IEEE Citation Style

The IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers which is an
organization that supports various branches of engineering, computer science, and information
technology. The IEEE style of referencing makes use of a numbered referencing style that
utilizes citation numbers encased in square brackets in the text. What makes the IEEE citation
style different from the other styles is that the name of the author isn’t required in in-text citation.
The following points should be considered when using the IEEE citation style:
1. Place the bracketed citation within the line of text and before any punctuations such as
commas and periods.
2. Sources are numbered when cited in the paper. Once a number is assigned, the same
number must be used when referencing that source.
3. When citing multiple sources at once, the preferred method is to list each number
separately in their own brackets and then separated by a comma or dash in between
numbers.
Example In-Text Citations
1. “The theory was described in his book [1].”
2. “Scholtz [2] argued that…”
3. “Several studies [3], [4], and [5] point out that…”
Bibliography
Similar to the other citation styles, a reference list or bibliography appears at the end of
the paper which provides the full citations for all the references that were used in the paper. The
references are listed in the order that sources were cited in the paper. The following are also
some points to be considered when creating a reference list using the IEEE style:
1. The title of the list should be References and must be either centered or aligned left at the
top of the page.
2. A hanging indent must be made for each reference with the bracketed numbers flushed
with the left side of the page.
3. The author’s name is listed as first initial, last name.
4. The title of an article must be listed in quotation marks.
5. The title of a journal or book is listed in italic.
Citing Authors
Single Author [1] D. Sarunyagate, Ed., Lasers. New York: McGraw-Hill,
1996.
Multiple Authors (up to 3) [2] L. Bass, P. Clements, and R. Kazman, Software
Architecture in Practice, 2nd ed. Reading, MA:
Addison Wesley, 2003. [E-book] Available: Safari e-
book.

[3] S. Adachi, T. Horio, and T. Suzuki. "Intense vacuum-

 ultraviolet single-order harmonic pulse by a deep-
ultraviolet driving laser," in Conf. Lasers and Electro-
Optics, San Jose, CA, 2012, pp.2118-2120

Multiple Authors (more than [4] F. Yan et al., "Study on the interaction mechanism between
3) laser and rock during perforation," Optics and Laser
Technology, vol. 54, pp. 303-308, Dec 2013.