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Name Date Class

LESSON Reteach
6-4 Factoring Polynomials
Sometimes you can use grouping to factor a third degree polynomial. To factor by grouping
means to group terms with common factors. Then factor the common factors. Continue to
factor until the expression can no longer be factored.
Factor: x 3  4x 2  9x  36.
Start by grouping terms to factor out the greatest possible power of x.

x 2 is a factor of x  4x  9x  36
3 2
9 is a factor of 9 and 36.
x 3 and 4x 2.
 x 3  4x 2    9x  36 
x  4  is a common factor.
  
2
x x 4 9 x 4

 4  x  9 
2
x  x 2  9  is the difference of squares.
x  4  x  3  x  3 
Recall that  a 2  b 2    a  b 
 a  b . So  x 2  9 
  x  3   x  3 .

Factor each expression.


1. x 3  3x 2  4x  12 2. x 3  6x 2  x  6

 x 3  3x 2    4x  12   x 3  6x 2    x  6 

x 2 x  3   4 x  3  x 2 x  6   1 x  6 

 x  3  x 2  4   x  6  x 2  1 
 x  3  x  2  x  2   x  6  x  1  x  1 
3. x3  x2  9x  9 4. x3  2x2  16x  32

 x 3  x 2    9x  9   x 3  2x 2    16x  32 
x 2 x  1   9 x  1  x 2 x  2   16 x  2 
 x  1  x 2  9   x  2  x 2  16 
 x  1  x  3  x  3   x  2  x  4  x  4 

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Process Black
Name Date Class

LESSON Reteach
6-4 Factoring Polynomials (continued)
Use special rules to factor the sum or difference of two cubes.
Recognizing these common cubes can help you factor the sum or difference of cubes.
1  1, 2  8, 3  27, 4  64, 5  125, and 6  216
3 3 3 3 3 3

Rule for the Sum of Two Cubes: a  b   a  b   a  ab  b .


3 3 2 2

Factor: y  64.
3

y 3  64 Identify the cubes: y 3 and 64  4 3.

y3  43 Write the expression as the sum of two cubes.

(y  4)(y 2  4y  16) Use the rule to factor.

Using the rule: a  y and b  4.


So a 2  y 2, ab  4y, and b 2  16.

Rule for the Difference of Two Cubes: a 3  b 3  (a  b)(a 2  ab  b 2).


Factor: 8x  125.
3

8x 3 125 Identify the cubes:  2x  3 and 125  5 3.

 2x  3  53 Write the expression as the difference of two cubes.

(2x  5)(4x 2  10x  25) Use the rule to factor.

Using the rule: a  2x and b  5.


So a   2x   4x , ab   2x   5   10x, and b  25.
2 2 2 2

Factor each expression.


5. 27x  8 6. y 3  216
3

 3x  3  2 3 y3  63

 3x  2  9x 2  6x  4   y  6  y 2  6y  36 
7. y  27 8. x  1
3 3

y3  33 x3  13
 y  3  y 2  3y  9   x  1  x 2  x  1 

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All rights reserved. 31 Holt Algebra 2

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