Exercise(L6-Physical and chemical changes)

Q1- Classify the changes involved in the following process as physical and chemical
changes
a Photosynthesis: Chemical change
b)Dissolving sugar in water: Physical change
c)Burning of coal: Chemical change
d)Melting of wax: Physical change
e)Beating aluminium into aluminium foil-Physical change
f)Digestion of food: Chemical change

Q2-State whether the following statements are true or false .In case a statement is
false.Write the correct statement in the notebook.
a)Cutting of log of wood into pieces is a chemical change.(True/False)
Ans-False.The cutting of log of wood is a physical change.
b)Formation of manure from leaves is a physical change.(True or false)
Ans-False-Formation of manure from leaves is a chemical change.
c)Iron pipes coated with zinc do not get rusted easily.(True/False)
Ans -True
d)Iron and rust are the same substances.(True/False)
Ans-False : Iron and rust are the different substances.
e)Condensation of steam is not a chemical change.(True/False)

Q.4. When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the
evolution of a gas. What type of change is it? Explain.

Ans. The reaction between baking soda and lemon juice can be given as below:

Lemon juice + Baking soda ————-> C02 (bubbles) + Other substances

(Citric acid) (Sodium hydrogen carbonate) (Carbon dioxide)

It is a chemical change

Q5-Q.5. When a candle burns, both physical and chemical changes take place. Identify
these changes. Give another example of a familiar process in which both the chemical
and physical changes take place.

Ans. When a candle burns, both physical and chemical changes occur:
(i) Physical change: melting of wax, vapourisation of melted wax.

(ii) Chemical change: Burning of vapours of wax to give carbon dioxide, heat and light.

LPG is another example in which physical change occurs when LPG comes out of
cylinder and is converted from liquid to gaseous state and a chemical change occurs
when gas burns in air.

Q.3.Fill in the blanks in the following statements:

(a) When carbon dioxide is passed through lime water, it turns milky due to the
formation of .

(b) The chemical name of baking soda is .

(c) Two methods by which rusting of iron can be prevented are __________ and
__________

(d) Changes in which only ____________ properties of a substance change are called
physical changes.

(e) Changes in which new substances are formed are called _____________ changes..

Ans. (a)calcium carbonate

(b) sodium hydrogen carbonate

(c) painting or greasing, galvanisation

(d) physical

(e) chemical

Q.4. When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the
evolution of a gas. What type of change is it? Explain.
Ans. The reaction between baking soda and lemon juice can be given as below:

Lemon juice + Baking soda ————-> C02 (bubbles) + Other substances

(Citric acid) (Sodium hydrogen carbonate) (Carbon dioxide)

It is a chemical change

Q.5. When a candle burns, both physical and chemical changes take place. Identify
these changes. Give another example of a familiar process in which both the chemical
and physical changes take place.

Ans. When a candle burns, both physical and chemical changes occur:

(i) Physical change: melting of wax, vapourisation of melted wax.

(ii) Chemical change: Burning of vapours of wax to give carbon dioxide, heat and light.

LPG is another example in which physical change occurs when LPG comes out of
cylinder and is converted from liquid to gaseous state and a chemical change occurs
when gas burns in air.

Q.6. How would you show that setting of a curd is a chemical change?

Ans. We can say that setting of curd is a chemical change because we can not get the
original substance, i.e., milk back and a new substance lactic acid is formed in the curd
with different taste, smell and other chemical properties
Q.7. Explain why burning of wood and cutting it into small pieces are considered as
two different types of changes. ~

Ans. Burning of wood is a chemical change because in burning new substances are
formed as

Wood + Oxygen ———–> Charcoal + Carbon dioxide + Heat + Light

But cutting it into small pieces is a physical change because no new substance is
formed. We can only reduce the size of wood.

Q.8. Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared.

Ans. Take a cupful of water in a beaker and add a few drops of dilute sulphuric acid.
Heat the water. When it starts boiling, add copper sulphate powder slowly. Continue to
add copper sulphate powder till no more powder can be dissolved. .During this process
continuously stir the solution. Filter the solution. Leave it for cooling. Look at it after
some time, you can see the crystals of copper sulphate.

-Q.9. Explain how painting of an iron gate prevents it from rusting?

Ans. It is known that for rusting the presence of oxygen and moisture is essential.
Painting prevents the iron gate from coming in contact with oxygen and moisture.

Q.10. Explain why rusting of iron objects is faster in coastal areas than in deserts.

