CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

There are fourteen (14) respondents in this study that the researchers interviewed in an

informal conversational style. Each location that has been mentioned has various respondents all

of which were 15- 18 years of age grade 11 students, both male and female.

I. Demographics

The next table shows the demography of the students, specifically, their gender.

Table 1. Gender of the respondents

Gender Frequency %

M 7 50%

F 7 50%

Total 14 100%

Half of the respondents that had been interviewed are female and half are male.

II. Results from the Interview

The list of tables tackle the main objectives of the study in understanding the out-of-

school youths. This section is comprised with three tables. First, is the emotional states toward

losing the opportunity to study which is divided by four themes: Regret, Hopelessness, Sadness

and Indifferent/Neutrality. Second, the table that represents the satisfaction of out of school

youth about their current lifestyle is divided into three themes: Satisfied of current lifestyle due

to earnings/needs/family, Not totally satisfied and Fine with their current lifestyle. Last and the

1
third one is the different causes of being an out-of-school youth is divided into two factors:

internal and external. The external factors are divided into two categories: social and cultural

Table 1. Stressed While Studying in Mapua University

Responses Frequency %

M F M F

Yes

7 7 100% 100%

No 0 0 0% 0%

Total 7 7 100% 100%

Table 2. The Factors of Stress in Mapua University

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

M F M F M F

2
Schedule “Yung schedule. “Masyadong

Minsan kasi ang maaga yung nasa

1 1 7.69% 8.33%
aga-aga at sched namin kaya

hanggang sabado nahihirapan din

pa pasok (mula ako.”

Monday).”

Subjects 4 4 30.77% 33.33 “In a sense of “Academics-kasi

% math subjects like meron na mga

bacal and stats. friends na di

Mahirap.” naman nageexcel.

Disturbing kasi
“Daming
may tendency na
assignments. At
bumagsak.”
yung tests sabay

sabay saka “Well mostly

mahirap lang acads. Difficulty

talaga lessons.” of subjects,

desperation

pumasa.”

“Acads mahirap

lalo na yung

math.”

“Acads mahirap,

3
 lalo na yung math

at science.”

Time 1 2 7.69% 16.67 “Kulang sa “Sometimes pag-

% tulog.” aayos ng time

management.”

“Mahirap i-

balance yung time

w/friends, family

and jowa.”

Distance 2 1 15.38% 8.33% “Malayo bahay “Commute-kasi

ko.” malayo bahay

namin.”

Workload 2 1 15.38% 8.33% “Yung mga “Mapua is very

studies grabe strict in

patong patong requirements and

ohmaygad.” we need to

comply on due

date before it’s

too late.”

4
 Pressures 1 3 7.69% 25% “Pressure from “Fear of

parents kasi sila disappointment –

nagbabayad ng kasi mahirap pag

tuition na may nageexpect

napakamahal so sayo tas do-down

nag eexpect ng ka lang. Kasi

good grades.” kahit ginawa mo

na lahat, di parin

sapat.”

Standards 1 0 7.69% 0% “Iba yung

standards dito

compared sa dati

kong school.”

Not used to 1 0 7.69% 0% “Syempre

mahirap dito,iba

ung environent na

nakagawian ko.”

Total 13 12 100% 100%

Table 3. Listening To Music During, Before, or After Studying

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

5
 M F M F M F

Before
2 3 18.18% 23.08% “Palagi” “Yes” “Oo”

“During- kasi
“Yes, During mahirap magfocus
During 3 5 27.27% 38.46% studying” kapag hindi ganun
kacomfortable yung
mga nadidinig sa
paligid”
“Even during , yes”

“Always. During
After 4 3 36.36% 23.08% “After Studying” before after lahat”

“Nakikinig ako “I sometimes listen

ng music kapag to music during and
Listen only hindi nag aaral after studying”
sometimes 2 1 18.18% 7.69% kasi nahihirapan
ako mag aral pag
nakikinig ng
music. Pero
minsan may
mood n
nadadalian ako
mag aral pag
nakikinig ng
music”

