CH1 Book Solutions Key

Chapter 1 Quadratic Functions and Factoring
Prerequisite Skills for the chapter “Quadratic Lesson 1.1 Graph Quadratic Functions in
Functions and Factoring” Standard Form
1. The x-intercept of the line shown is 3. Guided Practice for the lesson “Graph
2. The y-intercept of the line shown is 2. Quadratic Functions in Standard Form”
3. 10960 5 1 1. y 5 24x2
2
4. (25) 5 (25)(25) 5 25 x 22 21 0 1 2
2 0
5. 7 1 2 5 7 ? 7 1 1 5 49 1 1 5 50 y 216 24 0 24 216
6. 43 1 23 5 4 ? 4 ? 4 1 2 ? 2 ? 2 5 64 1 8 5 72
y Both graphs have the same
7. (y 1 3)(y 1 2) 5 y2 1 3y 1 2y 1 6
2
y 5 x2 vertex and axis of symmetry.
5 y2 1 5y 1 6 However, the graph of
1 x
8. (x 2 4)(x 1 6) 5 x2 1 6x 2 4x 2 24 y 5 24x2 opens down and is
5 x2 1 2x 2 24 y 5 24x 2 narrower than the graph of
y 5 x2.
9. (3h 1 7)(h 1 9) 5 3h2 1 27h 1 7h 1 63
5 3h2 1 34h 1 63
10. (4n 2 10)(3n 2 1) 5 12n2 2 4n 2 30n 1 10
5 12n2 2 34n 1 10
11. 2x 1 1 5 x 2. y 5 2x 2 2 5
1 5 2x x
22 21 0 1 2
21 5 x
y 29 26 25 26 29
12. 5x 2 7 5 2x
27 5 23x y Both graphs have the same
1 y 5 x2
7 axis of symmetry. However,
 }3 5 x 1 x
the graph of y 5 2x 2 2 5
13. 4(x 2 3) 5 x
opens down, and its vertex is
4x 2 12 5 x 5 units lower.
212 5 23x y 5 2x 2 2 5
45x
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
14. 6(x 2 5) 5 4(2x 2 1)

6x 2 30 5 8x 2 4
22x 2 30 5 24 1
3. f(x) 5  }4  x 2 1 2
22x 5 26
x 5 213 x 24 22 0 2 4
y 6 3 2 3 6
f(x) Both graphs open up and have

the same axis of symmetry.
However, the graph of
1
 4  x2 1 2 is
f (x) 5 }
wider than the graph of
f (x) 5 x 2
f (x) 5 x2, and its vertex is
1 2 units higher.
1 1
f(x) 5 4 x 2 1 2
x
2
4. y 5 x 2 2x 2 1 y x51
b (22)
x 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }  
2(1)
5 1
1
y 5 (1)2 2 2(1) 2 1 5 22 21 x
Vertex: (1,22) (1, 22)

Axis of symmetry: x 5 1
y-intercept: 21; (0, 21)
x 5 21: y 5 (21)2 2 2(21) 2 1 5 2; (21, 2)
Algebra 2
Worked-Out Solution Key 1
CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 1 5/19/11 6:17:15 PM

5. y 5 2x 2 1 6x 1 3 y 3. y 5 4x 2
b 6 3 3 x 22 21 0 1 2
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }    5 2 } 
2(2) 2
y 16 4 0 4 16
y 5 21 2}
 2  2 1 61 2}
3 2
 2  21 3
3
23 x
(2 , 2 )
3
2
3
2
4. y 5 23x 2
3
5 2 }2  x 5 22
3 x 22 21 0 1 2
3
1 
3
 2 , 2 }2  
Vertex: 2} 2 y 212 23 0 23 212
3 1
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }2  5. y 5  }2 x2
x
y-intercept: 3; (0, 3) 24 22 0 2 4
2
x 5 21: y 5 2(21) 1 6(21) 1 3 5 21; (21, 21) y 8 2 0 2 8
1
6. f (x) 5 2 }3 x 2 2 5x 1 2 y
(2 15 83
2
, 4 ) 1
6. y 5 2 }3 x 2
b (25) 15
x 5 2 }  5 2 }   
5 2 }   x 23 0 3 6
21 2}
2a 2 26
 3  2
1
y 212 23 0 23 212
y 5 2 }3 1 2}
 2   2 2 51 2}
15 2
 2   21 2
1 15
3 7. y 5 3x 2
83 15 22 x x y
5  }    x 5 22 22 21 0 1 2
4
y 12 3 0 3 12
Vertex: 1 2}  4   2
15 83
 2  , }
Both graphs open up and have
15 the same vertex and axis of
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }
2
  
symmetry. However, the graph
y 5 3x 2 2 y 5 x2
of y 5 3x 2 is narrower than
y-intercept: 2; (0, 2) the graph of y 5 x 2. 1 x
1 2
x 5 23: y 5 2 }3 (23) 2 2 5(23) 1 2 5 14; (23, 14) 8. y 5 5x

x y
7. y 5 4x 2 1 16x 2 3 22 21 0 1 2
b 16 y 20 5 0 5 20
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }   5 22
2(4)
y 5 4(22)2 1 16(22) 2 3 5 219 Both graphs open up and have
the same vertex and axis of
The minimum value is y 5 219.
symmetry. However, the graph
8. R(x) 5 (35 2 x) p (380 1 40x) of y 5 5x 2 is narrower than the 4
R(x) 5 13,300 1 1400x 2 380x 2 40x 2 graph of y 5 x 2. y 5 5x 2 y 5 x2
2
R(x) 5 240x 1 1020x 1 13,300 1 x
2
b 1020 9. y 5 22x
x 5 }
 2a  5 2 }    
2(240)
5 12.75 y
x 22 21 0 1 2
2 y 5 x2
R(12.75) 5 240(12.75) 1 1020(12.75) 1 13,300 1
y 28 22 0 22 28
5 19,802.5 1 x
The vertex is (12.75, 19,802.5), which means the owner Both graphs have the same
y 5 22x 2
should reduce the price per racer by $12.75 to increase vertex and axis of symmetry.
the weekly revenue to $19,802.50. However, the graph of
y 5 22x 2 opens down and is
Exercises for the lesson “Graph Quadratic narrower than the graph
Functions in Standard Form” of y 5 x 2.
Skill Practice
1. The graph of a quadratic function is called a parabola.
2. Look at the value of a in the quadratic function. If a > 0,
the function has a minimum value. If a < 0, the function
has a maximum value.
Algebra 2
2 Worked-Out Solution Key

10. y 5 2x 2 15. f (x) 5 2x 2 1 2
y f(x)
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
f(x) 5 x 2
y 24 21 0 21 24 f (x) 22 1 2 1 22
y 5 x2
1 1
Both graphs have the same Both graphs have the same axis x
1 x f(x) 5 2x 2 1 2 1
vertex and axis of symmetry. of symmetry. However, the
However, the graph of y 5 2x 2 y 5 2x 2 graph of f(x) 5 2x 2 1 2
opens down. opens down and its vertex is
1 2 units higher.
11. f (x) 5  }3 x 2
16. g(x) 5 22x 2 2 5
x f(x)
26 23 0 3 6 x 22 21 0 1 2
f (x) 12 3 0 3 12 g (x) 213 27 25 27 213
4 g(x) Both graphs have the
the same vertex and axis of
f(x) 5
1 2
x f(x) 5 x2 g(x) 5 x 2
same axis of symmetry.
symmetry. However, the graph 3 2
1 2 However, the graph of
 3 x 2 is wider than the
of f(x) 5 } x
1 x
g(x) 5 22x 2 2 5 opens
graph of f(x) 5 x . 2 g(x) 5 22x 2 25 down and is narrower than
1 the graph of g(x) 5 x 2. Also,
12. g(x) 5 2 }4 x 2 its vertex is 5 units lower.
x
24 22 0 2 4
g (x) 24 21 0 21 24 3
17. f (x) 5  }4  x 2 2 5
g(x)
Both graphs have the same
x 24 22 0 2 4
g(x) 5 x 2
vertex and axis of symmetry.
1
However, the graph of f (x) 7 22 25 22 7
2 1
g(x) 5 2 } x 2 opens down and x 4 Both graphs open up and
f(x) 5 x 2 f(x)
is wider than the graph of have the same axis of
g(x) 5 x2.
symmetry. However, the

3
graph of f (x) 5  }4  x 2 2 5 is
1
g(x) 5 2 4 x 2 2
wider than the graph of
1 x
13. y 5 5x 2 1 1 f(x) 5 x 2 and its vertex is
y 5 units lower.
x 22 21 0 1 2 3
f(x) 5 4 x 2 2 5
y 21 6 1 6 21 1
18. g(x) 5 2  }5  x 2 2 2
x 210 25 0 5 10
6
However, the graph of g (x) 222 27 22 27 222
y 5 x2
y 5 5x 2 1 1 is narrower than
the graph of y 5 x 2 and its y 5 5x2 1 1 1 x
y
6 Both graphs have the
vertex is 1 unit higher. g(x) 5 x 2
same axis of symmetry.
14. y 5 4x 2 1 1 1 3 x However, the graph of
g(x) 5 2 5 x 2 2 2
x y 1
22 21 0 1 2 g(x) 5 2  }5  x 2 2 2 opens
y 17 5 1 5 17 down and is wider than the
graph of g(x) 5 x 2. Also,
Both graphs open up and have its vertex is 2 units lower.
However, the graph of b
y 5 4x 2 1 1 is narrower than
4 19. The x-coordinate of the vertex of a parabola is 2 }  ,
2a
y5 x2
the graph of y 5 x 2 and its not  }
b
  . The x-coordinate of the vertex is:
y 5 4x2 1 1 1 x
2a
vertex is 1 unit higher.
b 24
x 5 2 }  2a  5 2 }
2(4)
   5 23.
Algebra 2

20. It is correct that the y-intercept of the graph is the value 26. f (x) 5 26x 2 2 4x 2 5
2
of c. However, the value of c in y 5 4x 1 24x 2 7 b (24) 1
is 27. x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 } 
2(26)
5 2 }3 
  
21. y 5 x 2 1 2x 1 1
f 1 2}
 3  25 261 2}
 3  2 2 41 2}
y 1 2 13
 3  22 5 5 2 }
1 1
  
b 2 3
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }
2(1)
    5 21 y
Vertex: 1 2} 32
1 13 3
1  3 , 2 }   
y 5 (21)2 1 2(21) 1 15 0
Vertex: (21, 0)
(21, 0) 1 x
1 (2 , 2 )
1
3
13
3
1 x
x 5 21 Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }3 

y-intercept: 25; (0,25)
x 5 1:
x 5 1: y 5 12 1 2(1) 1 1 5 4; (1, 4) 1
f(1) 5 26(1)2 2 4(1) 2 5 x 5 23
22. y 5 3x 2 2 6x 1 4 y
(26)
5 215; (1,215)
b
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }  
2(3)
5 1 2
27. y 5  }3 x2 2 3x 1 6 y
y 5 3(1) 2 2 6(1) 1 4 5 1
b (23) 9
Vertex: (1, 1) x 5 2 }   5 2 }  5 }
 4 
21 } 
2a
 3  2
2
2
Axis of symmetry: x 5 1 (1, 1)
21 x
 3 1 }
 4  2 2 31  }4  21 6 5 }
y-intercept: 4; (0, 4) 2 9 2 9 21
x51 y 5 }  8  
x 5 21: y 5 3(21) 2 2 6(21) 1 4 5 13; (21, 13)
3
(, )
9 21
4 8
Vertex: 1 }  8   2

9 21 23 9
x
23. y 5 24x 2 1 8x 1 2 y (1, 6)  4 , } x5 4
b 8 9
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }    
2(24)
51 2  4 
Axis of symmetry: x 5 }
y 5 24(1) 2 1 8(1) 1 2 5 6 21 x
Vertex: (1, 6) 2
 3  (23)2 2 3(23) 1 6 5 21; (23, 21)
x 5 23: y 5 }
y–intercept: 2; (0, 2) 3
x51 28. y 5 2 }4 x2 2 4x 2 1 x 5 23
8 y
2
x 5 21: y 5 24(21) 1 8(21) 1 2 5 210; (21, 210)

24. y 5 22x 2 2 6x 1 3 y x 5 2 }
b
   5 2 }   
5 2 }3 
(24) 8 (2 , )
8
3
13
3
b (26) 3
( 22 ,
3 15
2 ) 2a 3
21 2}
 4  2
x 5 2 }  5 2 }    
5 2 }2  2
y 5 2 }4 1 2}
 3  2 2 41 2}
2a 2(22) 8 2
 3  22 1
3 8
2
y 5 221 2}
 2  2 2 61 2}
3 2
 2  21 3
3 21 x
22 x 13
5  }
3
  
15
5  }   
Vertex: 1 2}
2
32
8 13
x 5 22
3
 3 ,  }   
1 
3 15
 2 , }
Vertex: 2} 2
 2   
8
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }3 
3
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }2 
y-intercept: 21; (0,21)
y-intercept: 3; (0, 3) 3
x 5 22: y 5 2 }4 (22)2 2 4(22) 2 1 5 4; (22, 4)
2
x 5 1: y 5 22(1) 2 6(1) 1 3 5 25; (1, 25)
3
25. g(x) 5 2x 2 2 2x 2 1 y 29. g(x) 5 2 }5 x2 1 2x 1 2 y
(, )
1 5 11
(22) (21, 0)
b 3 3
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 } 
2(21)
  
5 21 23 x b 2 5
x 5 2 }    5 2 }       3 
5}
21 2}
2a
 5  2
3 2
g(21) 5 2(21) 2 2 2(21) 2 1 x 5 21
50
g1 }
 3  25 2 }5 1 }
 3  2 1 21 }
5 3 5 2 5
 3  21 2 22 x
Vertex: (21, 0) 5
x5 3
Axis of symmetry: x 5 21 11
5  }
3
  
x 5 1: g(1) 5 2(1) 2 2 2(1) 2 1 5 24; (1, 24)
Algebra 2

Vertex: 1 }
5 11
 3   2
 3 , } 33. y 5 26x 2 2 1
Because a < 0, the function has a maximum value.
5 b 0
 3 
Axis of symmetry: x 5 } x 5 2 }   5 2 }    
50
2a 2(26)
y-intercept: 2; (0, 2) y 5 26(0)2 2 1 5 21
3 3
x 5 21: g(x) 5 2 }5  (21)2 1 2(21) 1 2 5 2 }5 ; The maximum value is y 5 21.
34. y 5 9x2 1 7
1 
21, 2 }  
3
5 2 Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
1 b 0
30. f(x) 5  }2 x2 1 x 2 3 x 5 21 y x 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }    5 0
2(9)
b 1
1 y 5 9(0)2 1 7 5 7
x 5 2 }  5 2 }     5 21
21 } 
2a
 2  2
1 22 x The minimum value is y 5 7.
1 2
f (21) 5  2 (21) 1 (21) 2 3
} 35. f (x) 5 2x 2 1 8x 1 7
7 (21, 2 ) 7
2
Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
5 2 }  2 b 8
x 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }    5 22
2(2)
Vertex: 1 21, 2 }2  2
7
f (22) 5 2(22)2 1 8(22) 1 7 5 21
Axis of symmetry: x 5 21 The minimum value is f (x) 5 21.

y-intercept: 23; (0, 23) 36. g(x) 5 23x2 1 18x 2 5
1 Because a < 0, the function has a maximum value.
x 5 2: f (2) 5  }2 (2)2 1 2 2 3 5 1; (2, 1)
b 18
x 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }    
2(23)
53
8
31. y 5  }5 x2 2 4x 1 5 y
g(3) 5 23(3)2 1 18(3) 2 5 5 22
b (24) 5 The maximum value is g(x) 5 22.
x 5 2 }  5 2 }  5 }
 4 
21 } 
2a
 5  2
8
3
37. f (x) 5  }2 x2 1 6x 1 4
 5 1 }
y 5 }  4  2 2 41 }
8 5 2 5
 4  21 5 5 }
 2 
5 2
(, )
5
4
5
2
21 x b 6
5
x5 4 x 5 2 }   5 2 }     5 22
21 } 
2a
1  2  2  2
5 5 3
 4 , }
Vertex: }  2  
3
5  2 (22)2 1 6(22) 1 4 5 22
f (22) 5 }
 4 
The minimum value is f (x) 5 22.
1
38. y 5 2 }4 x 2 2 7x 1 2
 5  ; 1 21, }
8 53
 5   2
53
 5 (21)2 2 4(21) 1 5 5 }
x 5 21: y 5 }
5
32. y 5 2 }3 x2 2 x 2 4 1
y
b (27)
x 5 2 }   5 2 }   
5 214
21 2}
(21) 2a
 4  2
b 3 21 x 1
x 5 2 }   5 2 }    5 2 }   
21 2}
2a 5 10 3
 3  2 x 5 210
1
(2 3
10
, 220
77
) y 5 2 }4 (214)2 2 7(214) 1 2 5 51
y 5 2 }3 1 2}
 10   2 2 1 2}
2
 10    22 4
5 3 3
The maximum value is y 5 51.
77 39. D; Because the y-intercept changes from 2 to 23, the
5 2 }
20
  vertex moves down the y-axis.
40. C; The graph of y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c is wider than the
Vertex: 1 2} 20 2
3 77
 10   , 2 }   
graph of y 5 x2 if a < 1.
3 41. y 5 20.02x 2 1 x 1 6
10
  
a 5 20.02
y-intercept: 24; (0, 24) b 5 1
c 5 6
5 20
x 5 1: y 5 2 }3 (1)2 2 1 2 4 5 2 }
3
20
  ; 1, 2 }   
3 1  2
Algebra 2

