Mud Programme For Well GS - 29#AF

DRILLING FLUIDS PROGRAM, GS_29#AF
Original Date of Issue:

Owner: Sept 2017
VP Drilling Solution
Reviewed by: Number, Revision level and date:

Sufyan Deshmukh 1, revision 0,
Approved by: Page:

Yogesh Kumar
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 OBJECTIVE
3.0 SCOPE
4.0 DEFINITION
4.1 Document Control
4.2 Basis of Design of Fluid Program
4.3 Fluid Program Content
4.3.1a Fluid Program Introduction

4.3.1b Cost Analysis
4.3.2 Interval Discussion (12 1/4”)

4.3.4a Interval Information
4.3.4b Drilling Fluid Concentration and Formulation
4.3.4c Optimum Fluid Properties Range for 12 1/4” Interval
4.3.4d Operations and Procedures
4.3.4e Estimated Material Requirement for 12 1/4” Interval
4.3.3 Interval Discussion (8½”)

4.3.4c Optimum Fluid Properties Range for 8½” Interval
4.3.4e Estimated Material Requirement for ½ Interval
4.3.4 Interval Discussion (6”)

4.3.4c Optimum Fluid Properties Range for 8½” Interval
4.3.4e Estimated Material Requirement for ½ Interval
4.4 Contingency Plan

4.4.1 Borehole Strengthening
4.4.2 Hole Cleaning
4.4.3 Solid Control
4.4.4 Sub Surface Losses
4.4.5 Differential Sticking
1 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.4.6 Additional Information
1.0 PURPOSE
To document a well program for exploratory well GS_29#AF as per M-I SWACO fluid standards in alliance with client
ONGC. To prepare a document that provides guideline to drilling fluids engineers at rig site and client representatives
regarding
 Key Performance Indicators
 Objectives and concern for each section in detail with solutions
 Drilling fluid Concentration and Formulation
 Optimum Fluid Properties range for individual hole interval
 Operations and Procedures
 Material Requirements
 Contingency Plans
 Cost Estimates for comparison of each section
2.0 OBJECTIVE
To prepare a fluid program that meets the needs of ONGC to drill a vertical well. The Basic requirements being,
 A Vertical Well on the East Coast of India
 Water depth of approximately 155m,
 Planned depth of 4325m
 Type: Exploratory/ Vertical
Also, to provide standard procedures and contingency plans which meet the global standards to be followed and
documented.
3.0 SCOPE
The fluids program for well GS_29#AF has been prepared in accordance with M-I SWACO global standards and the
client OIL requirements. The procedures, plans and guidelines should be followed at rig site, any deviation should be
discussed with client and project engineer before implementation.
4.0 DEFINITION
The Drilling fluids program is designed after careful study of the geo-technical data provided by the client. The fluids
program has been designed based on several technical discussions with the client representative and predictive
results obtained from M-I SWACO software like VIRTUAL HYDRAULICS and others. Several mud tests were carried
out in lab with the help of the technical team and the results were incorporated in the fluids program.

4.1 Document Control
Document Revision
Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By
Number with Date
Revision 0 Sufyan Deshmukh
Revision 1
Revision 2
Revision 3
Customer Approval Date
Name of Approver
Signature
Designation

4.3 Fluid Program Content
4.3.1a Fluid Program Introduction
HPHT @
HOLE SIZE DEPTH (m) MW (ppg) PV 6 rpm OWR WPS ES @ 120F
250F
Sea Water &
26" 600 / 600m Hi Vis N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Sweeps
17½” 1400m / 1400m 10-11.5 ALAP 15 - 16 <5 70:30 18-22% >400
12 1/4" 2530m/ 2530m 12-13.5 ALAP 12 - 14 <5 75:25 22-25% >450
8½” 3545/3545 13.5-15.0 ALAP 10-12 <4 80:20 22-25% >500
6” 3939/3930 15-16.5 ALAP 10-12 <4 85:15 24-28% >500

