Mathematics 8 Quarter 4 Week 4

NAME: ____________________________________ YR & SEC: _____________________

Competency:
The learner proves properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal (M8GE-IVd-1).
To the Learners:
Before you start with this module, you need to set aside other tasks that will cause disturbance while enjoying the
lessons. Read the instructions below to understand clearly the objectives of this module. Enjoy learning, Have a good day!
1. Follow the directions carefully before applying definite actions to avoid corrections.
2. Prepare your pen and paper to jot down terms which needed clarifications.
3. Answer all the activities/tests with honesty.
4. Don’t hesitate to ask your parents/guardian/teacher if you have any questions.
5. Be motivated and enthusiastic while studying. Enjoy learning!

Expectations

This module is designed to help you understand how to prove properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
• Identify the different angles formed by parallel lines cut by a transversal.
• Find the measures of angles formed by parallel lines cut by a transversal.
• Prove properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal.
• Demonstrate appreciation about angles formed by parallel lines cut by a transversal by relating it to real-
life situations.

Pre-test

Directions: Read and analyse each item/question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on
the blank before each number
_____1. Which of the following statement is true about parallel lines cut by a transversal?
A. Corresponding angles are supplementary.
B. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
C. Same-side interior angles are complementary.
D. Alternate interior angles are supplementary.

_____2. In the figure shown, what is the relationship between ∠4 and ∠5?
A. ∠4 and ∠5 are corresponding angles and they are ≅.
B. ∠4 and ∠5 are alternate interior angles and they are ≅.
C. ∠4 and ∠5 are alternate exterior angles and they are ≅.
D. ∠4 and ∠5 are same-side interior angles and they are supplementary.

_____3. Parallel lines 𝑚 and 𝑛 are cut by transversal 𝑡. If 𝑚∠4 = 135°, what is the measure of ∠5?
A. 135° B. 145° C. 225° D. 45°

_____4. Which of the following reasons should be used to prove statement number 3?

Given: 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏
Prove: ∠3 ≅ ∠5

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 1 | 11
 STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏 1. Given
2. ∠3 ≅ ∠1 2. Vertical Angle Theorem
3. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 3.
4. ∠3 ≅ ∠5 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

A. Corresponding Angles Postulate

B. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
C. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
D. Same-side Interior Angles Theorem

_____5. Which of the following reasons should be used to prove statement number 5?

Given: 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2
Prove: 𝑚∠𝑑 + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180°

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2 1. Given
2. ∠𝑑 ≅ ∠ℎ 2. Corresponding Angles Postulate
3. 𝑚∠ℎ + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180° 3. Linear Pair Postulate
4. 𝑚∠𝑑 = 𝑚∠ℎ 4. Definition of Congruent Angles
5. 𝑚∠𝑑 + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180° 5.

A. Transitive Property of Congruence

B. Associative Property of Equality
C. Identity Property of Equality
D. Substitution Property of Equality

Looking Back to your Lesson

Before you proceed to the main lesson, you’ll have to recall the following pairs of angles and their properties that
you will use for this lesson.

PAIR OF ANGLES ILLUSTRATION PROPERTIES

Two angles are supplementary If two angles are

if the sum of their measures is supplementary, then the sum of
180° their measures is 180.

Vertical angles are nonadjacent

If two angles are vertical, then
angles formed by two
they are congruent.
intersecting lines.

If two angles are adjacent and If the sum of two adjacent

supplementary, then they are angles is 180, then these
called a linear pair. angles form a linear pair.

Introduction of the Topic

A transversal is a line that intersects coplanar lines, each at a different point.

Parallel lines are coplanar lines which never intersect and have the same direction. They do not intersect
because they are equidistant.

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MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 2 | 11
 When parallel lines are cut by a transversal, several pairs of angles are formed based upon the locations in
relation to the line.
These pairs of angles are…

1.CORRESPONDING ANGLES
- the pair of angles found on the same side of the transversal, one interior and one exterior, but not adjacent.
∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5 are corresponding angles.
∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8 are corresponding angles.
∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠6 are corresponding angles.
∠3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7 are corresponding angles.

When lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel, the measures of the corresponding angles are equal.
𝑚∠1 ≅ 𝑚∠5 and 𝑚∠4 ≅ 𝑚∠8
𝑚∠2 ≅ 𝑚∠6 and 𝑚∠3 ≅ 𝑚∠7

Corresponding Angles Postulate

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then corresponding angles are congruent.

2.ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES

- the pair of angles found in the “interior” (between the parallel lines) and “alternate” sides of the transversal.

∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠6 are alternate interior angles.

∠3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5 are alternate interior angles.

When lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel, the measures of the alternate interior angles are equal.
𝑚∠4 ≅ 𝑚∠6 and 𝑚∠3 ≅ 𝑚∠5

Alternate Interior Angles Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then alternate interior angles are congruent.

