ChemS ClassS XI|

Biomolecule.
--Cansohy) nates :Toyhydnoay aldey des or polyhydrory Ketenes on opouS DL
carboby) ndtes classii as
Hpnosac eh asds sinplst connat qroly s Ju«t, sweet Manno
go5acchami ds2- to mnmers (Mendsaeai)e on by)royaic fq Suc0 melte
e
9osac chani Des ou yoly sis iv es lange ns. mnasacchamDes fa ellu lo se i

Anomers Soun al ASDme7s

star
wlil 2 on
ch
anoU c1 alem a clle Onbmers
mattiow
se B-D
Epimers . Pain op cal aowl
c n
iomtes whu'tdfer i g malev
c2pi
m
he
mevs
'othe 1 ane
al cale ies. Ea te
CHO CHO a hoMSucno se
H-C oH
HO--H )Frem stanch (G,4 atm
H--OH Ho-CH o elllesa 313K 2-3

H-C-0H
oH u Co se

CH OH
-on
n,o c) fom Maltese: G2% * Ho
CH
u tose
esstwdw MaMnose stvatue CHo-CHoH-cHH

a
s
eht
luu ddim vise
hsical T (Tepeshes

M
3hewS
CHO
HI
7 CCC4CH-cH-cH
n- ke x omnR
S 1'kedineary
-c-H shosp Cope
ar
OH ha
Ho-e1 hain etwe)
um

CN
H- C- O CCHOH)y enshy
rk

HOH shows_Ha pvesomce

iga

cyon CH=NOH + H 0 CHo group (ocs).

J

CCHOH
Dr

D Fehlings
crsp
chos Wat doto
by

COONa
+Ca 0 t
30
red

CCHOH)4

Toll n's oH
Red
t
epa

nagutE shows Hhat qluwe

suyo
Pr

CoO NH
cHOH+2Ag +3NH +Ho Aaedvun
eny silve
Hydvazige
HC=NNHGH Hc=NNHGM
HC=NNHCH
C-
CHOM
GHHM #opheny H
LCH OH) CCHOH) HaineceneH)
- NH2

G wsee o w w se o5agb7
fwt H Samn
C Fwto ceosone
othe Reach duo CPesme ing 3tvtuve)
GlvwLe
H-0-Hz C H Cluw does
2 do cs
nou
dry HC HO-C-H H--1 Sehil's test Sodium b
H- C- 4
MA wit
1-C-011 spila 4 NH. fentaacd,|
athyl- yD xyl os' thet slos
-gluwsida ny+-a gi
sene 4-CHO 9P
sheus a pits me 1.5
J2 om Mers e stNvtune.
 CY¢c lu a ontn neYesntationv Page 1 of 4
H-[o yyan -D-) -Glvuyycunus
H-H H C-O
HO-
0H-c-i1
H- o
- CHoHA
D-C+)-
H--oH
CHoH
Glvcopy7anDs D¢Dqlusos
H
4-C
, Coly

6D) tpywp &e

se
Ho
-bnth pojetion
D-(+) klucupyqndse OH
-Cyclie stvuctue Yucto tan
to- cHOH CLO HoHC c-oH -D-(-)tvulouvane se -D-)vuddurana
ud-C H HO- C funan
H-CoH HoHC
CHOH HoHC oH
- H--oH H-c 0OH

HOH
4--H H-e OH o/enoH
oH CHoH
H

-D (-) bxuctogumanese D(- -D--butouvanee OH OH

Gycosi dic inkonge the oxide linKage ormea by He loss vatr molecude en two
mo nos aeehau usan oinmd oyg atom As called qlyosidic linKag
*SucOse Cinvevt sya): c Hawo nth Projectio
Surose is a non-nuing bez H o cHOH CHoH
He two no nosazhaibe vnils ane
H oR No H
ald to1hu by a gy casi ie bond toHC