4.3.3g Pre-Displacement Procedure
 Having completed the necessary Permit to Work and JSA Review, all mud pits and lines should be cleaned in
preparation of taking on SOBM.
 Individually close each valve in the circulating / mixing / transferring system against centrifugal pump pressure and
monitor for leaks. Replace any valves that appear to be leaking. Drain all tanks and lines and squeegee all residues
to dump valves. Use a mop or diaphragm pump to drain all low spots in the pit system. Close all dump valves and seal
with silicone caulk and lock out to prevent inadvertent opening during the SBM use.
 Isolate the sea chest and seawater lines and make sure that all of the water lines above the mud pits are blanked off.
Lock out/Tag out all water lines feeding into the mud pits, shakers and flow line. Check all agitators to make sure there
are no oil leaks.
 Place large mesh screens on the shale shakers for the displacement. Caution should be taken not to screen up to the
desired screen size on the shale shakers until after the displacement.
 Have all Compliance Equipment rigged up and all personnel on location prior to displacing with SOBM.
 Lock out all water lines feeding into the mud pits, shakers and flow line.
 Hold a pre-job meeting reviewing MSDS and JSA for mixing and transferring with everyone involved prior to change
over to SOBM. All proper procedures are to be recognized and followed to prevent an environmental incident from
occurring.
 Double check to make sure all valves are lined up correctly to take on SOBM.
 Condition mud to the required density and minimum properties before starting displacement.
4.3.3h Displacement Procedure
 Check out processing equipment (augers, dryer and centrifuge), to make sure they are operational before starting
displacement.
 Hold a pre-displacement meeting with all personnel to be involved with the operation. Outline the responsibilities of
each party as to proper aligning of all applicable lines and valves, monitoring of pit levels and operational procedures.
Proper communication is a must. Both Mud Engineers are to be on duty during all displacements, with one Mud
Engineer on the pits and one Mud Engineer at the flow line.
 Have the work boat containing any remaining volume of SOBM hooked up to the mud hose and standing by to deliver
mud before the displacement begins. (Someone will need to watch the mud hose anytime mud is transferred to and
from the boat).
 Notify Ballast Control and Subsea Engineer that the displacement is about to begin. Make sure the Derrick man,
Shaker Hand and driller have radios and have established communication and that everyone involved is in the loop.
 Line up returns to go overboard. Close valves behind shakers. Make sure that there is no possibility of returns
contaminating the SOBM in the active pits.
 Communicate with Mud Loggers to zero stroke counters.
 Build a displacement procedure that is rig specific and share with all personnel involved.
 Line up on the hole with mud from the active pit and displace the hole. Recommend using the maximum flow rates
allowable, with no interruptions in circulation in order to minimize channeling tendencies of the fluid. Rotate (40-60
rpm’s) and reciprocate the drill string if possible. Have bit on bottom when spacer exits the bit.
 Take returns to the possum belly, dumping sea water overboard.
 Continue displacing, pumping as fast as possible with the mud from the active pits. As active volumes begin to drop,
begin transferring mud from the workboat to the rig, or if applicable from reserve pits to active.
 When the SOBM interface has cleared the stack by ±100bbl, begin boosting the riser with SOBM. Have coarse
screens on the shakers at this point to cope with the flow.
 One Mud Engineer will be at the pits and one Mud Engineer will be at the possum belly to watch for the interface.
Begin catching SOBM returns to the active pits when the electrical stability is above 50 volts.
 The Mud Engineer stationed on the pits should verify when he begins receiving returns back into the active pits.
 If possible, circulate at least one bottoms up after the displacement using shear and temperature to emulsify any water
picked-up during the displacement.
 If possible, catch interface and any water contaminated SOBM in a separate mud pit and incorporate back into the
active mud system when mud properties allow (High Viscosity Sweeps, etc.).


4.3.5 Interval Discussion 12 1/4” Interval
Drilled Depth • 1400m – 2530m = 1125m
Fluid: • LTSOBM
• To provide sufficient well-bore stability for successful logs.

Objectives:
• Adequate cementing and shoe tests.
• Hole Cleaning
Concerns: • ECD Management
• Losses
• Use MI Virtual Hydraulics to compare downhole pressures with PWD to minimize ECD and minimize
Solutions: losses.
• Adjust fluid properties to minimal rheology prior to cementing.
S No. CHEMICAL FUNCTION CONC (ppb)

2 SUREMUL PLUS EMULSIFIER 10
3 ECOTROL F HTHP F/L 1.0
4 RHEO F/L HTHP F/L 3.0
6 VG PLUS VISCOSIFIER 4
7 HRP VISCOSIFIER 0.5
8 LIME ALKALINITY 8.0
9 CALCIUM CHLORIDE BRINE PHASE 23.0
10 BARITE MUD WEIGHT As Required
11 SARALINE 185V BASE FLUID 65.0%
MUD PROPERTIES PARAMETERS

Density (ppg) 12.0 to 13.5
Plastic Viscosity (cP) @ 80F ALAP
6 rpm @ 120F 12 - 14
HPHT Fluid Loss (cc/30 min) @ 250F <5
Oil Water ratio 75:25
WPS CaCl2 % w/w 20-25%
Electrical stability (volts) @ 120F >400

 12 ¼” section is drilled with WBM up to 2009 m and we will displace the well and If mud weight and fracture gradient
limitations allow drilling will continue to a section 2530m
 After section TD at 2530 9 5/8” Casing will be run.
 Mud weight required to drill the section is anticipated to be between 12 ppg and 13.5ppg with the actual mud weight
determined by hole conditions.
 A set of electrical logs will be run as per requirement.
 Use MI Virtual Hydraulics daily while drilling to predict down hole pressures to minimize ECD and possible losses. Run
booster pump to keep riser clear and minimize ECD.
 Adjust screen sizes to minimize losses. Run centrifuge to minimize solids build up as required.

