Department of Education

NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

HOME ECONOMICS-NAIL CARE SERVICES 7/8

Week 5 Module 5

Most Essential Learning Competency:

LO 2.1. Identify nail structure and its parts
2.1.1 Identify nail structure and shapes

(TLE_HEBC7/8MT-0j-6)

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 Lesson 2.1 Identify nail structure and its parts

EXPECTATIONS:

After you finished this module, you must be able to:

1. Identify the different structures and parts of the nail.
2. Draw the structures and parts of the nail.
3. Appreciate the importance of nail parts.
Let us start your journey in learning more on the nail care tools, materials and equipment. I am sure you
are ready and excited to answer the Pretest. Smile and cheer up!

PRE-TEST
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Direction: Read the statement properly and encircle the correct answer.
1. The whitish half-moon shape at the base of the nail.
A. Free edge B. Lunula C. Nail root D. Nail wall
2. A horny translucent plate which protects the tips of the finger and toes.
A. Bone B. Hair C. Nail D. Skin
3. The nail is composed mainly of substances which form the base of all horny
tissues.
A. Blood B. Bone C. Keratine D. Nerve
4. __________ is the technical term referring to a specific field of expertise of nails.
A. Conyx B. Honyx C. Nonyx D. Onyx
5. Finger nails grow about ______ in a month.
A. .1mm B. .3mm C. .5mm D. .8mm

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Direction: Differentiate sanitation from sterilization and write on the box the
example of the things that can be sanitized and can be sterilize.

Sanitize Sterilize

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

The perfect manicure or pedicure starts with healthy, resilient nails and the
role of the nail care professional in their care is critical. Before selecting a nail polish
it is important to check and analyse the condition of a client’s nails.

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 You should be able to identify and address some common conditions that
effect nails and nail growth. If the eyes are the windows to our soul, then the
condition of our nails is a window to our health. At the beginning of each manicure
or pedicure service, you should perform a thorough client consultation that will help
you customize the most effective nail care protocols for your client’s specific needs.

LESSON 2.1: Identify nail structure and its parts

Definition of Terms:
1. Nail- a horn-like keratinous envelope covering the tips of the fingers and toes in
most primates.
2. Keratin - a type of protein that forms the cells that makes up the tissues in nails
and other parts of the body.
3. Capillaries – a tiny blood vessel sits under the nail bed. Blood that flows through
the capillaries helps nail grow and give the pinkish color.
4. Dermis – the layer of the skin that lies beneath the epidermis and above the
subcutaneous layer. It is the thickest layer of the skin.
5. Epidermis – the thin, outer layer of the skin that is visible to the eye and works

NAIL- Is a horny translucent plate or a horn like keratinous envelope which protects
the tips of the fingers and toes in most primates.
ONYX- Is the technical term or natural term of nail. Nail is composed mainly of
keratin. Keratin is a type of protein that forms the cells that makes up the horny
tissues in nails and other part of your body. These cells of our hair and skin are from
keratin too.
CAPILLIARIES- A tiny blood vessels sits under the nail bed. Blood that flows through
the capillaries helps nail grow and give the pinkish color.

NAIL GROWTH The growth of the nails is influenced by:

1. Age- the rate of nail growth changes throughout the person’s lifetime. Children
nails has been associated with a faster nail grow rate. As you get older, nail growth
slower.
2. Gender- Men’s nails grow faster than women’s nails, except during pregnancy.
Pregnant women experience hormonal imbalance resulting to a rapid nail growth.
3. Nutrition - the healthier the food you eat the quicker and stronger nails will grow.
But if you are in medication, the growth of your nail will be affected.
4. Climate - Nail grows quicker in hotter environments or during summer time.
According to Broken Secrets by Chad Upton, “Nail grows faster in sunlight and
generally has more daylight available and spends more time exposed to it in summer.
This is because your body produces more vitamin D in a daylight, which is important
for nail growth”.
5. Chemical- chemical like benzalkonium chloride, polymers, plasticizers that has in
nail polishes can slow nail growth and can cause them to be weaker.
6. Nail care- a good nail care routine will help nails grow stronger and longer.
Finger nails grow about .5 millimeters each month. And toenail grows about 1.5
millimeters per month. Fingernails also grow faster on your dominant hand; the
finger nail on your middle finger usually grows the fastest and slowest to your thumb.

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 FREE EDGE

NAIL BODY
NAIL PLATE

NAIL ROOT

Nail Consist of three 3 Parts

1. Free-edge – end portion of the nail which extends beyond the fingertips that can
be shaped during manicure and pedicure.
2. Nail body/ nail plate – visible hard part of nail attached to the nail bed and
composed of layers of dead cells.
3. Nail root – beginning of nail found at the base and embedded underneath the skin.