a
eht
Sin h Ho
LHA ie clycostdi

M
H

citLOH
choH
S - D -Glucose
bo

Sucnose
nd
B- D -
fvtoce
C4
ar
C1
Matose two q- D glv wse nis T
um

COnposed CHOH
we ce q owe qldose is bo H-O
rk

t Ca anoth gusse Units HoH

K
iga

The taee aldekyde e

szeo uo H-OH
J

Provced at
an ' "t
OH
ci
Dr

OH
Soutim show nedu -H H

a- D-Cluos D aluw s
by

Sng a CHOH Maltose

Lactose'cMiIK 'suga): c
red

H
J topose B-D Ho CHoH
epa

H- oH
oH
etoeen
Pr

Tha lnXage is Ho

c4
HA OH

Galatos ose -Boypn Guivs-D-

Lact
staneh: It is a polym aguio sunbymched ad consss9 twe tonpots Amylose 4-Aylepectir
ehaiu polymt colui 200 -1o00 ad-D
ylose wal solubonponet. lag
ucse vaits kela
es by gyosI dCMKages involvi C1-c40 q'y cosidic unlage
JT ceustitut polym hbot is-2o f. sth.tmybpeati dates i'nsoluble dponet
bnan
oce ws ed
ehon
by cl-<6
Jt yorns' cdain by t-c+ gytosidic ink
gfe sidie nkaga. Jt constdte so-gs 4 star
heacas bmnthing .
*Cellule se t occns exclusivel plants Jt iu a sthaigt eham y sacchauole
CD se oh ADgv oce Vit: ehied are joined b ayeoidie"Unknge
betueen cio gco io vnit g ct ha next alu cw Se Unt.
Gy cog en The cab oby daates ane stored in anima body as gy cogea
Jt is also
te Aylepe cti IE
no
as oi ual stavehL bccamse its stwetune & sinular
pAeset ive, mscles ans ba oun
oet Hhe bed neess awo
CM3ymes brak ay eog e alown lo lo cose
euu eunbsen Suevose alvwse frvdese Jallose clvo "lvoe, lactose alactoca
 Page 2 of 4
LASST2, CHEMISTRY . Bi0MULECULES-I
ae atis toataun ami no -NH)
Hi at canboxyll-cooH)vncional 4eup.R N
MaStnatumally octr
ain
ypeYpes amiao au Esseafial aulu hae Lwigmatin.
(EAA) E Nen-£ss.lEAA)
CooH
cac Cook
0oH R-
CAandot H N
FAA- be
sythesige) in bo. ottaine)
NEAA:-Can be sytksuge) n
bo?yEg
t leua.
Je Valire,
[D1
Zwiller Lon àa bekane like 'sats lyue, Alarine
CLT
tan
nth impl amnen os
adskis hekavism is e to -Ika pvesuw Lotot
basic laain- N') gvuns an audic EcooH) a
sa melecule Jn aqom Aoluwhen
Cuby
gvi i
o to Ealoce a
a ipolan n
evoto and amo Ca accept a proo
Kown a zuiltte ion. Tus iu nutialL but ota
CMAYAs. Her iorie kon, amno auu
shodm teic VLhaviowrahy zwi
show
Atact Lott
R-¢H--oH R-eH-- lectao uHAbpH at sliS h Ha
nie_ppithe
AHCzwiter on pda ion eriut a nethal io
doarot
otei :
P01ene ane he polyMers ai grale t uitey detuode catthoe ov anoe
-amno auds anl ay a tonnest oher y a pph boa. Potein
polypepli de nith auDaedHA uny1) a-a. udues, Lavia mo. Mas >teoo0

a
is

eht
>Tepli luinKage: Jt is an orm
amle inkage by
ed akin Mztien bju
M
-cooH p ove ane au? H S7PA anshera.a.
HN-CHcooH HN-¢H-C0oH
BN-CH CH-o TEPTIDE 0H
ar
NKAGEE
um

umaxy Stvduue protein The sequene Q aa Saulto be Tshw due

rk

shde _pAstéins; JlAdevs ta prsten

te _chkpe
in olitk
iga

lorg polap phBe

-lix veahy Dyws lig 145)exists en VR-Grsue is
chai'un rit.
lmge
J

Vadjacentun
Dr

B lix kas apptoxnately H lix A Khson a 3.613 kolisine eah

hurn
3.6 a.a
by

hde bords aeMebe

He 9ttdr hon) is
trans to ea oher Jon t-bo
6- sheet: eksts ke Raup
red

iv Smal In all peptu)e

iu CerimAtio
torkiMAta
epa

chans aAe slnetekes

e au
out t eay Maxi mUM
eanly MAxI UM ezteas
bside ndel
i a eld in.l H l
Pr

stvdue healypude (2 srwdu)

pes 9 dP skik stebilizes
stebilizes
set briDge Ccod-+h NH), Hropko
Pes korP aki sst L
sstDisulphlle g Bge
dsLs H bend(c-o.H-
bic nlevaikiens yam)er saals tovees.
harok protei hbaus Qunztiy al) Gubule Lstvhunl )
folyp plide chains,un, paralle4 |) Polypptde choi coil amd
tog
b)bre,
sualy
by
Like
H bod sulphi de bond b)Sph
sructue
insoluble i
Lorde

