SCIENCE UNIT 1

The classification system begins with big groups and moves down to smaller groups. The biggest groups are called
kingdoms. All living things are classified into five different kingdoms.

LIVING THINGS

PLANTS ANIMALS FUNGI MONERANS PROTOCTISTS

All living things belong to one of the five different kingdoms: plants, animals, bacteria(monerans) and
protoctists.The two largest kingdoms are the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom.

Each kingdom is split into more groups called phyla ( singular= phylum)

The animal kingdom is divided into seven phyla. Humans are in the vertebrate phylum.

All animals in the vertebrates phylum have skeletons and a backbones, and are known as vertebrates. The animals
in the other six phyla do not have backbones and are called invertebrates.

The vertebrate phylum is divided into five classes: amphibians, birds, fish, mammals and reptiles.The classes are
divided into even more groups!

The two smallest groups are the genus and species. Lions belong to the genus Panthera which is a group containing
only big cats. The species that lions belong to is called leo. Only lions are in the species leo .Scientists give lions a
name in Latin, Panthera leo.

This way of naming things, with two Latin words was developed in1735 by Carl Linnaeus ( 1707-1778)He used Latin
because all the scientist of his day wrote in Latin

1. What are the names of the five different kingdoms.

2. A kingdom is divided into more groups. What are these called?
3. What are animals that do not have a backbone called?
4. Write down a which kingdom, b which phylum and c which class humans belong to
5. Why is classification so useful?
6. Humans are called Homo sapiens by scientists. Which one of these words is the genus name for humans?
7. Who developed this way of naming things?
 ORGANISMS

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Unicellular Multicellular

MONERA

PROTISTA

With cell wall without cell wall

Phototrophic Heterotrophic

ANIMALIA

PLANTAE FUNGI

The Classification Ladder : Dear king please come over for good soup

We can further classify an organism into these subgroups

KINGDOM The largest number of organism

PHYLUM The

CLASS number

ORDER of

FAMILY organisms

GENUS decreases

SPECIES Smallest number of organisms-the animal is named

Each kingdom is divided into divisions ( for plants) or phyla ( for animals ); which can be divided into orders. Each
order is made up of families; families are divided into genus and the genus into species

Example:Humans

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Vertebrate Class: Mammal Order: Primate Family : Hominid
Genus : Homo Species: Homo sapiens

Review:

1. The small units that make up living organisms are called…………………………

2. Organisms made up of many cells are called …………………………..organisms.
3. The ……………………..controls the functions of a cell.
4. Cells in most animals and plants are…………………….
5. All organisms in the ………………………….kingdom are bacteria.
Guess which parts of a cell the following description refers to:
The cell gate ……………………………….
Storage tanks……………………………..
Control centre…………………………….
Food producers…………………………………..
Protector…………………………………
Jelly filling ……………………………………
Correct the mistakes.
1. Fungi take in nutrients through photosynthesis.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Algae belong to the monera kingdom.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Some animals can make their own food.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Yeast is a multicellular protest
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. A virus is an unicellular organism.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. All bacteria are harmful.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. They contain chlorophyll and only plant cells have them ……………………………
2. It controls what enters and leaves the cell………………………………………………….
3. It controls all the functions of the cell ……………………………………………………….
4. It contains various chemicals…………………………………………………………………
5. It gives plant cells their shape…………………………………………………………
6. These storage bubbles contain water and minerals……………………………………………

kingdom…………………………
Phyum…………………………..
Class……………………………..
Order ……………………………
Family…………………………..
Genus……………………………
Species…………………………..
Scientific names , can you guess?
Cannis lupus………………………………
Panthera tigris……………………………
Homo sapiens……………………………
Homos neanderthalensis………………………………….
Escherichia coli…………………………………………………
Staphyllococcus aureus…………………………………………
Felis catus……………………………………………………………..