FICHTNER Consulting Engineers (India)

Private Limited, (FI) Chennai

VENDOR DRAWING REVIEW STATUS

Action - 1 : Approved

Action - 2 : Approved except as noted on drawing. Revise

drawing and resubmit for records.

Action - 3 : Returned with comments. Resubmit for approval

Action - 4 : Not approved. Resubmit for review

Information noted. Retained for reference and records

This document has been reviewed as noted with regard to general conformity
with the Contract specifications and requirements. The Vendor / Contractor is
responsible for correctness of design calculation and details. Approval of this
document does not relieve the Vendor / Contractor of his responsibility in
carrying out the work correctly and fulfilling the complete requirements of the
contract nor does it limit the purchaser's rights under the contract.
FI Letter Ref.No. Date
CNT 2310710001/E9/6263 dt 14.12.10

Signature Initials AE
 DOCUMENT NO. :
CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 1 of 16

1.0 SCOPE :
This document covers the following :
 CT parameters calculations for :-
 CTs of Generator Neutral & Line side.
 CTs on GT HV side having interface with GRP.
 CTs on GT HV neutral side.
 CTs on GT LV side.
 CTs on UT HV side.
 CTs on UT LV neutral side.
 CTs on UT LV side having interface with GRP.
 VT parameters calculations for :-
 VTs on Generator line side.
 IVT parameters calculations for
 Generator Inter turn fault relay (64GlT)
 110 V AC auxiliary supply to 20 Hz Generator

2.0 REFERENCE DRAWING :

DRAWING TITLE : SLD for Generator, GT & UT Metering and Protection.
DRAWING NO. : PE-DG-348-510-E001

3.0 LEGEND :
CT : Current transformer
I : Relay rated current
IVT : Interposing voltage transformer
Ie : Excitation current
If : CT secondary current corresponding to fault current
L : Length of cable between CT and relay
RL : One way lead resistance between CT and relay
Rct : Resistance of secondary winding of main CT
Vk : Knee point voltage
VT : Voltage transformer
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
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4.1 MAIN EQUIPMENT DETAILS

(I) GENERATOR :
Rated Output : 600 MW
Rated Voltage : 21 KV
Subtransient reactance (Xd’’) (saturated) : 17.8%

Voltage variation : ± 5%
Rated power factor : 0.85 LAG

(II) GENERATOR TRANSFORMER :

Rating : 3 single-phase units of 240 MVA each.
Percentage Impedance [Tentative] : 14.5% at 240 MVA base
Voltage ratio : (420/√3)/21KV

(III) UNIT TRANSFORMERS :

Rating : 31.5 MVA
Percentage Impedance [Tentative] : 10 %
Voltage ratio : 21/11.5KV

4.2 CONTROL CABLE DETAILS

Material : Copper
Size : 2.5 mm2
Resistance of conductor : 8.87 /kM (for 2.5 mm2 cable)

5.0 CTs PARAMETER CALCULATIONS

5.1 CTs Ratio On Gen Neutral & Phase Side :
Generator current at normal operating voltage
600  1000
IGnormal =
3  21x 0.85
= 19407.3A

Generator current at minimum continuous operating voltage

(i.e. at 95% of normal voltage)
600  1000
IGmax =
3  21x0.85  0.95
= 20428.7A

Hence CT ratio for CTs located on generator neutral side and phase side
for protection, metering, load transducers and AVR is selected as 22000/5 A
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 3 of 16

For the purpose of calculation, distance from GRP to Gen Busduct CTs marshalling box, L is taken as

175M
 Lead Resistance, RL = 8.87 x 0.175
= 1.55 ohm
Hence ,
Lead Burden = 52 x 1.55 VA
= 38.8 VA
Lead Burden (for 2 cores) = 19.4 VA

5.1.1 CTs ON GEN. NEUTRAL SIDE

CT 1 : For Overall differential protection (87OA)
CT 2 : For ‘Load transducer’ & ‘Performance testing’
CT 3 : For composite generator protection relay ‘GR1’
CT 4 : For composite generator protection relay ‘GR2’
CT9 : For 100% stator E/F Protection (64G3)

CT 1 :
Vk  50I (Rct + 2 RL)
Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 5A
Vk  50 x 5 (Rct + 2 x 1.55 /2)
[2 cores of 2.5mm2 cable]
Vk  250Rct + 387.5 V
Ie  150mA at Vk/2

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 1 :

CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  250Rct + 400 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150mA at Vk/2
 DOCUMENT NO. :
CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 4 of 16

CT 2 :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
Ammeter (*) 3.0
Wattmeter (*) 5.0
VARmeter (*) 5.0
PFmeter (*) 5.0
KWHmeter (*) 5.0
Load Transducer 0.5
Lead burden [2 cores of 2.5 mm² cable] 19.4
Total Burden 42.9

