UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN

COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND ALLIED MEDICAL PROFESSIONS

PHARMACY DEPARTMENT
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY AND TAXONOMY (PhBioSci1)

ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: Allysa Rose Gloria Course, Year and Section: PHARM1F Score: ________
Instructor’s Name: Mr. Balili Group No: ____ Member No: ____ Date: 10/15/2021

ACTIVITY 3: MITOSIS
RESULTS:
a. Draw the different stages of mitosis you examine under microscope.
b.

Interphase Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase Telophase
QUESTIONS:
1. Why does the root tip an ideal specimen for examining mitotic divisions?
Root tip is an ideal specimen for examining mitosis since it has an active cell division on this area. The tip
of the root has the root apical meristem, or also known as the root apex. It is a small region at the tip of a root
in which all cells are capable of repeated division and from which all primary root tissues are derived. This
means that the cell division on this said area is continuous and the cells rapidly divide on this area.

2. Differentiate mitosis from meiosis.

Cells divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis, and meiosis. Mitosis results in two identical daughter
cells, whereas meiosis results in four sex cells. Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in which the cell
divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell. Meiosis
is a type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half through the separation
of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells.
3. Define the following:
a. G0 Phase
The G0 phase (referred to the G zero phase) or resting phase is a period in the cell cycle in which
cells exist in a quiescent state. G0 phase is viewed as either an extended G1 phase, where the cell is
neither dividing nor preparing to divide, or a distinct quiescent stage that occurs outside of the cell cycle.
b. G1 Phase
G1 is an intermediate phase occupying the time between the end of cell division in mitosis and
the beginning of DNA replication during S phase. During this time, the cell grows in preparation for DNA
replication, and certain intracellular components, such as the centrosomes undergo replication.

c. S Phase
S phase, or synthesis, is the phase of the cell cycle when DNA packaged into chromosomes is
replicated. This event is an essential aspect of the cell cycle because replication allows for each cell
created by cell division to have the same genetic make-up
d. G2 Phase
Similar to G1, G2 is an intermediate phase, a time for the cell to ensure that it is ready to proceed
in the cell cycle. Occurring between the end of DNA replication in S phase and the beginning of cell
division in mitosis, G2 can be thought of as a safety gap during which a cell can check to make sure that
the entirety of its DNA and other intracellular components have been properly duplicated.

e. Prophase
Prophase is the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a
parent cell into two identical daughter cells. During prophase, the complex of DNA and proteins
contained in the nucleus, known as chromatin, condenses.

f. Metaphase
Metaphase is a stage during the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis). Usually, individual
chromosomes cannot be observed in the cell nucleus. However, during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis
the chromosomes condense and become distinguishable as they align in the center of the dividing cell.
Metaphase chromosomes are used during the karyotyping procedure that is used to look for chromosomal
abnormalities.

g. Anaphase
Anaphase is the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a
parent cell into two identical daughter cells. The separated chromosomes are then pulled by the spindle to
opposite poles of the cell.

h. Telophase
Telophase is the final phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material
carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells. Telophase begins once the
replicated, paired chromosomes have been separated and pulled to opposite sides, or poles, of the cell.