4.3.5e Estimated Material Requirement for 12 1/4” Interval.
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS Well: GS_29#AF
INTERVAL: 4 1,400 Meters to 2,530 Meters

12.25” hole for 9-5/8” casing
FLUID TYPE: SOBM
Vo l ume Cal cul ati ons:

RKB - MSL 25 m
Water depth 9 m
Open hole / bit size 12.25 inches
Footage to drill 1,130 m
Estimated washout 10%
Open hole volume 595 bbls
Pump & Dump Mud bbls
Surface volume 800 bbls
Riser volume 19.75 " ID 42 bbls
Casing Volume (13-3/8") 12.42 " ID 671 bbls
T otal Circulating Volume at T D 2,108 bbls
Displacement Volume 1,471 bbls
Consumption 0.75 bbls/m 848 bbls
T otal Volume Required to reach Interval T D 2,955 bbls
Volume Received From Previous Interval 2,000 bbls
T otal Volume T o Mix 955 bbls
Volume transferred to next interval (less 300 cementing losses) 1,808 bbls
12.0 - 13.5 ppg

PRODUCT UNIT (l b) PPB UNIT COST QTY COST
Barite 1 MT 373 $ 158.97 161 $ 25,594.17
CaCO3-M 25 KG 10 $ 2.81 173 $ 486.13
CaCl2 25 KG 20 $ 10.83 347 $ 3,758.01
CaCO3-C 25 KG 0 $ 2.81 0 $ -
CaCO3-F 25 KG 10 $ 2.81 173 $ 486.13
Base Oil 1 bbl 65% $ 111.00 621 $ 68,931.00
G-Seal Plus 25 KG 0 $ 83.09 0 $ -
ECOT ROL F 25 KG 1 $ 443.13 17 $ 7,533.21
LIME 25 KG 8 $ 15.67 139 $ 2,178.13
HRP 55 GAL 1 $ 1,974.40 2 $ 3,948.80
SUREWET 55 GAL 1 $ 988.78 2 $ 1,977.56
SUREMUL PLUS 55 GAL 10 $ 904.31 22 $ 19,894.82
VG Plus 25 KG 4 $ 60.67 69 $ 4,186.23
RHEO F/L 25 KG 3 $ 48.33 52 $ 2,513.16
Versagel HT 25 KG 0 $ 363.94 0 $ -
Engineering Day Each $ 600.00 28 $ 16,800.00
Esti mated Total Co st: $ 158,287.35
Esti mated Cost Per Meter: $ 140.08
Esti mated Cost Per Barrel : $ 165.68

4.3.5 Interval Discussion 81/2” Interval
Drilled Depth • 2530m-3545 = 1015m
Fluid: • LTSOBM

Objectives:
• Hole Cleaning
• Losses
Solutions: losses.


Density (ppg) 13.5 to 15
6 rpm @ 120F 12-14

 Cement will be drilled out with an 8½” bit and a LOT conducted. If mud weight and fracture gradient limitations allow
drilling will continue to a section 3545m
 After section TD at 3545 7” liner will be run.
 Mud weight required to drill the section is anticipated to be between 13.5ppg and 15ppg with the actual mud weight

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS WELL GS_29#AF
INTERVAL: 5 2,530 Meters to 3,545 Meters

8.5" hole
FLUID TYPE: SOBM
Volume Calculati ons:

