Basic Definitions of Geometry

A collinear set of points is a set of points all of which lie on the same straight line.

A noncollinear set of points s a set of three or more points that do not all line on the same straight
line.

A Line has no end points.

A Ray has one end point.

. Line Segment has two end points

Congruent segments are segments that have the same measure.

The Midpoint of a line segment is a point of that line segment that divides the segment into two
congruent segments.

The Bisector of a line segment is any line, or subset of a line that intersects the segment at the
midpoint.

An Angle is a set of points that is the union of two rays having the same endpoint.

Classifying Angles According to Their Measueres

An Acute angle is an angle whose degree measure is greater than 0 and less than 90o

An Right angle is an angle whose degree measure is 90o

An Obtuse angle is an angle whose degree measure is greater than 90 and less than 180o.

A Straight angle measures 180o.

Congruent angles are angles that have the same measure.

∠ABC ≅ ∠DEF the angles are congruent

m∠ABC = m∠DEF the measures of the angles are equal
Bisector of an angle is a ray whose endpoint is the vertex of the angles and that divides that angle
into two congruent angles.

Vertical Angles are two angles in which the two nonadjacent angles (opposite) formed when two lines
intersect. They are always congruent.

Complementary Angles are two angles whose sum is 90 degrees.

Supplementary Angles are two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.

A Linear Pair are two adjacent angles whose sum is 180 degrees.

Perpendicular Lines are two lines that intersect to form right angles

Perpendicular Bisector of a line forms right angles and bisects the line segment.

The Distance from a point to a line is the length of the perpendicular line from the point to the line.

A Polygon is a closed figure in a plane that is the union of line segments such that the segments
intersect only at thei endpoints and no segments sharing a common endpoint are collinear.

A Triangle is a polygon that has exactly three sides.

Classifying Triangles According to Sides

No Sides equal - Scalene

2 sides equal - Isosceles
3 sides equal - Equilateral.

Classifying Triangles According to Angles

Has a right angle - Right

Has an obtuse angle - Obtuse
All acute angles - Acute
All equal angles - Equiangular

  1  
Parts of an Isosceles Triangle

Parts of a Right Triangle

Angles formed by Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal

m II n and l is the transversal

Congruent Angles
• Vertical Angles ∠1 and ∠4, ∠2 and ∠3, ∠5 and ∠8, ∠6 and ∠7

• Corresponding Angles ∠1 and ∠5, ∠2 and ∠6, ∠3 and ∠7, ∠4 and ∠8

• Alternating Interior Angles ∠3 and ∠6, ∠4 and ∠5

• Alternation Exterior Angles ∠1 and ∠8, ∠2 and ∠7

Supplementary Angles
• ∠3 and ∠5, ∠4 and ∠6, ∠1 and ∠7, ∠2 and ∠8
  2  
1 – 3) Solve the following
1. x = ______ y = ______ 2. x = ______ y = ______ 3. x = ______ y = ______

   
                               3x – 5 = 127      5x - 15 = 90 y = 90
y = 67 x = 180 – 67 = 113
+5 +5 +15 +15
 
3x = 132 5x = 105
 
x = 44 x = 21
y = 180 – 127 = 53
4. – 8) Are the following statements true or false?

4. ∠5 and ∠3 are vertical angles T or False

5. ∠1 and ∠5 are a linear pair TRUE or F

6. ∠4 and ∠3 are adjacent angles TRUE or F

7. ∠4 and ∠1 are vertical angles TRUE or F

8. ∠3 and ∠4 are a linear pair T or False

9. If ∠A and ∠B are 10. If ∠A and ∠B are 11. If ∠A and ∠B are vertical

supplementary and m∠A = complements and m∠A = 27o, angles and m∠A = 36o, what is
150o, what is m∠B? what is m∠B? m∠B?
∠A + ∠B = 180 ∠A + ∠B = 90 ∠A = ∠B
150 + ∠B = 180 27 + ∠B = 90 36 = ∠B
-150 -150 -27 -27
∠B = 30 ∠B = 63

12. If ∠A and ∠B are a linear pair and 13. If ∠A and ∠B are vertical angles and
m∠A = 2x + 8 and m∠B = 3x + 2, what is the m∠A = 7x - 5 and m∠B = 4x + 10, what is the
value of x? value of x?
∠A + ∠B = 180 ∠A = ∠B
2x + 8 + 3x + 2 = 180 7x - 5 = 4x + 10
5x + 10 = 180 -4x +5 -4x +5
-10 -10 3x = 15
5x = 170 x=5
x = 34

  3  
14 – 23, Provide the name of the following relationships:

14. ∠5 and ∠3 Alternating Interior Angles

15. ∠2 and ∠7 Alternating exterior Angles

16. ∠16 and ∠14 Vertical Angles

17. ∠14 and ∠1 Supplmentary Angles

18. ∠1 and ∠7 Supplmentary Angles

19. ∠6 and ∠5 Supplmentary Angles

20. ∠15 and ∠10 Supplmentary Angles

21. ∠1 and ∠ Supplmentary Angles

22. ∠13 and ∠1 Supplmentary Angles

23. ∠16 and ∠9 Supplmentary Angles

24. – 28. Find the measure of the angle

and give the reason for knowing it.

24. m∠1 =_110___ reason vertical Angles

25. m∠2 =__70___ reason_ Supplmentary Angles

26. m∠3 = 110___ reason___ Supplmentary Angles

27. m∠4 =__70__ reason__ Supplmentary Angles ___

28. m∠5 =_______ reason_________________________

 
1. – 6. Find the measure of the angle and give the reason for knowing it.
1. m∠1 = 83 reason_Corresponding Angles

2. m∠2 = 97 reason Supplmentary Angles

3. m∠3 = 97 reason Supplmentary Angles

4. m∠4 = 83 reason_Alternating Exterior Angles

5. m∠5 = 83reason Alternating Exterior Angles

6. m∠6 = 97 reason Supplmentary Angles

  4  
7. – 16. Circle True or False

7. ∠1 = ∠4 TRUE or F 8. ∠6 = ∠16 TRUE or F

Vertical Angles Alternating Interior Angles
9. ∠3 = ∠5 T or FALSE 10. ∠4 = ∠5 TRUE or F
Supplmentary Angles Alternating Interior Angles
11. ∠2 = ∠10 TRUE or F 12. ∠9 = ∠15 TRUE or F
Corresponding Angles Alternating Exterior Angles
13. ∠12 = ∠14 TRUE or F 14. ∠9 = ∠11 TRUE or F
Alternating Interior Angles Vertical Angles
15. m∠11 + ∠15 = 180o T or FALSE
Alternating
Interior Angles
16. m∠1 + ∠8 = 180o T or FALSE
Supplmentary Angles
17. - 22. Solve for the unknown values:
17. x = ________ 18. x = ________ 19. x = ________

   
Alternating Interior Angles  Supplmentary Angles
5x – 10 = 3x + 16  
Alternating Exterior Angles 2x + 13 + 3x + 17 = 180
-3x +10 =3x +10 5x + 30 = 180
8x – 4 = 160
2x = 26 -30 -30
+4 +4
x = 13 5x = 150
                                                 8x = 164
  x = 30
x = 20.5
 
 

20. x = ________ 21. x = ________ 22. x = ________

 
   
Supplmentary Angles
  Supplmentary Angles
Corresponding Angles 5x - 7 + 109 = 180
3x + 16 + 118 = 180
4x + 32 = 172 5x + 102 = 180
3x + 134 = 180
-32 -32 -102 -102
-134 -134
4x = 140 5x = 72
3x = 46
x = 35 x = 14.4
x = 15.33333