3.ALTERNATE EXTERIOR ANGLES

- the pair of angles found in the “exterior” (outside the parallel lines) and “alternate” sides of the transversal.

∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7 are alternate exterior angles.

∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8 are alternate exterior angles.

When lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel, the measures of the alternate exterior angles are equal.
𝑚∠1 ≅ 𝑚∠7 and 𝑚∠2 ≅ 𝑚∠8

Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then alternate exterior angles are congruent.

4.SAME-SIDE INTERIOR ANGLES

- the pair of angles found in the “interior” (between the parallel lines) and on the same side of the transversal.

∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5 are same-side interior angles.

∠3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠6 are same-side interior angles.

When lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel, the measures of the interior angles on the same side
of the transversal are supplementary.
𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠5 = 180° and 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠6 = 180°

Same-side Interior Angles Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then same-side interior angles are supplementary.

5.SAME-SIDE EXTERIOR ANGLES

- the pair of angles found in the “exterior” (outside the parallel lines) and on the same side of the transversal.

∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8 are same-side exterior angles.

∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7 are same-side exterior angles.

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 3 | 11
When lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel, the measures of the exterior angles on the same side of the transversal are
supplementary.
𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠8 = 180 and 𝑚∠2 + 𝑚∠7 = 180

Same-side Exterior Angles Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then same-side exterior angles are supplementary.

PROVING PROPERTIES OF PARALLEL LINES CUT BY A TRANSVERSAL

In this section, you will be able to apply the properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal to prove the following
pairs of angles.

If

CORRESPONDING ANGLES: In the figure shown, 𝑙1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙2 are parallel lines cut by a transversal 𝑡. Prove that ∠1 ≅ ∠5.
STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2 1. Given
2. ∠5 ≅ ∠7 2. Vertical Angles Theorem
3. ∠7 ≅ ∠1 3. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES: The photo below shows an example of a food for breakfast. It shows how two parallel
lines, 𝑎 and 𝑏 are cut by a transversal 𝑡. Prove that ∠4 ≅ ∠6.

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏 1. Given
2. ∠4 ≅ ∠8 2. Corresponding Angles Postulate
3. ∠8 ≅ ∠6 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
4. ∠4 ≅ ∠6 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

ALTERNATE EXTERIOR ANGLES: Study the photo below. If line 𝑚 and line 𝑛 are parallel and cut by a transversal 𝑡,
prove that ∠2 ≅ ∠8.

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑚 ∥ 𝑛 1. Given
2. ∠2 ≅ ∠4 2. Vertical Angles Theorem
3. ∠4 ≅ ∠8 3. Corresponding Angles Postulate
4. ∠2 ≅ ∠8 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 4 | 11
 If

SAME-SIDE INTERIOR ANGLES: The photo below shows a part of a stair. It also shows that line 𝑙1 is parallel to 𝑙2 and
cut by a transversal 𝑠. Prove that 𝑚∠𝑒 + 𝑚∠𝑑 = 180°.

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2 1. Given
2. ∠𝑎 ≅ ∠𝑒 2. Corresponding Angles Postulate
3. 𝑚∠𝑎 + 𝑚∠𝑑 = 180° 3. Linear Pair Postulate
4. 𝑚∠𝑎 = 𝑚∠𝑒 4. Definition of Congruent Angles
5. 𝑚∠𝑒 + 𝑚∠𝑑 = 180° 5. Substitution Property of Equality

SAME-SIDE EXTERIOR ANGLES: The photo below shows a person reading a bible. If lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel and cut
by a transversal 𝑡, prove that 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠8 = 180°.

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏 1. Given
2. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 2. Corresponding Angles Postulate
3. 𝑚∠5 + 𝑚∠8 = 180° 3. Linear Pair Postulate
4. 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠5 4. Definition of Congruent Angles
5. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠8 = 180° 5. Substitution Property of Equality

Activities

DIRECTIONS: Identify the locations of the crayons scattered on top of a table. Shade
the shapes before the names of pairs of angles that correspond to the color of the
crayons.

Corresponding Angles Alternate Exterior Angles Same-side Exterior

Angles

Alternate Interior Angles Same-side Interior Angles

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 5 | 11
DIRECTIONS: Cut out the emoticons found at the last page of this module and
paste it on the circle that corresponds to the answers in the sentences that
follow.

A happy emoticon and a 140° angle are corresponding angles. They are congruent.

A wink emoticon and a 60° angle are alternate exterior angles. They are congruent.
A wow emoticon and a 140° angle are alternate interior angles. They are congruent.
A blessed emoticon and a 40° angle are same-side exterior angles. They are
supplementary.
A blissful emoticon and a 120° angle are same-side interior angles. They are
supplementary.