“During minsan
pero kadalasan
hinde”

6
Do not listen 0 1 0% 7.69% “Not really.”

Total 11 13 100% 100%

Based on the data gathered, majority of the students is listening to music before, during

and after studying. On the males, 18.18% of them is listening before studying while 27.27% is

listening during studying, and 38.38% is listening after studying. 18.18% of the male responses

is listening to music sometimes when studying. On the other hand, 7.69% of females do not

listen to music before, during and after studying, 23.08% listen to music before studying, 38.46%

listen during studying, 23.08% listen before studying. 7.69% of females sometimes listen to

music before, during, and/or after.

Studying is one of the factors of academic stress on students. In the data gathered, it is

shown that students could somehow manage academic stress through listening to music before,

during, and/or after studying. Music can release stress from students and make them comfortable

when studying, just like what is said on this statement: “During- kasi mahirap magfocus kapag

hindi ganun kacomfortable yung mga nadidinig sa paligid” which shows that music puts the

students in comfort.

With the gathered data, the researchers were able to tell that a respondent is listening to

music before, during, and/or after studying, and their reasons why they listen to music before,

during, and/or after studying. The reasons on why they listen to music during study is to be able

to focus and to avoid distractions from their surroundings. However, for others, listening to

music can be a source of distraction, that’s why they prefer not to listen to music before, during,

7
and/or after studying. With these information we can say that music can somehow be a coping

mechanism against academic stress.

Table 4. How Listening to Music either Before, During, and/or After Help with Stress

General Answer Frequency % Sample Responses

M F M F M F

Relieve Stress “Oo pampatanggal

stress mawawala
3 0 50% 0`% isip sa mga
nangyayari”

“Yes, it can
somehow help
“Nakakarelax” me calm in a
Relaxing stressful
And Calm situation”
1 3 16.67% 60% “Yes , pag
galit ako and
very stressed
napapakalma
ako ng Boyce
Avenue and
Maroon 5 chos
haha”

8
 “Music
sometimes
helps me relax
and focus on
my studies
when there's
too much
going on my
surrounding”.

“Kunwari yung “Music

kinakabasido ko. sometimes
Kinakanta ko para helps me relax
Help in Studying 2 1 33.33% 20% pantulong.” and focus on
“In a way na my studies
nakakatulong ito. In when there's
a way na too much
nakakaclear ng going on my
mind.” surrounding”

“It doesn't
exactly help
me at all. I
No It Can’t Help 0 1 0% 20% think? I find
music
distracting
when studying.
Mas gusto ko
yung tahimik.”

Total 6 5 100 100

Listening to music can somehow lessen stress in different ways. On the gathered results,

the respondents provided answers on how listening to music can help students cope with stress. It

was shown there that 50% of the male responses said that listening to music can help them

relieve stress, while 0% of the female responses stated that it is stress relieving. Also, listening to

9
music can make us relaxed and/or calm. Iti is common knowledge that academics is one of the

main roots of the stress of a student, so some respondents said that listening to music can

somehow help them studying in order to keep them focused with their studying, just like one

respondent who had stated “Music sometimes helps me relax and focus on my studies when

there's too much going on my surrounding”. However, some respondents answered that listening

to music doesn’t help them at all, just like what the respondent stated “It doesn't exactly help me

at all. I think? I find music distracting when studying. Mas gusto ko yung tahimik.”

With these data the researchers were able to interpret that music can help and relieve

stress in many ways. Music can help a student cope with their academic stress, but not all

students, because some students still prefer studying in a quiet place with a peaceful surrounding.

Some students can find focus on listening to music, but still, some students find that music is a

distraction. With these data gathered, the researchers conclude that majority of the students can

cope with stress through music.

Table 5. Genre Listened to When Feeling Stressed

General Frequency % Sample Response

Answer
M F M F M F

10
Any Genre 2 2 20% 20% “kahit anong “. It varies a lot.
genre. Basta I listen to
music.” (R1). different types of
“iba-iba, music anyways.
random”.(R2) Wala akong
specific genre
na
pinapakinggan
even when
stressed. Mostly
it depends kung
ano lang trip ko
sa
araw na yun.”