* : Performance testing meter

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 2 :

CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.2
BURDEN : 60 VA
I.S.F. : ≤ 5.0

CT 3 & CT 4 :
600 1000
Maximum through fault current of generator =
3  21 0.85  0.178  0.85
= 128270.3 A
128270.3  5
If =
21000
= 30.54 A
Vk  5If (Rct + 2 RL)
Vk  5 x 30.54 (Rct + 2 x 1.55/2)
[2 cores of 2.5 mm2 cable]
Vk  152.7Rct + 236.685 V
Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 5A
Ie  150mA at Vk/2
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
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PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
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SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 3 & CT 4 :

CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  160Rct + 250 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150mA at Vk/2

CT 9:
PARAMETER TO BE FINALISED LATER AFTER RECEIPT OF NGR RATING FROM CUSTOMER.
5.1.2 CTs ON GEN. PHASE SIDE
CT 5 : For composite generator protection relay ‘GR1’
CT 6 : For composite generator protection relay ‘GR2’
CT 7 : For Load transducer, Load shedding relay and AVR
CT 8 : For ‘Metering’, Load transducer & AVR.
CT 5/CT 6 :
Particulars shall be similar to CT 3/CT 4

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 5 & CT 6:

CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  160Rct + 250 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150mA at Vk/2

CT 7 :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
AVR 20.0
Load transducer 0.5
Load shedding relay 0.85
Lead burden [2 cores of 2.5 mm² cable] 19.4
Total burden 40.75
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 7 :
CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.2
BURDEN : 60 VA
I.S.F. : ≤ 5.0
 DOCUMENT NO. :
CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 6 of 16

CT 8 :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
MWH/MVARH meter 1.0
Current transducer (3 Nos.) 0.2 x 3 =0.6
Watt transducer (1 Nos.) 0.5
VAR transducer (1 Nos.) 0.5
PF transducer 0.6
Load transducer 0.5
AVR 20.0
Lead burden [2 cores of 2.5 mm² cable] 19.4
Total Burden 43.1

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 8 :

CT RATIO : 22000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.2
BURDEN : 60 VA
I.S.F. : ≤ 5.0

5.2.0 CTs ON GT LV SIDE

240 x 1000
Phase Current on GT LV side = A
21
= 11428.57 A
Hence CT ratio for CTs located on GT LV line side for protection is selected as 12500/5
A.

For the purpose of calculations, Distance from GRP to GT M.Box,

L = 230M
 Lead Resistane, RL = 8.87 x 0.23
= 2.04 ohms
5.2.1 CTs on GT LV line Side:
CT 10 : For GT differential Protection (87GT)
CT 11 : For GT differential Protection (87GT)

CT10/ CT11 :
Vk  50I (Rct + 2 RL)
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PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 7 of 16

Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 5A
Vk  50 x 5 (Rct + 2 x 2.04 /2)
[2 cores of 2.5mm2 cable]
Vk  250Rct + 510 V
Ie  150mA at Vk/2
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 10/ CT11 :
CT RATIO : 12500/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE : 250Rct + 550 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150 mA at Vk/2

5.3.0 CTs ON GT HV SIDE

3 x 240 x 1000
Current on GT HV side =
3x420
= 989.77 A
Hence CT ratio for CTs located on GT HV neutral side and GT HV line side for protection
is selected as 1200/1 A and 1200/5 A respectively.

For the purpose of calculations, Distance from GRP to GT M.Box,

L = 230M
 Lead Resistane, RL = 8.87 x 0.23
= 2.04 ohms
Hence,
Lead burden = 12 x RL
= 2.04 VA
5.3.1 CTs on GT HV Neutral Side:
CT 12 (CORE-1) : For GT HV side Backup Earth Fault Protection (51NGT)
CT 12 (CORE-2) : For GT HV & overhead line differential Protection (87HV)
CT 12 (CORE-1) :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
51 NGT 0.30
Lead burden( 2.5 mm² cable) 2.04
Total Burden 2.34
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 12 (CORE – 1):
CT RATIO : 1200/1 A
 DOCUMENT NO. :
CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 8 of 16

ACCURACY CLASS : 5P20

BURDEN : 15 VA
CT 12 (CORE-2) :
720 1000
Maximum through fault current on HV side of GT =
3  420  0.95  0.145
= 7185.28 A
7185.28 1
 Fault on secondary side of CT, If =
1000
If = 7.185 A
Knee point voltage, Vk  2If (Rct + 2RL)
Vk  2 x 7.2 (Rct + 2x 2.04)
(2.5 mm² cable)

Vk  14.4 Rct + 58.75 V

Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
CT sec. current , I = 1A
 Ie  30mA at Vk/2

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 12 (CORE-2) :