42. y 5 20.01x 2 1 0.7x 1 6 50. y 5 0.25x 2 2 1.5x 1 3 y x53
a 5 20.01 b (21.5)
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 } 
2(0.25)
  
53
b 5 0.7
c 5 6 y 5 0.25(3)2 2 1.5(3) 1 3 1
(3, 0.75)
43. Vertex: (4, k) 5 0.75 21 x
b b Vertex: (3, 0.75)

2 }    5 4 → 2 } 5 8
2a a Axis of symmetry: x 5 3
2
Sample answer: y 5 x 2 8x 1 1 y-intercept: 3; (0, 3)
y 5 22x2 1 16x 2 3 x 5 2: y 5 0.25(2)2 2 1.5(2) 1 3 5 1; (2, 1)
1 51. f (x) 5 4.2x 2 1 6x 2 11
y 5 2 }2 x2 1 4x 1 5
b
44. C; y 5 0.5x2 2 2x x 5 2 }
2a
   
b (22) 6 5
x 5 2 }  5 2 }    
52 5 2 }    
5 2 }7 
2a 2(0.5) 2(4.2)
y 5 0.5(2)2 2 2(2) 5 22 f 1 2}
 7  25 4.21 2}
 7  22 1 61 2}
5 5 5
 7  22 1
Vertex: (2, 22) y
2 22
45. A; y 5 0.5x 1 3 5 2 }
7
  
b 0
x 5 2 }   5 2 }    
50
Vertex: 1 2}
5
72
2a 2(0.5) 22
 7 , 2 }    2
2
y 5 0.5(0) 1 3 5 3
5 1 x
Vertex: (0, 3) Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }7  (2 , 2 )
5
7
22
7
46. B; y 5 0.5x 2 2 2x 1 3 y-intercept: 21; (0, 21) x 5 27

5
b (22) 2
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 } 
2(0.5)
  
52 x 5 1: f (1) 5 4.2(1) 1 6(1) 2 1 5 9.2; (1, 9.2)
y 5 0.5(2)2 2 2(2) 1 3 5 1 52. g(x) 5 1.75x 2 2 2.5 y
b 0
Vertex: (2, 1) x 5 2 }   5 2 }     
50
2a 2(1.75)
47. f (x) 5 0.1x 2 1 2
g(0) 5 1.75(0)2 2 2.5 1
b 0

x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }    
2(0.1)
50 5 22.5 22 x
y
2
f (0) 5 0.1(0) 1 2 5 2 x50 Vertex: (0, 22.5)
(0, 22.5)
Vertex: (0, 2) Axis of symmetry: x 5 0 x50
(0, 2) 2
Axis of symmetry: x 5 0 1 x 5 2: g(2) 5 1.75(2) 2 2.5 5 4.5; (2, 4.5)
x 5 5: f (5) 5 0.1(5)2 1 2 21 x 53. Because the points (2, 3) and (24, 3) have the same
5 4.5; (5, 4.5) y-value and lie on the graph of a quadratic function, they
are mirror images of each other. The axis of symmetry
48. g(x) 5 20.5x2 2 5 y
1 divides a parabola into mirror images, therefore, the axis
b 0
x 5 2 }   5 2 }     
50 21 x of symmetry is halfway between the x-values. The axis
2a 2(20.5)
2
x50 of symmetry is x 5 21.
g(0) 5 20.5(0) 2 5 5 25
2 1 24
Vertex: (0, 25) x 5  }
2
 5 21
   
(0, 25)
Axis of symmetry: x 5 0 54. y 5 ax2 1 bx 1 c
2
x 5 2: g(2) 5 20.5(2) 2 5 b
The x-coordinate of the vertex is 2 }
2a
  . 
5 27; (2,27)
y 5 a1 2}
 2a    2 1 b1 2}
49. y 5 0.3x2 1 3x 2 1 b 2 ab2 2b2
 2a    21 c 5 }
x 5 25 y b
2
  2  1 }
  2a   1 c
b 3 4a
x 5 2 }  5 2 }    
5 25 a(b2 2 2b2)
2a 2(0.3) 22 x ab2 2 2ab2 b2
2
5  } 2      
1c5} 2 
  
1 c 5 2 }
4a
  1 c
y 5 0.3(25) 1 3(25) 2 1 4a 4a
5 28.5
(25, 28.5)
Vertex: (25, 28.5)
x 5 1: y 5 0.3(1)2 1 3(1) 2 1 5 2.3; (1, 2.3)
Algebra 2

Problem Solving b.
55. R(x) 5 (1 1 0.05x) p (4000 2 80x) x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
R(x) 5 4000 2 80x 1 200x 2 4x2
P (x) 1500 1540 1560 1560 1540 1500 1440 1360
R(x) 5 24x2 1 120x 1 4000
b 120 x 2.5
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }    
2(24)
5 15
R(15) 5 24(15)2 1 120(15) 1 4000 5 4900 P (x) 1562.5
Price: 1 1 0.05x → c. P(x)

1580
1 1 0.05(15) 5 1.75 (2.5, 1562.5)
Profits (dollars)
The store should increase the price per song to $1.75 to 1560
increase the daily revenue to $4900.

1540
56.
Revenue Price Sales
5 p 1520
(dollars) (dollars/camera) (cameras)
1500
R(x) 5 (320 2 20x) p (70 1 5x) 0
0 1 2 3 4 x
R(x) 5 22,400 1 1600x 2 1400x 2 100x2 Price decrease
R(x) 5 2100x2 1 200x 1 22,400 The theater should reduce the price per ticket by $2.50
to increase the weekly profit to $1562.50.
b 200
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }     
2(2100)
51 g
60. y 5 2 }    x 2 1 x
2 10,000
R(1) 5 2100(1) 1 200(1) 1 22,400 5 22,500
32
Price: 320 2 20x → a. ye 5 2 }    x 2 1 x 5 20.0032x 2 1 x
10,000
320 2 20(1) 5 300
5.3
The store should decrease the price per digital camera to ym 5 2 }    x 2 1 x 5 20.00053x 2 1 x
10,000
$300 to increase the monthly revenue to $22,500. b. ym 5 20.00053x2 1 x
1 2 7
57. y 5  }   x  2 }
9000
 15  x 1 500
b
2} 1  2
7
 15    
x 5 2 2a  5 2  1  
} }   
5 2100
2 }  1  2
 9000    
1 7
y 5 }    ( 2100)2 2 }
 9000  15  (2100) 1 500 5 10 ye 5 20.0032x2 1 x
The height above the road of a cable at its lowest point The golf ball travels 312.5 feet on Earth.
is 10 feet. The golf ball travels 1886.8 feet on the moon.
1886.8
58. y 5 20.2x2 1 1.3x c. A golf ball travels  } or about 6 times further on
  
312.5
b 1.3 the moon than on Earth. Smaller values of g produce
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }     
2(20.2)
5 3.25
longer distances.
y 5 20.2(3.25)2 1 1.3(3.25) ø 2.1 61. P 5 2w 1 l
No, the mouse cannot jump over a fence that is 3 feet P 2 2w 5 l
high because the maximum height it can jump is about
A 5 lw 5 (P 2 2w)w 5 Pw 2 2w2 5 22w2 1 Pw
2.1 feet.
b P 1
59. a. w 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }    
2(22)
5} 4 P
A 5 221 }
 4 P 2 1 P1 }
2 1 1 1
 4 P 25 2 }8 P 2 1 }
Price 1 1
Profit
5 p
Sales 2 Expenses  4 P 2 5  }8 P 2
(dollars) (dollars/ticket) (tickets) (dollars)
In terms of P, the maximum area that the swimming
P(x) 5 (20 2 x) p (150 1 10x) 2 1500 1
 8 P 2 ft2.
section can have is }
5 3000 1 200x 2 150x 2 10x2 2 1500
5 210x2 1 50x 1 1500
Algebra 2

Graphing Calculator Activity for the lesson 2. y 5 2(x 2 1)2 1 5 y (1, 5)
“Graph Quadratic Functions in Standard a 5 21, h 5 1, k 5 5

Form” Vertex: (1, 5)
1. y 5 x 2 2 6x 1 4 Axis of symmetry: x 5 1 1
The minimum value of the x 5 0: y 5 2(0 2 1)2 1 5 22 x
function is y 5 25 and 5 4; (0, 4) x51
occurs at x 5 3.
x 5 21: y 5 2(21 2 1)2 1 5 5 1; (21, 1)
Minimum
1
3. f (x) 5  }2 (x 2 3)2 2 4
X=3 Y=-5
y x53
2
2. f (x) 5 x 2 3x 1 3 1
a 5 }
 2 , h 5 3, k 5 24
The minimum value of the 1
function is f (x) 5 0.75 and Vertex: (3,24)
21 x
occurs at x 5 1.5. Axis of symmetry: x 5 3
1
Minimum
X=1.5 Y=0.75
 2 (1 2 3)2 2 4
x 5 1: f (x) 5 }
5 22; (1, 22) (3, 24)
3. y 5 23x 2 1 9x 1 2
1
The maximum value of the  2 (21 2 3)2 2 4 5 4; (21, 4)
x 5 21: f (x) 5 }
function is y 5 8.75 and
4. T
he graphs of both functions open up and have the same
occurs at x 5 1.5.
vertex and axis of symmetry. However, the a values of
Maximum
X=1.5 Y=8.75 the functions differ. The graph of the function
1
y 5  }   ( x 2 1400)2 1 27 is wider than the graph of
7000
4. y 5 0.5x 2 1 0.8x 2 2 the function y 5  }
1
   ( x 2 1400)2 1 27.
6500
The minimum value of the
function is y 5 22.32 and 5. y 5 (x 2 3)(x 2 7) y x55
occurs at x 5 20.8. x-intercepts: p 5 3 and q 5 7 1
Minimium
X=-0.8 Y=-2.32
p1q 317 1 x
x 5  }
2
 5 }
      2   
 5 5
(3, 0) (7, 0)
1 y 5 (5 2 3)(5 2 7) 5 24
5. h(x) 5  }2 x2 2 3x 1 2

The minimum value of the Vertex: (5, 24) (5, 24)
function is h(x) 5 22.5 and Axis of symmetry: x 5 5

occurs at x 5 3. 6. f (x) 5 2(x 2 4)(x 1 1) y 3
x52
Minimium
X=3 Y=-2.5 x-intercepts: p 5 4 and 2
q 5 21 22 x
3 (21, 0) (4, 0)
6. y 5 2 }8 x2 1 6x 2 5 p1q 4 1 (21) 3
x 5  }
2
 5 }
      2     5 }
 2 
The maximum value of the
f 1 }
 2  25 21 }
 2 2 4 21 }
 2 1 1 2
function is y 5 19 and occurs 3 3 3
at x 5 8.
Maximum
X=8 Y=19 5 2 }
2
25
   ( ,2 )
3
2
25
2
Vertex: 1 } 22
3 25
Lesson 1.2 Graph Quadratic Functions in  2 , 2 }   
Vertex or Intercept Form 3
 2 
Guided Practice for the lesson “Graph
Quadratic Functions in Vertex or Intercept 7. y 5 2(x 1 1)(x 2 5) y (2, 9)
Form” x-intercepts: p 5 21
1. y 5 (x 1 2)2 2 3 x 5 22 y
and q 5 5
a 5 1, h 5 22, k 5 23 p1q 21 1 5
x 5  }
2
 5 }
      2   
 5 2
Vertex: (22, 23)
1 y 5 2(2 1 1)(2 2 5) 5 9 x52
x Vertex: (2, 9) 1
x 5 0: y 5 (0 1 2)2 2 3 21
(21, 0) 1 (5, 0) x
5 1; (0, 1) Axis of symmetry: x 5 2
(22, 23)
x 5 21: y 5 (21 1 2)2 2 3
5 22; (21, 22)
Algebra 2

8. y 5 20.025x(x 2 50) Exercises for the lesson “Graph Quadratic
y 5 20.025(x 2 0)(x 2 50) Functions in Vertex or Intercept Form”
x-intercepts: p 5 0 and q 5 50 Skill Practice
p1q 0 1 50 quadratic function in the form y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k is in
1. A
x 5  }
2
5 }
   
    2    5 25
vertex form.
y 5 20.025(25)(25 2 50) ø 15.6 2. First identify the x-intercepts. Then use the x-intercepts
The maximum height of the football is the y-coordinate to calculate the x-coordinate of the vertex. Finally,
of the vertex, or about 15.6 yards. substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex for x into the
9. y 5 2(x 2 2)(x 2 7) original function to find the y-coordinate of the vertex.
The y-coordinate of the vertex is the maximum or
5 2(x 2 2 7x 2 2x 1 14)
minimum value.
5 2(x 2 2 9x 1 14)
3. y 5 (x 2 3)2 y
5 2x 2 1 9x 2 14
a 5 1, h 5 3, k 5 0
10. y 5 24(x 2 1)(x 1 3)
Vertex: (3, 0) x53
5 24(x 2 1 3x 2 x 2 3) 1
Axis of symmetry: x 5 3 (3, 0) x
5 24(x 2 1 2x 2 3)
21
x 5 1: y 5 (1 2 3)2 5 4; (1, 4)
5 24x 2 2 8x 1 12
x 5 2: y 5 (2 2 3)2 5 1; (2, 1)
11. f (x) 5 2(x 1 5)(x 1 4)
4. y 5 (x 1 4)2 y
5 2(x2 1 4x 1 5x 1 20)
a 5 1, h 5 24, k 5 0
5 2(x 2 1 9x 1 20) Vertex: (24, 0)
1
5 2x 2 1 18x 1 40 Axis of symmetry: x 5 24
(24, 0) 21 x
12. y 5 27(x 2 6)(x 1 1) x 5 22: y 5 (22 1 4)2 x 5 24
5 27(x2 1 x 2 6x 2 6)
5 4; (22, 4)
5 27(x2 2 5x 2 6) x 5 23: y 5 (23 1 4)2
5 27x 2 1 35x 1 42
5 1; (23, 1)
13. y 5 23(x 1 5)2 2 1 5. f (x) 5 2(x 1 3)2 1 5 y
5 23(x 1 5)(x 1 5) 2 1 (23, 5)

a 5 21, h 5 23, k 5 5 4
5 23(x2 1 5x 1 5x 1 25) 2 1 Vertex: (23, 5)

5 23(x2 1 10x 1 25) 2 1 2 x
x 5 23
2
5 23x 2 30x 2 75 2 1 x 5 21:
5 23x 2 2 30x 2 76 f (x) 5 2(21 1 3)2 1 5
14. g(x) 5 6(x 2 4)2 2 10 5 1; (21, 1)
5 6(x 2 4)(x 2 4) 2 10 x 5 22: f (x) 5 2(22 1 3)2 1 5 5 4; (22, 4)
5 6(x2 2 4x 2 4x 1 16) 2 10 6. y 5 3(x 2 7)2 2 1 y
5 6(x2 2 8x 1 16) 2 10 a 5 3, h 5 7, k 5 21
5 6x 2 2 48x 1 96 2 10 Vertex: (7, 21)
5 6x 2 2 48x 1 86 Axis of symmetry: x 5 7
15. f (x) 5 2(x 1 2)2 1 4 x 5 6: y 5 3(6 2 7)2 2 1 2
5 2(x 1 2)(x 1 2) 1 4 5 2; (6, 2) 2 x

(7, 21)
x 5 5: y 5 3(5 2 7)2 2 1 x57
5 2(x2 1 2x 1 2x 1 4) 1 4
5 11; (5, 11)
5 2(x2 1 4x 1 4) 1 4
7. g(x) 5 24(x 2 2)2 1 4 y (2, 4)
5 2x 2 2 4x 2 4 1 4
a 5 24, h 5 2, k 5 4 2
5 2x 2 2 4x
Vertex: (2, 4) 21 x
16. y 5 2(x 2 3)2 1 9
5 2(x 2 3)(x 2 3) 1 9
x 5 3: g(x) 5 24(3 2 2)2 1 4
5 2(x2 2 3x 2 3x 1 9) 1 9
5 0; (3, 0)
5 2(x2 2 6x 1 9) 1 9
x 5 4: g(x) 5 24(4 2 2)2 1 4 x52
5 2x 2 2 12x 1 18 1 9
5 212; (4, 212)
5 2x 2 2 12x 1 27
Algebra 2

8. y 5 2(x 1 1)2 2 3 y 14. y 5 (x 1 1)(x 2 3) y
x51
a 5 2, h 5 21, k 5 23 x-intercept: p 5 21 and q 5 3
1
Vertex: (21, 23) x 5 21 p1q 21 1 3 (21, 0) (3, 0)
x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2   
 5 1 22 x
Axis of symmetry: x 5 21 1
x 5 0: y 5 2(0 1 1)2 2 3 23 x y 5 (1 1 1)(1 2 3) 5 24