RKB - MSL 25 m
Water depth 9 m
Footage to drill 1,015 m
T otal Volume T o Mix 1,234 bbls
Volume remaining at he end of the well. (less 150 bbls cementing loss 1,538 bbls
13.5 - 15 ppg
PRODUCT UNIT (lb) PPB UNIT COST QTY COST
Asphasol 50 LB 0 $ - 0 $ -
Barite 1 MT 509 $ 158.97 285 $ 45,306.45
CaCl2 25 KG 15 $ 10.83 336 $ 3,638.88
CaCO3-F 25 KG 10 $ 2.81 224 $ 629.44
Versatrol 50 LB 0 $ 87.49 0 $ -
Base Oil 1 bbl 65% $ 111.00 802 $ 89,022.00
ECOT ROL F 25 KG 1 $ 443.13 22 $ 9,748.86
LIME 25 KG 8 $ 15.67 179 $ 2,804.93
HRP 55 GAL 1 $ 1,974.40 3 $ 5,923.20
SAFE SOLV-E 55 GAL 0 $ 701.24 8 $ 5,609.92
SAFE SURF-E 55 GAL 0 $ 303.58 8 $ 2,428.64
SUREWET 55 GAL 1 $ 988.78 3 $ 2,966.34
SUREMUL PLUS 55 GAL 12 $ 904.31 34 $ 30,746.54
VG Plus 25 KG 2 $ 60.67 45 $ 2,730.15
RHEO F/L 25 KG 3 $ 48.33 67 $ 3,238.11
Versagel HT 25 KG 2 $ 363.94 45 $ 16,377.30
Estimated Total Cost: $ 245,800.20
Estimated Cost Per Meter: $ 242.17
Estimated Cost Per Barrel: $ 199.15

4.3.5 Interval Discussion 6” Interval
Drilled Depth • 3545-3930 = 385m
Fluid: • LTSOBM

Objectives:
• Hole Cleaning
• Losses
Solutions: losses.


Density (ppg) 15-16.5
6 rpm @ 120F 10-12

 Cement will be drilled out with an 8½” bit and a LOT conducted. If mud weight and fracture gradient limitations allow
drilling will continue to Well TD 3930m
 After Well TD TD at 3545 5” liner will be run.
 Mud weight required to drill the section is anticipated to be between 15ppg and 16.5ppg with the actual mud weight

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS WELL GS_29#AF
INTERVAL : 5 3,545 Meters to 3,930 Meters

6" h ole
FL UID TYPE: SOBM
Vo l u me Cal cu l ati o ns:

RKB - MSL 25 m
Water depth 9 m
Footage to drill 385 m
Liner 7" 140
T otal Volume T o Mix 786 bbls
Volume remaining at he end of the well. (less 150 bbls cementing loss 1,709 bbls
13.5 - 15 ppg
PRODUCT UNIT (l b) PPB UNIT COST QTY COST
Barite 1 MT 509 $ 158.97 181 $ 28,773.57
CaCO3-M 25 KG 10 $ 2.81 143 $ 401.83
CaCl2 25 KG 15 $ 10.83 214 $ 2,317.62
CaCO3-C 25 KG 0 $ 2.81 0 $ -
CaCO3-F 25 KG 10 $ 2.81 143 $ 401.83
Base Oil 1 bbl 65% $ 111.00 511 $ 56,721.00
G-Seal Plus 25 KG 0 $ 83.09 0 $ -
ECOT ROL F 25 KG 1 $ 443.13 14 $ 6,203.82
LIME 25 KG 8 $ 15.67 114 $ 1,786.38
HRP 55 GAL 1 $ 1,974.40 2 $ 3,948.80
SUREWET 55 GAL 1 $ 988.78 2 $ 1,977.56
ECOT ROL HT 25 KG 0 $ 617.51 0 $ -
SUREMUL PLUS 55 GAL 12 $ 904.31 22 $ 19,894.82
VG Plus 25 KG 2 $ 60.67 29 $ 1,759.43
Versamod 55 GAL 0 $ 623.65 0 $ -
RHEO F/L 25 KG 3 $ 48.33 43 $ 2,078.19
Bentone 42 50 LB 0 $ 140.60 0 $ -
Versagel HT 25 KG 2 $ 363.94 29 $ 10,554.26
One-T rol HT 50 LB 8 $ 126.49 0 $ -
Esti mated To tal Co st: $ 160,819.11
Esti mated Co st Per Meter: $ 417.71
Esti mated Co st Per Barrel : $ 204.73

TOTAL MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
PRODUCT UNIT UNIT COST QTY COST

