CAUSE – EFFECT – SOLUTION ESSAYS

TOPIC 1

(Đề  thi ngày 5/5/2018) These days people in some countries are living in a 'throw-away' society which means
they use things in a short time then throw the things away. What are the causes and the impacts this trend
can have?

TOPIC 2

(Đề  thi ngày 8/4/2018) Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing
companies. To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? What measures can be
taken to protect them?

TOPIC 3

(Đề  thi ngày 1/11/2018) Cycling is more environmentally-friendly than other forms of transport. Why is it not
popular in many places? How to increase its popularity?
TOPIC 4
It is often said that we are living in a world fall of plastic bags and rubbish. Discuss the reasons for this and
suggest how the situation might be improved or resolved.

TOPIC 5: What are the causes of credit card debt?

TOPIC 6: Discuss how people’s childhood experiences influence their lives.

TOPIC 7: How is tourism affecting the country’s economy?

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MORE INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS’ REFERENCE

TOPIC: What are the effects of sudden wealth (such as when a person wins the lottery)?

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TOPIC

The percentage of overweight children in western society has increased by almost 20% in
the last ten years.

Discuss the causes and effects of this disturbing trend.

This particular essay is organized as follows:

Body 1: Causes
Body 2: Effects
Of course it is also possible to have a 3 body paragraph essay. For example:

Body 1: Causes
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Body 2: Causes
Body 3: Effects
Or:

Body 1: Causes
Body 2: Effects
Body 3: Effects
However, remember not to write too little on one part.

For example, if you wrote one very short paragraph about 'causes' with little support and most of
your essay on 'effects', you may then be seen to have not fully answered both parts of the
question.

Another possible way of organizing it is to put each cause and its effect within a separate
paragraph:

Body 1: Cause 1 - Effect

Body 2: Cause 2 - Effect
If you do this though, each particular cause must relate to that specific effect.

Causes and Effects Essay - Model Answer

Over the last ten years, western societies have seen close to a 20% rise in the number of children
who are overweight. This essay will discuss some reasons why this has occurred and examine the
consequences of this worrying trend.

The main cause of this problem is poor diet. Over the last decade there has been a prolific
increase in the number of fast food restaurants. For example, on nearly every high street there is a
MacDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Pizza Hut. The food in these places has been proven to
be very unhealthy, and much of the advertising is targeted at children, thus ensuring that they
constitute the bulk of the customers of these establishments. However, it is not only due to eating
out, but also the type of diet many children have at home. A lot of food consumed is processed
food, especially with regards to ready-made meals which are a quick and easy option for parents
who are working hard.

The effects of this have been and will continue to be very serious. Firstly, there has been a large
increase in health related diseases amongst children, especially diabetes. This debilitating illness
means a child has to be injected with insulin for the rest of their life. Not only this, very overweight
children often experience bullying from other children, which may affect their mental health. The
negative stigma of being overweight may also affect self-esteem.

To sum up, it is evident that there are several causes of obesity amongst children, and a variety of
negative effects. Society must ensure steps are taken to prevent this problem from deteriorating
further.

(275 words)

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HOW to organize the supporting points?

It is possible to organize the supporting points in this way:

 Order of significance: Arrange the details from least to most meaningful;

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  Chronological: Arrange the details in the order of events taking place;
 Categorical: Arrange the details by separating the subject into sections or
categories.

To build logical bridges between various body paragraphs,

introduction, and conclusion, use the offered transition words &
phrases:

Several factors leading to ABC exist … (1st, … 2nd…, Last one, …)

A few reasons for anorexia nervosa exist. The primary one is the forced role modeling d
actresses, singers, and other celebrities.

Three main factors exist, and the initial one is…

This / ABC results in…

ABC may result in XYZ

Introduction: 
General statement: paraphrase đề bài

It is a fact that ....

Thesis statement: trả lời câu hỏi của đề bài - giới thiệu chung chung là có những causes/ effects hay solutions
nào, tuỳ theo câu hỏi của đề bài. 

Effects & Solutions: Although there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences of this trend, societies
can take steps to mitigate these potential problems.

Causes & Effects: This trend is caused by several reasons regarding ... Consequently, there are numerous
negative effects that will arise.

Body: 
(lưu ý độ dài paragraph 1 nên tương đương paragraph 2)

Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành/ diễn dịch nêu ra (các) cause

 Câu topic sentence giới thiệu (các) cause: The cause of various matters of urban life is the
overpopulation in large cities.
 Các câu supporting sentences sau diễn giải hoặc liệt kê thêm ra các causes khác.

Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành nêu ra các effects

 Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái quát các ưu điểm: Several related problems can be
anticipated when..
 Nói về ưu điểm 1: The main issue is that.....  In other words,...
 Nói về ưu điểm 2: Another further pressure will include.....
 Nói về ưu điểm 3: Last but not least,.....

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 Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành nêu ra các solutions

 Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái quát các khuyết điểm: There are several actions that
could be taken to solve the problems.
 Nói về khuyết điểm 1: First,....... It means that ......
 Nói về khuyết điểm 2: A second measure would be..... In particular, ......
 Nói về khuyết điểm 3: Finally,....... For example,...

Conclusion:
Paraphrase thesis statement và nói tóm tắt, tổng quát các cause - effect - solution.

In conclusion, ... is the main reason for ... As a result, the downside would emerge consequently in terms of
{effect 1, 2 & 3}. Nevertheless, there are measures that can be taken to deal with the problems regarding {giải
pháp 1,2,3}.