5 21; (0, 21) Vertex: (1, 24)
(1, 24)
x 5 1: y 5 2(1 1 1)2 2 3 (21, 23) Axis of symmetry: x 5 1
5 5; (1, 5) 15. y 5 3(x 1 2)(x 1 6)
9. f (x) 5 22(x 2 1)2 2 5 2
y x 51 2
y
a 5 22, h 5 1, k 5 25 21 x (26, 0) 21 x
Vertex: (1, 25)
(1, 25)
Axis of symmetry: x 5 1 (22, 0)
x 5 0: f (x) 5 22(0 2 1)2 2 5 x 5 24
5 27; (0, 27) (24, 212)

x 5 21:
x-intercept: p 5 22 and q 5 26
f (x) 5 22(21 2 1)2 2 5 p1q 22 1 (26)
5 213; (21, 213) x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2
   
 5 24
1
10. y 5 2 }4 (x 1 2)2 1 1 y
y 5 3(24 1 2)(24 1 6) 5 212
(22, 1)
1
1 Vertex: (24, 212)
a 5 2 }4 , h 5 22, k 5 1 21 x
Vertex: (22, 1) 16. f (x) 5 2(x 2 5)(x 2 1) y
x 5 22 1
Axis of symmetry: x 5 22 x-intercept: p 5 5 and q 5 1
(1, 0) (5, 0)
21 x
1 p1q
x 5 0: y 5 2 }4 (0 1 2)2 1 1 5 0; (0, 0) x 5 }
  2   
511
 5 }
  2   
 5 3 x53
1
x 5 2: y 5 2 } (2 1 2)2 1 1 5 23; (2, 23)
4 f (x) 5 2(3 2 5)(3 2 1) 5 28
1
Vertex: (3, 28)
11. y 5  }2 (x 2 3)2 1 2

y x53
1 (3, 28)
a 5 }
 2 , h 5 3, k 5 2
17. y 5 2(x 2 4)(x 1 6)
Vertex: (3, 2) y
(21, 25)
1
 2 (1 2 3)2 1 2
x 5 1: y 5 }
(3, 2)
1
5 4; (1, 4) x 5 21
21 x
1
 2 (21 2 3)2 1 2 5 10; (21, 10)
x 5 21: y 5 } (26, 0)
3
(4, 0)
2 22 x
12. B; y 5 3(x 1 2) 2 5
The graph of y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k has vertex (h, k). The
p1q 4 1 (26)
vertex of the graph of the function is (22, 25). x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2   
 5 21
13. y 5 (x 1 3)(x 2 3) y
(23, 0)
2
(3, 0)
y 5 2(21 2 4)(21 1 6) 5 25
x-intercept: p 5 23 and q 5 3 24 x Vertex: (21, 25)
p1q 23 1 3
x 5 }
     
2
5 }
       
 5 0 2 x50 Axis of symmetry: x 5 21
y 5 (0 1 3)(0 2 3) 5 29 (0, 29)

Vertex: (0, 29)
Algebra 2

18. g(x) 5 24(x 1 3)(x 1 7) 21. y 5 4(x 2 7)(x 1 2) y
y (22, 0) (7, 0)
(25, 16) x-intercept: p 5 7
21 x
and q 5 22
220
p1q 7 1 (22) 5 5
x 5 }  5 }
  2      2    
5
  } 2  x5 2
x 5 25
y 5 41 }
 2 27 21 }
5 5
4  2 1 2 25 281
(27, 0) (23, 0)
Vertex: 1 }
5
 2 , 281 2 ( , 281)
21 x 5
2
p1q 23 1 (27) 5
x 5 }
  2   
5 }
       
 5 25  2 
2
g(x) 5 24(25 1 3)(25 1 7) 5 16 22. A; y 5 2(x 2 6)(x 1 4)
Vertex: (25, 16) x-intercepts: p 5 6 and q 5 24

p1q 6 1 (24)
Axis of symmetry: x 5 25 x 5  }  5 }
      2   
 5 1
2
19. y 5 (x 1 1)(x 1 2) y 5 2(1 2 6)(1 1 4) 5 25
Vertex: (1, 25)
p1q 21 1 (22) 3
x 5  }
2
5 }
   
    2
    
5 2 }2  23. T
he x-intercepts of the graph of y 5 a(x 2 p)(x 2 q) are
p and q. Therefore, the x-intercepts of the graph of
y 5 1 2}
 2   1 1 21 2}
 2 1 2 25 2 }4 
3 3 1
y 5 5(x 2 2)(x 2 (23)) are 2 and 23.
24. y 5 (x 1 4)(x 1 3) 25. y 5 (x 2 5)(x 1 3)
Vertex: 1 2}
 2 , 2 }4  2
3 1 y
5 x 1 3x 1 4x 1 12 5 x 2 1 3x 2 5x 2 15
2
5 x 2 1 7x 1 12 5 x 2 2 2x 2 15
Axis of symmetry:
3 x 5 22
3 26. h(x) 5 4(x 1 1)(x 2 6)
x 5 2 }2  2
5 4(x 2 2 6x 1 x 2 6)
(22, 0) (21, 0)
23 x 5 4(x 2 2 5x 2 6)
( 3
2 2,
1
24 ) 5 4x 2 2 20x 2 24
27. y 5 23(x 2 2)(x 2 4)

20. f(x) 5 22(x 2 3)(x 1 4) 5 23(x2 2 4x 2 2x 1 8)
(2 , )1 49
2 2
y
5 23(x2 2 6x 1 8)
5 23x 2 1 18x 2 24
28. f (x) 5 (x 1 5)2 2 2
5 (x 1 5)(x 1 5) 2 2
x
1
5 22 5 (x2 1 5x 1 5x 1 25) 2 2
3
5 x 2 1 10x 1 25 2 2
(24, 0) (3, 0)
21 x
5 x 2 1 10x 1 23
x-intercept: p 5 3 and q 5 24 29. y 5 (x 2 3)2 1 6
5 (x 2 3)(x 2 3) 1 6
p1q 3 1 (24) 1
x 5 }  5 }
  2      2   
 5 2 }2  5 (x2 2 3x 2 3x 1 9) 1 6
5 x2 2 6x 1 9 1 6
  f (x) 5 221 2}
 2 2 3 21 2}
49
 2 1 4 25 }
1 1
 2  
5 x2 2 6x 1 15
30. g(x) 5 2(x 1 6)2 1 10
Vertex: 1 2}  2   2
1 49
 2 , }
5 2(x 1 6)(x 1 6) 1 10
1
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }2  5 2(x2 1 6x 1 6x 1 36) 1 10
5 2(x2 1 12x 1 36) 1 10
5 2x 2 2 12x 2 36 1 10
5 2x 2 2 12x 2 26
Algebra 2

31. y 5 5(x 1 3)2 2 4 40. y 5 2(x 2 3)(x 2 6)
5 5(x 1 3)(x 1 3) 2 4 Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
5 5(x2 1 3x 1 3x 1 9) 24 p1q 316 9
x 5  }
2
 5 }
      2   
 5 }
 2 
5 5(x2 1 6x 1 9) 2 4
y 5 21 }
 2 2 3 21 }
9
 2 2 6 25 2 }2 
9 9
5 5x 2 1 30x 1 45 2 4
5 5x 2 1 30x 1 41
9
32. f (x) 5 12(x 2 1)2 1 4 The minimum value is y 5 2 }2  .
5 12(x 2 1)(x 2 1) 1 4
41. g(x) 5 25(x 1 9)(x 2 4)
5 12(x2 2 x 2 x 1 1) 1 4
5 12(x2 2 2x 1 1) 1 4
p1q 29 1 4 5
5 12x2 2 24x 1 12 1 4 x 5  }
2
 5 }
      2   
5 2 }2 
 
5 12x2 2 24x 1 16
g1 2}
 2  25 251 2}
 2 1 9 21 2}
5 5 5 845
 2 2 4 25 }
  4    
33. y 5 3(x 2 3)2 2 4
Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value. The 845
  4   . 
The maximum value is g(x) 5 }
minimum value is y 5 24.
34. g(x) 5 24(x 1 6)2 2 12 42. y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k
Because a < 0, the function has a maximum value. The 5 (x 2 3)2 2 2
maximum value is y 5 212. a. If a changes to 23, a < 0 so the graph will open down
2
35. y 5 15(x 2 25) 1 130 instead of up. Also because a > 1, the graph will
Because a > 0, the function has a minimum value. The be narrower than the original graph.
minimum value is y 5 130.
36. f (x) 5 3(x 1 10)(x 2 8)
p1q 210 1 8
x 5  }
2
 5  }
   
2
 5 21
   
f (21) 5 3(21 1 10)(21 2 8) 5 2243 b. If h changes to 21, the graph will be translated

The minimum value is f (x) 5 2243. horizontally 4 units to the left.
37. y 5 2(x 2 36)(x 1 18)
p1q 36 1 (218)
x 5  }
2
 5  }
   
2
   
 59
y 5 2(9 2 36)(9 1 18) 5 729

The maximum value is y 5 729. c. If k changes to 2, the graph will be translated
38. y 5 212x(x 2 9) vertically 4 units up.
y 5 212(x 2 0)(x 2 9)
p1q 019 9
x 5  }
2
 5  }
   
2
 5 }
     2 
y 5 2121 }
 2  25 243
9
The maximum value is y 5 243.

39. y 5 8x(x 1 15)
y 5 8(x 2 0)(x 1 15)
p1q 0 1 (215) 15
x 5  }
2
 5  }
   
2
   5 2 }
 
2
  
y 5 81 2}
 2   21 2}
 2  1 15 25 2450
15 15
The minimum value is y 5 2450.
Algebra 2

46. y 5 2 }3 1 x 2 }
1 2
 2  2 1 }
2 4
43. y 5 5(x 2 2.25)2 2 2.75  5  y
y 1
(, )
1
2
4
5
2 1 4
a 5 2 }3 , h 5 }
 2 , k 5 }
 5  22 x
Vertex: 1 }  5  2

1 4
x 5 2.25  2 , }
1 1
x52
21 x 1
 2 
(2.25, 22.75)
x 5 21: y 5 2 }3 1 21 2 }   5 2 }  ; 1 21, 2 }   2
1 2 7 7
 2  2 1 }
2 4
5 10 10
a 5 5, h 5 2.25, k 5 22.75
x 5 0: y 5 2 }3 1 0 2 }  30 ;  1 0, }
1 2 19
 2  2 1 }
2 4
 30  2
19
Vertex: (2.25, 22.75)  5 5 }
Axis of symmetry: x 5 2.25 3
47. f (x) 5 2 }4 (x 1 5)(x 1 8)
x 5 1: y 5 5(1 2 2.25)2 2 2.75 ø 5.06; (1, 5.06)
y
x 5 2: y 5 5(2 2 2.25)2 2 2.75 ø 22.44; (2, 22.44)
(2 13 27
,
2 16 )
44. g(x) 5 28(x 1 3.2)2 1 6.4 1
(23.2, 6.4) y
21 x
13
x 5 22
x-intercepts: p 5 25 and q 5 28
x 5 23.2 p1q 25 1 (28) 13
1
x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2
   
   2  
52}
21 x
f (x) 5 2 }4 1 2}
 2  1 5 21 2}
 2  1 8 25 } 
3 13 13 27
   
16
Vertex: 1 2}  16  2

13 27
 2  , }
a 5 28, h 5 23.2, k 5 6.4 13

2
  
Vertex: (23.2, 6.4)
48. g(x) 5  }2 1 x 2 }     x 2 }
5 y
3 21
 5  2
4 2
Axis of symmetry: x 5 23.2 13
x 5 15
x 5 23: g(x) 5 28(23 1 3.2)2 1 6.4 4
x-intercepts: p 5 }
2
 3 and q 5 }
 5 
5 6.08; (23, 6.08)
4 2
x 5 22: g(x) 5 28(22 1 3.2)2 1 6.4 p1q
x 5  }
     
 5 }
 3 1 }
}  5  13
     5 }
 15  
1 (
13
15
,
49
290 )
5 25.12; (22, 25.12) 2 2 21 x
5 13
1 
4 13
21  2 49
2
2
45. y 5 20.25(x 2 5.2) 1 8.5  2   }
g(x) 5 }   2 }
 3   }
 15 2 }
 5   5 2 } 
15 90
y

Vertex: 1 } 50 2
(5.2, 8.5) 13 49
 15 ,  2 }  
13
2
 15 
22 x 49. The graph of f(x) 5 22(x 1 1)(x 2 5) is a parabola that
x 5 5.2
opens down, because the leading coefficient is negative.
a 5 20.25, h 5 5.2, k 5 8.5 The graph crosses the x-axis at its x-intercepts, 21 and 5;
Vertex: (5.2, 8.5) it lies above the x-axis between x 5 21 and x 5 5; and
Axis of symmetry: x 5 5.2 it lies below the x-axis to the left of x 5 21 and to the
right of x 5 5. So, the function values are positive on the
x 5 0: y 5 20.25(0 2 5.2)2 1 8.5 5 1.74; (0, 1.74)
interval (21, 5) and negative on the intervals (2`, 21)
x 5 1: y 5 20.25(1 2 5.2)2 1 8.5 5 4.09; (1, 4.09) and (5, 1`).
50. y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k
5 a(x 2 h)(x 2 h) 1 k
5 a(x2 2 hx 2 hx 1 h2) 1 k
5 a(x2 2 2hx 1 h2) 1 k
5 ax2 2 2ahx 1 ah2 1 k
Algebra 2

a 5 a, b 5 22ah, c 5 ah2 1 k b. y 5 20.652(x 2 5.35)(x 2 21.8)
b (22ah) p 5 5.35, q 5 21.8
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }
2(a)
 5 h
  
p1q 5.35 1 21.8
y 5 a(x 2 p)(x 2 q) x 5 }  5 }
  2      2
  ø 13.58
 
 
5 a(x2 2 qx 2 px 1 pq) y 5 20.652(13.58 2 5.35)(13.58 2 21.8) ø 44.11

5 ax2 2 apx 2 aqx 1 apq For hot-oil popping, a 13.58% moisture content
5 ax2 1 (2ap 2 aq)x 1 apq maximizes popping volume. The maximum popping
volume is 44.11 cubic centimeters per gram.
a 5 a, b 5 2ap 2 aq, c 5 apq
(2ap 2 aq) (2a)(p 1 q) p1q c. y 5 20.761(x 2 5.52)(x 2 22.6)
2b
x 5  }
2a
  5 2 }
2(a)
 5 2 }
   
2a
   
 5}  2   
 
Problem Solving
51. y 5 20.03(x 2 14)2 1 6
The vertex is (14, 6). The maximum height of the
kangaroo is 6 feet.
y 5 20.652(x 2 5.35)(x 2 21.8)
2(14) 5 28
hot-air popping: domain: 5.52 ≤ x ≤ 22.6
The kangaroo’s jump is 28 feet long.
range: 0 ≤ y ≤ 55.5
52. y 5 20.016(x 2 52.5)2 1 45
hot-oil popping: domain: 5.35 ≤ x ≤ 21.8
The vertex is (52.5, 45). range: 0 ≤ y ≤ 44.11
2(52.5) 5 105 The x-intercepts of the graph of each function
The width of the arch is 105 meters. determined the domain.
53. a. y 5 20.000234x(x 2 160) The y-coordinate of the vertex of the graph of each
5 20.000234 (x 2 0)(x 2 160) function determined the range. Also, the range did not
include any negative values because it does not make
x-intercepts: p 5 0 and q 5 160
sense to have a negative popping volume.
The width of the field is 160 feet.
56. y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k
p1q 0 1 160
b. x 5 }
  2   
 5  }2
    5 80 h 5 33
y 5 20.000234(80)(80 2 160) ø 1.5 k 5 5

y 5 a(x 2 33)2 1 5
The maximum height of the field’s surface is
about 1.5 feet. At (0, 0): 0 5 a(0 2 33)2 1 5
54. y 5 20.5(x 2 6)2 1 18 0 5 a(1089) 1 5
The maximum height of the jump with a conventional 25 5 1089a
spring is 18 inches. 5
2 }    5 a
2
1089
y 5 21.17(x 2 6) 1 42
5
The maximum height of the jump with a bow spring is y 5 2 }   ( x 2 33)2 1 5
1089
42 inches. Changing the value of a affects the width of the flight
The jump on the pogo stick with a bow spring is path. Changing the value of h affects the horizontal
24 inches higher than the jump on the pogo stick with a position of the flight path. Changing the value of k affects
conventional spring. The constant k affects the maximum the height of the flight path.
heights of the jumps, while the constants a and h do not.
55. a. y 5 20.761(x 2 5.52)(x 2 22.6) Lesson 1.3 Solve x2 1 bx 1 c 5 0
p 5 5.52, q 5 22.6 by Factoring
p1q 5.52 1 22.6 Guided Practice for the lesson “Solve
x 5 }  5 }
  2         
 5 14.06
2 x2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring”
y 5 20.761(14.06 2 5.52)(14.06 2 22.6) ø 55.5 1.
Factors of 218: m, n 1, 218 21, 18 2, 29
For hot-air popping, a 14.06% moisture content
maximizes popping volume. The maximum popping Sum of factors: m 1 n 217 17 27
volume is 55.5 cubic centimeters per gram.