Barite 1 MT $ 158.97 627 $ 99,674.19
CaCO3-M 25 KG $ 2.81 540 $ 1,517.40
CaCl2 25 KG $ 10.83 897 $ 9,714.51
CaCO3-C 25 KG $ 2.81 0 $ -
CaCO3-F 25 KG $ 2.81 540 $ 1,517.40
RHEO F/L 25 KG $ 48.33 0 $ -
Base Oil 1 bbl $ 111.00 1,934 $ 214,674.00
ECOTROL F 25 KG $ 443.13 53 $ 23,485.89
LIME 25 KG $ 15.67 432 $ 6,769.44
HRP 55 GAL $ 1,974.40 7 $ 13,820.80
SAFE SOLV-E 55 GAL $ 701.24 8 $ 5,609.92
SAFE SURF-E 55 GAL $ 303.58 8 $ 2,428.64
SUREWET 55 GAL $ 988.78 7 $ 6,921.46
SUREMUL PLUS 55 GAL $ 904.31 78 $ 70,536.18
VG Plus 25 KG $ 60.67 143 $ 8,675.81
RHEO F/L 25 KG $ 48.33 162 $ 7,829.46
Versagel HT 25 KG $ 363.94 74 $ 26,931.56
Engineering Day $ 600.00 108 $ 64,800.00
$ 564,906.66

4.4 Contingency Plan
4.4.1 Borehole strengthening
If the LOT is deemed to be too low, it can be remedially squeezed using a CaCO 3/G-Seal Plus pill placed at the shoe; this
material is lost into the stress fractures, but plugging the cracks, and preventing pressure being transmitted to the tips of the
fractures. This process can strengthen the borehole, and increase LOT values.
Recommendations for pumping Stress-cage material (SCM) sweeps during this interval, to address fracture charging, and
increase the wellbore strength:
 Sweeps are usually circulated before reaming connections. Pump before the hole has been reamed clean of cuttings
as these ground up cuttings might get into the fractures, which then cannot be sealed and isolated.
 Use the same drilling pump rate while circulating these sweeps.
 Pump before any tandem sweeps (base oil + weighted mud behind – if used) for the same reason.
 The cuttings should be carefully monitored for evidence of compressive or tensile failure.
 Maintain the HTHP fluid loss at < 4.0 ml @ 250 oF so that the fractures that have been strengthened will be completely
isolated. (This can also reduce the chance of differential sticking). Maintain 3-5 ppb CaCO3 M in the active system.
 6 rpm should be kept 12-16 under downhole conditions.
 Do not compromise the mud properties, especially solids by downgrading screen size to keep the WSM in the system.
 Use Virtual Hydraulics to monitor the ECD, and compare to APWD.
 Drilling in a narrow pressure window requires the ECD to be under control without any spikes (correct drilling practices
and mud properties).
 Within the limits of the last shoe, maintain an equivalent density that will counteract the compressive stress while lower
than the tensile stress to avoid fractures.
In this way, hopefully we can gently open these fractures, prop them open with the G-Seal, and then seal them with CaCO3 and
SOBM cake. This process should increase the hoop stress of the wellbore, and make it harder for other fractures to develop. .
In general,
 Pump SCM sweeps before hole cleaning pills, or back reaming at end of stand drilled. So pump the SCM sweep when
back on bottom, in case there are problems while reaming the stand.
 Pump G-Seal sweeps 50bbl every 3 stands, unless there are any signs of ballooning (change in the connection flow
back pattern) before
In deep-water environments the window between pore pressure and fracture pressure is typically lower than in shallow water or
land drilling. We recommend that Virtual Hydraulics analyses be run regularly to model down-hole pressures. VH compliments
the PWD tool, and can be utilized at all times, and has Swab/surge programs for running casing, which is the single most likely
time for losing circulation.
It is important to have a good stock of both fibrous flake & granular LCM available on the rig at all times. The economic impact of
the losses is higher due to the use of a glycol-based fluid. The volumes in the pits must be monitored closely at all times, and
losses understood quickly to avoid breaking down any formations down-hole. This section is provided to give guidance on the
best remedial action to stem down-hole losses.
M-I recommends loss treatments based on the severity of down-hole losses; these can be ranked as Seepage Losses, Partial
Losses, or Severe/Total Losses. Conventional lost circulation products should be used initially, but should these fail to cure the
losses, we recommend using M-I’s FORM-A-PLUG cross-linked polymer pill, which will be available for this project.

4.4.2 Hole Cleaning

Several factors affect hole cleaning:
 The most important is to use as high pump rates as possible, to achieve the highest possible annular velocity. Within
the limits of the shakers, boost the riser whenever possible.
 Rotate drill string at 140 rpm if possible.
 Increase the 6-RPM to the high end of specifications if hole-cleaning problems occur. The low-end rheology is the
most important mud property to affect hole cleaning in a polymer system.
 Prior to connections, the cuttings should be circulated well above bottom, to avoid packing off after connections.
 The hole should be circulated clean before starting to POOH or back reaming.
 If the hole is back-reamed to the casing shoe or above prior to logging/casing, a check trip back to bottom should be
made. At bottom, the hole must be circulated clean before pulling out. Always circulate hole clean, not bottoms-up
only.
 High Viscosity sweeps should be pumped intermittently and evaluated as to their effectiveness. These sweep
volumes can range between 50 and 100 bbl and the frequency determined by the evaluation.
 Sweeps should coincide with a hi viscosity sweep pumped through the booster pump to maximize cutting removal from
the riser. Pump 100 bbl Hi Viscosity sweeps prior to trips.