CT RATIO : 1200/1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  20 Rct + 100 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  30 mA at Vk/2

5.3.2 CTs on GT HV line Side :

CT 13 : For GT differential protection (87GT)

CT 13 :
Vk  50I (Rct + 2 RL)
Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 5A
Vk  50 x 5 (Rct + 2 x 2.04 /2)
2
[2 cores of 2.5mm cable]
Vk  250Rct + 510 V
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
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Ie  150mA at Vk/2

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 13 :

CT RATIO : 1200/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE : 250Rct + 550 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150 mA at Vk/2

CT 14(CORE-1) : For Overall differential protection (87OA) to be covered in 400kV switchyard

document [customer scope] documents.
CT 14(CORE-2) : For GT HV & overhead line differential protection (87HV) to be covered in
400kV switchyard document [customer scope] documents.

5.4.0 CTs FOR UT #1A/2A & UT #1B/2B

5.4.1 CTs on UT #1A/2A & UT #1B/2B HV Line side :-
CT15A/ CT15B : For UT Differential Protection (87UTA / 87UTB)
CT16A/ CT16B : For UT HV Over Current Protection (51UTA / 51UTB)
CT17A/ CT17B : Overall differential protection (87OA)
31.5 x 1000
Current on UT HV side =
3x21
= 866.05 A [At normal voltage]
Hence CT ratio for CTs located on UT HV side for protection is selected as 1000/1 A.
For the purpose of calculations, Distance from GRP to UTs Tap Off Busduct CT marshalling box
is taken as 210m.
L = 210M
 Lead Resistance, RL = 8.87 x 0.21
= 1.86 ohm
Hence, Lead burden = I2 x RL
= 12 x 1.86
= 1.86 VA
CT 15A & CT 15B:
Vk  40 I (Rct + 2 RL)
Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 1A
Vk  40 x 1 (Rct + 2 x 1.86)
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
GENERATOR, GT AND UT METERING AND REV NO. : 01
PROTECTION DATE : 28/10/10
SHEET : 10 of 16

[2.5 mm2 cable]

 Vk  40Rct + 148.8 V
Ie  30mA at Vk/2
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 15A & CT 15B :
CT RATIO : 1000 / 1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  40Rct + 200 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  30mA at Vk/2

CT 16A & CT 16B :

Source of burden Burden (in VA)
51UT 0.3
Lead burden [2.5 mm² cable] 1.86
Total Burden 2.16
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT16A & CT 16B :
CT RATIO : 1000/1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : 5P20
BURDEN : 15VA

CT17A/ CT17B :

Praticular shall be similar to CT1:

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 17A/17B :
CT RATIO : 21000/5 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  250Rct + 400 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  150mA at Vk/2

5.4.2 CTS ON UT LV SIDE:

31.5 x 1000
Current on UT LV side =
3x11.5
= 1581.48 A
Hence CT ratio for CTs located on UT LV side for protection is selected as 2000/1 A.

5.4.2.1 CTs on UT LV Neutral side:

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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
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NOTE: FOR CALCUALTION PURPOSE, NGR RATING IS CONSIDRED AS 300A FOR 10

SEC. CUSTOMER TO CONFIRM.
CT18A/ CT18B (CORE - 1) : For UT LV Backup Earth Fault Protection (51NUTA / 51NUTB)
CT18A/ CT18B (CORE - 2) : For UT Restricted Earth Fault Protection (64RUTA / 64RUTB)
Max. distance from GRP to UT MB = 210M
 Lead Resistane, RL = 8.87 x 0.21
= 1.86
Hence, Lead burden = I2 x RL
= 12 x 1.86
= 1.86 VA
CT 18A & CT18B (CORE-1) :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
51NUT 0.3
Lead burden [2.5 mm² cable] 1.86
Total Burden 2.16
NGR is rated for maximum E/F current of 300 A.

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 18A & 18B (CORE-1) :

CT RATIO : 300 / 1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : 5P20
BURDEN : 15 VA

CT 18A & CT 18B (CORE-2) :

31.5 1000
Maximum through fault current on LV side of UT =
3 11.5  0.10  0.9
= 17572 A
17572 1
 Fault on secondary side of CT, If =
2000
If = 8.78 A
Knee point voltage, Vk  2If (Rct + 2RL )
Vk  2 x 8.78(Rct + 2 x 1.86)
[ 2.5 mm2 cable]
Vk  17.56Rct + 65.32 V
Magnetising current , Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
CT sec. current , I = 1A
 Ie  30mA at Vk/2
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SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 18A & 18B (CORE-2) :