  5  
1. – 9. Solve the following:
1. if m∠7 = 100o, find m∠3 = 100
Corresponding Angles
2. if m∠7 = 95o, find m∠6 = 85
Supplmentary Angles
3. if m∠1 = 20o, find m∠5 = 20
Corresponding Angles
4. if m∠4 = 100o, find m∠7 = 80
Supplmentary Angles
5. if m∠3 = 140o, find m∠5 = 140
Alternating Interior Angles
6. if m∠4 = 30o, find m∠1 = 150
Supplmentary Angles
7. if m∠4 = 40o, find m∠2 = 40
Vertical Angles
8. if m∠3 = 125o, find m∠8 = 5
Supplmentary Angles
9. if m∠1 + m∠5 = 234o, find m∠6 = _______
10. – 15. Solve the following:

10. m∠1 = 115 11. m∠2 = 115

12. m∠3 = 148 13. m∠4 = 148

14. m∠5 = 32 15. m∠6 = 65

16. Solve the following: 17. Solve the following:

x = _________ y = ________ x = _________ y = ________

 
 
  6y + 13y – 10 = 180 9x + 12 = 120
         4x – 5 = 3x +11 19y – 10 = 180 -12 -12
-3x +5 -3x + 5 +10 +10 9x = 108
x = 16 19y = 190 x = 12
y = 10
3y + 1 + 4x – 5 = 180 6y = 6(10) = 60 & 120
3y + 1 + 4(16) – 5 = 180
3y + 1 + 64 – 5 = 180
3y + 60 = 180
-60 -60
3y = 120
y = 40

  6  
18. – 23. Solve the following:

18. m∠6 = 131 19. m∠7 = 49

Alt. Int. Angles Supplmentary Angles
20. m∠4 = 49 21. m∠2 = 49
Supplmentary Angles Supplmentary Angles
22. m∠5 = 49 23. m∠8 = 131
Supplmentary Angles

24. – 28. Solve the following:

24. m∠7 = 58 25. m∠5 = 47

26. m∠6 = 75 27. m∠4 = 107

28. m∠5 = 47 29. m∠8 = 73

29. – 33. Solve the following:

29. m∠5 = ___42__ 30. m∠1 = ___54__

31. m∠4 = __54___ 32. m∠6 = __84__

33. m∠2 = _108__

34. – 39. Solve the following:

34. m∠3 = 107 35. m∠5 = 73

36. m∠1 = 73 37. m∠4 = 132

38. m∠6 = 48 39. m∠2 = 107

  7  
40. – 42. solve for the unknows:
40. 41. 42.
x =_____ y = ______ z = _____ x =_____ y = ______ z = _____ x =_____ y = ______ z = _____

     
x = 180 – 110 = 70 = x 8y + 4 = 68 2x  +  y  +  120  =  180  
-4 -4                            -­120            -­120  
5y + 10 = 110 8y = 64                            2x  +  y  =  60  
-10 -10 y=8  
5y = 100 2x  –  y  +  140  =  180  
y = 20 3x = 90                              -­140          -­140  
x = 30                            2x  -­  y  =  40  
z + 32 = 110 2x  +  y  =  60              find  y:    2x  +  y  =  60  
-32 -32 2z = 22 2x  -­  y  =  40                                2(25)  +  y  =  60  
z = 78 z = 11 4x = 100 -50 -
50
x = 25 y = 10

Find the value of x and name the type of pairs of angles they are:
1. 2. 3.

     
Vertical Angles Alternating Exterior Angles Supplmentary Angles
8x + 19 = 9x + 9 3x – 31 = x + 59 5x – 33 + 6x + 4 = 180
-8x -9 -8x - 9 -x +31 -x +31 11x – 29 = 180
10 = x 2x = 90 +29 +29
  x = 45 11x = 209
  x = 19
 

  8  
4. 5. 6.

 
Alternating Interior Angles
3x – 26 = 2x    
-2x + 26 - 2x +26 Supplmentary Angles Corresponding Angles
x = 26 x + 10 + x + 50 = 180 7x – 12 = 6x + 3
  2x + 60 = 180 -6x +12 -6x +12
  -60 -60 x = 15
  2x = 120
  x = 60
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. 8. 9.

   
Vertical Angles Supplmentary Angles
4x – 2 = 3x + 19  
x + 11 + 3x + 1 = 180 Supplmentary Angles
-3x +2 -3x +2 4x + 12 = 180 7x + 5x + 12 = 180
x = 21 -12 -12 12x + 12 = 180
4x = 168 -12 -12
x = 42 12x = 168
x = 14

  9  
10. 11. 12.

   
  Supplmentary Angles Corresponding Angles
Vertical Angles 39 + x + x + 11 = 180 x + 5 = 75 – x
4x – 41 = 2x + 9 2x + 50 = 180 +x -5 -5 +x
-2x +41 -2x +41 -50 -50 2x = 70
2x = 50 2x = 130 x = 35
x = 25 x = 65

13. 14. 15.

 
Alternating Exterior Angles  
  Alternating Interior Angles
Supplmentary Angles 4x – 5 = 3x + 25
-3x +5 -3x +5 2x + 6 = x + 55
 8x + 1 + 4x + 11 = 180
x = 30 -x -6 -x -6
12x + 12 = 180
x = 49
-12 -12
12x = 168
x = 14

 
  10  
16. 17. 18.

 
  Supplmentary Angles  
Alternating Exterior Angles 5x + 10 + 4x – 10 = 180 Corresponding Angles
     3x - 100 = 2x – 20 9x = 180 7x – 5 = 6x + 8
-2x +100 -2x +100 x = 20 -6x +5 -6x +5
x = 80 x = 13

19. 20. 21.

     
Alternating Interior Angles Supplmentary Angles Vertical Angles
   8x – 12 = 3x + 28 7x + 10 + 26x + 5 = 180 2x + 39 = x + 64
-3x +12 -3x +12 33x + 15 = 180 -x -39 -x -39
5x = 40 -15 -15 x = 25
x=8 33x = 165
  x=5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
  11  
1. – 3. Determine the measure of the angle:
1. 2. 3.
m∠C = __55 o __ m∠C = _42 o ___ m∠A = __31 o ___

 
 

4. – 6. Determine the measure of the angle:

4. 5. 6.
m∠1 = 14 __m∠2 = _63 __ m∠1 = 58 o ___m∠2 = _122 o __
o o
m∠1 = _44 o __m∠2 = _44 o _

m∠3 = _29 o _ m∠3 = 68 o __

 
 
 
 

7. – 9. Determine the measure of the angle:

7. 8. 9.
x = __23__m∠A = _66____ x = 20___m∠B = __80___ x = _21.25_ m∠A = _68.75_

9x = 180 3x + 5 + 3x + 5 = 2x = 180
5x + 65 = 180 x = 20
-65 -65 8x + 10 = 180
5x = 115 -10 -10
x = 23 8x = 170
x = 21.25

  12  
10. An exterior angle is formed between a side and the extension of a side. It will always be a linear
pair with an internal angle. In the diagram below, ∠4 is the exterior angle. The exterior angle
theorem states that the EXTERNAL ANGLE IS EQUAL TO THE SUM OF THE TWO REMOTE
ANGLES. The remote angles are those interior angles that are not adjacent to the exterior angle so
in this case ∠1 & ∠2 are the remote angles.
m∠1 + m∠2 = m∠4, Explain why this would be true.