Classical 3 3 30% 30% “Mga classical, “Ano tawag dun

tulad ng mga sa lumang
kanta ni music.? Ahhh
Vivaldi.” Classical”

Rock 1 1 10% 10% “Cuz for me “Alternative

rock music rock.”
represents being
matatag.”

Hip-hop 1 0 10% 0% “Expressive

yung mga kanta
tulad ng kay
Eminem parang
may
pinapahayag
talaga sya.”
1 3 10% 30% “AHAHAHA “usually pop
Pop!!.” kkasi ayoko ng
Pop malunkot na
beat music
laalo lang ako
nasstress.”

1 1 10% 10% “OPM naman “ayon nga pop

OPM kasi ung mga and minsan opm
(Original opm dati na para alam ko
Pilipino kanta lyrics.”
Music) nakakarelate
lang talaga ako
ng sobra.”
1 0 10% 0% “kase maganda
Gospel sya”

11
 TOTAL 10 10 100% 100%

Based on the gathered data, Classical music which has the biggest percentage on the table, shows

that both gender used to listen when they feel stressed. About 20% of the students preferred to

listen any genre as example one of the respondent said. “It varies a lot. I listen to different types of

music anyways. Wala akong specific genre na pinapakinggan even when stressed. Mostly it

depends kung ano lang trip ko sa araw na yun”. Meanwhile, There are 10% of students preferred

rock as stress reliever while there are also 10% of students listened hip-hop, Pop and OPM and

Gospel for them to get through on their situation.

With the help of these data, the researchers can determine the preferred genre of the students

when they feel stress due to academic affiliations and also it can determine the real behavior of

individual. Based on the data shown earlier, students are dependent to Music.

Table 6. Specific Genre That Would Help Soothe Stress

General Frequency % Sample Response

Answer
M F M F M F

Any Genre 0 1 0% 11.11% “No specific

genre to be
honest. Like i
said, madalas
depende sa trip
ko sa day na
yun yung
pinapakinggan
ko pero in
general hindi
ako nakikinig ng

12
 music kapag
stressed ako.
Mas gusto ko
lang talaga yung
peace and
silence para mas
mapayapa
yung isip ko.”

Classical 2 3 20% 33.33% “So ayun nga “Umm classical

classical.” pa rin!.”

Rock 1 0 10% 0% “Rock.”

Hip-hop 1 0 10% 0% “syempre Hip-

hop.”

2 4 20% 44.44% “Pop!! “Pop”

HAHAHA.”
Pop

2 1 20% 11.11% “yun pa rin “ayon nga pop

OPM OPM.” and minsan opm
(Original para alam ko
Pilipino lyrics.”
Music)

1 0 10% 0% “Gospel”
Gospel

13
 Instrumenta 1 0 10% 0% “instrumental”
l
Total 10 9 100% 100%

Preponderance of the female students about 44.44% selected Pop as their “coping genre” while

male students had only 20% population as Pop as their soothing genre. 33.33% of female

selected classical, on the contrary male had 20%. OPM also had biggest percentage on female

side while gathered 20% on the opposite gender. 11.11% of the respondent still prefer “ Any

Genre” only for female students. While on the other hand there are 10% of male students

selected Instrumental, Gospel, Hip-hop, Rock as their stress outlet.

With these data gathered, The researchers can conclude that students are “Genre Sensitive”

regarding in their ways of soothing their own form stress. Some of them can cope up into a

certain genre while others are not. It is clearly that no matter what type genre is, they use music

as their outlet of stress.

