❖ HISTORICAL CRITICISM

➢ Historicism / Higher Criticism

➢ The examination of the origins of the earliest text to appreciate the underlying
circumstances.
➢ An analysis of the text in the hope of be

❖ Methods of Historical Criticism

1. Source Criticism- analyzes & studies the sources used by authors.

Questions: “Where did the author get this information? What written documents and/
or oral traditions contributed to the stories recorded here?”

2. Form Criticism – seeks to understand the claims of a text by analyzing its

linguistic patterns.

Questions: “What is this unit’s literary genre? What is the pre-history of this unit?
How did the story change as it was passed down orally?”

3. Redaction Criticism- analyzes how redactors (i.e., editors) wove together various
traditions into one whole. It regards the author of the text as
the editor of the source materials.

Questions: When was it actually written? Who really wrote the text? avoid using the terms.

4. Tradition Criticism- attempts to trace the developmental stages of the oral tradition from
its historical emergence to its literary presentation.

❖ TWO PROCESS OF HISTORICAL CRITICISM

1. External Criticism- determines the physical authenticity of the source.

2. Internal Criticism – determines the historicity of the facts in the document. It looks at the
reliability of an authenticated source after it has been subjected to external criticism
1. It answers the questions: who,what, where, when.

A.factual history

B.speculative history

C.historia

2. Originally, "kasabihan ng mga matatanda" is considered a

A.written source B.non-written source

3. If you want to find out the ''hows' & 'whys' of a past event, you will conduct a

A.factual historical examination B. speculative historical examination

4-5. Name TWO things that you will use as a basis in judging a material as a primary source.

6. Choose the kind of source this image shows.

A.primary source B.secondary source

7. Why is a book review a secondary source?

A.The writer is an eyewitness to what he/she wrote about.

B.The writer wrote it during the time it was written.

C.Book reviews are commentaries and sharing of personal insights to the original piece.

D.Book review writers can be ones who directly experienced the event

8. Data gathered in a research work or thesis is?

A.primary source

B.secondary source

C.tertiary source
9. The documentary "Gintong Pamana: Surigao Treasure" is a _____

A.primary source B.secondary source C.tertiary source

10-15. Expound (explain further) what Kierkegaard said, "Life must be lived forward, but it can only be
understood backward."