CT RATIO : 2000 / 1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  20Rct + 100 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  30mA at Vk/2
5.3.2.2 CTs on UT LV Line side:
CT19A/ CT19B (CORE-1) : For UT Restricted Earth Fault Protection (64RUTA / 64RUTB)
CT19A/ CT19B (CORE-2) : For UT Differential Protection (87UTA / 87UTB)
Average Distance from GRP to Unit Switchgear I/C Busduct CT marshalling box
= 90 M
 Lead Resistane, RL = 8.87 x 0.09
= 0.8 ohm
CT19A/ CT19B (CORE-1) :
Particulars shall be similar to CT 18A/CT18B (CORE-2) i.e.
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 20A & 20B (CORE-1) :
CT RATIO : 2000 / 1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  20Rct + 100 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  30mA at Vk/2

CT19A/ CT19B (CORE-2) :

Vk  40 I (Rct + 2 RL)
Ie  0.03 I at Vk/2
I = 1A
Vk  40 x 1 (Rct + 2 x 0.8/2)
[2 cores of 2.5 mm2 cable]
 Vk  40Rct + 32 V
Ie  30mA at Vk/2
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR CT 20A & CT 20B (CORE-2) :
CT RATIO : 2000 / 1 A
ACCURACY CLASS : PS
KNEE POINT VOLTAGE :  40Rct + 50 V
MAGNETISING CURRENT :  30mA at Vk/2
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CT & VT CALCULATIONS FOR PE-DC-348-510-E003
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6.0.0 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER PARAMETER CALCULATIONS

VT 1 : For Gen. Protection, AVR, Frequency Transducer, Load transducer & Load
shedding relay.
VT 2 : For Gen. Protection, AVR, Load transducer & gen. Synchronising.
VT 3 : For metering, performance testing & Load transducer.

Primary connection : Star

Secondary connection : Star
21000
Primary voltage : V
3
110
Secondary voltage : V
3

21000 110
VT ratio : V
3 3
VT 1:
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
60VT1 11.0
AVR 20.0
Frequency transducer 3.00
Load transducer 0.13
Load shedding relay 2.1
GR1 0.3
Total Burden 36.53
Lead burden is negligible for VT

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR VT 1 :

21000 110
VT RATIO : V
3 3
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.5/3P
BURDEN : 100 VA
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VT 2 :
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
60VT2 11.0
AVR 20.0
Load transducer 0.125
Voltage transducer for incoming voltage(*) 0.22
Frequency transducer for incoming 3.0
frequency(*)
Synchroscope(*) 6.0
GR2 0.3
Total Burden 40.645
Lead burden is negligible for VT
* synchronising equipment
SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR VT 2 :
21000 110
VT RATIO : V
3 3
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.5/3P
BURDEN : 100 VA

VT 3:
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Source of burden Burden (in VA)

60VT3 11.0
MWH/MVARH meter 2.0
Transducer for VAR 0.22
Transducer for Watt 0.22
Transducer for PF meter 2.5
Transducer for Frequency 3.0 x 2 = 6.0
Transducer for Voltmeter (2 Nos.) 0.22 X 2 = 0.66
Load transducer 0.125
AVR 20.0
Wattmeter (*) 5.0
Varmeter (*) 7.5
PFmeter (*) 5.0
KWH meter (*) 7.5
Total Burden 62.325
* Performance testing meter
Lead burden is negligible for VT

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR VT 3 :

21000 110
VT RATIO : V
3 3
ACCURACY CLASS : 0.2
BURDEN : 100 VA

7.0.0 INTERPOSING VTs PARAMETER CALCULATIONS

IVT 1 : For Gen. Interturn fault protection (64GIT)
IVT 2 : For 110V AC auxiliary supply to 20Hz Generator

IVT1
Primary connection : Star
Secondary connection : Open delta

Under fault condition, 64GIT should get no voltage. NGT secondary and open delta
secondary of IVT1should give equal and opposite voltages.
NGT ratio is 21kV/240V, i.e. it gives an output of 240/√3 for a single line to earth
fault. to get 240 /√3 V, IVT1 secondary rating shall be (240 /√3) / 3 V.

IVT Primary voltage : (110/√3) V

IVT ratio : (110/√3) / (80/√3) V
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SHEET : 16 of 16

Source burden Burden (in VA)

64GIT 0.3
Total Burden 0.3
SELECTED BURDEN 15 VA

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR IVT 1 :

110 80
IVT RATIO : V
3 3
ACCURACY CLASS : 3P
BURDEN : 15 VA

IVT 2 :
Primary connection : Star
Secondary connection : star
415
Primary voltage : V
3
110
Secondary voltage : V
3
415 110
IVT ratio : /
3 3
Source of burden Burden (in VA)
20 Hz Generator 45.0
Total Burden 45.0

SELECTED PARAMETERS FOR IVT 2 :

415 110
VT RATIO : / V
3 3
ACCURACY CLASS : 1.0
BURDEN : 100 VA