Table 7. Emotion Portrayed by Choice of Music and How it Affects the Students

General Answer Frequency % Sample Responses

Relax M F M F M F

1 0 14.29% 0% “Nakakarela
x siya”

14
 Sad 1 2 14.29% 28.57% “Umm sad? “Yung tipong
Usually the kahit upbeat
music I enjoy pakinggan
tells a story yung kanta if
without any inintindi mo
lyrics. I think yung message
sad, but none nya masakit.
the less gives Like parang
me peace” may
pinagdadaana
n na drama sa
buhay.
Ganun.”
“Melancholy”
Happy 0 4 0% 57.14% “Happy!!
Ayaw ko sad
nakaklungkot”
“Happy kasi
napapagaan
din ng loob. “

Both Happy and 1 0 14.29% 0% “Both happy

Sad and sad. It
gives a good
sense of
emotion. Di
siya personal
sadyang
minsan
malungkot
ang kanta
minsan hindi
relatable”

Violence or 2 0 28.57% 0% “Nawawala

strong isip
nalalabas
nararamdam
an”
Romantic 1 0 14.28% 0% “Kadalasan
romantic eh

15
 pero kahit
wala akong
lovelife
romantic
padin”
Calm 1 1 14.28% 14.29% “Kalmado” “Calmness”
Total 7 7 100% 100%

Based on the results the researchers have gathered, there are different emotions portrayed by

the choice of music of the respondents. Other respondents feel happy when listening to music,

some feel sad, and 1 respondent feel both sad and happy. Other than being sad and happy, music

can also make them relax and calm. Others is feeling in love when listening to music while other

feel violent.

The results show that students are portraying different emotions depending on the message

their music gives off. It could also be based on their current status or situation in life. If a person

is sad or having problems in life they must probably feel sad. It also depends on the lyrics of the

song just like what the other respondent stated “Yung tipong kahit upbeat pakinggan yung kanta

if inintindi mo yung message nya masakit. Like parang may pinagdadaanan na drama sa buhay.

Ganun”. Some respondents listen to music in order to cope up with academic stress to make

them feel happy, calm, and relaxed.

Table 8. Specific Genre That Would Give off the Best Positive Impact

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

M F M F M F

16
 “Classical kasi “Maganda kasi

nakakarelax yung Classical eh

Classical 3 2 33.33% 28.57
talaga siya eh. kasi nakaka-
%
Kahit before, soothe talaga

during or after siya. Yung music

mag-aral lang as in music

nakakarelax lang talaga no

siya.” lyrics ang

nakakarelax”

2 0 22.22% 0% “Kasi

nakakarelate

talaga ako dito eh.

Yung lyrics niya

Filipino kaya

parang feeling mo
OPM
ang lapit sayo..”

1 0 11.11% 0% “Nalalabas ko

kasi frustrations
Rock
ko dito. Nalalabas

ko na rin stress ko

sa school.”

Pop 0 3 0% 42.86 “Pop kasi ang

17
 % happy ng tunog at

medyo upbeat

kaya napapasaya

rin ako.”.

0 1 0% 14.29 ” Eto ang genre

% na napapasayaw

ka eh. Masaya rin

EDM
sumayaw kaya

nasasasayahn rin

ako.”

22.22% 0%

“Kahit ano okay

naman sakin,
Anything 2 0
basta music

nakakaenjoy.”

11.11% 0%

Any “Basta

Relaxing nakakarelax. Ito

1 0
Music yung mga songs

nakaka soothe

talaga ng stress at

ng matinding

18
 emotions para

sakin eh haha”

14.29 “I don't have

anything in mind.
% Most genres seem
None 0 1 0% to have the same
effect on me.
Basta wag lang
genres related to
religion like
gospel music.
Ayoko rin nung
genres
that seem tacky or
"jeje" and has too
much
unappealing rap
into it. I try to
stay away
from those.
Masakit sila sa
ulo.”

Total 9 7 100% 100%

Table 9. Negative Impacts of Listening to Music Before, During, or After Studying

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

M F M F M F

“No wala “Uhm wala

naman.” naman..”
4 4 57.14% 57.14
None
%

3 3 42.86% 42.86 “Yes. Minsan “Well, yes. Kasi

19
 Has % nakakadistract. nagiging

negative Napapasabay ka distraction

impact(s). sa kanata at minsan pag

nawawlaa ka sa nagrereview, may

isip. Pero after times na mas

nakakrelax.” nakabisado mo pa

ung lyrics kesa

lessons.

