INDUSTRIALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT TO THE ENVIRONMENT

The process of converting to a socioeconomic order in which industry is dominant

- Industrialization
The period of social and economic cahge that transforms a human group from an
agrarian society into an industrial society, involving the extensive re-organization of an
economy for the purpose manufacturing
Also known as industrial revolution

It is an economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in
factories

- Industry

A british economic historian also noted for his social commitement and desire to improve the living
conditions of the working classes

- Arnold Tonybee (1852-1883)

Describes the process that increase the amount of specialization and differentiation of structure in
societies resulting in the move from an undeveloped society to developed, technology driven society.

- Modernization

IMPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATON

The process through which cities grow, and higher and higher percentages of the population comes to
live in the city. In the Philippines, the level of urbanization keeps on rising in the past years.

- Urbanization

Caused by the presence of xenobiotics (human-made) chemicals or other alternation in the natural soil
environemnt.

- Soil pollution

Occurs when harmful substances, often chemicals or microorganisms contaminate a stream, river, lake,
ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the
environment.

- Water pollution

A mixture of solid particles and gases in the air

- Air pollution

Cover about 30% of the world’s land area, but they are disappearing at an alraming rate

- Forest loss
New machinery, increased the food supply, and improved sanitation

- Rapid population growth

An agricultural intensification and mechanization system that aims to maximize yields from available
land through various means, such as heavy use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.

- Intensive farming

THREE SUPPORTING THEMES ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT AND INDUSTRIALIZATION

1. The world cannot physically sustain present rates of economic growth and idustrial
development since the resources this requires are simply not available
- This means that ecological system cannot tolerate increasing growth; there must be ‘limits to
growth’
2. The world cannot tolerate the levels of pollution now associated with large scale industrial
production
- This means that intensive farming and other chemical industries are to blame; more energy
input for low energy output
3. Industrial development has spawned a type of technology that has a dehumanizing effect, in the
workplace and beyond
- This means that increasing technical specialization of knowledge makes it more difficult to
coordinate as part of a coherent plan.

A theory of exponential population growth and arithmetic food supply growth

- Malthusian theory

A biological species in an environment isn the maximum population size of the species that the
environment can sustain indefinitely

- Carrying capacity