Structure beneath the nail

1. Nail bed – the skin where the nail plate rest. It is a skin with a layer of epidermis
and a layer of dermis
2. Matrix – the portion of the nail bed that sits at the base of the nail plate. Matrix
contains nerves and blood vessels and gives rise to nail plate cells at the root of the
nail.
3. Lunula – half shape; a small portion of the nail matrix visible as a white crescent.
Structure surrounding the nail
1. Cuticle – is a protective layer of dead cells around the nail that covers and seals
the back of the nail pate.
2. Hyponychium – is the skin under the free –edge of the nail which protects the nail
bed.
3. Nail walls – folds of the skin overlapping the sides of the nail
4. Mantle – is the skin covering the matrix and base of the nail plate.
5. Nail grooves – lies along side of the edge of nail plate, which protects the nail bed
from infection.

Activity 1
Draw and label the structure of the nail. Scoring rubric.

CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1 Score
Neatness
Image quality
Work finish on time
TOTAL

Rating Scale
5- Excellent 4-Very good 3- Good 2/1- Needs Improvement

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Activity 2
LABELING
Direction: Label the structure of the nail

16.
11.

12. 17.

18.
13.

19.
14.

20.

15.

REMEMBER
As the nail grows, new nail plate cells in the nail root push older cells up the nail plate. As
they are pushed up, these cells become flattened and translucent.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Direction: Read the statement carefully and encircle the correct answer.
1. The whitish half-moon shape at the base of the nail

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 A. Free- edge B. Lunula C. Nail root D. Nail walls
2. The structure of the nail that contains blood and nerves.
A. Free edge B. Hyponychium C. Matrix D. Nail grooves
3. A protective layer of dead cells around the nail that cover and seal the back
of the nail.
A. Cuticle B. Nail groove C. Nail plate D. Nail wall
4. The nail composed mainly of substance which forms the cells the base of
all horny tissues.
A. Acid B. Alcohol C. Keratin D. Sulfur
5. It is a horny translucent plate which protects the fingers and toes.
A. Hair B. Hand and foot C. Nail D. Skin

POST TEST
MULTIPLE CHOICE

Direction: Read the statement carefully and encircle the correct answer.
1. The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is
the.
A. Cuticle B. Free edge C. Matrix D. Nail plate
2. Fingernails also grow faster on your _________________ hand.
A. Dominant B. Least C. Left D. Right
3. The beginning of nail found at the base and embedded underneath the
skin.
A. Free edge B. Nail bed C. Nail plate D. Nail root
4.Is a horny translucent plate or a horn like keratinous envelope which
protects the tips of the fingers and toes in most primates.
A. Cuticle B. Nail plate C. Nail root D. Nail wall
5.__________________ experience hormonal imbalance resulting to a rapid nail
growth.
A. Adult B. Old men C. Pregnant women D. Teenager

Draw and label the structure of the nail in a short bond paper. 10 pts.

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REFERENCES

NAIL-https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/how-fast-do-nails-grow#factors-
that-affect-nail-growth

https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/how-to-make-your-nails-grow-faster
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.wired.com/2014/08/wuwt-nails/amp
https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-
care/what-are-nails-made-of#1
https://www.google.com/amp/s/sublimenailsandbeauty.wordpress.com/2016/07/
11/all-about-factors- affecting-nail-growth/amp/

Development Team:

Writer/s : Monica O. Duque, TII, Raja Soliman Sci. & Tech. H.S.
Validator : Angelita R. Quintal, HT VI, M.L. Quezon High School
Carmi C. Santos, HTIII, M. Marcos Memorial High School
Reviewer : Carmelina DM. Tan, PSDS.
Management Team:

Regional Director : Malcolm S. Garma, Director IV

Schools Division Superintendent : Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V
CLMD Chief : Genia V. Santos
CID Chief : Aida H. Rondilla
Regional EPS (Learning Area) : James Roldan
Regional LR : Dennis M. Mendoza
SDO Supervisor In-Charge of H.E. : Carmelina DM. Tan
SDO LR : Lucky S. Carpio
Regional Librarian : Nancy M. Mabunga
PDO II : Albert James P. Macaraeg
Librarian II : Lady Hannah C. Gillo

ANSWER KEY

5. C 4.B 3.B 2.A 1. B

POST TEST

9. Matrix 10. Mantle 6. Hyponychium 7. Nail grooves 8. Nail bed

5.Cuticle 4.Lunula 3. Nail wall 2. Nail plate 1. Free-edge

Checking your Understanding

Activity 2 Rubrics

5. C 4.C 3.D 2.C Activity 1 1.B

LESSON 2.1

LOOKING BACK

5. C 4.D 3.C 2.C B

7 PRE-TEST