Total 7 7 100% 100%

Majority of eleventh graders interviewed said that music has no negative impact on them. Out

of 7 male respondents, and also 7 female respondents, 57.14% (from each gender) said that

music has no negative impact on them, as stated by one respondent “No wala naman.” However,

42.86% (on both genders) said that it has a negative impact on them, as it may distract them from

studying. This could be further proven through one of the answer of the respondents -- “Well,

yes. Kasi nagiging distraction minsan pag nagrereview, may times na mas nakabisado mo pa

yung lyrics kesa lessons.”

20
 These results show that music may or may not have a negative impact on the stressed student,

at this point, it may already be contingent on what the student’s accustomed to. Negative impacts

of music may also be depended on the genre or the specific song being listened to, if the song is

just too good for the listener, they would be distracted and have the tendency to sing along the

song instead of studying.

Table 10. The Students’ Opinion on Music as a Coping Mechanism Against Stress

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

M F M F M F

“Definitely. Music is
It’s an
something that helps me
effective 7 6 100% 85.71% “Oo kasi pag
learn to appreciate so
coping stressed na
many things in this
mechanism stressed ka
world, even the bad
makinig ka lang
ones.”
kahit saglitan ng

kanta mawawala “Yes. music actually

na isip mo sa helps me cope up with all

problema ganun” kinds of stress.”

“Yes.

Tinutulungan nito

ako makalayo sa

21
 mga subjecst in a

certain period of

time.”

Para sakin, it’s not that

effective at all. Madalas

kasi if academically
It is not an
inclined yung
effective
0 1 0% 14.29% stress ko hindi
coping
pumapasok sa isip kong
mechanism
makinig ng music. I

really find it distracting.

Mas ma-iistress lang ako

kapag nakinig ako ng

music kasi hindi ako

makapag-aral ng

maayos. I suppose medyo

may effect lang yung

music sakin after kong

bumagsak?”

22
 Total 7 7 100% 100%

Majority of the respondents agreed that music is an effective coping mechanism. 100% of the

males agreed and 85.17% of the females agreed. This has been further proven through a

respondent’s statement - “Oo kasi pag stressed na stressed ka makinig ka lang kahit saglitan ng

kanta mawawala na isip mo sa problema ganun.” According to one female respondent, it could

not only help her cope with academic stress, but also from other kinds of stress. “Yes. Music

actually helps me cope up with all kinds of stress.” Music could also give a positive outlook on

life, as stated by a female respondent, “Definitely. Music is something that helps me learn to

appreciate so many things in this world, even the bad ones.”

However, one out of seven female respondents disagreed that music could be used as a coping

mechanism against academic stress. According to her, “Para sakin, it’s not that effective at all.

Madalas kasi if academically inclined yung

stress ko hindi pumapasok sa isip kong makinig ng music. I really find it distracting.

Mas ma-iistress lang ako kapag nakinig ako ng music kasi hindi ako makapag-aral ng

maayos. I suppose medyo may effect lang yung music sakin after kong bumagsak?”

Where she explained that when she listens to music while studying it would only distract her. It

would only have an effect on her (possibly) after she fails an exam. This may be because the

music she will listen to after an exam would be the relatable ones, which could release her steam

off once in a while.

23
Table 11. The Overall Effect of Music on The Students’ Well Being and Stress Levels

General Frequency % Sample Responses

Answers

M F M F M F

“Marami minsan “Music makes

depende sa genre me feel happy

4 4 26.67 44.44
Increased minsan nakakaiyak most of the time
% %
happiness ganun pero kasi they contain

madalas masaya the words that

saka we are afraid to

nakakapagrakraka tell so in short,

n ako” music helps us

express our

feelings and that

makes me

happy.”

“Pop kasi ang

happy ng tunog

at medyo upbeat

kaya

napapasaya rin

ako.”

“Napapasaya ako “Nakaka-relax

24
 at narerelax.” siya lalo na pag

nakikinig after

studying. Kasi
Relaxation 3 1 20% 11.11
syempre sasaya
%
ka kasi nakikinig

ka ng gusto

mong music, so

ayun marerelax

ka na rin.”