Maintaining adequate viscosity and circulation rates, supplemented by sweeps has proven to be effective in minimizing problems
associated with hole cleaning. However, a proactive approach to hole cleaning should be taken, using regular high-viscosity
sweeps. These will check the hole-cleaning ability of the circulating mud. High viscosity sweeps should be pumped every other
connection to supplement hole cleaning. The size and frequency of the sweeps must be adjusted according to the results
observed at the shaker screen and the effect upon ECD as monitored by the down-hole PWD tool (if one is used). Within the
limitations of the rig pumps, the technique of combination sweeps can be used; the first sweep is pumped through the bit, until it
is approaching the BOP. Without stopping the pumps, a second High-Viscosity sweep should be pumped down the boost line (if
fitted) to arrive at the BOP just after the first sweep. Together, the increased sweep volume can clear the riser. This technique is
effective in smaller hole sections, where pump rates are lower, and might not be sufficient to clean the larger riser.
Sweep Program
Numerous types and volumes of sweeps should be tried during the drilling of the well. All sweeps should be utilized at different
times during the drilling of the hole sections as not to get “locked” into using one particular sweep. Listed below are the different
types of sweeps for the well.
 High Density (deviated holes) - These sweeps are low volume so as not to increase the ECD at the shoe to a value above
the shoe strength. These sweeps should be low in viscosity in an attempt to stir cuttings beds formed in washed out areas.
The objective is to provide enough buoyancy to float cuttings up to the more vertical part of the hole, from where the ambient
mud rheology is sufficient to clean the hole.
 High Viscosity - These sweeps are as large in volume as to cover at least 50m+ feet of hole. These sweeps are generally
made of the existing mud with various types and concentrations of viscosifiers.
 Low Viscosity - These sweeps are as large in volume as the pit system allows on the drilling rig. These sweeps are generally
made of the existing mud plus ±10% brine/glycol dilution plus some de-flocculants to ensure turbulent flow throughout the well
bore. The turbulent flow of these sweeps is to stir and dislodge the cuttings beds formed in deviated holes.
 LCM Assisted - These sweeps can be built with existing mud plus some concentration of cellulose type LCM, MIX-II Medium
or Coarse. This type of LCM has little to no slip in the drilling fluid. The LCM can attach itself to the cuttings in the well bore,
aiding in their removal. These sweeps can be high or low viscosity in their make-up and should also be as large in volume as
the drilling rig can permit. An obvious consideration in building these sweeps is tubular goods and jet sizes in the well to avoid
plugging of the MWD, bit, etc.
While tripping in after a trip out for logging or any time where the mud is sitting static for a period of time, the hole should be
stage pumped. First circulation should be below the exposed BOPs, at casing point and other designated points in the open

hole. This will help in minimizing surge pressures with the rheology factor in cold mud removed and warmer mud replaced. This
also is an added safety factor in the consideration of gas hydrates.
When breaking circulation, rotating the string just before turning on the pumps can also break gels, and minimize initial pump
pressures.
4.4.3 Solids Control
Proper solids control and dilution will allow the fluid to have adequate yield point and low shear rate viscosity without excessive
gel strengths. Elevated gel strengths could lead to surging or swabbing the hole.
Centrifuges - Considering the low level of solids in this fluid, which is primarily weighted with salt, effective use of a centrifuge,
can be made using the maximum bowl speed combined with the minimum feed rate, in total discharge mode. Also the differential
should be set as low if possible, to maximise residence time. This will remove fine solids that would otherwise accumulate, and
break down to colloidal size. Run the centrifuges whenever possible, even during trips.
4.4.4 Sub Surface Losses

In case lost circulation is experienced, G-SEAL, CALCIUM CARBONATE along with VINSEAL should be used either as pill or in
the system. The pill concentration will depend on the severity of losses. If calcium carbonate is to be carried it the system, the
concentration should be 5 ppb. Refer to the lost circulation tree in the engineering guide lines at the end of the program.
1. Seepage Losses
Losses of up to10 bbl/hr are normally considered seepage losses. Seepage type losses are frequently cured by the simple action
of reducing or stopping the pump rate and allowing the formation to heal and become sealed off by the development of a filter
cake. The pump rate can be gradually increased after the losses have stopped. Seepage losses can sometimes progress to
partial or total losses if remedial action is not taken. If losses do not heal by themselves and the amount of loss cannot be
tolerated by economical or other reasons, add VINSEAL to the circulating system 1-2sx per 10-15minutes. If no reduction in loss
rate sweep the following pill:
Chemical Concentration (lb/bbl)