Factors of 218: m, n 22, 9 3, 26 23, 6
Sum of factors: m 1 n 7 23 3
x 2 2 3x 2 18 5 (x 1 3)(x 2 6)
Algebra 2

2. Exercises for the lesson “Solve
Factors of 9: p, q 1, 9 21, 29 3, 3 23, 23 x2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring”
Sum of factors: p 1 q 10 210 6 26 Skill Practice
2 1. A zero of a function y 5 f (x) is a number that when
n 2 3n 1 9
There are no factors of 9, p and q, such that p 1 q 5 23. substituted for x in the function yields y 5 0.
So, n2 2 3n 1 9 cannot be factored. 2. A monomial is either a number, a variable, or the product
3. of a number and one or more variables, such as x 2.
Factors of 263: m, n 1, 263 21, 63 3, 221 A binomial is the sum of two monomials, such as
x 2 2 5x. A trinomial is the sum of three monomials,
Sum of factors: m 1 n 262 62 218 such as x 2 2 5x 1 6.
3. x 2 1 6x 1 5 5 (x 1 5)(x 1 1)
Factors of 218: m, n 23, 21 7, 29 27, 9
4. x 2 2 7x 1 10 5 (x 2 5)(x 2 2)
Sum of factors: m 1 n 18 22 2 5. a 2 2 13a 1 22 5 (a 2 11)(a 2 2)
r 2 1 2r 2 63 5 (r 2 7)(r 1 9) 6. r 2 1 15r 1 56 5 (r 1 7)(r 1 8)
4. x 2 2 9 5 x 2 2 32 7. p 2 1 2p 1 4 Cannot be factored.
5 (x 1 3)(x 2 3) 8. q 2 2 11q 1 28 5 (q 2 7)(q 2 4)
5. q 2 2 100 5 q2 2 10 2 9. b 2 1 3b 2 40 5 (b 1 8)(b 2 5)

5 (q 1 10)(q 2 10) 10. x 2 2 4x 2 12 5 (x 1 2)(x 2 6)
6. y 2 1 16y 1 64 5 y 2 1 2( y)(8) 1 8 2 11. x 2 2 7x 2 18 5 (x 1 2)(x 2 9)
5 ( y 1 8)2 12. c 2 2 9c 2 18 Cannot be factored.
7. w 2 2 18w 1 81 5 w2 2 2(w)(9) 1 92 13. x 2 1 9x 2 36 5 (x 1 12)(x 2 3)
5 (w 2 9)2 14. m 2 1 8m 2 65 5 (m 1 13)(m 2 5)
8. x 2 2 x 2 42 5 0 15. x 2 2 36 5 x 2 2 6 2 5 (x 1 6)(x 2 6)
(x 2 7)(x 1 6) 5 0 16. b2 2 81 5 b2 2 92 5 (b 1 9)(b 2 9)
x 2 7 5 0 or x1650 17. x2 2 24x 1 144 5 x2 2 2(x)(12) 1 122
x 5 7 or x 5 26 5 (x 2 12)2
9. New area
New length New width 18. t2 2 16t 1 64 5 t2 2 2(t)(8) 1 82
(square 5 (meters) p (meters)
meters) 5 (t 2 8)2
2(1000)(300) 5 (1000 1 x) p (300 1 x) 19. x 2 1 8x 1 16 5 x 2 1 2(x)(4) 1 42
600,000 5 300,000 1 1300x 1 x2 5 (x 1 4)2
0 5 x 2 1 1300x 2 300,000 20. c 1 28c 1 196 5 c2 1 2(c)(14) 1 142
2
0 5 (x 2 200)(x 1 1500) 5 (c 1 14)2

x 2 200 5 0 or x 1 1500 5 0 21. n 1 14n 1 49 5 n2 1 2(n)(7) 1 72
2
x 5 200 or x 5 21500 5 (n 1 7)2

Reject the negative value, 21500. The field’s length and 22. s 2 26s 1 169 5 s2 2 2(s)(13) 1 132
2
width should each be increased by 200 meters. The new 5 (s 2 13)2

dimensions are 1200 meters by 500 meters. 23. z 2 121 5 z 2 112
2 2
2
10. y 5 x 1 5x 2 14 5 (z 1 11)(z 2 11)
5 (x 1 7)(x 2 2) 24. x2 2 8x 1 12 5 0
The zeros of the function are 27 and 2. (x 2 6)(x 2 2) 5 0
11. y 5 x 2 2 7x 2 30 x2650 or x2250
5 (x 1 3)(x 2 10) x56 or x52
The zeros of the function are 23 and 10. 25. x 2 2 11x 1 30 5 0
12. f (x) 5 x 2 2 10x 1 25 (x 2 6)(x 2 5) 5 0
5 (x 2 5)(x 2 5) x 2 6 5 0 or x2550
The zero of the function is 5. x 5 6 or x55
Algebra 2

26. x2 1 2x 2 35 5 0 36. m2 5 7m
(x 1 7)(x 2 5) 5 0 m2 2 7m 5 0
x1750 or x2550 m(m 2 7) 5 0
x 5 27 or x55 m 5 0 or m2750
27. 2
a 2 49 5 0 m 5 0 or m57
2
(a 2 7)(a 1 7) 5 0 37. 14x 2 49 5 x
a 2 7 5 0 or a1750 0 5 x 2 2 14x 1 49
a 5 7 or a 5 27 0 5 (x 2 7)(x 2 7)
28. 2
b 2 6b 1 9 5 0 x2750
(b 2 3)(b 2 3) 5 0 x57
b2350 38. 23y 1 28 5 y 2
b53 0 5 y 2 1 3y 2 28
29. c2 1 5c 1 4 5 0 0 5 ( y 1 7)( y 2 4)
(c 1 4)(c 1 1) 5 0 y1750 or y2450
c1450 or c1150 y 5 27 or y54
c 5 24 or c 5 21 39. The trinomial was factored incorrectly.
2
30. n 2 6n 5 0 x2 2 x 2 6 5 0
n(n 2 6) 5 0 (x 1 2)(x 2 3) 5 0
n 5 0 or n2650 x1250 or x2350
n 5 0 or n56 x 5 22 or x53
2
31. t 1 10t 1 25 5 0 40. The equation must be written in standard form before
you factor and use the zero product property.
(t 1 5)(t 1 5) 5 0
x 2 1 7x 1 6 5 14
t1550
x 2 1 7x 2 8 5 0
t 5 25
(x 1 8)(x 2 1) 5 0
32. w2 2 16w 1 48 5 0
x1850 or x2150

(w 2 12)(w 2 4) 5 0
x 5 28 or x51
w 2 12 5 0 or w2450
2
41. A; x 1 2x 2 63 5 0
w 5 12 or w54
(x 1 9)(x 2 7) 5 0
33. z 2 2 3z 5 54
x 1 9 5 0 or x 2 7 5 0
z 2 2 3z 2 54 5 0
x 5 29 or x57
(z 2 9)(z 1 6) 5 0
42. New area New length New width
z 2 9 5 0 or z1650
(square feet) 5 (feet) p (feet)
z 5 9 or z 5 26
2(24)(10) 5 (24 1 x) p (10 1 x)
34. r2 1 2r 5 80
480 5 240 1 34x 1 x 2
r 2 1 2r 2 80 5 0
0 5 x 2 1 34x 2 240
(r 1 10)(r 2 8) 5 0
43.
r 1 10 5 0 or r2850 New area New length New width
5 p
r 5 210 or r58 (square feet) (feet) (feet)
2
35. u 5 29u 3(12)(10) 5 (12 1 x) p (10 1 x)
u 2 1 9u 5 0 360 5 120 1 22x 1 x 2
u(u 1 9) 5 0 0 5 x 2 1 22x 2 240

u 5 0 or u 1 9 5 0 44. y 5 x 2 1 6x 1 8
u 5 0 or u 5 29 5 (x 1 4)(x 1 2)
The zeros of the function are 24 and 22.
Algebra 2

45. y 5 x 2 2 8x 1 16 59. Area of rectangle 5 lw
5 (x 2 4)(x 2 4) 36 5 (x 1 5)(x)
The zero of the function is 4. 36 5 x 2 1 5x
46. y 5 x 2 2 4x 2 32 0 5 x2 1 5x 2 36
5(x 1 4)(x 2 8) 0 5 (x 1 9)(x 2 4)
The zeros of the function are 24 and 8. x1950 or x 2 4 5 0
47. y 5 x 2 1 7x 2 30 x 5 29 or x54
5 (x 1 10)(x 2 3) The value of x is 4 units.
The zeros of the function are 210 and 3. 60. Area of rectangle 5 lw
2
48. f (x) 5 x 1 11x 84 5 (x 1 7)(x 1 2)
5 x(x 1 11) 84 5 x 2 1 9x 1 14
The zeros of the function are 0 and 211. 0 5 x 2 1 9x 2 70
2
49. g(x) 5 x 2 8x 0 5 (x 1 14)(x 2 5)
5 x(x 2 8) x 1 14 5 0 or x 2 5 5 0
The zeros of the function are 0 and 8. x 5 214 or x55
2
50. y 5 x 2 64 The value of x is 5 units.
5 (x 1 8)(x 2 8) 1
61. Area of triangle 5  }2 bh
The zeros of the function are 28 and 8. 1
42 5  }2 (2x 1 8)(x 1 3)
51. y 5 x 2 2 25
5 (x 1 5)(x 2 5) 42 5 (x 1 4)(x 1 3)
The zeros of the function are 25 and 5. 42 5 x2 1 7x 1 12
52. f (x) 5 x 2 2 12x 2 45 0 5 x2 1 7x 2 30
5 (x 1 3)(x 2 15) 0 5 (x 1 10)(x 2 3)
The zeros of the function are 23 and 15. x 1 10 5 0 or x 2 3 5 0
2
53. g(x) 5 x 1 19x 1 84 x 5 210 or x53
The value of x is 3 units.
5 (x 1 12)(x 1 7)
The zeros of the function are 212 and 27. 1
62. Area of trapezoid 5  }2 (b1 1 b2)h
54. y 5 x 2 1 22x 1 121
1
5 (x 1 11)(x 1 11) 32 5  }2 (x 1 6 1 x 1 2)x
The zero of the function is 211. 1
32 5 }
 2 (2x 1 8)x
2
55. y 5 x 1 2x 1 1
32 5 (x 1 4)x
5 (x 1 1)(x 1 1)
32 5 x2 1 4x
The zero of the function is 21.
0 5 x 2 1 4x 2 32 5 0
56. B; f (x) 5 x 2 1 6x 2 55
0 5 (x 1 8)(x 2 4) 5 0
5 (x 1 11)(x 2 5)
x1850 or x2450
x 5 28 or x54
57. (x 2 8)(x 2 11) 5 0
x 2 2 11x 2 8x 1 88 5 0
63. Sample answer: y 5 (x 2 8)(x 2 12) 5 x 2 2 20x 1 96
x2 2 19x 1 88 5 0
58. x 2 1 bx 1 7
(x 1 7)(x 1 1) 5 x2 1 8x 1 7
(x 2 7)(x 2 1) 5 x2 2 8x 1 7
Therefore, when b 5 8 or b 5 28 the expression can
be factored.
Algebra 2

64. a. x2 1 16 5 (x 1 m)(x 1 n) 68. a. Area 5 x2 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 1 1 1
mn 5 16 and m 1 n 5 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 x2 1 5x 1 6
2
b. m 1 n 5 0 b. x 1 5x 1 6 5 (x 1 3)(x 1 2)
m 5 2n The diagram is a rectangle. The length of the rectangle
is represented by (x 1 3) and the width is represented
(2n)n 5 16
by (x 1 2). So, the area of the rectangle
2n2 5 16 is (x 1 3)(x 1 2).
n2 5 216 c. x2 1 8x 1 15 5 (x 1 5)(x 1 3)
2
n 5 216 has no real-number solutions because the x 1 1 1 1 1
square of any real number n is never negative. x
Because there are no integers m and n that satisfy both 1
equations, you can conclude that there is no formula 1
for factoring the sum of two squares. 1
Problem Solving 69. New area New length New width

3(18)(15) 5 (18 1 x) p (15 1 x)
3(100)(50) 5 (100 1 x) p (50 1 x) 810 5 270 1 33x 1 x 2
15,000 5 5000 1 150x 1 x2 0 5 x 2 1 33x 2 540
0 5 x2 1 150x 2 10,000 0 5 (x 1 45)(x 2 12)
x 1 45 5 0 or x 2 12 5 0
0 5 (x 1 200)(x 2 50)
x 5 245 or x 5 12
x 1 200 5 0 or x 2 50 5 0
Reject the negative value, 245.
x 5 2200 or x 5 50
New length 5 18 1 12 5 30
Reject the negative value, 2200. The skate park’s length
New width 5 15 1 12 5 27
and width should each be increased by 50 feet. The new
dimensions are 150 feet by 100 feet. P 5 2l 1 2w 5 2(30) 1 2(27) 5 114
66. New area New length New width The length of rope needed to enclose the new section
(square feet) 5 (feet) p (feet) is 114 feet.

2(35)(18) 5 (35 1 x) p (18 1 x) (square feet) 5 (feet) p (feet)
1260 5 630 1 53x 1 x 2
1
0 5 x 2 1 53x 2 630  }2 (21)(20) 5 (21 2 x) p (20 2 x)
0 5 (x 1 63)(x 2 10) 210 5 420 2 41x 1 x2
x 1 63 5 0 or x 2 10 5 0 0 5 x2 2 41x 1 210
x 5 263 or x 5 10 0 5 (x 2 35)(x 2 6)
Reject the negative value, 263. The enclosure’s length x 2 35 5 0 or x 2 6 5 0
and width should each be increased by 10 feet. The new x 5 35 or x56
dimensions are 45 feet by 28 feet. Reject 35 because it is larger than the original length and
67. a. A 5 lw 5 30(20) 5 600 width. The new dimensions are 15 feet by 14 feet.
The area of the existing patio is 600 square feet. 71. New area New length New width
b. New area New length New width
2(10)(10) 5 (10 1 x) p (10 1 x)
600 1 464 5 (30 1 x) p (20 1 x) 200 5 100 1 20x 1 x2
1064 5 600 1 50x 1 x 2 0 5 x2 1 20x 2 100
0 5 x 2 1 50x 2 464 No, you cannot solve the equation by factoring. There
c. 2
0 5 x 1 50x 2 464 are no integers m and n such that mn 5 2100 and
0 5 (x 1 58)(x 2 8) m 1 n 5 20.
x 1 58 5 0 or x 2 8 5 0
x 5 258 or x58
Reject the negative value, 258. The length and width of
the patio should each be expanded by 8 feet.
Algebra 2

72. 2 p Area of old lot (square feet) 5 3.
Length of store Width of store k, l 2, 1 2, 1
with old lot with old lot Area of store
p 2 m, n 3, 1 1, 3
and new lot and new lot (square feet)
(feet) (feet) (kw 1 m)(lw 1 n) (2w 1 3)(w 1 1) (2w 1 1)(w 1 3)
2 p F (375)(240) 2 (300)(165) G5 2
aw 1 bw 1 c 2w 2 1 5w 1 3 2w 2 1 7w 1 3
(375 1 x) p (240 1 x) 2 (300)(165)
81,000 5 90,000 1 615x 1 x2 2 49,500 2w 2 1 w 1 3 Cannot be factored.
0 5 x2 1 615x 2 40,500 4.
0 5 (x 1 675)(x 2 60) k, l 3, 1 3, 1
x 1 675 5 0 or x 2 60 5 0
m, n 12, 21 21, 12
x 5 2675 or x 5 60
Reject the negative value, 2675. The parking lot should (kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 1 12)(x 2 1) (3x 2 1)(x 1 12)
be expanded by 60 feet. 2
ax 1 bx 1 c 3x 2 1 9x 2 12 3x 2 1 35x 2 12
Lesson 1.4 Solve ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0

by Factoring
k, l 3, 1 3, 1
Guided Practice for the lesson “Solve
ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring” m, n 212, 1 1, 212
1. (kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 2 12)(x 1 1) (3x 1 1)(x 2 12)
k, l 7, 1 7, 1 ax 2 1 bx 1 c 3x 2 2 9x 2 12 3x 2 2 35x 2 12
m, n 23, 1 21, 3

(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (7x 2 3)(x 1 1) (7x 2 1)(x 1 3)
k, l 3, 1 3, 1
ax 2 1 bx 1 c 7x 2 1 4x 2 3 7x 2 1 20x 2 3
m, n 6, 22 22, 6

(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 1 6)(x 2 2) (3x 2 2)(x 1 6)

k, l 7, 1 7, 1 2
ax 1 bx 1 c 2
3x 2 12 3x 2 1 16x 2 12
m, n 3, 21 1, 23

(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (7x 1 3)(x 2 1) (7x 1 1)(x 2 3)
k, l 3, 1 3, 1
ax 2 1 bx 1 c 7x 2 2 4x 2 3 7x 2 2 20x 2 3
m, n 26, 2 2, 26
2
7x 2 20x 2 3 5 (7x 1 1)(x 2 3) (kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 2 6)(x 1 2) (3x 1 2)(x 2 6)
2.
ax 2 1 bx 1 c 3x 2 2 12 3x 2 2 16x 2 12
k, l 5, 1 5, 1

m, n 3, 1 1, 3
k, l 3, 1 3, 1
(kz 1 m)(lz 1 n) (5z 1 3)(z 1 1) (5z 1 1)(z 1 3)
m, n 4, 23 23, 4
az 2 1 bz 1 c 5z 2 1 8z 1 3 5z 2 1 16z 1 3
(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 1 4)(x 2 3) (3x 2 3)(x 1 4)
5z2 1 16z 1 3 5 (5z 1 1)(z 1 3) 2
2
ax 1 bx 1 c 3x 2 5x 2 12 3x 2 1 9x 2 12
Algebra 2