Sate
.o ial shape
eaical shap
e) sual solle i water.
d)Eausles : Kehatn Myosin Tnswuin
4) xanyoles Mbumins f
-uaternary tuctue
-ustenla Proteus Ooe i profeins ne CenposeA
uv oAshe ans ut
polyplidD Tod as su-vnits. e spatial
alAagement o 4se subunis wik'avspecl- 6 Kw as 4 str each other is
Dnatuata o_pseis heke loss 4 bia logi col adivi 4 eins isker
pad
"protein
protei i he fo, u sulackeO6 physcal ckogey n tenp or
Aemi cal chane uk chag, in p.his
coagulatin
iA
cald Deuataai a
proten. Eenples: a g ia boilkrg, Cun?na mlK.
 CAEM14TPY BI0MOLECULE CJL
Ann A Page 3 of 4
NUCLICACD AMIS
1. Nueeol ole Bare r SugNucleie
nPhosphala, 2. ludeogi de, Base + Sg a o
)-Ho- Auide
Lbng ehau polynmty
ro 0
nodeolis poly nu).alhdu)
Nutoli dex ane oned hy
hespho di- eslen un kago 1/g a
NA
Deoxyuibonvltie
s 3 andsom pestu ag (RN
1 Kah doulle sla)
Aud. Kil o-nveic
- Kils Asstvan).sa-halis
a ls
Thaa a aingle
svtne n li ch -hwosfron) aan

Suga'p4eadt
BalsPuntnes
y
-
Coledspi aally A

ene
is
oppos le diAeelion
i
pmuul in -D ibo
(a Y Guani'elt). Bans: Pune hasesAdeinu
MAddie: 7hpndne (r) 4 Cqto.sine LO
alutwe
2deovynibose .ug
o
uous
Pyinu ta Lasu Unaull){ Gtusn.
bccun MaiklA -he qudeus e occns Mu plasm ill
Kesp onatb le
6to hdys prot sykedis,
heni l0ny chkacdu.
oUBL HLIX STRUCTURE 0F DN A

a
eht
Tt i Cpoe ught kand hlical polynvdeside chains wile
opPusileD dineclion aro
M
Apinall n ha Same Cata ais opp
Twe 1cven an ailiparnll el lphosphoti.cat ev Lnkag wns in iaeiuor.)
S
Bakes one stacll e) wsi de hu li'x plou es 1 to Jleal axis.
ar
Two ras ame togethev b, H- bandk CA =T, &=c)
um

STw sfvas oana Con leetan lo ta oKea hecau he H hos anw

rk

one Letwee
iga

yo Dhuina toa
1deina
J

Diametea 9ola Kli'r is nmo

Dr

3.4 nm (Dhe wnplela Jwrn

).
>Doulle kol ep calk al inteValh a lt+T),
L14imi Di
_pyaii 2i lC+T).
by

TotolL umM DU M ow'na C )Tolal

Vtamih Cvital-anune
red

0g oc
speii'e Liollaiea Jund dios JuY nimal maintman u
epa

u pphmUMrou
HTERouuBLe yirtmins CB4)} FAT SoLuRLE P vinMiNs ADEK)
Pr

>These ne Alulle n waler

a
Solusle fat f oile but tvlusl ia ho i

Mwsl Sppi'a gulan

he suPpi i sfpn i iv os ap osa
iet lecamse onaoi sq) issue
exnek 4 comnot L u'n lei
(ercepF viF B/2) in ouu Lo
stoned Trpovtautyilum'4Hii dafid u en
Name Vilami 'Chuieal Name Deiu'mcy Dis eass-
Vitana A Reli ho XeophAhalnmia & ght bundness gnuh
Vitam TAiamihe Beri Beni Closs o ingev dandid
skin buraing Senalio-
Vitpummi'n 2 Riohlavi cheilosis, digeakue lis rDers
Vitammin iad fellagna
Vilani 3 Pamdofhenie dud Hendads, Feligee, iilabihij, stomack paissk
Vilamni' Iy nidoxn Convulstom
vitamu' 12 CyamD(obalanmiKe Pens ctos Aneuia [ret deki mt i Rb)
itau C Asconbic id SCuv Blee edirg gVm)
RicKeta in ahildrenbstconalatin lin adnly
ilamAi D Calienol fustle veatness fStinilitp
iomn Jeveat
Mais
gl rL,
2,
darvesion,
VHamnu - olin
Bi llhangy,on
hlood lo lhing line'7mtveasc
K Phy!louin0nd T ternal Henm onnhage (
latd