m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠3 = 180

m∠3 + m∠4 = 180

11. – 13. Determine the missing information:

11. 12. 13.
m∠1 = _75__m∠3 = _56__ m∠1 = __58__m∠3 = ___122_ m∠1 = _67_m∠3 = _15___

14. – 22. Find the value of x:

14. 15. 16.
x = __29____ x = __ 60_____ x = ___27____

3x = 180 6x + 18 = 180
x = 60 -18 -18
3x + 3 = 90 6x = 162
-3 -3 x = 27
3x = 87
x = 29

  13  
17. 18. 19.
x = ___64__ x = __111___ x = 104____

 
x  +  x  +  52  =  180  
   2x  +  52  =  180    
                 -­52            -­52   69  +  42  =  111  
                     2x  =  128    
                       x  =  64  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

20. 21. 22.

x = __52___ x = __31___ x = ___82__
   

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
  14  
1. If BA bisects ∠FBD and m∠ABD = m∠BDC. 2. If ∠EFG ≅ ∠ABC and ∠EFH ≅ ∠ABD,
Find the number of degrees in ABF when solve for x and y when m∠EFH = x – y,
m∠ABD = 3x + 20 and m∠BDC = x + 40 m∠HFG = 50, m∠ABD = 30 and m∠DBC = x + y

x – y = 50
x + y = 30
2x = 80
3x + 20 = x + 40 x = 40
-x -20 -x -20 x – y = 50
2x = 20 40 – y = 50
x = 10 -40 -40
m∠ABF = m∠ABD = 50 -y = 10
y = -10

3. If AEB and CED intersect at E and m∠BEC = 4. If AEB and CED intersect at E and
70, find m∠AED, m∠DEB, and m∠AEC m∠DEB = 2x + 20 and m∠AEC = 3x – 30, find
m∠AED, m∠DEB, m∠CEB and m∠AEC

Vertical Angles Vertical Angles

3x – 30 = 2x + 20
-2x +30 -2x +30
x = 50
m∠DEB = m∠AEC = 120
m∠AED = m∠CEB = 60

7. If AEB and CED intersect at E and 8. If AEB and CED intersect at E and
m∠BEC = 5x - 25 and m∠DEA = 7x – 65, find m∠BEC = y and m∠DEB = 3x, and m∠DEA = 2x
m∠AED, m∠DEB, m∠CEB and m∠AEC – y find m∠AED, m∠DEB, m∠CEB and m∠AEC

Vertical Angles Vertical Angles

7x – 65 = 5x – 25 3x + y = 180
-5x +65 -5x +65 3x + 2x – y = 180
2x = 40
x = 20 3x + y = 180 Find y: 3x + y = 180
  15  
m∠CEB = m∠AED = 75 5x – y = 180 3(45) + y = 180
m∠DEB = m∠AEC = 105 8x = 360 135 + y = 180
x = 45 -135 -135
y = 45
m∠CEB = m∠AED = 45
m∠DEB = m∠AEC = 135

3. If DB ≅ AC and AE ≅ EB, find the lengths of 4. RS intersects LM at P.

DE, EC, DB and Ac when AE = x + y, EB = 5, m∠RPL = x + y, m∠LPS = 3x + 2y and
DE = 2x and EC = y + 1 m∠MPS = 3x – 2y,
a) Find x and y
b) Find m∠RPL, m∠LPS, and m∠MPS

x+y=5
2x = y + 1 x + y + 3x + 2y = 180
-y -y 3x – 2y + 3x + 2y = 180
2x – y = 5 find y: x + y = 5
x+y=5 2+y=5 4x + 3y = 180
2x – y = 1 y=3 6x = 180
3x = 6 x = 60
x=2 4(60) + 3y = 180
DE = 2x = 2(2) = 4 = DE 240 + 3y = 180
EC = y + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4 = EC -240 -240
AC = x + y + y + 1 = 2 + 3 + 3 + 1 = 9 = AC 3y = -60
BD = 2x + 5 = 2(2) + 5 = 9 = BD y = 20

9. If the m∠BEC = 125, find m∠BED, and 10. If m∠BEC = 3x + 10 and m∠DEA = 4x – 30,
m∠AED find m∠BEC.

4x – 30 = 3x + 10
m∠BEC = m∠DEA = 125 -3x +30 -3x +30
m∠DEB = m∠CEA = 55 x = 40
m∠BEC = 3x + 10 = 3(40) + 10 = 130 = m∠BEC

  16  
11. If m∠BEC = 9x - 10 and m∠CEA = 4x – 5, 12. If ∠A and ∠B are complementary and
find m∠BEC. ∠ A ≅ ∠B, find m∠A
∠ A ≅ ∠B= 90
∠ A ≅ 45 ∠ B ≅ 45

Supplementary Angles
9x – 10 + 4x – 5 = 180
13x – 15 = 180
+15 +15
13x = 195
x = 15
m∠BEC = 4x – 5 = 4(15) – 5 = 55 = m∠BEC

13. If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF and if 14. Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle

AB = 2x + 3 and CD = 4x – 5, find EF. A`B`C`. If m∠C is represented by 2x – 10 and
4x – 5 = 2x + 3 m∠C` is represented by x + 30:
-2x +5 -2x +5 a) Find x
2x = 8 b) Find the m∠C
x = 4 EF = 2(4) + 3 = 11 = EF c) Find m∠B if it is represented by x - 25
2x – 10 = x + 30
-x +10 -x +10
a) x = 40

m∠C = x + 30 = 40 + 30 = b) 70 = m∠C
m∠B = x – 25 = 40 – 25 = c) 15 = m∠B

15. Triangle DEF is congruent to triangle 16. Given that AD ≅ CB and ∠1 ≅ ∠2 and
D`E`F`. If EF is represented by 3x + 2 and E`F` AB = 5x – 3, CD = 3x + 10 and BC = 2x + 5, write
is represented by x + 10 and ED is represented an equation to solve for x, and then find AB, CD,
by x + 2: and BC.
a) Find x,
b) Find ED
c) Find E`D`
d) Find EF
3x + 2 = x + 10
-x -2 -x -2
2x = 8
a) x = 4
b) c) x + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6 = ED = E`D` 5x – 3 = 3x + 10
d) EF = 3x + 2 = 3(4) + 2 = 14 = EF -3x +3 -3x +3
2x = 13
x = 6.5
AB = 5x – 3
5(6.5) - 3
AB = 29.5 DC = 29.5 BC = 2(6.5) +5 = 18
  17  
17. If all sides of a polygon ABCDE are 18. Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle A`B`C`.
congruent, and ∠E ≅ ∠C. find AD and BD. If AB is represented by 2x + y, A`B` = 7, BC = 11
and B`C` is represented by 4x + y, find x and y.

AB = A`B`
2x + y = 7
BC = B`C`
4x + y = 11
-2x –y -7
2x = 4
x=2
2x + y = 7
2(2) + y = 7
4+y=7
-4 -4
y=3
19. If ΔABC, BD is the median to side AC and 20. Two right triangles:
must be congruent if ΔABD In ΔABC ΔCBD, then 1) The hypotenuse of one triangle is congruent
ΔABC must be to the hypotenuse of the other.
1) scalene 2) isosceles 2) An acute angle of one triangle is congruent
3) right 4) equilateral to an acute triangle of the other.
3) Two leg of one triangle are congruent to two
legs of the other.
4) Each contains a right angle.