18. 6z 2 1 33z 1 36 5 3(2z2 1 11z 1 12)
k, l 3, 1 3, 1
5 3(2z 1 3)(z 1 4)
m, n 24, 3 3, 24 2
19. 6x 2 3x 2 63 5 0
(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 2 4)(x 1 3) (3x 1 3)(x 2 4) 2x 2 2 x 2 21 5 0
ax 2 1 bx 1 c 3x 2 1 5x 2 12 3x 2 2 9x 2 12 (2x 2 7)(x 1 3) 5 0
2x 2 7 5 0 or x1350
3x2 1 5x 2 12 5 (3x 2 4)(x 1 3) 7
 2 
x5} or x 5 23
5.
20. 12x2 1 7x 1 2 5 x 1 8
k, l 4, 1 4, 1
12x2 1 6x 2 6 5 0
m, n 1, 5 5, 1
2x2 1 x 2 1 5 0
(ku 1 m)(lu 1 n) (4u 1 1)(u 1 5) (4u 1 5)(u 1 1) (2x 2 1)(x 1 1) 5 0
2
au 1 bu 1 c 2
4u 1 21u 1 5 2
4u 1 9u 1 5 2x 2 1 5 0 or x1150
1
 2  or
x5} x 5 21

k, l 2, 2
21. 7x 2 1 70x 1 175 5 0
m, n 1, 5 x2 1 10x 1 25 5 0
(ku 1 m)(lu 1 n) (2u 1 1)(2u 1 5) (x 1 5)2 5 0
x1550
au 2 1 bu 1 c 4u2 1 12u 1 5
x 5 25
2
4u 1 12u 1 5 5 (2u 1 5)(2u 1 1) 22. R(x) 5 (28,000 2 2000x) p (11 1 x)
6. R(x) 5 (22000x 1 28,000)(x 1 11)
k, l 4, 1 4, 1 R(x) 5 22000(x 2 14)(x 1 11)
14 1 (211) 3
m, n 21, 22 22, 21  }
2
   
 5} 2 5 1.5
(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (4x 2 1)(x 2 2) (4x 2 2)(x 2 1) To maximize revenue, each subscription should cost

$11 1 $1.50 5 $12.50.
ax 2 1 bx 1 c 4x 2 2 9x 1 2 4x 2 2 6x 1 2
R(1.5) 5 22000(1.5 2 14)(1.5 1 11) 5 $312,500
The maximum annual revenue is $312,500.
k, l 2, 2
Exercises for the lesson “Solve
m, n 21, 22 ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring”
(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (2x 2 1)(2x 2 2) Skill Practice
2
ax 1 bx 1 c 2
4x 2 6x 1 2 1. 12x 2 1 8x 1 20 5 4(3x2 1 2x 1 5)
The greatest common monomial factor is 4.
4x 2 2 9x 1 2 5 (4x 2 1)(x 2 2)
2. If a and c are perfect squares, then you may be able to
7. 16x 2 2 1 5 (4x)2 2 12 5 (4x 1 1)(4x 2 1) use the perfect square trinomial factoring pattern.
8. 9y 2 1 12y 1 4 5 (3y)2 1 2(3y)(2) 1 22 5 (3y 1 2)2 3. 2x 2 1 5x 1 3 5 (2x 1 3)(x 1 1)
2 2 2 2
9. 4r 2 28r 1 49 5 (2r) 2 2(2r)(7) 1 7 5 (2r 2 7) 4. 3n2 1 7n 1 4 5 (3n 1 4)(n 1 1)
2 2 2 2
10. 25s 2 80s 1 64 5 (5s) 2 2(5s)(8) 1 8 5 (5s 2 8) 5. 4r 2 1 5r 1 1 5 (4r 1 1)(r 1 1)
2 2 2 2
11. 49z 1 42z 1 9 5 (7z) 1 2(7z)(3) 1 3 5 (7z 1 3) 6. 6p2 1 5p 1 1 5 (3p 1 1)(2p 1 1)
2 2 2
12. 36n 2 9 5 (6n) 2 3 5 (6n 1 3)(6n 2 3) 7. 11z 2 1 2z 2 9 5 (11z 2 9)(z 1 1)
13. 3s 2 24 5 3(s 2 8)
2 2
8. 15x 2 2 2x 2 8 5 (5x 2 4)(3x 1 2)
14. 8t 1 38t 2 10 5 2(4t 1 19t 2 5) 5 2(4t 2 1)(t 1 5)
2 2
9. The expression 4y 2 2 5y 2 4 cannot be factored.
15. 6x 1 24x 1 15 5 3(2x 1 8x 1 5)
2 2
10. 14m2 1 m 2 3 5 (7m 2 3)(2m 1 1)
16. 12x 2 28x 2 24 5 4(3x 2 7x 2 6)
2 2
11. 9d 2 2 13d 2 10 5 (9d 1 5)(d 2 2)
5 4(3x 1 2)(x 2 3) 12. D; 5x 2 1 14x 2 3 5 (5x 2 1)(x 1 3)
2
17. 216n 1 12n 5 24n(4n 2 3) 13. 9x 2 2 1 5 (3x)2 2 12 5 (3x 1 1)(3x 2 1)
14. 4r 2 2 25 5 (2r)2 2 52 5 (2r 1 5)(2r 2 5)
Algebra 2

15. 49n2 2 16 5 (7n)2 2 42 5 (7n 1 4)(7n 2 4) 36. 4x2 2 20x 1 25 5 0 37. 4p2 1 12p 1 9 5 0
16. 16s 2 1 8s 1 1 5 (4s)2 1 2(4s)(1) 1 12 5 (4s 1 1)2 (2x 2 5)(2x 2 5) 5 0 (2p 1 3)(2p 1 3) 5 0
17. 49x 2 1 70x 1 25 5 (7x)2 1 2(7x)(5) 1 52 5 (7x 1 5)2 (2x 2 5)2 5 0 (2p 1 3)2 5 0
18. 64w 2 1 144w 1 81 5 (8w)2 1 2(8w)(9) 1 92 2x 2 5 5 0 2p 1 3 5 0
5 (8w 1 9)2 5 3
x 5  }2  p 5 2 }2 
2 2 2 2
19. 9p 2 12p 1 4 5 (3p) 2 2(3p)(2) 1 2 5 (3p 2 2)
20. 25t 2 2 30t 1 9 5 (5t)2 2 2(5t)(3) 1 32 5 (5t 2 3)2 38. 15x2 1 7x 2 2 5 0
21. 36x 2 2 84x 1 49 5 (6x)2 2 2(6x)(7) 1 72 5 (6x 2 7)2 (5x 2 1)(3x 1 2) 5 0

22. 12x 2 4x 2 40 5 4(3x 2 x 2 10) 5 4(3x 1 5)(x 2 2)
2 2 5x 2 1 5 0 or 3x 1 2 5 0
1 2
23. 18z 2 1 36z 1 16 5 2(9z2 1 18z 1 8) x 5  }5  or x 5 2 }3 
5 2(3z 1 4)(3z 1 2)
39. 6r2 2 7r 2 5 5 0
24. 32v 2
2 2 5 2(16v2 2 1) 5 2(4v 1 1)(4v 2 1)
(3r 2 5)(2r 1 1) 5 0
25. 6u 2 2 24u 5 6u(u 2 4)
3r 2 5 5 0 or 2r 1 1 5 0
26. 12m2 2 36m 1 27 5 3(4m2 2 12m 1 9)
5 1
5 3(2m 2 3)(2m 2 3) 5 3(2m 2 3)2  3  or
r5} r 5 2 }2 
27. 20x 2 1 124x 1 24 5 4(5x2 1 31x 1 6) 40. 36z2 1 96z 1 15 5 0
5 4(5x 1 1)(x 1 6) (6z 1 1)(6z 1 15) 5 0
28. 21x 2 77x 2 28 5 7(3x2 2 11x 2 4)
2
6z 1 1 5 0 or 6z 1 15 5 0
5 7(3x 1 1)(x 2 4) 1 5
z 5 2 }6  or z 5 2 }2 
29. 236n 2
1 48n 2 15 5 23(12n2 2 16n 1 5)
5 23(6n 2 5)(2n 2 1) 41. y 5 4x 2 2 19x 2 5
30. 28y2 1 28y 2 60 5 24(2y2 2 7y 1 15) 5 (4x 1 1)(x 2 5)
31. When factoring out a common monomial, you must factor 1
The zeros of the function are 2 }4 and 5.
it from all the terms of the expression, not just the first
term. 42. g(x) 5 3x 2 2 8x 1 5
4x2 2 36 5 4(x2 2 9) 5 (3x 2 5)(x 2 1)
5 4(x 1 3)(x 2 3) 5
 3 and 1.
The zeros of the function }
2
32. 16x 2 1 5 0
43. y 5 5x 2 2 27x 2 18
(4x 1 1)(4x 2 1) 5 0
5 (5x 1 3)(x 2 6)
4x 1 1 5 0 or 4x 2 1 5 0
3
1 1 The zeros of the function are 2 }5 and 6.
x 5 2 }4  or x 5  }4 
44. f (x) 5 3x 2 2 3x
33. 11q2 2 44 5 0
5 3x(x 2 1)
q2 2 4 5 0
(q 1 2)(q 2 2) 5 0
45. y 5 11x 2 2 19x 2 6
q1250 or q 2 2 5 0
5 (11x 1 3)(x 2 2)
q 5 22 or q52
3
34. 14s2 2 21s 5 0 The zeros of the function are 2 }
11
   and 2.
2s2 2 3s 5 0 46. y 5 16x 2 2 2x 2 5
s(2s 2 3) 5 0 5 (8x 2 5)(2x 1 1)
s50 or 2s 2 3 5 0 5 1
 8   and 2 }2 .
The zeros of the function are }
3
s50 or  2 
s5}
47. y 5 15x 2 2 5x 2 20
2
35. 45n 1 10n 5 0 5 5(3x2 2 x 2 4)
9n2 1 2n 5 0 5 5(3x 2 4)(x 1 1)
n(9n 1 2) 5 0 4
 3 and 21.
n 5 0 or 9n 1 2 5 0
2
n 5 0 or n 5 2 }9 
Algebra 2

48. y 5 18x 2 2 6x 2 4 55. 18x2 2 22x 5 28
5 2(9x2 2 3x 2 2) 18x2 2 22x 2 28 5 0
5 2(3x 2 2)(3x 1 1) 9x2 2 11x 2 14 5 0
2 1 (9x 1 7)(x 2 2) 5 0
 3 and 2 }3 .
9x 1 7 5 0 or x 2 2 5 0
49. g(x) 5 12x2 1 5x 2 7
7
5 (12x 2 7)(x 1 1) x 5 2 }9  or x52
7
 12  and 21.
The zeros of the function are } 56. 13x 2 1 21x 5 25x2 1 22
2
18x 1 21x 2 22 5 0
50. Area of square 5 s2
(6x 1 11)(3x 2 2) 5 0
36 5 (2x)2
6x 1 11 5 0 or 3x 2 2 5 0
36 5 4x2
11 2

0 5 4x2 2 36 x 5 2 }
6
   or x 5  }3 
0 5 x2 2 9 57. x 5 4x 2 2 15x
0 5 (x 1 3)(x 2 3) 0 5 4x2 2 16x
x1350 or x 2 3 5 0 0 5 x2 2 4x
x 5 23 or x53 0 5 x(x 2 4)
The value of x is 3 units. x 5 0 or x54
51. Area of rectangle 5 lw
58. (x 1 8) 5 16 2 x2 1 9x
2
30 5 (3x 1 1)(x)
x 1 16x 1 64 5 16 2 x 2 1 9x
2
30 5 3x2 1 x
2x 2 1 7x 1 48 5 0
0 5 3x2 1 x 2 30
The expression 2x 2 1 7x 1 48 does not factor and has
0 5 (3x 1 10)(x 2 3) no solution.
3x 1 10 5 0 or x 2 3 5 0 59. 2x 3 2 5x2 1 3x 60. 8x4 2 8x3 2 6x2
10
x 5 2 }
3
   or x53 x(2x 2 2 5x 1 3) 2x2(4x2 2 4x 2 3)
The value of x is 3 units. x(2x 2 3)(x 2 1) 2x 2(2x 1 1)(2x 2 3)

1 61. 9x3 2 4x
52. Area of triangle 5  }2 bh
x(9x2 2 4)
1 x(3x 1 2)(3x 2 2)
 2 (5x 2 2)(2x)
115 5 }
115 5 5x2 2 2x Problem Solving
0 5 5x2 2 2x 2 115
Area of Area of window Area of
0 5 (5x 1 23)(x 2 5) 62. border 5 and border 2 window
5x 1 23 5 0 or x2550 (square feet) (square feet) (square feet)
23
x 5 2 }    or x55 4 5 (2 1 2x)(1 1 2x) 2 2(1)
5
4 5 2 1 6x 1 4x2 2 2
0 5 4x2 1 6x 2 4
53. 2x2 2 4x 2 8 5 2x2 1 x
0 5 2x2 1 3x 2 2
3x2 2 5x 2 8 5 0
0 5 (2x 2 1)(x 1 2)
(3x 2 8)(x 1 1) 5 0
2x 2 1 5 0 or x 1 2 5 0
3x 2 8 5 0 or x1150
1
8  2 
x5} or x 5 22
 3  or
x5} x 5 21
Reject the negative value, 22. The width of the border
54. 24x2 1 8x 1 2 5 5 2 6x
2 1
24x 1 14x 2 3 5 0 should be  }2 foot, or 6 inches.
(6x 2 1)(4x 13) 5 0
6x 2 1 5 0 or 4x 1 3 5 0
1 3
 6  or
x5} x 5 2 }4 
Algebra 2

2 1 2x 4x 2 17 5 0 or x 1 21 5 0
x 17
 4   or
x5} x 5 221
1 1 2x x 1 ft x
2 ft
Left and right: 2x 5 21  }
17
42
17
x     5 }
 2  5 8.5
Area of flower Area of Area of 17

 4  5 4.25
Top and bottom: x 5 }
63. bed and border 2 flower bed 5 flower bed
(square feet) (square feet) (square feet) The mat should be 8.5 inches wide to the left and right of
the painting and 4.25 inches wide at the top and bottom of
(12 1 2x)(8 1 2x) 2 12(8) 5 12(8) the painting.
2
96 1 40x 1 4x 2 96 5 96
67. a. 36 1 x 5 108
4x 2 1 40x 2 96 5 0
x 5 72
x 2 1 10x 2 24 5 0
The girth of the package is 72 inches.
(x 1 12)(x 2 2) 5 0
b. 2w 1 2h 5 72
x 1 12 5 0 or x 2 2 5 0
2w 5 72 2 2h
x 5 212 or x52
w 5 36 2 h
V 5 lwh
The width of the border of yellow roses should be 2 feet. 5 (36)(36 2 h)(h)
64. A; Monthly 5 36h(36 2 h)
Price (dollars/ Sales
revenue 5 p
surfboard) (surfboards) 5 236h(h 2 36)
(dollars)
0 1 36
R(x) 5 (500 2 20x) p (45 1 5x) c. h 5 }
  2   
 5 18 w 5 36 2 18 5 18
R(x) 5 220(x 2 25)(5)(x 1 9) Vertex: (18, 18)
R(x) 5 2100(x 2 25)(x 1 9) A height of 18 inches and a width of 18 inches
p1q 25 1 (29) maximize the volume of the package.
x 5  }
2
5 }
   
    2
   5 8
 
Using these maximum dimensions, the maximum
To maximize revenue, each surfboard should cost volume of the package is V 5 lwh 5 36(18)(18) 5
500 2 20(8) 5 $340. 11,664 cubic inches.