Ans. As content of moisture in the air in coastal areas is higher than in the air in deserts.
So, the process of rusting is faster in coastal areas.

Q.11. The gas we use in the kitchen is called liquified petroleum gas (LPG). In the
cylinder it exists as a liquid. When it comes out from the cylinder it becomes a gas
(Change- A) then it bums (Change-B). The following statements pertain to these
changes. Choose the correct one.

(i) Process-A is a chemical change.

(ii) Process-B is a chemical change.

(iii) Both processes A and B are chemical changes.

(iv) None of these processes is a chemical change.

Ans. (ii) Process-B is a chemical change.

Q.12.Anaerobic bacteria digest animal waste and produce biogas (Change-A). The
biogas is then burnt as fuel (Change-B). The following statements pertain to these
changes. Choose the correct one.

(i) Process-A is a chemical change.

(ii) Process-B is a chemical change.

(iii) Both processes A and B are chemical changes.

(iv) None of these processes is a chemical change.

Ans.(iii) Both processes A and B are chemical chang

Extra questions

Question 1Name the metal which is used for galvanising iron.

Answer:Zinc metal is used for galvanising iron.

Question 2.Name the metals which are mixed (alloyed) with iron to make stainless
steel.
Answer:Metals like chromium and nickel are mixed (alloyed) with iron to make stainless
steel.

Q3-Write the differences between physical and chemical changes.

Answer:

Differences between physical and chemical changes are

Physical change Chemical change

No new substance is formed. New substance is formed.

It is a temporary change. It is a permanent change.

Physical change is easily reversible. Chemical change is irreversible.

Very little energy (heat, etc) is absorbed or A lot of energy (in the form of heat, light,

given out in a physical change. sound etc) is absorbed or given out in a

chemical change.

Q4-In addition to the formation of new products, what changes do the chemical
changes accompany?

Answer:In addition to new products, the following may accompany a chemical change:

● Heat, light or any other radiation (e.g. ultraviolet) may be given off or
absorbed.
 ● Sound may be produced.
● A change in smell may take place or a new smell may be given off.
● A colour change may take place.
● A gas may be formed.

Q5-Magnesium ribbon bums in air and changes to white substance, i.e. magnesium
oxide. When magnesium oxide dissolves in water, what type of change take place? Give
reason in support of your answer. Express the change in the form of equation.

Answer:

Mixing of ash obtained by the burning of magnesium with water is a chemical change.
When magnesium is burnt in air, it forms magnesium oxide in the form of white ash.

Magnesium (Mg)+ Oxygen (O2) → Magnesium oxide (MgO)

When magnesium oxide dissolves in water, it forms a new substance, magnesium

hydroxide.

Magnesium oxide (MgO) + Water (H2O) → Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2

So, it is a chemical change.

Question 6.Plants prepare their food by a process called photosynthesis. Can we call
photosynthesis a chemical change? Explain. [HOTS]

Answer:During photosynthesis, the plants intake carbon dioxide and water in the
presence of chlorophyll and sunlight to form two new substances, i.e. glucose (food)
and oxygen gas. So, photosynthesis is a chemical change.Question 9.

Question 7-The process of digestion is a chemical change. Explain why.

Answer:In the process of digestion, the various food materials break down to form new
substances which can be absorbed by the body. So, the process of digestion is a
chemical change.
Question 8=Explosion of a cracker is a chemical change Explain.

Answer:-When we burn a cracker, it explode Explosion produces heat, light, sound and
unpleasant gases that pollute the atmosphere.

Many new products are formed. So, it is a chemical change.

Question 9-What happens when an iron blade of a knife is dipped in a copper sulphate
solution? What kind of change takes place? (HOTS]

Answer:When an iron blade of a knife is dipped in a copper sulphate solution, then iron
blade is coated with reddish brown deposits of copper.

And the blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes to light green due to the
formation of iron sulphate. So, it is a chemical chan.

Q10-Give an example of a chemical reaction for each of the following situations: [

(a) A change in colour is observed.

(b) A gas has evolved.

(c) Sound is produced.

Answer:(a) Chemical reaction between copper sulphate solution and iron metal. In this
reaction, blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes to light green colour due to
the formation of iron sulphate.

(b) When baking soda and vinegar are mixed together then a chemical change takes
place and bubbles of carbon dioxide gas are formed along with some other substances.
(c) Explosion of a firework produces heat, light, sound and unpleasant gases. Explosion
of a firework is a chemical change
Ans-True