CaCO3 BLEND 25
VINSEAL 10
If seepage losses are expected during drilling through a certain formation, treating the whole mud system with LCM before
entering the loss zone can be recommended. Such a treatment will depend on pore/fracture size distribution in the actual
formation, not to mention the tolerance to LCM of down-hole tools, but a general recommendation will be to treat the system with:

CaCO3 BLEND 8-10
VINSEAL 3
2. Partial Losses
Losses from 10 bbl/hr to 25 bbl/hr are referred in this particular case as partial losses. The situation will usually require treatment.
The following LCM pill should be spotted in the thief zone, and allowed to soak:

CaCO3 BLEND 40
VINSEAL 15
If this pill does not heal the losses, the pill given under “total losses of returns” should be pumped. If that one also fails, one of the
soft plugs or reinforcing plugs should be pumped.

3. Total Loss of Return

The priority will usually be well control, so the annulus must be filled from the top with either drilling fluid, base oil or other
lightweight liquid. Unless the fracture is induced, losses can normally not be stopped by pumping conventional LCM pills. The
alternative then is a soft plug or reinforcing plug (reverse gunk).
However, a pill of LCM is often the first choice since it gives quick response if it works and it is easy to do. Recommended pill to
pump should contain as much LCM as possible, but not more than 75 ppb total LCM concentration (depending on MWD/LWD
limitations). A standard formulation would be:

G-SEAL PLUS 10
KWIK SEAL 40
VINSEAL 20
One guiding principle for effective LCM pills is to use a broad range of granular, fibrous and flake material (in top hole*) in the
pills. Also, a ratio of 2:1 Granular/fibrous Fine + Medium is effective (ANDW-5). Mica is generally not used as it can interfere with
log interpretation.


4. Recommended Lost Circulation Decision Tree Based on Severity of Down-Hole Losses
4.4.5 Differential Sticking

The vast majority of stuck pipe problems arise from differential pressure sticking. Differential pressure sticking can be defined as
the force that holds pipe against the wall of the hole, due to the differential between formation pressure and hydrostatic pressure.
In order for differential pressure to exist, certain criteria are required:
 Hydrostatic pressure must exceed formation pressure.

 A zone of permeability must exist, over which a thick filter cake has been deposited.
Locate and stop

recommended treatment.
go to partial losses
If no reduction in loss rate
VINSEAL
CaCO3 (B)
spot pill:
If no reduction in loss rate
minutes
Vinseal (F) 1-2 sx per 10-15
system CaCO3 (B) or
Add to the circulating
every stand.
if needed as often as one
of one every third stand, and
10 to 20 bbl at a frequency
volume can be as much as
running casing. The sweep
interval, as well as prior to
pumped while drilling the
of 15 to 20 ppb should be
CaCO3(B) / Vinseal sweeps
whole system.
and 3 ppb VINSEAL in the
Premix 8-10 ppb CaCO3 (B)
 There must be contact area between the pipe and the filter cake.
Seepage losses < 10
losses
Since formations with permeability will be encountered, differential sticking is a possibility. The following information will deal
with the remedies available to free differential pressure stuck pipe. The area of contact increases as the filter cake thickens with
bbl/hr
time, thus producing greater sticking forces. Yes
Because of this, a quick determination of the cause followed by an immediate remedial step is imperative.
pressure. Kill the well

10 lb/bbl
25 lb/bbl
Record shut in
Yes
 Work pipe by tripping the jars both up and down if possible.
Stop drilling and observe levels

 Attempt to rotate.
 Spot a Spotting Fluid soak (Pipe-Lax pill) solution quickly. The probability of freeing differentially stuck pipe with a soak
successss
solution is inversely proportional to the time between actual sticking and final spotting of the solution.
No
Losses on
 Reduce mud weight if possible.
surface
Sodium Silicate/Cement
DOB/DOBC Gunk
Form-A-Plug
Spot specialized pill:
Partial losses 10-25

 Run a drill stem test tool and relieve pressure.
50 bbl mimimum
Volume:
VINSEAL
CaCO3 (B)
Spot pill:
 Pump a slug of water down the drill string then let it U-Tube. bbl/hr
Measure rate of loss