68. Theorem: If two chords intersect in the interior of a circle,
65. Daily Price then the product of the lengths of the segments of one
Sales p (dollars/
revenue 5 chord is equal to the product of the lengths of the segments
(sandwiches)
(dollars) sandwich) of the other chord.
R(x) 5 (330 1 15x) p (6 2 0.25x) (3x 1 2)(x 1 1) 5 (2x)(5x 2 4)
R(x) 5 15(x 1 22)(20.25x 1 6) 3x2 1 5x 1 2 5 10x2 2 8x
R(x) 5 15(x 1 22)( 2 0.25)(x 2 24) 0 5 7x2 2 13x 2 2
R(x) 5 23.75(x 1 22)(x 2 24) 0 5 (7x 1 1)(x 2 2)
The zeros of the revenue function are 222 and 24, and 7x 1 1 5 0 or x 2 2 5 0
222 1 24
their average is  }
2
   5 1. To maximize revenue,
  1
x 5 2 }7  or x52
each sandwich should cost 6 2 0.25(1) 5 $5.75. The
1
maximum daily revenue is Reject the negative value, 2 }7 . The value of x is 2 units.
R(1) 5 23.75(1 1 22)(1 2 24) 5 $1983.75.
66. Area Area of painting Area of

of mat 5 and mat 2 painting
(square in.) (square in.) (square in.)
714 5 (25 1 4x)(21 1 2x) 2 (25)(21)
714 5 525 1 134x 1 8x2 2 525
0 5 8x2 1 134x 2 714
0 5 4x2 1 67x 2 357
0 5 (4x 2 17)(x 1 21)
Algebra 2

Quiz for the lessons “Graph Quadratic 5. g(x) 5 22(x 1 3)(x 2 7)
Functions in Standard Form”, “Graph 5 22(x2 2 7x 1 3x 2 21)
Quadratic Functions in Vertex or Intercept
5 22(x2 2 4x 2 21)
Form”, “Solve x2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring”
and “Solve ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by Factoring” 5 22x2 1 8x 1 42
1. y 5 x2 2 6x 1 14 y 6. y 5 5(x 1 6)2 2 2
2b 2(26) 5 5(x 1 6)(x 1 6) 2 2
x 5 }
 2a  5 }
  2(1)   
 5 3
5 5(x2 1 6x 1 6x 1 36) 2 2
y 5 (3)2 2 6(3) 1 14 5 5 (3, 5)
5 5(x2 1 12x 1 36) 2 2
Vertex: (3, 5) 5 5x2 1 60x 1 180 2 2
x53
Axis of symmetry: x 5 3 1 5 5x2 1 60x 1 178
y-intercept: 14; (0, 14) 21 x 7. x 2 1 9x 1 20 5 0
x 5 2: y 5 (2)2 2 6(2) 1 14 5 6; (2, 6) (x 1 5)(x 1 4) 5 0
2. y 5 2x2 1 8x 1 15 x 1 5 5 0 or x 1 4 5 0
2b 28 x 5 25 or x 5 24
x 5 }
 2a  5 }
 2(2)   5 22
8. n 2 2 11n 1 24 5 0
y 5 2(22)2 1 8(22) 1 15 5 7 (n 2 8)(n 2 3) 5 0
y
n 2 8 5 0 or n 2 3 5 0
n58 or n53
(22, 7)
9. z 2 2 3z 2 40 5 0
(z 1 5)(z 2 8) 5 0
z 1 5 5 0 or z 2 8 5 0
z 5 25 or z58
x 5 22
1 10. 5s2 2 14s 2 3 5 0
21 x
(5s 1 1)(s 2 3) 5 0
Vertex: (22, 7) 5s 1 1 5 0 or s 2 3 5 0

1
s 5 2 }5  or s53
x 5 21: y 5 2(21)2 1 8(21) 1 15 5 9; (21, 9) 11. 7a 2 2 30a 1 8 5 0
2 (7a 2 2)(a 2 4) 5 0
3. f (x) 5 23x 1 6x 2 5
2b 26 7a 2 2 5 0 or a 2 4 5 0
 2a  5 }
x5}  2(23)
   
51
2
 7  or
a5} a54
f (1) 5 23(1)2 1 6(1) 2 5 5 22
y x51 12. 4x 2 1 20x 1 25 5 0
1
21 x
(2x 1 5)(2x 1 5) 5 0
(1, 22) 2x 1 5 5 0
5
x 5 2 }2 
13. Monthly Price

Sales
revenue 5 (dollars/DVD p (DVD players)
Vertex: (1, 22)
(dollars) player)
R(x) 5 (50 1 5x) p (140 2 10x)
R(x) 5 (210x 1 140)(5x 1 50)
x 5 21: f (21) 5 23(21)2 1 6(21) 2 5 5 214;
R(x) 5 210(x 2 14)(5x 1 50)
(21, 214)
R(x) 5 210 p 5(x 2 14)(x 1 10)
4. y 5 (x 2 4)(x 2 8)
R(x) 5 250(x 2 14)(x 1 10)
5 x 2 2 8x 2 4x 1 32
5 x 2 2 12x 1 32
Algebra 2

p1q 14 1 (210) 19. 3(x 2 2)2 5 40
x 5 }
  2   
5 }
    2
   
 52
40
(x 2 2)2 5 }
 3  
To maximize revenue, each DVD player should cost
140 2 10(2) 5 $120.
Î40
}
x2256 }
 3    
R(2) 5 250(2 2 14)(2 1 10) 5 7200
The maximum monthly revenue is $7200. }
Ï 40   Ï
}
3  
x 2 2 5 6  } p }
}     }  
Ï 3   Ï3  
Lesson 1.5 Solve Quadratic Equations by }
Ï 120  
Finding Square Roots x 2 2 5 6  }  
 
3
Guided Practice for the lesson “Solve } }
Ï 4  p Ï
30  
Quadratic Equations by Finding Square Roots”   x 2 2 5 6  }
3
 
   
} } } }
9  p Ï
1. Ï 27  5 Ï 3  5 3Ï 3   }
} } } } 2Ï30  
49  p Ï
2. Ï 98 5 Ï
  2  5 7Ï 2   x 2 2 5 6  }
3
 
 
} } } } } }
3. Ï 10 p Ï
  25  p Ï
15  5 Ï 150  5 Ï 6  5 5Ï 6   }
2Ï30  
}
4. Ï 8 p Ï28  5 Ï
 
} }
16 p Ï
224  5 Ï 14 5 4Ï 14  
}
 
}
 
}   x526}
  3   
 
} } } } } 20. h 5 216t 2 1 h0
Ï Ï
9 Ï 9   3 15 Ï15   Ï 15  
5. }
 64    5 }
  }   5 }
 8  6.  }    5 }
  }   5 }
  2   
 
Ï 64   4 Ï4   0 5 216t 2 1 30
} } } } }
230 5 216t 2
7. Ï } Ï49  Ï49   5 } 7 
11 Ï
11  Ï 11 
    36 Ï36  6  
 25   5 }
      
} 5 }  5      8.  }   5 }   }
Ï 25  30
  5 t 2
   
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16
} } } } }
9. Ï }
6 Ï 6  Ï6  Ï5  Ï30 
    5  }  p }
Î30
       
 5   5 }
  } }    5 }  5   
}   }
Ï 5  Ï5  Ï5 
      6 }
 16   5 t
} } } } } } } } }
Ï 9  Ï9  Ï 8  Ï72  Ï36 p Ï
10. Ï }
9 2  6Ï2  3Ï2 
    5  }  p }
             
61.4 ø t
 
 8  5 }
  }     5  }
} }
8
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     8     5 }   8   
 5 }
  4   
 
Ï 8  Ï8  Ï 8 
     
} } } } } } } Reject the negative solution, 21.4, because time must
Ï4 p Ï
11. Ï }
17 Ï 17  Ï17  Ï12  Ï204  51  be positive. The container will fall for about 1.4 seconds
p }
           
 12  5 }      
} 5 }
     }     5  } }
12
   5  } 12
     
Ï 12  Ï12  Ï12 
      before it hits the ground.
} }
2Ï 51   Ï51  
5  }
12
   5  }
6
 
   Exercises for the lesson “Solve Quadratic
} } } } }
Equations by Finding Square Roots”
Ï
19 Ï 19   Ï19   Ï
21   Ï399  
12. }
 21   5 }
  }  
5 } p }
  }     }  
5  }
21
 
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Ï 21   Ï21   Ï21  
}
26 26 71Ï 5  
} }
242 2 6Ï5  1. In the expression Ï72 ,  72 is called the radicand of the
p }
 
13.  } }  
5  } }     5  
}   }}
}   
}      expression.
72Ï
5   72Ï
5   7 1 Ï
5   49 1 7Ï5 2 7Ï5 2 5
   
} } 2. To “rationalize the denominator” of a quotient containing
242 2 6Ï 5   221 2 3Ï5  
5  }
44
   
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} }
denominator.
2 2 42Ï 11   8 2 2Ï11   } } } }
14.  } }  
5  } p}
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}   
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3. Ï28  5 Ï
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}
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5  }
5
   
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5. Ï150  5 Ï
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27  5 Ï81  5 9
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15.  } }  
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}     }     
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7   91Ï
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  74   
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} } } } } }
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82Ï 3   82Ï 3   8 1 Ï
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12.  }
}   } p }
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p }
 
13. }
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5 }
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x 5 64 z 5 66 Ï 11   Ï11   Ï11  
Algebra 2

x2
} } } } } } } 28. 7r 2 2 10 5 25 29. }
 25  2 6 5 22
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p }
 
14. }
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7r 2 5 35  }
25
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} }
2Ï 91   Ï91  
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2 2 11Ï 3  
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2  
} } } } }
Ï 2  Ï2   42Ï 5   4Ï2 2 Ï10  } }
17.  }
 
 }  
5}  p }
 }     5  
}   }}
}
 
  
}
 
     t 5 6Ï 4  p Ï
35  
41Ï 5   41Ï 5   4 2 Ï 5   16 2 4Ï 5 1 4Ï5 2 5
    }
}
4Ï 2  2 Ï
}
10   t 5 62Ï 35  
 
5}    
 
11 32. 7(x 2 4)2 2 18 5 10 33. 2(x 1 2)2 2 5 5 8
} } } } } }
2
31Ï 7  31Ï 7   2 1 Ï 10   6 1 3Ï 10 1 2Ï7 1 Ï70  7(x 2 4) 5 28 2(x 1 2)2 5 13
p }
       
18.  
}}     5 }
  }       }  5      
}}
} }  
2 2 Ï10  2 2 Ï
  10   2 1 Ï 10   4 1 2Ï10 2 2Ï10 2 10
    13
(x 2 4)2 5 4 (x 1 2)2 5 }
 2  
} } }
6 1 3Ï 10  1 2Ï7 1 Ï
70  
 
5 2 }}        }
Ï
6 } 13
x 2 4 5 6Ï 4 
  x 1 2 5 6 }
 2    
} } } }
36 p Ï3  5 6Ï 3  
19. C; Ï108  5 Ï   } }
Ï13   Ï 2  
x 2 4 5 62 x 1 2 5 6 } 2 }
}     }  
20. The expression was not completely simplified. Ï2   Ï 2  
}
} } } } } } } Ï26  
4  p Ï
Ï96  5 Ï 24  5 2Ï24  5 2Ï 4  p Ï
6  5 4Ï6   x 5 4 6 2 5 6, 2 x 1 2 5 6 }
2
 
  
} } } }
or Ï96  5 Ï16  p Ï
6  5 4Ï 6   }
Ï 26  
21. Because 81 > 0, the equation
}
x 2 5 81 has}
two real- x 5 22 6  }
2
 
  
number solutions: x 5 Ï
81  , and x 5 2Ï81  .
34. a. Solve for x:

5x 2 5 405 } } }
2  # Ï3  
Ï12  2 x Ï
x 2 5 81 } } } } }
} 2  # Ï
Ï12  2 Ï12  2 x Ï 3  2 Ï
12  
x 5 6 Ï 81  
2xÎ2  
}
Î
3  2 Î
} }
12  
x569  } $ }
      
   
Î} Î} 2 2   2 2  
22. s 2 5 169 23. a2 5 50
} } Î
3  2 Î
} }
12  
s 5 6 Ï 169  a 5 6Ï 50    
x$} }     
2Î2  
 
} }
s 5 6 13 a 5 6 Ï25  p Ï
2   Simplify the radical expression:
}
Î3  2 Î Î12  2 Î3  
} } } }
a 5 65 Ï2   12  
 }
Î}
 
   5}  Î}   
 
24. x 2 5 84 25. 6z 2 5 150 2 2   2  
2Î3  2 Î
} } }
x 5 6Ï 84   z 2 5 25 5  }  
   
3  
} } } Î} 2  
x 5 6Ï 4  p Ï
21 
  z 5 6Ï25  
Î3   Î
} }
2  
p
}
x 5 62Ï21  z 5 65 5  }
Î }    
} }    
2   Î2  
 
26. 4p2 5 448 27. 23w 2 5 2213 Î }

6  
5  }
2
   
p2 5 112 w 2 5 71 Î6  
}
} }   2   .
So, x $ }
p 5 6Ï112    w 5 6Ï 71  
} } b. Solve for x:
p 5 6Ï16 p Ï
7 
   
xÎ3  . 2 1 x
}
}
p 5 64Ï7   
xÎ3  2 x . 2 1 x 2 x
}

x1 Î3  2 1 2. 2
}

x1 Î3  2 1 2
}
2
  }
}  
      }     
.}
Î3  2 1 Î3  2 1
2
 Î}     
x.}
3  2 1
Algebra 2

Simplify the radical expression: Problem Solving
Î 2Î3   1 2
}
h 5 216t 2 1 h0
}
2 3  1 1 38.
 }
Î }     p  
}
   5  
}    
3  2 1 Î
}
3  1 1 321
h 5 216t2 1 40
21 Î3  1 1 2
}
5  }   
  0 5 216t2 1 40
2
240 5 216t 2
5Î
}
3  1 1
40
 }   5 t 2
So, x . Î3  1 1.
}
16
}
Ï
c. Solve for x: 40
6 }
 16    5 t
2Î5  5 4 1 xÎ8  
} }

2Î5  2 4 5 4 2 4 1 xÎ8  
} } 61.6 ø t
2Î5  2 4 5 xÎ8  
} } Reject the negative solution, 21.6, because time must be
positive. The diver is in the air for about 1.6 seconds.
2Î5  2 4 xÎ8  
} }
 } Î }   
  5  
}
Î }   g
8   8   39. h 5 2 }2  t 2 1 h0
2Î5  2 4
}
x5}   Î}      32
8   Earth: 0 5 2 }   t 2 1 150
2
Simplify the radical expression: 0 5 216t 2 1 150
2Î5  2 4 2Î5  2 4
} }
 } }   
  5  
} }      2150 5 216t 2
Î
8   2Î2  
150
21 Î5  2 2 2   5 t 2
}
 }
16
5}   Î}     
2 2   }
Ï
150
Î
5  2 2 Î
} }
2   6 }
 16    5 t
5}   Î}     p }
 Î}    
2   2   63.1 ø t
Î
10  2 2Î2  
} }
 
5}    
  It takes the rock about 3.1 seconds to hit the surface
2
of Earth.
Î10   2 2Î2  
} }
12
So, x 5 }
    .
 
  Mars: 0 5 2 }   t 2 1 150
2 2
35. One method for solving the equation is to use the special 0 5 26t 2 1 150
factoring pattern known as the difference of two squares.
2150 5 26t 2
x2 2 4 5 0
25 5 t 2
(x 1 2)(x 2 2) 5 0 }
6Ï 25  5 t 2
x 1 2 5 0 or x 2 2 5 0
65 5 t
x 5 22 or x52
It takes the rock 5 seconds to hit the surface of Mars.
Another method for solving the equation is to use
square roots. 76
Jupiter: 0 5 2 }   t 2 1 150
2
x2 2 4 5 0
0 5 238t 2 1 150
x2 5 4
} 2150 5 238t 2
x 5 6Ï4  
150
x 5 62  }   5 t 2
38
36. Sample answer: }
Ï
150
2  38    5 t
6 }
a. x 5 121
b. x2 5 0 62 ø t
c. x2 5 236 It takes the rock about 2 seconds to hit the surface
of Jupiter.
37. a(x 1 b)2 5 c 30
Saturn: 0 5 2 }   t2 1 150
c 2 2
(x 1 b) 5 }
 a  0 5 215t 2 1 150
Îc 2150 5 215t 2
}
 a   
x 1 b 5 6 }
10 5 t 2
}
Ï c   Ï} a   }
x 1 b 5 6 }}  p  }  
}  6Ï 10  5 t
Ï a   Ï a  
} 63.2 ø t
Ï ca  
x 1 b 5 6 }
a
 
   It takes the rock about 3.2 seconds to hit the surface
}
Ï ca   of Saturn.
x 5 2b 6  }
a
 
  
Algebra 2

2
Pluto: 0 5 2 }2  t 2 1 150
1 
} 2
0 5 2t 1 150 2
43.
}
h 5 Ïh0  2 }
   
   
2πd 2Ï 3  
t 
lw 2
2150 5 2t 2 The pool is completely drained when h 5 0.
1 
} 2
150 5 t
}
2

}
0 5 Ïh0  2 }
 
2πd 2Ï3  
t  
   
lw 2
6Ï150  5 t }
} 2πd 2Ï3  
612.2 ø t 0 5 Ï h0  2 }
  t 
   
lw
It takes the rock about 12.2 seconds to hit the surface }
2πd 2Ï3   }
of Pluto.  } t 5 Ï
    h0  
lw
} }
40. h 5 0.019s2 lwÏ h0   Ï3  
}
lwÏ3h0  
t 5  }2 }
  p  }
   5 }
}      
2   
5 5 0.019s2 20 5 0.019s2 2πd Ï3   Ï3   6πd
5 20
 }     5 s2  }     5 s2 Problem Solving Workshop for the lesson
0.019 0.019
} }
“Solve Quadratic Equations by Finding Square
Ï Ï
5 20 Roots”
6 }
 0.019
     
   0.019
5 s 6 }      
  5s
1. 2x 2 2 12x 1 10 5 0
616.2 ø s 632.4 ø s
x 5 1 or x 5 5
16.2 knots 32.4 knots

