Unit THEME: Health and Environment

5 Pollution

RE AD ING SoW Lessons 53–58

Air pollution is when gases, smoke and chemicals are introduced into the environment in
large doses that are harmful to humans, animals and plants. It is caused by toxic fumes from
factories, land traffic, open burning and other activities like smoking. When we breathe in
the polluted air, it can affect our health badly. The clearing of forests and the cutting down
of trees makes this worse. How bad does pollution have to get for people to realise that it
causes a number of diseases like asthma, chest infections and even cancer? Air pollution
also causes damage to animals, plants and our beautiful historical monuments too.
Land pollution is when we ruin the land. Many of the things people use every day
come in packaging made from cardboard, plastic and polystyrene. These often end up in
landfills, which are an absolute eyesore! When careless people litter, both animals and
people are exposed to things that could hurt them, such as broken glass, rotting food,
harmful pests and toxic chemicals.
We really need to take care of our planet and make it a better, safer and healthier place
to live in. The best way to do this is for everyone to do their part to save the environment.

A Read the text above. Then, answer the following questions. LS 3.1.5

1 How does the writer feel about pollution?

2 Give three reasons why the writer feels this way.

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
3 Do you think that the writer’s judgement is fair? Why? HOTS

B Use a dictionary to look up the definitions of the following words. LS 3.1.4

1 toxic 2 ruin 3 rotting

LS 3.1.5 Recognise with support the attitude or opinion of the writer in simple longer texts
LS 3.1.4 Use independently familiar print and digital resources to check meaning

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L ANG U AG E AWA R E N E SS
Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns. They give us more information about
people, animals or things.
Adjectives may be formed by adding -ed or -ing to a verb.
Examples:

• When we breathe in the polluted air, it can affect our health badly.
• When careless people litter, both animals and people are exposed to things that could hurt
them, such as broken glass, rotting food, harmful pests and toxic chemicals.

Adjectives can be used for comparisons.

• Use the comparative form to compare two people, animals or things.
Example: I think that swimming is better than cycling.
• Use the superlative form to compare three or more people, animals or things.
Example: The best way to do this is for everyone to do their part to save the environment.

A Fill in the blanks by forming adjectives from the verb in brackets.

1 It’s (shock) how some people throw rubbish wherever they want.
2 The boys were (disappoint) that they weren’t allowed to swim in the lake.
3 I felt very (relax) after I put cucumber slices over my eyes.
4 Fredrik’s speech about working together to reduce pollution was (convince).
5 Jenny was (worry) when a lot of pimples broke out on her face.
6 I had a (tire) day cleaning the school compound.

B Complete the following sentences with the comparative or superlative form of the
adjectives in brackets.
1 Which is , the elephant or the rhinoceros? (heavy)
2 Yesterday was day ever. Luckily it rained last night, so now it is
. (hot, cool)
3 This restaurant is one I have ever been to. I don’t want to eat here. (dirty)
4 If you go to the market early in the morning, the vegetables will be and
taste the ones sold later in the day. (fresh, good)
5 The Ganges River in India is one of rivers in the world. (pollute)
6 My skin is before because I now apply a mixture of lemon juice and egg
white onto my face twice a week. (smooth)
7 The haze is getting . It is getting to breathe and
people are falling sick each day. (bad, hard, many)

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 26 Drill in KSSM English Form 2 (Unit 5)
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WR IT I NG
A Arrange the following notes into the correct order. LS 4.1.5

Paragraph 1:

we should also impose heavier penalties and set up factories and power plants far
away from residential areas

1 in order to reduce air pollution we should take some preventive measures

in addition to that we have to stop clearing valuable forests

first we can reduce the traffic on the road by carpooling and using more public
transport vehicles should also be serviced regularly

we need to plant more trees and encourage the development of more green projects

next we must also check on factories that emit toxic fumes

Paragraph 2:

lastly use eco friendly and energy efficient products whenever possible such as
reusable shopping bags and containers
we can give away things that we no longer use like clothes shoes toys and books
this way they will not end up in a landfill
if you cannot give them away remember that plastic paper glass and other materials
can be recycled or reused

1 reduce reuse and recycle as much as possible

if something cannot be recycled at least put it into a rubbish bin instead of littering

B Rewrite the notes above in the right order using the correct punctuation. LS 4.2.1

LS 4.1.5 Organise and sequence ideas within short texts on familiar topics
LS 4.2.1 Punctuate written work with moderate accuracy

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 27 Drill in KSSM English Form 2 (Unit 5)
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L IS T ENI NG
A Listen to the dialogue and read the following opinions. If Jason agrees with the opinion,
tick the circle on the left. If Leela agrees, tick the circle on the right. If both agree, tick
both circles. LS 1.1.3

Doesn’t like loud noises

Thinks that more people are having

hearing problems nowadays

Thinks that the volume of our phones

is too loud

Finds the sound of traffic awful

Thinks that little children and the elderly

suffer the most from traffic noises

Jason Thinks that people at some Leela

restaurants talk too loudly

B Listen to a set of instructions. Number the following sentences in the correct order.
LS 1.1.4

Then, make a poster about noise pollution based on your research.

Answer any questions your classmates have regarding the poster.

Work in groups.

Present the poster to the class and talk about it.

Do research on ways to reduce noise pollution.

Remember to add pictures and illustrations to your poster.

LS 1.1.3 Recognise with support attitudes or opinions in simple longer texts on a range of familiar topics
LS 1.1.4 Understand with little or no support longer sequences of classroom instructions

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 28 Drill in KSSM English Form 2 (Unit 5)
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S PEAKING
A Work in pairs. Role-play the dialogue below. Then, share your opinions of the two
characters. Compare their personalities. LS 2.1.5

Din : Are you throwing that in the garbage?

Chong : Yes. Why? Do you want it?
Din : No. But don’t you recycle your waste?
Chong : What do you mean? I put rubbish into the rubbish bin. What do you do with yours?
Din : Well, I separate my rubbish and put them in separate bags for paper, aluminium,
glass and plastic.
Chong : Why? That sounds like extra work.
Din : Because we need to save our environment. Throwing away our rubbish without
separating it makes the collection process more difficult for others. If you separate
your rubbish, it can be sent to recycling centres. Your fruit and vegetable waste can
also be put into a compost bin to be turned into fertiliser.
Chong : What a waste of time and effort!

B Work in pairs. Do some research and choose two famous environmentalists. Then,
HOTS share your opinions about them. Compare and contrast their personalities and how they
achieved their goals. You may use the double bubble map below to organise your ideas.
LS 2.1.5

LS 2.1.5 Express opinions or feelings about character and personality

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 29 Drill in KSSM English Form 2 (Unit 5)
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L IT ERAT U R E I N A C T I O N
A Below is the template of a bookmark. Make a copy of the bookmark and fill in the
HOTS information about the short story Cheat! by Allan Baillie. Paste the bookmark onto a piece
of manila card. Draw a scene from the story on the other side of the bookmark. LS 5.3.1

Title

Author’s Name

Main Characters
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
The character I like most and why:

What I’ve learnt from the story:

Name of Student:
Class:

LS 5.3.1 Respond imaginatively and intelligibly through creating poems, board games, puzzles and quizzes; other
imaginative responses as appropriate

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 30 Drill in KSSM English Form 2 (Unit 5)