Name: Score: _______

Class Schedule: Date: _______

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW CHAPTER 19 MICROBIAL DISEASES OF THE SKIN AND WOUNDS

Multiple Choice
C. 1. The epidermis .
a. has an intricate network of blood vessels b. consists of layers of loosely packed cells
c. contains a waterproofing protein d. has a thin layer of fat cells
C. 2. The oily lipid secreted by glands in the dermis is called .
a. keratin b. fat c. sebum d. hyaluronic acid
B. 3. The most severe form of acne is .
a. a blackhead b. cystic acne c. a pimple d. excessive oil production
D. 4. Which of the following is not associated with impetigo?
a. pus-filled vesicles b. erysipelas c. Streptococcus pyogenes d. pyocyanin
B. 5. Which of the following pairs of diseases may be associated with S. pyogenes? a. impetigo and acne

b. erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis c. anthrax and blackheads d. whitlow and papillomas
D. 6. An eschar is . a. painless b. black c. a crusty ulcer
d. All of the above describe an eschar.
A. 7. The opportunistic pathogen often seen in burn victims is .
a. Pseudomonas b. Streptococcus c. Staphylococcus d. Dermacentor
D. 8. Which of the following ascomycetes causes a cutaneous mycosis?
a. Malassezia b. Sporothrix c. Phialophora d. Microsporum
C. 9. A patient has oral lesions that look like salt crystals surrounded by a red halo. What disease is indicated?
a. rubella b. chickenpox c. measles d. erysipelas
A. 10. What was the first disease for which immunization was perfected?
a. smallpox b. polio c. ringworm d. measles
D. 11. Which of the following types of warts are found on the soles of the feet?
a. flat warts b. seed warts c. genital warts d. plantar warts
D. 12. Which of the following is a concern for tissue that does not receive its needed blood supply?
a. ischemia b. necrosis c. gas gangrene d. all of the above
A. 13. Which of the following bacteria can have these virulence factors: coagulase, hyaluronidase, lipase, protein A?
a. Staphylococcus b. Streptococcus c. Bartonella d. Clostridium
C. 14. Which of the following is the vector for leishmaniasis?
a. cat b. ringworm c. sand fly d. tick
C. 15. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by .
a. type III hypersensitivity b. seed warts c. measles virus d. a mite

Matching
Match the disease on the left with the causative pathogen on the right.
_ C. _ 1. Cat scratch disease a) Propionibacterium
_ A,_ 2. Acne b) Malassezia
_ F.__ 3. Spotted fever c) Bartonella
_ N.__ 4. Erysipelas d) Dermatophytes
_ B.___ 5. Pityriasis versicolor e) Variola major
_ D.__ 6. “Ringworm” f) Rickettsia
__E.__ 7. Smallpox g) Simplexvirus
__G.__ 8. Herpes h) Varicella-zoster virus
__K.__ 9. Warts i) Rubivirus
__H.__ 10. Shingles j) Roseolovirus
__I.__ 11. Rubella k) Papillomavirus
__M.__ 12. Measles l) Leishmania
m) Morbillivirus
 n) Streptococcus
Fill in the Blanks

1. As a group, the normal microbial residents of the body make up the microbiota.
2. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is caused by exfoliative toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus.
3. Pyoderma is a contagious skin disease also called impetigo.
4. 4. “Flesh-eating” disease is formally called necrotizing fasciitis.
5. Four types of folliculitis caused by Staphylococcus are pimples,sties, furuncles, and carbuncles.
6. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is transmitted by ticks of the genus dermacentor
7. A single-stranded DNA virus causes erythema infectiosum (also known as fifth disease) in humans.
8. Papillomavirus cause warts.
9. Clostridium perfringens causes most cases of gas gangrene.
10. Most pimples result from infection by bacteria, especially propionibacterium, not from eating chocolate,
drinking soft drinks, or consuming oily foods.

True/False

1. False Vigorous scrubbing of the skin can eliminate microorganisms.

2. False Untreated cat scratch disease is fatal.
3. False A change in diet, such as avoiding greasy food, is highly effective in the treatment of acne.
4. True A number of fungi grow on the epidermal layer of skin, but they rarely become systemic infections.
5. False Koplik’s spots are the lesions of chickenpox.

Short Answer
1) Discuss the pros and cons of using long-term antibiotics to treat acne.
Pro: with treatment acne can be reduced. Treatment w/ Doxycyclin or Benzoyl Peroxide can help diminish
and exfoliate the dead skin cells.
Con: they may encourage the growth of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria

2) Discuss the problems associated with infections in burn victims.

The skin removed in a burn allows for opportunistic infections to grow. Furthermore, surface of burned
areas provides a moist and warm environment for bacteria such as Pseudomona aeruginosa.

3) Considering that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis are ubiquitous and that each
possesses numerous virulence factors, why do they rarely cause disease?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa cannot penetrate the intact structures, cells, and chemical defenses of our skin.
Staphylococcus epidermidis lacks virulent factors of S. aureus, but is an opportunistic pathogen in
immunocompromised pt.

4) What distinguishes the rashes of chickenpox or measles from the rash of Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever rash is only found on soles and palms, whereas chickenpox and measles do
not form there.

5) Maria has patches of black scaly skin on her arm. Her physician suspects that she has Malassezia furfur. What is
the quickest way to confirm this suspicion?
Examine the patient under UV light (malassezia will glow green).

6) Describe four enzymes produced by Staphylococcus, and tell how each contributes to the bacterium’s survival
and pathogenicity.
coagulase: clots blood to allow bacteria to hide in
hyaluronidase: breaks down hyaluronic acid
staphylokinase: dissolves blood clots allowing bacteria to spread
lipase: breaks down fat allowing bacterial growth on skin
 7) In 1955, Staphylococcus infections were effectively treated with penicillin. Why is this not the drug of choice
now?
Most strains of staphylococcus have become resistant to penicillin.

8) Larry has had flulike symptoms for three days accompanied by extreme shooting pains. What pathogen might be
suspected?
streptococcus pygoenes

9) Why are the terms dermatophytosis and ringworm inaccurate choices for the names of the superficial fungal
infections they are associated with?
"phyte" refers to plants, which do not cause the disease. ringworm is caused by a fungus, not a worm.

10) Mrs. Rathbone called the pediatrician concerning her young daughter Rene, who has had a rosy facial rash and
coldlike sniffles for two weeks. What is the most likely cause of Rene’s problem?
erythema infection

VISUALIZE IT!

1. Label each lesion seen in poxvirus infections.

Macule Papule Vesicle

Pustule Crust Scar

2. Label the lesions of human herpesvirus occurring at each location.

Ocular herpes

Fever blisters

Genital herpes
Whitlow

3. Name the skin disease shown in each photo.

Chickenpox shingles

Oral herpes whitlow

Using the following terms, fill in this concept map that describes human herpesvirus.

Simplexvirus

Acyclovir

Latency Polyhedral capsid

Recurrences Envelope

Human herpesvirus

Oral herpes Gingivostomatitis Ocular herpes Herpetic herpes Genital herpes

Life-threatening
Fever blisters