21. Two isosceles triangles are congruent if 22. In ΔABC, D is a point on BC such that AD is
1) The vertex angle of one triangle is both angle bisector and an altitude in ΔABC.
congruent to the vertex angle of the other. Which statement may be false?
2) A base angle of one triangle is congruent to 1) BD = CD 2) AB = AC
a base angles of the other. 3) AC = BC 4) m∠B = m∠C
3) Leg of one triangle is congruent to a leg of
the other
4) A leg and vertex angle of one triangle are
congruent to a leg and vertex angle of the other.

23. In isosceles triangle ABC, ∠B is a right 24. In ΔABC, If CA ≅ CB and m∠A = 50, find
angle, AB = BC and BD is a median. Which the m∠B.
statement is not an altitude of ABC? m∠B= 50
1) BD 2) AD
3) AB 4) BC

25. In ΔABC, AB ≅ BC. If AB = 5x + 10 and 26. In ΔABC, AB ≅ BC. If m∠A = 7x,

BC = 3x + 40 and AC = 2x + 30, find the lengths m∠C = 2x + 50, find the measures of the angles
of each side of the triangle of the triangle.

  18  
 7x = 70
AB = 5(15) + 10 = 85 x = 10
5x + 10 = 3x + 40 BC = 3(15) + 40 = 85 ∠A = 7(10) = 70 m∠C = 2(10) + 50 = 70
-3x -10 -3x - 10 AC = 2(15) + 30 = 60
2x = 30
x = 15

27. In ΔABC, AB ≅ BC. If AB = 5x and 28. In ΔEFG, EF ≅ FG. If m∠E = 4x + 50,

BC = 2x + 15 and AC = 2x + 30, find AB and BC. m∠F = 2x + 60 and m∠G = 14x + 30, find the
measures of the angles of the triangle.

5x = 2x + 15
-2x -2x
3x = 15
x=5 2x + 60 + 14x + 30 + 4x + 50 = 180
AB = 5(5) = 25 BC = 2(5) + 15 = 25 20x + 140 = 180
AC = 2(5) + 30 = 40 -140 -140
20x = 40
x=2
m∠E = 4(2) + 50 = 58
m∠F = 2(2) + 60 = 64
m∠G = 14(2) + 30 = 58

  19  
Triangle Inequalities

The sum of the length of two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side.
An exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of either nonadjacent interior angles.
Tell whether the given lengths may be the measure of the sides of a triangle.
1) 3, 4, 5 2. 5, 8, 13 3. 6, 7, 10 4. 3, 9, 15 5. 2, 2, 3
Yes No 5 + 8 = 13 Yes No 3 + 9 = 15 Yes

6. 1, 1, 2 7. 3, 4, 4, 8. 5, 8, 11 9. 6, 2, 3 10. 5, 3, 7
No 1 + 1 = 2 Yes Yes No 2 + 3 = 6 Yes

11. 4, 6, 3 12. 9, 4, 5 13. 2, 3, 5 14. 4, 4, 8 15. 3, 4, 8

Yes No 4 + 5 = 9 No 2 + 3 = 5 No 4 + 4 = 8 No 3 + 4 = 8

16. 5, 6, 7 17. 6, 10, 9 18. 7, 5, 8 19. 6, 13, 7 20. 2, 5, 3

Yes Yes Yes No 6 + 7 =13 No 2 + 3 = 5

1. Which set of numbers could be the lengths of 2. Which set of numbers could be the lengths of
the sides of a triangle? the sides of a triangle?
1) 5,5,1 2) 3,6,9 3) 12,13,20 4) 6,7,13 1) 8,11,19 2) 11,5,5 3) 3,4,8 4) 19,16,20

3. Which set of numbers could be the lengths of 4. Which set of numbers could be the lengths of
the sides of a triangle? the sides of a triangle?
1) 4 5,6 2) 5,12,13 3) 5,5,10 4) 7,8,10 1) 3, 9,14 2) 1,2,3 3) 3,5,7 4) 4,4 8

5. Which set of numbers could not be the lengths 6. Which set of numbers could not be the lengths
of the sides of a triangle? of the sides of a triangle?
1) 1,1,2 2) 2,3,4 3) 1, , 2 4) 3,4,5 1) 4,7,9 2) 4,8,12 3) 9,10,11 4) 6,6,11

7. Which set of numbers could not be the lengths 8. Which set of numbers could be the lengths of
of the sides of a triangle? the sides of a isosceles triangle?
1) 9,12,19 2) 6,8,11 3) 7,18,11 4) 7,5,6 1) 15,5,10 2) 3,4,5 3) 1,1,3 4) 6,6,5

9. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have 10. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have
lengths 2 and 12 respectively. What is the length lengths 4 and 8. What is the third side?
of the third side 1) 4 2) 6 3) 5 4) 8
1) 9 2) 8 3) 12 4) 14

11. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have 12. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have
lengths 3 and 6. What is the third side? lengths 2 and 5. What is the third side?
1) 6 2) 3 3) 2 4) 5 1) 3 2) 5 3) 8 4) 2

  20  
13. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have 14. Two sides of an isosceles triangle have
lengths 8 and 16. What is the third side? lengths 7 and 15. What is the third side?
1) 8 2) 14 3) 24 4) 16 1) 23 2) 15 3) 20 4) 7

15. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 5 and 8. 16. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 4 and 7.
Which length can not be the length of the third Which length can not be the length of the third
side? side?
1) 5 2) 4 3) 3 4) 6 1) 11 2) 5 3) 7 4) 4

17. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 5 and 4. 18. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 4 and 8.
Which length can not be the length of the third Which length can not be the length of the third
side? side?
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4 1) 6 2) 4 3) 7 4) 5

19. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 7 and 20. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 1 and 4.
10. Which length can be the length of the third Which length can be the length of the third side?
side? 1) 3 2) 5 3) 4 4) 8
1) 3 2) 1 3) 4 4) 2

21. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 6 and 8. 22. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 10 and
Which length can be the length of the third side? 4. Which length can be the length of the third
1) 2 2) 14 3) 15 4) 7 side?
1) 6 2) 16 3) 14 4) 8

23. Two sides of a Δ are 3 and 8. The length of 24. Two sides of a Δ are 3 and 7. The length of
the third side must be greater than__11____ the third side must be greater than__10____
and less than___5___ and less than__4__

25. Two sides of a Δ are 5 and 13. The length of 26. Two sides of a Δ are 22 and 34. The length
the third side must be greater than__18____ of the third side must be greater than__56____
and less than__8___ and less than__12___

27. Two sides of a Δ are 10 and 14. The length 28. Two sides of a Δ are 5 and 10. The length of
of the third side must be greater than_24____ the third side must be greater than than__15__
and less than___4__ and less than 5__

29. Two sides of a Δ are 7 and 15. The length of 30. Two sides of a Δ are 3 and 5. The length of
the third side must be greater than than___22_ the third side must be greater than___8___ and
and less than_8___ less than__2__

  21  
An exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of either nonadjacent
interior angles.

If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are unequal, the measure of the side opposite
the smaller angle is the shorter side and the measure of the sides opposite the larger
angle is the larger side.

If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are unequal, the measure of the angle opposite
the smaller side is the smaller angle and the measure of the angle opposite the larger
side is the larger angle.