The wind speed required to generate 20 foot waves is twice X Y1
0 10
the wind speed required to generate 5 foot waves. 1 0
2 -6
3 -8
41. a. Area of circle 5 Area of square 4 -6
5 0
πr 2 5 10 2 6 10
X=1
πr 2 5 100
b. πr 2 5 100 2. x 2 1 7x 1 12 5 0
2 100
  π    
r 5} x 5 24 or x 5 23
}
r 5 6 } Ï 100
  π      
X
-6
-5
Y1
6
2
-4 0
r ø 65.6

-3 0
-2 2
-1 6
The radius of the circular lot should be about 5.6 feet. 0 12
X=-4
c. πr 2 5 s2
s2
r2 5 }
 π   3. 9x 2 2 30x 1 25 5 0
Îs x ø 1.7
}
2
 π    
r 5 6 }

X Y1
2
42. a. R 5 0.00829s 1.4
1.5
.64
.25
1.6 .04
5 5 0.00829s2 1.7 .01
1.8 .16
1.9 .49
5 2
     5 s
}  2.0 1 Zero
0.00829 X=1.7 X=1.6666666 Y=0
Î
}
5
6 }
 0.00829
      
5s
4. 7x 2 2 3 5 0
624.6 ø s
X Y1 X Y1
Reject the negative solution, 224.6, because speed must -1 4 .2 -2.72
-.9 2.67 .3 -2.37
be positive. The speed of the racing cyclist is about -.8 1.48 .4 -1.88
-.7 .43 .5 -1.25
24.6 miles per hour. -.6 -.48 .6 -.48
-.5 -1.25 .7 .43
b. R 5 0.00829s2 -.4
X=-.7
-1.88 .8
X=.6
1.48
R 5 0.00829(2s)2

R 5 0.00829(4s2)

R 5 4(0.00829s2)
The air resistance quadruples when the cyclist’s speed
doubles.
Algebra 2

8. h 5 216t 2 1 h0
0 5 216t2 1 30

X Y1
1 14
1.1 10.64
1.2 6.96
1.3 2.96
1.4 -1.36
1.5 -6
The tables show that x is between 20.7 and 20.6 or x is 1.6 -10.96 Zero
X=1.4 X=1.3693064 Y=0
between 0.6 and 0.7.
5. x 2 1 3x 2 6 5 0 The shellfish hits the The shellfish hits the
ground between 1.3 and ground about 1.4
X Y1 X Y1
-4.8 2.64 1 -2 1.4 seconds after it is seconds after it is
1.1 -1.49
-4.7
-4.6
1.99
1.36 1.2 -.96 dropped. dropped.
-4.5 .75 1.3 -.41
-4.4 .16 1.4 .16 9. h 5 216t 2 1 h0
-4.3 -.41 1.5 .75
-4.2
X=-4.4
-.96 1.6
X=1.4
1.36
4 5 216t2 1 29
0 5 216t2 1 25

X Y1
1 9
1.1 5.64
1.2 1.96
1.3 -2.04
1.4 -6.36
1.5 -11
1.6 -15.96 Zero
X=1.3 X=1.25 Y=0
The tables show that x is between 24.4 and 24.3 or x is The ball is in the air between The ball is in the air
between 1.3 and 1.4. 1.2 and 1.3 seconds before 1.25 seconds before your
6. h 5 216t 2 1 h0 your friend catches it. friend catches it.
0 5 216t 2 1 100 10. h 5 16t 2 1 h0
0 5 216t2 1 50
X Y1
2 36 The table feature of the graphing calculator must be set so
2.1 29.44
2.2 22.56 that the x-values start at 1 and increase in increments of
2.3 15.36
2.4 7.84 0.01. Scroll through the table to find the time x at which
2.5 0
2.6 -8.16 Zero the height y of the container is 0 feet.
X=2.5 X=2.5 Y=0

X Y1
The container hits the ground 2.5 seconds after it 1.73
1.74
2.1136
1.5584
is dropped. 1.75
1.76
1
.4384
7. P 5 0.00256s 2
1.77 -.1264
1.78 -.6944
1.79 -1.266
30 5 0.00256s 2 X=1.77
0 5 0.00256s 2 2 30

X Y1
108 -.1402
108.1 -.0848
108.2 -.0295
108.3 .02596
108.4 .08143
108.5 .13696
108.6 .19254 Zero
X=108.3 X=108.25318 Y=0
A pressure of 30 lb/ft2 A pressure of 30 lb/ft 2 is

is produced by a wind produced by a wind
speed between 108.2 and speed of about 108.3
108.3 miles per hour. miles per hour.
Algebra 2

Mixed Review of Problem Solving for the b. From part (a), you can see that the water cannon can
lesson “Graph Quadratic Functions in S tandard shoot 143.9 feet.
Form”, “Graph Quadratic Functions in V ertex c. From part (a), you can see that the maximum height of
or Intercept Form”, “Solve x2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 the water is 18.1 feet.
by Factoring”, “Solve ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 by
3.
Factoring” and “Solve Quadratic Equations by
15 in.
Finding Square Roots” h in.
1. a. h 5 216t2 1 h0
w in.
h 5 216t2 1 20
w 4
b 0 a. }
    5 }
 3  b. w 2 1 h2 5 152
b. t 5 2 }   5 }
 2(216)
    
5 0 h h
2a
 3 h 1 }
h 5 216t 2 1 20 4 4 2
2 w5}  3 h 2 1 h2 5 152
h 5 216(0) 1 20 5 20
Vertex: (0, 20) 16  h2 1 h2 5 225
c.  }
2 9
t 5 1: h 5 216(1) 1 20
25
5 4; (1, 4)  }   h2 5 225
9
h 5 0: 0 5 216t 2 1 20 9 25 9
2  }    p }  25  p 225
    h2 5 }
220 5 216t 2 25 9
20
0.25 t
h2 5 81
 }  5 t 2
16 }
h 5 6Ï
    81  
Î20
}
6  }    5 t
h 5 69
16
You must reject the negative solution because the
61.12 ø t height of a laptop computer screen is never a negative
c. h 5 216t2 1 20 measurement.
0 5 216t2 1 20 d. h 5 9
220 5 216t 2 4 4
 3 h 5 }
w 5 }  3  (9) 5 12
20
 }  5 t 2 A 5 lw 5 9(12) 5 108
16
Î20
} The laptop screen is 9 inches high and 12 inches wide.

 16    5 t
6   } The area of the laptop screen is 108 in.2
4. 416 5 (20 1 2x)(24 1 2x) 2 20(24)
61.1 ø t
416 5 480 1 88x 1 4x2 2 480
The pinecone hits the ground after about 1.1 seconds.
0 5 4x 2 1 88x 2 416
d. domain: 0 ≤ t ≤ 1.1; range: 0 ≤ h ≤ 20
0 5 x 2 1 22x 2 104
2. a. y 5 20.0035x(x 2 143.9)
y 5 20.0035(x 2 0)(x 2 143.9) 0 5 (x 1 26)(x 2 4)
p 5 0 and q 5 143.9 x 1 26 5 0 or x 2 4 5 0
Because the x-intercepts are 0 and 143.9 the domain is x 5 226 or x54
0 ≤ x ≤ 143.9. Reject the negative value, 226. The width of the border is
p1q 0 1 143.9 4 inches.
x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2     5 71.95
If x 5 2(4) 5 8, the area of the border would be
y 5 20.0035(71.95)(71.95 2 143.9) ø 18.1 4x2 1 88x 5 4(8)2 1 88(8) 5 960 square inches. So,
Because the maximum height is the y-coordinate of the doubling the width requires more than twice as
vertex, the range is 0 ≤ y ≤ 18.1. much metal.
Algebra 2

5. 3x 2 2 7 5 231 6. 5x 2 1 33 5 3
5. a. Daily
revenue 5
Price
p
Sales 3x 2 5 224 5x 2 5 230
(dollars/slice) (slices) 2
x 5 28 x 2 5 26
(dollars)
} }
R(x) 5 (2 1 0.25x) p (80 2 5x) x 5 6Ï 28 
  x 5 6Ï26  
} }
R(x) 5 (0.25x 1 2)(25x 1 80) x 5 6iÏ 8 
  x 5 6iÏ6  
}
R(x) 5 0.25(x 1 8)(25)(x 2 16) x 5 62iÏ2  
R(x) 5 21.25(x 1 8)(x 2 16) 7. (9 2 i) 1 (26 1 7i) 5 [9 1 (26)] 1 (21 1 7)i
28 1 16
b. x 5 }
  2     5 4; when x 5 4, R is maximized. 5 3 1 6i
To maximize revenue, each slice of pizza should cost 8. (3 1 7i) 2 (8 2 2i) 5 (3 2 8) 1 [7 2 (22)]i
0.25(4) 1 2 5 $3. 5 25 1 9i
c. R(x) 5 (2 2 0.25x)(80 1 5x)
9. 24 2 (1 1 i) 2 (5 1 9i) 5 [(24 2 1)(i)] 2 (5 1 9i)
R(x) 5 (20.25x 1 2)(5x 1 80)
5 (25 2 i) 2 (5 1 9i)
R(x) 5 20.25(x 2 8)(5)(x 1 16)
5 (25 2 5) 1 (21 2 9)i
R(x) 5 21.25(x 2 8)(x 1 16)
8 1 (216) 5 210 2 10i
x 5 }
  2
   5 24; when x 5 24, R is maximized.
 
10. 5 1 3i 1 (27i) 5 5 2 4i
This means that there is no way to decrease the price The impedance of the circuit is 5 2 4i ohms.
and increase revenue. The only way to maximize
revenue is to increase the price to 20.25(24) 1 2 11. i(9 2 i) 5 9i 2 i 2
5 $3 per slice. This confirms the answer in part (b). 5 9i 2 (21)
6. New area 5 New length p New width 5 9i 1 1
(square feet) (feet) (feet) 5 1 1 9i
2(42)(8) 5 (42 1 x) p (8 1 x) 12. (3 1 i)(5 2 i) 5 15 2 3i 1 5i 2 i 2
2
672 5 336 1 50x 1 x 5 15 1 2i 2 (21)
0 5 x2 1 50x 2 336 5 15 1 2i 1 1
0 5 (x 1 56)(x 2 6) 5 16 1 2i
x 1 56 5 0 or x 2 6 5 0
5 5 12i
13.  }  1 1  i  p }
    5 }  1 2 i  

x 5 256 or x56 11i
5 2 5i
Reject the negative value, 256.  
5 }}     
1 2 i 1 i 2 i2
The value of x is 6 feet. 5 2 5i
5  }
1 2 (21)
   
7. Sample answer: y 5 2x 2 2 6x 2 7
5 2 5i
y 5 3x2 1 18x 1 29 5  } 2
     
5 5
y 5 25x2 2 30x 2 43 5  }2 2 }  2i  
Lesson 1.6 Perform Operations 5 1 2i 5 1 2i 3 1 2i

14.  } 5 }
    p }
 3 2 2i   3 1 2i  

3 2 2i
with Complex Numbers
15 1 10i 1 6i 1 4i 2
Guided Practice for the lesson “Perform  
5 }} 2 
  
  
9 1 6i 2 6i 2 4i
Operations with Complex Numbers” 15 1 16i 1 4(21)
1. x 2 5 213 2. x 2 5 238 5  }}   
9 2 4(21)
 
  
} }
x 5 6Ï213  x 5 6Ï 238  
  11 1 16i
} } 5  }
13
 
   
x 5 6iÏ13  x 5 6i Ï
  38  
11 16
3. x 2 1 11 5 3 4. x 2 2 8 5 236  13  1 }
5}  13  i
x 2 5 28 x 2 5 228
} }
x 5 6Ï28 
  x 5 6Ï 228  
} }
x 5 6iÏ 8 
  x 5 6iÏ 28  
} }
x 5 62iÏ 2 
  x 5 62iÏ 7  
Algebra 2

15. imaginary 5. z 2 1 8 5 4 6. s 2 2 22 5 2112
z 2 5 24 s 2 5 290
} }
z 5 6Ï 24    s 5 6Ï290  
i
real } }
21
z 5 6iÏ 4 
  s 5 6iÏ 90  
}
42i z 5 62i s 5 63iÏ10  
7. 2x 2 1 31 5 9 8. 9 2 4y 2 5 57
2
2x 5 222 24y 2 5 48
} }
•4 2 i •5 Ï

    42 1 1 21   5 Ï 17 
22     x 2 5 211 y 2 5 212
} }
x 5 6Ï 211 
  y 5 6Ï212  
16. imaginary } }
x 5 6iÏ 11 
  y 5 6iÏ 12  
}
y 5 62iÏ3  
i
9. 6t 2 1 5 5 2t 2 1 1 10. 3p 2 1 7 5 29p 2 1 4
21 real 2
4t 5 24 12p 2 5 23
3
23 2 4i t 2 5 21 p 2 5 2 }
12
   
} 1
•23 2 4i• 5 Ï
}}
1 23 22 1 1 24 
  22  5 Ï
25  5 5
}
t 5 6Ï 21 
  p 2 5 2 }4 
Î 1
}
}
17. imaginary t 5 6iÏ 1 
  p 5 6 2 }4   
2 1 5i
p 5 6iÎ}
}
1
t 5 6i  4    
i 1
p 5 6 }2 i
21 real
11. 25(n 2 3)2 5 10

(n 2 3)2 5 22
} }
•2 1 5i• 5 Ï 2 2
2 1 5  5 Ï 29  
 
n 2 3 5 6Ï 22  
}

18. imaginary
n 2 3 5 6iÏ 2  
}
}
n 5 36Ï 2 i 
i
real
12. (6 2 3i) 1 (5 1 4i) 5 (6 1 5) 1 (23 1 4)i
21
5 11 1 i
24i 13. (9 1 8i) 1 (8 2 9i) 5 (9 1 8) 1 (8 2 9)i

} }
5 17 2 i
•24i• 5 •0 1 (24i)•Ï 02 1 1 24 22   
5 Ï 16  5 4
14. (22 2 6i) 2 (4 2 6i) 5 (22 2 4) 1 [26 2 (26)]i
Exercises for the lesson “Perform Operations 5 26
with Complex Numbers”
15. (21 1 i) 2 (7 2 5i) 5 (21 2 7) 1 [1 2 (25)]i
Skill Practice
5 28 1 6i
1. The complex conjugate of a 2 bi is a 1 bi.
16. (8 1 20i) 2 (28 1 12i) 5 [8 2 (28)] 1 (20 2 12)i
2. Not every complex number is an imaginary number.
5 16 1 8i
A complex number can also be a real number. For
example, a 1 0i. 17. (8 2 5i) 2 (211 1 4i) 5 [8 2 (211)] 1 (25 2 4)i
2
3. x 5 228 2
4. r 5 2624 5 19 2 9i
} }
x 5 6Ï228  r 5 6Ï2624  
 
18. (10 2 2i) 1 (211 2 7i) 5 (10 2 11) 1 (22 2 7)i
} }
x 5 6iÏ 28  r 5 6iÏ 624  
 
5 21 2 9i
} }
x 5 62iÏ 7  r 5 64iÏ 39  
 
19. (14 1 3i) 1 (7 1 6i) 5 (14 1 7) 1 (3 1 6)i
5 21 1 9i
Algebra 2

4 1 9i 4 1 9i i
20. (21 1 4i) 1 (29 2 2i) 5 (21 2 9) 1 (4 2 2)i 31.  }
12i
 5 }
    p } i 
  12i   
5 210 1 2i
4i 1 9i 2
21. C; 5  }  
2   
12i
(2 1 3i) 2 (7 1 4i) 5 (2 2 7) 1 (3 2 4)i 4i 1 9(21)
  12(21)   
5}
 
5 25 2 i
22. 6i(3 1 2i) 5 18i 1 12i 2
4i 2 9
5  }
  
212
5 18i 1 12(21)
9 4i
5 212 1 18i 5  }
12
   2 }
 12   
23. 2i(4 2 8i) 5 24i 1 8i 2
3 1
5 24i 1 8(21)  4 2 }
5}  3  i
5 28 2 4i 7 1 4i 7 1 4i 2 1 3i
3 2
32.  }
2 2 3i
5 }
   p }
 2 2 3i    2 1 3i 
 
24. (1 2 i) 5 (1 2 i) (1 2 i)
5 (1 2 2i 1 i2)(1 2 i) 14 1 21i 1 8i 1 12i 2
 
5 }} 2 
  
  
4 1 6i 2 6i 2 9i
5 [1 2 2i 1 (21)](1 2 i)
14 1 29i 1 12i 2
5 (22i)(1 2 i) 5  }}
  
2   
4 2 9i
5 22i 1 2i2 14 1 29i 1 12(21)
5  }}   
4 2 9(21)
 
  
5 22i 1 2(21)
5 22i 2 2 2 1 29i
5  }
13

   
 
5 22 2 2i
2 29
25. (22 1 5i)(21 1 4i) 5 2 2 8i 2 5i 1 20i 2 5  }   1 }
 13  i
13
5 2 2 13i 1 20(21)
21 2 6i 21 2 6i 5 2 9i
5 218 2 13i 33.  }   
5 1 9i
 
5}  5 1 9i   p}
   5 2 9i 
 
26. (22i)4 5 (22)4(i)4 5 16(i2)2 5 16(21)2 5 16 25 1 9i 2 30i 1 54i 2

  2 
5  }}
  
27. (8 2 3i)(8 1 3i) 5 64 1 24i 2 24i 2 9i 2 25 2 45i 1 45i 2 81i
5 64 2 9i 2 25 2 21i 1 54i 2
5  }}
  