Note: Before the Spotting Fluid is mixed, make sure that the drum/container is agitated/shaken and pumped completely to
Well flowing?
ensure no settling.
15 lb/bbl
40 lb/bbl
No
No
success
No
success
No
Total loss of returns

100 bbl minimum
Volume:
Kwik Seal
VINSEAL
G-SEAL PLUS 10 lb/bbl
Spot pill:
Drill Ahead.
Stopped?
Losses
20 lb/bbl
40 lb/bbl

4.4.6 Additional Information
The essential components of the SOBM system are the primary emulsifier, wetting agent and rheology modifiers. Other
chemicals used to make up the system are basically the same as those typically used in conventional invert systems, such as
lime and CaCl2 brine. A more detailed description of the essential components is given below.
ONEMUL/ SUREMUL PLUS: The main emulsifier of the SBM system. The new emulsifier was first developed to minimize fluid
interactions with shale formations and drill solids. The recommended concentration is 6 to 10lb/bbl, Packaged in 55-gal drums, or
550-gal totes.
SUREWET: This is the main wetting agent, and it can also provide secondary-emulsifier effects. The recommended
concentration is 1 to 2lb/bbl. Packaged in 55-gal drums.
VG PLUS: These organophilic clays are used at concentrations of 5 – 6 ppb to provide viscosity for proper barite suspension and
gel strength. Typically, a fresh mix of the SBM system will contain up to a total of 5lb/bbl of organophilic clay. Additions of these
clays should be minimal during drilling operations.
ECOTROL F: The readily dispersible fluid-loss-control agent for the system. The typical required concentration for SOBM is 1.0
to 2.0lb/bbl. For higher-temperature applications (±250°F) up to 2lb/bbl may be required. Temperature and shear tend to
facilitate dispersion and solubilization of the product in the system. Packaged in 50-lb (22.68-kg) sacks.

Mud Programme For Well GS - 29#AF

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Mud Programme For Well GS - 29#AF

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DRILLING FLUIDS PROGRAM, GS_29#AF

Original Date of Issue:

Reviewed by: Number, Revision level and date:

Approved by: Page:

4.3.1a Fluid Program Introduction

4.3.2 Interval Discussion (12 1/4”)

4.3.3 Interval Discussion (8½”)

4.3.4 Interval Discussion (6”)

4.4 Contingency Plan

1 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.4.6 Additional Information

2 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.1 Document Control

Revision 0 Sufyan Deshmukh

Customer Approval Date

3 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3 Fluid Program Content

4.3.1a Fluid Program Introduction

12 1/4" 2530m/ 2530m 12-13.5 ALAP 12 - 14 <5 75:25 22-25% >450

8½” 3545/3545 13.5-15.0 ALAP 10-12 <4 80:20 22-25% >500

6” 3939/3930 15-16.5 ALAP 10-12 <4 85:15 24-28% >500

4 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.3g Pre-Displacement Procedure

4.3.3h Displacement Procedure

5 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

6 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5 Interval Discussion 12 1/4” Interval

4.3.5a Interval Information

Drilled Depth • 1400m – 2530m = 1125m

• To provide sufficient well-bore stability for successful logs.

Concerns: • ECD Management

• Adjust fluid properties to minimal rheology prior to cementing.

4.3.5b Drilling Fluid Concentration and Formulation

S No. CHEMICAL FUNCTION CONC (ppb)

4.3.5c Optimum Fluid Properties Range for 12 1/4” Interval

MUD PROPERTIES PARAMETERS

7 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5d Operations and Procedures

8 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5e Estimated Material Requirement for 12 1/4” Interval.

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS Well: GS_29#AF

INTERVAL: 4 1,400 Meters to 2,530 Meters

Vo l ume Cal cul ati ons:

12.0 - 13.5 ppg

9 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5 Interval Discussion 81/2” Interval

4.3.5a Interval Information

Drilled Depth • 2530m-3545 = 1015m

• To provide sufficient well-bore stability for successful logs.

Concerns: • ECD Management

• Adjust fluid properties to minimal rheology prior to cementing.

4.3.5b Drilling Fluid Concentration and Formulation

S No. CHEMICAL FUNCTION CONC (ppb)

4.3.5c Optimum Fluid Properties Range for 12 1/4” Interval

MUD PROPERTIES PARAMETERS

10 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5d Operations and Procedures

11 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS WELL GS_29#AF

INTERVAL: 5 2,530 Meters to 3,545 Meters

Volume Calculati ons:

12 Original Issue date: Sept 2017 Rev number / date: 0

4.3.5 Interval Discussion 6” Interval