1. In ΔPQR, PQ = 5, QR = 14 and PR = 11. 2. In ΔXYZ, XY = 5, YZ = 7 and XZ = 18. What

What is the smallest angle? is the smallest angle?
1. ∠Q 2. ∠P 3. ∠R 1. ∠Y 2. ∠X 3. ∠Z

3. In ΔABC, AB = 3, BC = 4 and AC = 5. What

4. In ΔTHB, TH = 19 , HB = 14 and TB =
is the smallest angle?
4. What is the smallest angle?
1. ∠A 2. ∠B 3. ∠C
1. ∠B 2. ∠T 3. ∠H

o o o
5. In ΔKBG, KG = 22 , KB = 29 and TB = 5. 6. If m∠A = 60 , m∠B = 30 and m∠C = 90 ,
what is the shortest side of ΔABC?
What is the largest angle?
1. ∠G 2. ∠K 3. ∠B 1. AC 2. BC 3. AB

7. If m∠D = 110o, m∠E = 40o and m∠F = 30o, 8. If m∠P = 60o, m∠R = 70o and m∠S = 50o,
what is the shortest side of ΔABC? what is the shortest side of ΔPQR?
1. DE 2. EF 3. ED 1. PS 2. RS 3. PR

  22  
9. In ΔABC, find: 10. In ΔDEF, find:

a) Smallest angle_∠B_b) largest angle__∠C __ a) Smallest angle__∠F __b) largest angle_∠E _

11. In ΔPNM, find: 12. In ΔXYZ, find:

a) Smallest angle__∠M __b) largest angle_∠P a) Smallest angle_∠Z_b) largest angle_∠Y__

13. In ΔDNA, find: 14. In ΔSUE, find:

a) Smallest angle___∠D _b) largest angle_∠A a) Smallest angle ∠E b) largest angle___∠U _

__

15. In ΔAEM, find: 16. In ΔNXS, find:

a) Smallest side _AE _b) largest side__AM _ a) Smallest side__NX _b) largest side__NS _

  23  
17. In ΔYDC, find: 18. In ΔZPA, find:

a) Smallest side DY __b) largest side__ DC _ a) Smallest side_ AZ__b) largest side_ PZ _

19. In ΔYDC, find: 20. In ΔFCX, find:

a) Smallest side_ DY __b) largest side_ DC _ a) Smallest side_CF __b) largest side_ FX _

The sum of the angles of the degree measures of a triangle is 180o

Which of the following can represent the degree measures of the three angles of a triangle:
1. 20, 100, 60 2. 55, 45, 90 3. 30, 105, 40 4. 35, 125, 10
Yes No No No

Find the degree measure of the third angle of a triangle, if the 1st two angles measure:
5. 60, 40 6. 130, 20 7. 45, 55 8. 102, 34
60 + 40 = 100 130 + 20 = 150 45 + 55 = 100 102 + 34 = 136
80 30 80 44

9. If the degree measures of the angles of a 10. Each base angle of an isosceles triangle has
triangle are represented by 2x, x + 10,and a measure that is 20 more than 3 times the
3x – 10, find the value of x and the measures of measure of the vertex angle. Find the measure
the three angles. of the vertex angle.
2x + x + 10 + 3x – 10 = 180 3x + 20 + 3x + 20 + x = 180
6x = 180 7x + 40 = 180
x = 30 -40 -40
2(30) = 60 30 + 10 = 40 3(30) – 10 = 80 7x = 140
x = 20

  24  
Find the degree measure of the vertex angle of an isosceles triangle if each base angle measures:
11. 70 12. 35 13. 54 15. 72.5
14. 37    

72
40 35
100
105
Find the degree measure of each base angle of an isosceles triangle, if the vertex angle measures:
16. 50 17. 70 18. 82 19. 100 20. 75

55 40 52.5
65 49

Find the degree measure of the smallest angle of a triangle if the ratio of the measures of the three
angles is:
21. 1 : 2 : 3 22. 1 : 3 : 5 23. 1 : 4 : 7 24. 1 : 2 : 6 25. 1 : 4 : 5
1x+ 2x + 3x = 180 1x+ 3x + 5x = 180 1x+ 4x + 7x = 180 1x+ 2x + 6x = 180 1x+ 4x + 5x = 180
6x = 180 9x = 180 12x = 180 9x = 180 10x = 180
x = 30 x =20 x = 15 x = 20 x = 18

Find the degree measure of each angle of a triangle if the ratio of the measures of the three angles is:
26. 4 : 3 : 2 27. 2 : 5 : 8 28. 2 : 5 : 2 29. 3 : 4 : 5 30. 3 : 5 : 7
4x+ 3x + 2x = 180 2x+ 5x + 8x = 180 2x+ 5x + 2x = 180 3x+ 4x + 5x = 180 3x+ 5x + 7x = 180
9x = 180 15x = 180 9x = 180 12x = 180 15x = 180
x = 20 x = 12 x = 20 x = 15 x = 12
4(20) = 80 2(12) = 24 2(20) = 40 3(15) = 45 3(12) = 36
3(20) = 60 5(12) = 60 5(20) = 100 4(15) = 60 5(12) = 60
2(20) = 40 8(12) = 96 2(20) = 40 5(15) = 75 7(12) = 84

31. Each of the congruent angles of an isosceles 32. The degree measures of the angles of ΔABC
triangle measures 9 less than four times the are represented by x + 30, 2x, 3x – 30. Show
vertex angle. Find the angles of the triangle. that ΔABC is a right triangle.
4x – 9 + 4x – 9 + x = 180 x + 30 + 2x + 3x – 30 = 180
9x - 18 = 180 6x = 180
+18 +18 x = 30
9x = 198 (30) + 30 = 60
x = 22 2(30) = 60
4(22) – 9 = 79 3(30) – 30 =60
4(22) – 9 = 79
x = 22
  25  
33. If the measures of the angles of a triangle 34. If the measures of the angles of a triangle
are represented by 2x, x + 12 and 3x – 12. Find are represented by 3x, 5x - 20 and 4x + 10. Find
the measures of the three angles. the measures of the three angles.
2x + x + 12 + 3x – 12 = 180 3x + 5x – 20 + 4x + 10 = 180
6x = 180 12x – 10 = 180
x = 30 +10 +10
2(30) = 60 12x = 190
30 + 12 =42 x = 15.83333
3(30) – 12 = 78 47.49999 33.6666 63.33333

35. If the measures of the angles of a triangle 36. If the measures of the angles of a triangle
are represented by 2x - 8, x + 3 and 2x – 5. Find are represented by x - 5, 2x + 3 and 4. Find the
the measures of the three angles. measures of the three angles.
2x – 8 + x + 3 + 2x – 5 = 180 x – 5 + 2x + 3 + 4x = 180
5x - 10 = 180 7x -2 = 180
                                                                                                 +10 +10 +2 +2
5x = 190 7x = 182
x = 38 x = 26
2(38) – 8 = 68 x – 5 = 26 – 5 = 21
38 + 3 = 41 2x + 3 = 2(26) + 3 = 55
2x – 5 = 2(38) – 5 = 71 4x = 4(26) = 104

37. If the measures of the angles of a triangle 38. In ΔPQR, the measure of ∠P is twice the
are represented by 2x + 8, x - 8 and 2x – 20. measure of angle ∠Q. The measure of ∠R is
Find the measures of the three angles. three times the measure ∠P. Find the measures
2x + 8 + x - 8 + 2x – 20 = 180 of each angle.
5x – 20 = 180 ∠Q = x
+20 +20 ∠P = 2x
5x = 200 ∠R 3(2x) = 6x
x = 40
9x = 180
2x + 8 = 2(40) + 8 = 88
x = 20
x - 8 = 40 – 8 = 32
∠Q = x = 20
2x – 20 = 2(40) – 20 = 60
∠P = 2x = 2(20) = 40
∠R 3(2x) = 6x = 6(20) = 120

39. In ΔABC, the measure of ∠A is one-half the 40. In a triangle, the second angle is 15 more
measure of ∠B and the measure of ∠C is three than the first angle and the third angle is 5 more
times the measure of ∠B. Find the measures of than twice the first angle. Find the measures of
each angle. each angle.
∠B = x x
∠A = ½ x x + 15
∠C = 3x 2x + 5
4x + 20 = 180
4.5x = 180
-20 -20
x = 40
4x = 160
∠B = x = 40
x = 40
∠A = ½ x = ½ (40) = 20
x = 40
∠C = 3x = 3(40) = 120 x + 15 = 40 + 15 = 55
2x + 5 = 2(40) + 5 = 85

  26  
Exterior Angles - The measure of an exterior angles of a triangle is equal to the sum of the
measures of the two opposite angles.