“It makes me feel

at peace, happy
Peacefulness 1 0 6.67% 0%
and relaxed.”

“Marami. minsan “It makes me

nakakaiyak.” happy and

sentimental.”
Sentimental 2 1 13.33 11.11

% %

“Nakakawala ng

stress. Kasi pag

“Nakaka soothe
nakanta ako
siya, pampa-stress
Stress- 3 2 20% 22.22
nalalabas ko
reliever.”
reliever %

25
 “Nalalabas ko kasi galit ko at

frustrations ko dito. frustrations”.

Nalalabas ko na

rin stress ko sa

school.”

“Napapasaya ako “It depends.

or nas-sad depende Somehow it

Depends 1 1 6.67% 11.11
sa song. Parang makes me feel
%
nahahawa ako sa light, chill,

vibe ng song.” minsan it makes

me feel safe and

free from all my

problems.”

None “Di ko alam.

Hahaha parang
0 1 0% 11.11
wala naman
%
effect.”

Total 15 9 100% 100%

26
Out of 15 responses from males, 26.67% of them stated that it increased their happiness.

According to one of them, “Marami minsan depende sa genre minsan nakakaiyak ganun pero

madalas masaya saka nakakapagrakrakan ako.” He means to say that music could have

different effects on him, but most of the time, it makes him happy as long as he could jive in with

the genre/music he is listening to. Meanwhile, out of 9 responses from females, 44.44% said that

it also increased their happiness. “Music makes me feel happy most of the time kasi they contain

the words that we are afraid to tell so in short, music helps us express our feelings and that

makes me happy.” As stated by one female respondent.

Music could increase one’s happiness as long as the song they are listening to is something they

like, and they could freely express their emotions to.

3 out of 15 responses from the male gender said that music provides them relaxation. One male

respondent said, “Napapasaya ako at narerelax.” On the other hand, 1 out of 9 responses from

the female gender said the same. According to her, “Nakaka-relax siya lalo na pag nakikinig

after studying. Kasi syempre sasaya ka kasi nakikinig ka ng gusto mong music, so ayun

marerelax ka na rin.” If it makes her happy, it makes her feel relaxed.

1 male felt that music makes him at peace while feeling happy and relaxed at the same time. “It

makes me feel at peace, happy and relaxed.” However, no female said that it makes them feel at

peace.

13.33% of the male responses said it makes them feel sentimental. According to one male

respondent, music could affect him in many ways, one being that it would make him feel

melancholic. “Marami. minsan nakakaiyak.” 11.11% also said that it makes them feel

sentimental and happy at the same time. “It makes me happy and sentimental.”

27
20% of responses from males said that music could be a stress-reliever for them. Music serves as

a stress-reliever as it may help them release the emotions or things that make them stressed. This

could be proven from a statement of one of the male respondents -- “Nalalabas ko kasi

frustrations ko dito. Nalalabas ko na rin stress ko sa school.” 22.22% of the responses from the

females also see music as a stress-reliever. “Nakakawala ng stress. Kasi pag nakanta ako

nalalabas ko galit ko at frustrations”. Similar reason from one of the male respondents, music

could help her let out her frustrations for a while.

6.67% of the responses from the male said that it depends on what kind of effect music leaves on

them. According to one male respondent, “Napapasaya ako or nas-sad depende sa song. Parang

nahahawa ako sa vibe ng song.” It depends on the emotions being portrayed by the music he’s

listening to. On the other hand, 11.11% of the responses from the female felt the same. “It

depends. Somehow it makes me feel light, chill, minsan it makes me feel safe and free from all

my problems.” This answer may mean that the effects she perceives from music is according to

the current mood she is in, or it may also be due to the emotions being portrayed by the song

she’s listening to.

One female respondent said that she thinks it did not have an effect on her at all, stating that, “Di

ko alam. Hahaha parang wala naman effect.” No male respondent felt the same.

28
29