0.03 D π 2 (1.64 ×1012)
Pc =
e all =15+0.03 ( 250 )=22.5 mm (3200)2
e all < e ∴ eccentrically loaded column Pc =1580.69 KN
Pc > Pu ∴ ok !
IV. Determine the Effect of Slenderness Ratio
VI. Solving for Steel Ratio
a. Solve for Factored Moment
Dm =170−2 ( 10 )−16=134 mm
M 1=1.87 E=1.87 ¿188.95)
M 1=353.34 KN .m πD m=134 π
 134 π−8 (10 ) PUALL =1875 KN
S= =42.62
8
PUALL > P UACT
Clear distance between longitudinal bars
allowed by Code VIII. Comparison of Spacing of Spiral using
10 mm ∅ bars
Smin =1.5 diameter
¯
S = 75mm
Smin =1.5 ( 16 )=24
1
S= ( Dm )
∴ S act =24 mm 6
1
S= ¿ 170) = 28.33mm
VII. Solving for Allowable Eccentricity, ρu 6

π
( 16 )2 (8)
AS 4 The code states that the minimum spacing of
ρact = = =0.032 spiral is not less than 35mm
Ag π 2
( 250 )
4
∴ use s=35 mm
Where k = 1
IX. Summary:
' 3 2
f c D ( 30 x 10 ) ( 0.25 ) “Use 250 mm ∅ column with 8−¿
PUALL = =
k 1 16 mm ∅ longitudinal bar and
10 mm ∅ bars with spacing of 35 mm 0

COLUMN DETAILS
COLUMN 4
COLUMN DETAILS
COLUMN 3
COLUMN DETAILS
 COLUMN 3

COLUMN DETAILS
COLUMN 2
COLUMN DETAILS
COLUMN 1