Find x:
1. 2. 3.

x = 40 + 20 = 60 = x x = 40 + 90 = 130 120 = x + 75
-75 -75
45 = x

4. 5. 6.

3x + x = 140
4x = 140
x + 2x = 105 x = 35
3x = 105 4x – 80 = x – 20 + x + 2
x = 35 4x – 80 = 2x – 18
-2x +80 -2x +80
2x = 62
x = 31

7. 8. 9.

x = 68 + 90 = 158 = x
100 = x + 65
x = 34 + 25 = 59 = x -65 -65
35 = x

  27  
10. 11. 12.

60 = x + 25
-25 -25 120 = 4x – 5 + x + 5
35 = x 120 = 5x
3x + 2x = 100
x = 24
5x = 100
x = 20

13. 14. 15.

5x + 17 = 2x + 35
-2x -17 -2x -17 4x + 30 = 2x + 10 + x + 30 x = 75 + 50 = 125 = x
3x = 18 4x + 30 = 3x + 40
x=6 -3x -30 -3x -30
x = 10

1. Find the measure of either of the exterior
angles formed by extending the base of an
isosceles triangle, if the vertex angle of the
triangle is 20.
180 – 20 = 160/2 = 80 Base Angles
Ext 180 – 80 = 100 Ext. Angle
2. Find the measure of either of the exterior
angles formed by extending the base of an
isosceles triangle, if the vertex angle of the
triangle is 82.
180 – 82 = 98/2 = 49 Base Angle
180 – 49 = 131 Ext Angles

3. Find the measure of either of the exterior
angles formed by extending the base of an
isosceles triangle, if the vertex angle of the
triangle is 40.
180 – 40 = 140/2 = 70 Base Angle
ext 180 – 70 = 110 Ext Angle
4. Find the measure of either of the exterior
angles formed by extending the base of an
isosceles triangle, if the vertex angle of the
triangle is 135.
180 – 135 = 45/2 = 22.5
Ext 180 - 22.5 = 157.5 Ext Angle

  28
 
5. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles
triangle measures 140, find the number of
degrees in the vertex angle.
Base Angle = 40
180 – 40 – 40 = 100 Vertex Angle
7. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles
triangle measures 135, find the number of
degrees in the vertex angle.
Base Angle = 45
180 – 45 – 45 = 90 Vertex Angle
9. In ΔPQR, the measure of ∠P is twice the
measure of ∠Q. If an exterior angle at vertex ∠R
has a degree measure of 120, find m∠Q
3x = 120
x = 40
m∠Q = 40
11. In the figure, AB ⎪⎪ CD and PQR and SQ are
drawn. If m∠x = 44 and m∠y = 98, find:
a) m∠QRS_44__b)m∠RQS__54__
c) m∠x___44_
13. In the figure, EF ⎪⎪ GH and PQR and SQ are
drawn. If m∠x = 70 and m∠z = 60, find m∠y.
m∠y = 130
  29
6. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles
triangle measures 125, find the number of
degrees in the vertex angle.
Base Angle = 55
180 – 55 – 55 = 70 Vertex Angle
8. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles
triangle measures 100, find the number of
degrees in the vertex angle.
Base Angle = 80
180 – 80 – 80 = 20 Vertex Angle
10. In ΔABC, m∠B is four times as large as
m∠A. An exterior angle at ∠C measures 125.
Find the degrees m∠A.
m∠A = 25
12. In the figure, EF ⎪⎪ GH and PQR and SQ are
drawn. If m∠x = 68 and m∠y = 117, find m∠x.
14. In the figure, EF ⎪⎪ GH and PQR and SQ are
drawn. If m∠y = 123 and m∠z = 158, find m∠x.
m∠x = 130
15. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles 16. In ΔTRS, ∠S is a right angle. The exterior
triangle is always angle at vertex ∠S is
1) right 2) acute 1) right 2) acute
3) obtuse 4) equal to base angle 3) obtuse 4) straight

17. For ΔABC, m∠A = 40 and m∠B =60. The 18. In ΔABC, an exterior angle at C measures
degree measure of the exterior angle at vertex C 100 degrees and angle B measures 20 degrees.
is ΔABC must be
1) 40 2) 60 1) isosceles 2) right
3) 80 4) 100 3) obtuse 4) equiangular

19. Side AC of ΔABC is extended through C to 20. In ΔDEF, m∠D = 2x + 4, m∠E = 6x – 58.
D. ∠BCD measures 108, and the measure of The degree measure of an exterior angle at F is
∠A is twice the measure of ∠B. ΔABC must be represented by 5x.

1) isosceles 2) right a) find x 18__ b) Show ΔDEF is a right Δ

3) obtuse 4) scalene 5x = 6x – 58 + 2x + 4
5x = 8x – 54
-8x -8x
-3x = -54
x = 18

21. If m∠T = 25, what m∠PQR? 22. If m∠T = 22, what m∠PQR?

23. In ΔABC, AC is extended through C to D. If 24. In ΔABC, AC is extended through C to D. If

m∠BCD = 4x – 80, ∠BAC = x – 6 and m∠BCD = 5x – 4, ∠BAC = x + 30 and
∠ABC = x – 4, what is the value of x? ∠ABC = x + 20, what is the value of x?
4x – 80 = x – 6 + x – 4 5x – 4 = x + 20 +x + 30
-2x +80 -2x +80 -2x +4 -2x +4
2x = 70 3x = 54
x = 35 x = 18

  30  
1. The degree measure of the vertex angle of an 2. In ΔABC, ∠A = ∠C. If AB = 8x + 4 and
isosceles triangle is 120. Find the measure of a CB = 3x + 24, find x.
base angle of the triangle. 8x + 4 = 3x + 24
-3x -4 -3x -4
180 – 120 = 60/2 = 30 Base Angle 5x = 20
x=4

3. In an isosceles triangle, if the measure of the 4. In a triangle, the degree measure of the three
vertex angle is three times the measure of the angles are represented by x, x + 25 and x – 5.
base angle, find the degree measure of the base Find the angle measures.
angle. x + x + 25 + x – 5 = 180
3x + x + x = 180 3x + 20 = 180
5x = 180 -20 -20
x = 36 Base Angles 3x = 160
108 Vertex Angle x = 53.33333