The photo below shows the dispersion of each

mobile legend heroes on the first part of the game.
Help Layla in proving that the given heroes are in
Congruent angular location along the map, given that
lines 𝑎 and 𝑏 are parallel cut by transversal 𝑡.

PROVE: ≅

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑎∥𝑏 1.
2. 2.
≅

3. 3.
≅

4. 4.
≅

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 6 | 11
 Remember
Your conjectures in this module can be summarized below.
… corresponding angles are congruent.
… alternate interior angles are congruent.
If two parallel lines are cut by a
… alternate exterior angles are congruent.
transversal, then
… same-side interior angles are supplementary.
… same-side exterior angles are supplementary.

Check your Understanding

Find the measures of unknown angles and explain your reasoning.
1. 2. 3.

Post-test
Directions: Read and analyse each item/question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on
the blank before each number.

_____1. Which of the following statement is true about parallel lines cut by a transversal?

A. Corresponding angles are supplementary.

B. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
C. Same-side interior angles are complementary.
D. Alternate interior angles are supplementary.

_____ 2. In the figure below, line 𝑎 and line 𝑏 are parallel cut by a transversal 𝑡. Which of the following are corresponding
angles?

A. ∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠3, ∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠4

B. ∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠6, ∠3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5
C. ∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8, ∠3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7
D. ∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7, ∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8

_____3. Parallel lines 𝑚 and 𝑛 are cut by transversal 𝑡. If 𝑚∠4 = 135°,

what is the measure of ∠5?

A. 135° B. 145° C. 225° D. 45°

_____4. In the figure shown, what is the relationship between ∠4 and ∠5?

A. ∠4 and ∠5 are corresponding angles and they are ≅.

B. ∠4 and ∠5 are alternate interior angles and they are ≅.
C. ∠4 and ∠5 are alternate exterior angles and they are ≅.
D. ∠4 and ∠5 are same-side interior angles and they are supplementary.

_____5. In the given figure, which pair of angles are same-side exterior angles?

A. ∠4 and ∠6
B. ∠1 and ∠7
C. ∠2 and ∠7
ERICA RIO G. SIOSON
MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 7 | 11
 D. ∠3 and ∠6

_____6. Which of the following statements is always true?

A. All intersecting lines are parallel.

B. Parallel lines are equidistant.
C. Lines that intersect and form a right angle are parallel lines.
D. Skew lines are parallel lines.

_____7. In the figure below, 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏 and 𝑡 is a transversal. Which angles

are congruent to ∠4?

A. ∠1, ∠6, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8

B. ∠2, ∠5, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7
C. ∠3, ∠5, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠7
D. ∠2, ∠6, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8

_____8. If 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2 , which of the following statements is/are true?

I. ∠𝑎 ≅ ∠𝑒
II. ∠𝑓 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ℎ 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦
III. ∠𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝑔 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦
IV. ∠𝑑 ≅ ∠𝑓

A. I only
B. II and III only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I, II, and III only

_____9. Which of the following reasons should be used to prove statement number 3?

Given: 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏
Prove: ∠3 ≅ ∠5
STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑎 ∥ 𝑏 1. Given
2. ∠3 ≅ ∠1 2. Vertical Angle Theorem
3. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 3.
4. ∠3 ≅ ∠5 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

A. Corresponding Angles Postulate

B. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
C. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
D. Same-side Interior Angles Theorem

_____10. Which of the following reasons should be used to prove statement number 5?

Given: 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2
Prove: 𝑚∠𝑑 + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180°
STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑙1 ∥ 𝑙2 1. Given
2. ∠𝑑 ≅ ∠ℎ 2. Corresponding Angles Postulate
3. 𝑚∠ℎ + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180° 3. Linear Pair Postulate
4. 𝑚∠𝑑 = 𝑚∠ℎ 4. Definition of Congruent Angles
5. 𝑚∠𝑑 + 𝑚∠𝑒 = 180° 5.

A. Transitive Property of Congruence

B. Associative Property of Equality
C. Identity Property of Equality
D. Substitution Property of Equality

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 8 | 11
 Additional Activities
A. FINDING MEASURES OF NUMBERED ANGLES

The photo on the left shows the portion of LRT along Edsa-Munoz. Use
the figure to find the measures of numbered angles.

B. This photo shows an aerial view of an intersection in a certain city. It also shows two parallel lines 𝑟 and 𝑠 cut by a
transversal 𝑡. Prove that ∠7 ≅ ∠8.

STATEMENT REASON
1. 𝑟 ∥ 𝑠 1. Given
2. ∠7 ≅ ∠6 2.
3. ∠6 ≅ ∠8 3.
4. ∠7 ≅ ∠8 4. Transitive Property of Congruence

Reflection :

For EMOJINGLES ACTIVITY

ERICA RIO G. SIOSON

MATH 8 QUARTER 4 WEEK 4 P a g e 9 | 11