5. In ΔPQR, m∠P = 35 and m∠Q = 85. What is
the degree measure of an exterior angle at
vertex R?
exterior angle = 35 + 85 = 120 Ext Angle
6. An exterior angle at the base of an isosceles
triangle measure 130. Find the measure of the
vertex angle.
180 – 130 = 50 Base Angle
180 – 50 – 50 = 80 Vertex Angle

7. In ΔABC, If AB = AC and m∠A = 70, find 8. In ΔDEF, If DE = DF and m∠E = 70, find
m∠A. m∠D.
180 – 70 – 70 = 40 Vertex Angle
m∠A = 70, find m∠A

9. In ΔPQR, PQ is extended through Q to point T, 10. The measure of angles of a triangle are in a
forming exterior angle RQT. If m∠RQT = 70 and ratio of 2 : 3 : 5. Find the degree measure of the
m∠R = 10, find m∠P smallest angle of the triangle.
m∠P = 60 2x + 3x + 5x = 180
10x = 180
x = 18
2(18) = 36
3(18) = 54
5(18) = 90

  31  
3 1. The diagram below shows ΔABD, with ABC, 2. In the diagram of ΔJEA below, m∠JEA = 90o
BE ⊥ AD, and ∠EBD = ∠CBD. and m∠EAJ = 48o. Line segment MS connects
points M and S on the triangle, such that
m∠EMS = 58o.

If m∠ABE = 52o, what is m∠D?

1) 26
2) 36
3) 52 What is m∠JSM?
4) 64 1) 163
2) 121
3) 42
4) 17

3. The angles of triangle ABC are in the ratio of 4. In an equilateral triangle, what is the difference
8 : 3 : 4. What is the measure of the smallest between the sum of the exterior angles and the
angle? sum of the interior angles?
1) 12º 1) 180°
2) 24º 2) 120°
3) 36º 3) 90°
4) 72º 4) 60°
96, 36, 48 Ext 360 int = 180

5. Triangle PQR has angles in the ratio of 6. In ΔABC, m∠A = 3x + 1, m∠B = 4x - 17, and
2 : 3 : 5. Which type of triangle is ΔPQR? m∠C = 5x - 20. Which type of triangle is ΔABC?
1) acute 1) right
2) isosceles 2) scalene
3) obtuse 3) isosceles
4) right 4) equilateral
36, 54, 90
3x + 1 + 4x – 17 + 5x – 20 = 180
12x - 36 = 180
+36 +36
12x = 216
x = 18
m∠A = 3(18) + 1 = 55
m∠B = 4(18) – 17 = 55
m∠C = 5(18) – 20 = 70
  32  
 7. In ΔABC, m∠A = x, m∠B = 2x + 2, and 8. In ΔDEF, m∠D = 3x + 5, m∠E = 4x - 15, and
m∠C = 3x + 4. What is the value of x? m∠F = 2x + 10. Which statement is true?
1) 29 1) DF = FE
2) 31 2) DE = FE
3) 59 3) m∠E = m∠F
4) 61 4) m∠D = m∠F
x + 2x + 2 + 3x + 4 = 180
6x + 6 = 180 3x + 5 + 4x – 15 + 2x + 10 = 180
-6 -6 9x = 180
6x = 174 x = 20
x = 29 m∠D = 3x + 5 = 3(20) + 5 = 65
m∠E = 4x – 15 = 4(20) – 15 = 65
m∠F = 2x + 10 = 2(20) + 10 = 50

9. Juliann plans on drawing ΔABC, where the 10. The degree measures of the angles of ΔABC
measure of m∠A can range from 50° to 60° and are represented by x, 3x, and 5x - 24. Find the
the measure of m∠B can range from 90° to value of x.
100°. Given these conditions, what is the x + 3x + 5x – 24 = 180
correct range of measures possible for m∠C? 9x – 24 = 180
1) 20° to 40° +24 +24
2) 30° to 50° 9x = 204
3) 80° to 90° x = 22.6666
4) 120° to 130°

A
11. In right ΔDEF, m∠D = 90 and m∠F 12. In ΔABC, the measure of angle A is fifteen
is 12 degrees less than twice m∠E. Find m∠E. less than twice the measure of angle B. The
x + 2x – 12 + 90 = 180 measure of angle C equals the sum of the
3x + 78 = 180 measures of angle A and angle B. Determine the
-78 -78 measure of angle B.
3x = 102 x + 2x – 15 + 3x – 15 = 180
x = 34 = m∠E 6x – 30 = 180
+30 +30
6x = 210
x = 35

  33
 
 1. What is the measure of the largest angle in
the accompanying triangle?
2. A billboard on level ground is supported by a
brace, as shown in the accompanying diagram.
The measure of angle A is 15° greater than twice
the measure of angle B. Determine the measure
of angle A and the measure of angle B.

1) 41
2) 46.5
3) 56
4) 83
x + 15 +2x + 1 + x = 180  

4x + 16 = 180  m∠B = x m∠A = 2x + 15

-16 -16 3x + 15 = 90
4x = 164 -15 -15  
x = 41 3x = 75
41, 56, 83 x = 25
m∠B = x = 25
m∠A = 2x + 15 = 65

3. In right triangle ABC, m∠C = 3y – 10, 4. If the measures of the angles of a triangle are
m∠B = y + 40, and m∠A = 90. What type of represented by 2x, 3x – 15, and 7x - 15 the
right triangle is triangle ABC? triangle is
1) scalene 1) an isosceles triangle
2) isosceles 2) a right triangle
3) equilateral 3) an acute triangle
4) obtuse 4) an equiangular triangle
m∠C = 45 – 10 4y + 120 = 180 12x – 30 = 180
m∠B = 15+ 40 -120 -120 +30 +30
m∠A = 90 4y = 60 12x = 210
y = 15 x = 17.5
2(17.5) = 35 3(17.5) – 15 = 37.5
7(17.5) – 15 =107.5
5. If the measures, in degrees, of the three 6. In ΔABC, the measure of m∠B is 21 less than
angles of a triangle are x, x + 10 and four times the measure of m∠A, and the measure
2x – 6,the triangle must be of m∠C is 1 more than five times the measure of
1) isosceles m∠A. Find the measure, in degrees, of each
2) equilateral angle of
3) right m∠A = x , m∠B = 4x – 21
4) scalene m∠C = 5x + 1
ANS:x + x + 10 + 2x – 6 = 180 10x – 20 = 180
4x + 4 = 180 +20 +20
-4 -4 10x = 200
4x = 176 x = 20
x = 44 20, 59, 101
44, 54, 80

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1. The accompanying diagram shows the roof of 2. Tina wants to sew a piece of fabric into a scarf
a house that is in the shape of an isosceles in the shape of an isosceles triangle, as shown in
triangle. The vertex angle formed at the peak of the accompanying diagram.
the roof is 84°.

What are the values of x and y?

What is the measure of x? 1) x = 42 and y = 96 2) x = 69 and y = 69
1) 138° 2) 96° 3) 84° 4) 48° 3) x = 90 and y = 48 4) x = 96 and y = 42
180 – 84 = 96/2 = 48 = x y = 42, x = 96
ANS:

3. In the accompanying diagram, 4. In the accompanying diagram, ΔABC and

I isosceles ΔABC ≅ , isosceles ΔDEF, m∠C = 5x, ΔABD
and m∠D = 2x + 18. Find m∠B and m∠BAG. are isosceles triangles with m∠CAB = 50 and
m∠BDA = 55. If AB = AC and AB = BD, what is
m∠CBD?

5x = 2x + 18 m∠B = 120
-2x -2x m∠BAG = 180 – 30 = m∠CBA = 65
150 m∠DBA = 70
3x = 18 m∠CBD = 135
x=6

  35  
 5. In isosceles triangle DOG, the measure of the 6. Vertex angle A of isosceles triangle ABC
vertex angle is three times the measure of one of measures 20° more than three times m∠B. Find
the base angles. Which statement about ΔDOG m∠C.
is true? x + x + 3x + 20 = 180
1) ΔDOG is a scalene triangle. ANS: 5x + 20 = 180
2) ΔDOG is an acute triangle. -20 -20
3) ΔDOG is a right triangle. 5x = 160
4) ΔDOG is a obtuse triangle x = 32
5x = 180
x = 36, 36, 108

7. Hersch says if a triangle is an obtuse triangle, 8. If the vertex angles of two isosceles triangles
then it cannot also be an isosceles triangle. Using are congruent, then the triangles must be
a diagram, show that Hersch is incorrect, and 1) acute 2) congruent
indicate the measures of all the angles and sides 3) right 4) similar
to justify your answer.

Draw an Isosceles Obtuse Triangle

9. In ΔABC, AB ≅ BC. An altitude is drawn from 10. In isosceles triangle ABC, AB = BC. Which
B to AC and intersects AC at D. Which statement will always be true?
conclusion is not always true? 1) m∠B = m∠A 2) m∠A > m∠B
1) ∠ABD ≅ ∠CBD 2) ∠BDA ≅ ∠BDC 3) m∠A = m∠C 4) m∠C < m∠B
3) AD≅BD 4) AD≅DC

1. Which set of numbers represents the 2. Phil is cutting a triangular piece of tile. If the
lengths of the sides of a triangle? triangle is scalene, which set of numbers could
1) {5,18,13} represent the lengths of the sides?
2) {6,17,22} 1) {2,4,7}
3) {16,24,7} 2) {4,15,6}
4) {26,8,15} 3) {3,5,8}
4) {5,5,10}

3. Which set can not represent the lengths of 4. Which set could not represent the lengths of the
the sides of a triangle? sides of a triangle?
v 1) {4,5,6} 1) {3,4,5}
2) {5,5,11} 2) {2,5,9}
3) {7,7,12} 3) {5,10,12}
4) {8,8,8} 4) {7,9,11}

  36  
5. In ΔABC, AB = 5 feet and BC = 3 feet. 6. If two sides of a triangle are 1 and 3, the third
Which inequality represents all possible side may be
values for the length of AC, in feet? 1) 5
1) 2 ≤ AC ≤ 8 2) 2
2) 2 < AC < 8 3) 3
3) 3 ≤ AC ≤ 7 4) 4
4) 3 < AC < 7

7. If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are 8. Sara is building a triangular pen for her pet rabbit.
4 and 10, what could be the length of the third If two of the sides measure 8 feet and 15 feet, the
side? length of the third side could be
1) 6 1) 13 ft
2) 8 2) 7 ft
3) 14 3) 3 ft
4) 16 4) 23 ft

9. The direct distance between city A and city 10. A box contains one 2-inch rod, one 3-inch rod,
B is 200 miles. The direct distance between one 4-inch rod, and one 5-inch rod. What is the
city B and city C is 300 miles. Which could be maximum number of different triangles that can be
the direct distance between city C and city A? made using these rods as sides?
1) 50 miles 1) 1
2) 350 miles 2) 2
3) 550 miles 3) 3
4) 650 miles 4) 4
11. How many integer values of x are there 12. The plot of land illustrated in the accompanying
so that x, 5, and 8 could be the lengths of the diagram has a perimeter of 34 yards. Find the
sides of a triangle? length, in yards, of each side of the figure. Could
1) 6 these measures actually represent the measures of
2) 9 the sides of a triangle? Explain your answer.
3) 3
4) 13
13. In the diagram below of ΔABC, D is a 14. A plot of land is in the shape of rhombus ABCD
point on AB, AC = 7, AD = 6, and BC = 18. as shown below.

The length of DB could be

1) 5 Which can not be the length of diagonal AC?
2) 12 1) 24 m
3) 19 2) 18 m

  37  
 4) 25 3) 11 m
4) 4 m
15. José wants to build a triangular pen for 16. On the banks of a river, surveyors marked
his pet rabbit. He has three lengths of boards locations A, B, and C. The measure of
already cut that measure 7 feet, 8 feet, and 16 and the measure of ∠ABC = 65o.
feet. Explain why José cannot construct a
pen in the shape of a triangle with sides of 7
feet, 8 feet, and 16 feet.

Jose has a 7 and 8 foot board. If you

where to add these 2 sides it equals 15,
but the third side is already 16. Will not Which expression shows the relationship between
form a triangle the lengths of the sides of this triangle?
1) AB < BC < AC
2) BC < AB < AC
3) BC < AC < AB
4) AC < AB < BC

17. In ΔABC, m∠A = 60o, m∠B = 80o, and 18. In ΔABC, m∠A = 95o, m∠B = 50o, and
m∠C = 40o. Which inequality is true? m∠C = 35o. Which expression correctly relates the
1) AB > BC lengths of the sides of this triangle?
2) AC > BC 1) AB < BC < AC
3) AC < BA 2) AB < AC < BC
4) BC < BA 3) AC < BC < AB
4) BC < AC < AB

19. In ΔRST, m∠R = 58o, and m∠S = 73o 20. In scalene triangle ABC, m∠B = 45o and
Which inequality is true? m∠C = 55o. What is the order of the sides in length,
1) RT < TS < RS from longest to shortest?
2) RS < RT < TS 1) AB, BC, AC
3) RT < RS < TS 2) BC, AC, AB
4) RS < TS < RT 3) AC, BC, AB
4) BC, AB, AC

21. In ΔABC, ∠A ≅ ∠B and m∠C is an 22. In ΔABC, AB = 7, BC = 8 and AC = 9. Which list

obtuse angle. Which statement is true? has the angles of ΔABC in order from smallest to
1) AC ≅ AB and BC is the longest side. largest?
2) AC ≅ BC and AB is the longest side. 1) ∠A, ∠B,∠C
3) AC ≅ AB and BC is the shortest side. 2) ∠B, ∠A, ∠C
4) AC ≅ BC and AB is the shortest side. 3) ∠C, ∠B, ∠A
4) ∠C, ∠A, ∠B
  38  
23. In ΔPQR, PQ = 8, QR = 12, and 24. In ΔABC, m∠A = x2+ 12 m∠B = 11x + 5,
RP = 13,and . Which statement about the and m∠C = 13x - 17. Determine the longest side of
angles of ΔPQR must be true? ΔABC.
1) m∠Q > m∠P > m∠R x2 + 24x -180 = 0 6(30)
2) m∠Q > m∠R > m∠P (x – 6)(x + 30) = 0
3) m∠R > m∠P > m∠Q x =6 x = -30
4) m∠P > m∠R > m∠Q m∠A = x2+ 12 = 36 + 12 = 48
m∠B = 11x + 5 = 11(6) + 5 = 71
m∠C = 13x – 17 = 13(6) – 17 = 61

25. As shown in the diagram of ΔACD below, 26. In the diagram below of ΔABC with side
B is a point on and is drawn. extended through D, m∠A = 37o and
m∠BCD = 117o . Which side of ΔABC is the longest
side? Justify your answer.
AC = longest side

If m∠A = 66, m∠CDB = 18 and m∠C = 24,

what is the longest side of ΔABD?
1) AB 3) AD
2) BD 4) BD

  39