2   
25 2 81i
5 64 2 9(21)
25 2 21i 1 54(21)
5 73 5  }}   
  
25 2 81(21)
 
7i 7i 82i
28.  }     5  }    p }
 
  
259 2 21i
  106   
5}  
81i 81i 82i
56i 2 7i 2 59 21
 
5 }}  2 
   5 2 }   2 }
 106  i 
64 2 8i 1 8i 2 i 106
56i 2 7(21)
5  }
   34. imaginary 35. imaginary
64 2 (21) 25 1 3i
1 1 2i
56i 1 7
5  }
65
 
    i i
21 real 21 real
7 56
5  }
65
  1 }
 65 i
6i 6i 31i 22 2 5i 22 2 5i i 36. imaginary 37. imaginary

29.  }
32i
 3 2 i  p  }
    5 }
31i

   30.  }
3i
    5 }  p } i 
  3i   
4i
2i
18i 1 6i 2 22i 2 5i 2 22 real

 
5 }}       5  }    
 
9 1 3i 2 3i 2 i 2 3i 2 i
18i 1 6(21) 22i 2 5(21) 26i
21 real
5  }
9 2 (21)
  
  5  }3(21)
   
 
38. imaginary 39. imaginary
18i 2 6 22i 1 5
 
5}
   
 
10
 
5}  
   
23 2i 2i
22 real 22 real
6 18 5 2 27 2 i
5 2 }  1 }
 10 i 5 2 }3 1 }
 3  i 5 2 5i
10
3 9
5 2 }5 1 }
 5 i
Algebra 2

40. imaginary 41. imaginary
(10 1 4i) 2 (3 2 2i) (10 2 3) 1 (4 1 2)i
56.  }}  5 }}
  
       2 
2i
7
i (6 2 7i)(1 2 2i) 6 2 12i 2 7i 1 14i
22
22 real 1 real 7 1 6i
5  }}    
  
6 2 19i 1 14(21)
7 1 6i 28 1 19i
5  } p}
    
28 2 19i 28 1 19i
 
 
} }
42. •4 1 3i• 5 Ï
42 1 32  
5 Ï 25  5 5 256 1 133i 2 48i 1 114i 2
}} } 5  }}}
  2 
43. •23 1 10i• 5 Ï 2
(23) 1 10  5 Ï
109  2
    64 2 152i 1 152i 2 361i
}} }
44. •10 2 7i •5 Ï 2 2
10 1 (27)  5 Ï 149      256 1 85i 1 114i 2
}} }
5  }} 
  
2  
45. •21 2 6i• 5 Ï 2
(21) 1 (26)  5 Ï 37 
  
2
 
64 2 361i
} } 256 1 85i 1 114(21)
46. •28i• 5 •0 1 (28i)• 5 Ï 2
0 1 (28)  5 Ï64 5 8 2
    5  }}   
  
64 2 361(21)
 
} }
47. •4i• 5 •0 1 4i• 5 Ï 0 1 4  5 Ï
2 2
16 5 4
   
} 2170 1 85i
48. •24 1 i• 5 Ï 2
(24) 1 1  5 Ï
17  2
 
}
 
5  }
425
 
   
} } } } }
49. •7 1 7i• 5 Ï 2 2
  49 p Ï
7 1 7  5 Ï 98 5 Ï   2 5 7Ï2 
      2 1
5 2 }5 1 }
 5 i
50. B;
}
•9 1 12i• 5 Ï
}
92 1 122  
5 Ï 225  5 15 57. The expression is not written in standard form. The term
51. 28 2 (3 1 2i) 2 (9 2 4i) 5 28 2 3 2 2i 2 9 1 4i 22i 2 can be simplified using i 2 5 21.
5 (28 2 3 2 9) 1 (22 1 4)i (1 1 2i)(4 2 i) 5 4 2 i 1 8i 2 2i 2
5 220 1 2i 5 4 1 7i 2 2(21)
52. (3 1 2i) 1 (5 2 i) 1 6i 5 (3 1 5) 1 (2 2 1 1 6)i 5 6 1 7i
5 8 1 7i 58. The absolute value of a complex number z 5 a 1 bi,
53. 5i(3 1 2i)(8 1 3i) 5 (15i 1 10i 2)(8 1 3i) denoted •z• is a nonnegative real number defined as
}
5 (210 1 15i)(8 1 3i) •z• 5 Ï
a 2 1 b 2 . 
In 2 2 3i, a 5 2 and b 5 23.
}
Therefore,•2 2 3i• 5 Ï
} }
5 280 2 30i 1 120i 1 45i 2 22 1 (23)2  
5Ï 5Ï
4 1 9   13 . 
5 280 1 90i 1 45(21) 59. a. z 5 2 1 i
5 2125 1 90i z 1 za 5 0 z p zm 5 1

54. (1 2 9i)(1 2 4i)(4 2 3i) 5 (1 2 4i 2 9i 1 36i 2)(4 2 3i) 2 1 i 1 za 5 0 (2 1 i) p zm 5 1
5 [1 2 13i 1 36(21)](4 2 3i) 1 22i
za 5 22 2 i  2 1  i  p  }
zm 5 } 22i

  
5 (235 2 13i)(4 2 3i)
5 2140 1 105i 2 52i 1 39i 2  
zm 5 }}   2 
 
22i
5 2140 1 53i 1 39(21) 4 2 2i 1 2i 2 i
22i
5 2179 1 53i  4 2 (21)
zm 5 }    
(5 2 2i) 1 (5 1 3i) (5 1 5) 1 (22 1 3)i 22i
55.  }}
   5 }}
     (1 2 2) 1 (1   
   
1 4)i
  5   
zm 5 }  
(1 1 i) 2 (2 2 4i)
10 1 i 21 2 5i 2 1
5  }   p}
   
21 1 5i 21 2 5i

    5 2 }
zm 5 }  5 i
210 2 50i 2 i 2 5i2 b. z 5 5 2 i

 
5 }} 2 
  
  
1 1 5i 2 5i 2 25i z 1 za 5 0 z p zm 5 1
210 2 51i 2 5i 2
 
5 }}   
2    5 2 i 1 za 5 0 (5 2 i) p zm 5 1
1 2 25i
1 51i
210 2 51i 2 5(21) za 5 25 1 i  5 2  i  p  }
zm 5 } 51i

  
5  }}   
1 2 25(21)
 
  
51i
25 2 51i  
zm 5 }}   2 
 
  26   
5}   25 1 5i 2 5i 2 i
5 51 51i
5 2 }  2 }
 26  i  25 2 (21)
zm 5 }    
26
51i
  26   
zm 5 }  
5 1
 26   1 }
zm 5 }  26  i
Algebra 2

a 2 bi a 2 bi c 2 di
c. z 5 21 1 3i 64.  }  
5 } p }
 c 1 di    
  
c 1 di c 2 di
z 1 za 5 0
ac 2 adi 2 bci 1 bdi 2
21 1 3i 1 za 5 0 5  }}
2 2 2 
  
c 2 cdi 1 cdi 2 d i
za 5 1 2 3i ac 2 (ad 1 bc)i 1 bd(21)
 
5 }}    
  
z p zm 5 1 c 2 2 d 2(21)
(21 1 3i) p zm 5 1 (ac 2 bd) 2 (ad 1 bc)i
5  }}     
  
1 21 2 3i c 2 1 d2
zm 5 } p}
 21 1 3i   21 2 3i  
ac 2 bd ad 1 bc
  2
5} 2 }
2     2 i
2   
21 2 3i c 1d c 1d
 
zm 5 }}  2 
  
1 1 3i 2 3i 2 9i
21 2 3i Problem Solving
 1 2 9(21) 
zm 5 }   
65. Impedance of circuit 5 4 1 6i 2 9i
1 3 5 4 2 3i
zm 5 2 }
10
   2 }
 10    i
The impedance of the circuit is 4 2 3i ohms.
60. Sample answer: 3 2 5i and 4 1 5i; The imaginary parts 66. Impedance of circuit 5 14 1 7i 2 8i
are opposites.
5 14 2 i
a 1 bi a 1 bi c 2 di The impedance of the circuit is 14 2 i ohms.
61.  }  
5  }
c 1 di
p }
    
  
c 1 di c 2 di
67. Impedance of circuit 5 26i 1 12 2 10i 1 8i
5  }}
2 2 2 
   5 12 1 (26 2 10 1 8)i
c 2 cdi 1 cdi 2 d i
ac 2 (ad 2 bc)i 2 bd(21) 5 12 2 8i
 
5 }}    
   The impedance of the circuit is 12 2 8i ohms.
c 2 2 d 2(21)
(ac 1 bd) 2 (ad 2 bc)i 68. a. (5 1 i) 1 (1 1 4i) b. (27 1 3i ) 1 (2 2 2i)
5  }}     
  
c2 1 d2 imaginary imaginary
ac 1 bd ad 2 bc
  2
5} 2 }
     2 i
  
c 1 d2 c 1 d2 6 1 5i
a 2 bi a 2 bi c 1 di
62.  }  
5 } p }
 c 2 di    
   2
c 2 di c 1 di 4i 22i
ac 1 adi 2 bci 2 bdi 2 1 3i

i
5  }}     i
i 25 1 i
c 2 1 cdi 2 cdi 2 d 2i 2 21 real
21 5 real 27
ac 1 (ad 2 bc)i 2 bd(21)
5  }}    
  
c 2 2 d 2(21)
6 1 5i 25 1 i
(ac 1 bd) 1 (ad 2 bc)i
5  }}   
    c. (3 2 2i) 1 (21 2 i) d. (4 1 2i) 1 (25 2 3i)
c2 1 d2
ac 1 bd ad 2 bc imaginary imaginary
  2
5} 1 }
2     2 i
2  
i
3
c 1d c 1d
21 real
a 1 bi a 1 bi c 1 di 22i
63.  }  
5 } p }
 c 2 di    
   25
c 2 di c 1 di 2i
21 i 2i
2 2 3i 23i
5  }}     22 4 real
c 2 1 cdi 2 cdi 2 d 2i 2 21 2 i
ac 1 (ad 1 bc)i 1 bd(21)
 
5 }}    
  
c 2 2 d 2(21)
(ac 2 bd) 1 (ad 1 bc)i 2 2 3i 21 2 i
5  }}   
   
c2 1 d2 69.
ac 2 bd ad 1 bc
Powers of i i1 i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 i8
  2
5} 1 }
     2 i
  
c 1 d2 c 1 d2 Simplified
i 21 2i 1 i 21 2i 1
form
The pattern in the table is i, 21, 2i, 1, . . .

i 9 5 i 8 p i 5 (1)(i) 5 i
i 10 5 i 8 p i 2 5 (1)(21) 5 21
i 11 5 i 9 p i 2 5 (i )(21) 5 2i
i 12 5 i 10 p i 2 5 (21)(21) 5 1
Algebra 2

70. (4 2 2i) 1 (23 1 i) 5 [4 1 (23)] 1 (22 1 1)i 75. a. Z1 5 4 1 5i ohms
512i Z2 5 7 2 3i ohms
(23 1 i) 1 (4 2 2i) 5 (23 1 4) 1 [1 1 (22)]i Z1Z2 (4 1 5i)(7 2 3i)
512i Z 5  }   
Z 1Z
 (4 1 5i) 1 (7
5 }}    
  
2 3i)
1 2
71. [(7 2 2i)(i)](21 1 i) 5 (7i 2 2i2)(21 1 i) 28 2 12i 1 35i 2 15i 2
 
5 }} 11 1 2i
    
  
5 [(7i 2 2(21)](21 1 i)
28 1 23i 2 15(21)
5 (2 1 7i)(21 + i) 5  }}   
   
11 1 2i
5 22 1 2i 2 7i 1 7i2
43 1 23i 11 2 2i
5 22 – 5i 1 7(21) 5} p }
 11 1 2i    11 2 2i 
 
5 29 2 5i
473 2 86i 1 253i 2 46i 2
(7 2 2i)[(i)(21 1 i)] 5 (7 2 2i)(2i 1 i2) 5  }}2 
  
  
121 2 22i 1 22i 2 4i
5 (7 2 2i)[2i 1 (21)] 473 1 167i 2 46(21)
5  }}   
  
121 2 4(21)
 
5 (7 2 2i)(21 2 i)
5 27 2 7i 1 2i 1 2i2 519 1 167i
  125   
5}  
5 27 2 5i 1 2(21)
519 167
5 29 2 5i 5  }
125
  1 }
 125  i
72. Sample answer: 519 167
The impedance of the circuit is  }
125
  1 }
 125  i ohms.
22i[(3 1 i) 1 (5 1 i)] 5 22i(3 1 i) 1 (22i)(5 1 i)
5 (26i 2 2i2) 1 (210i 2 2i2) b. Z1 5 6 1 8i ohms
5 [26i 2 2(21)] 1 [210i 2 2(21)] Z2 5 10 2 11i ohms
5 (2 2 6i) 1 (2 2 10i) Z1Z2 (6 1 8i)(10 2 11i)
Z 5  }     (6 1 8i) 1 (10  
5 }}    
5 (2 1 2) 1 (26 2 10)i Z 1Z 1 2 2 11i)
5 4 2 16i 60 2 66i 1 80i 2 88i 2
 
5 }} 16 2 3i
    
  
22i[(3 1 i) 1 (5 1 i)] 5 22i[(3 1 5) 1 (1 1 1)i]
60 1 14i 2 88(21)
5 22i(8 1 2i) 5  }}   
   
16 2 3i
5 216i 2 4i2

148 1 14i 16 1 3i
5 216i 2 4(21) 5} p}
 
  16 2 3i     16 1 3i  

5 4 2 16i 2368 1 444i 1 224i 1 42i 2
5  }}}2 
  
  
73. (a 1 bi) 1 (c 1 di) 5 (a 1 c) 1 (b 1 d )i 256 1 48i 2 48i 2 9i
5 (c 1 a) 1 (d 1 b)i 2368 1 668i 1 42(21)
5  }}    
  
256 2 9(21)

5 (c 1 di) 1 (a 1 bi)
} } 2326 1 668i
74. Ï24  p Ï
225  5 (2i)(5i) 5 10i 2 5 10(21) 5 210   265   
5}  
}
Ï 100 5 10  
} } } 2326 668
a p Ï
The rule Ï   b 5 Ï
  ab  does not hold when a and b are 5  }
265
1 }
    265   i
negative numbers.
2326 668
The impedance of the circuit is  }
265
1  }
  
265
  i ohms.
Algebra 2

c. Z1 5 3 1 i ohms c. Let F(z) 5 z2 1 1 1 i.
Z2 5 4 2 6i ohms z0 5 2i •z0• 5 2
Z1Z2 (3 1 i)(4 2 6i) z1 5 f (2i) 5 (2i)2 1 1 1 i 5 23 1 i
Z 5  }     (3 1 i) 1 (4  
5 }}    
Z 1Z 1 2 2 6i) •z1• ø 3.16
12 2 18i 1 4i 2 6i 2 z2 5 f (23 1 i) 5 (23 1 i)2 1 1 1 i
 
5 }} 7 2 5i
     
5 9 2 5i
12 2 14i 2 6(21)
5  }}
  
    •z2• ø 10.3
7 2 5i 2
z3 5 f(9 2 5i) 5 (9 2 5i) 1 1 1 i
18 2 14i 7 1 5i
5} p}
 
  7 2 5i     7 1 5i  
5 57 2 89i
126 1 90i 2 98i 2 70i 2 •z3• ø 105.69
5  }}
  
  2 
49 1 35i 2 35i 2 25i z4 5 f (57 2 89i) 5 (57 2 89i)2 1 1 1 i
126 2 8i 2 70(21) 5 24671 2 10,145i
5  }}   
  
49 2 25(21)
 
•z4• ø 11,168.67
196 2 8i
 
5}  
   
74
Because the absolute values are becoming infinitely
large, z0 5 2i does not belong to the Julia set.
98 4
5  }
37
 2 }
 37  i d. Let F(z) 5 z2 1 1 1 i.
98 4 z0 5 2 1 3i •z0• ø 3.61
The impedance of the circuit is  } 2 }
 37  i  ohms. 2
37 z1 5 f (2 1 3i) 5 (2 1 3i) 1 1 1 i
5 24 1 13i
76. a. Let f (z) 5 z2 1 1 1 i.
•z1• ø 13.6
z0 5 i •z 0• 5 1
z2 5 f (24 1 13i) 5 (24 1 13i)2 1 1 1 i
z1 5 f (i) 5 i 2 1 1 1 i 5 i •z1• 5 1
5 2152 2 103i
z2 5 f (i) 5 i 2 1 1 1 i 5 i •z2• 5 1
z3 5 f (i) 5 i 2 1 1 1 i 5 i
•z2• ø 183.61
•z3• 5 1
z3 5 f(2152 2 103i) 5 (2152 2 103i)2 1 1 1 i
z4 5 f (i) 5 i 2 1 1 1 i 5 i •z4• 5 1
5 12,496 1 31,313i
Because the absolute values are all less than some
fixed number, z0 5 i belongs to the Julia set. •z3• ø 33,714.30
2
b. Let F(z) 5 z 1 1 1 i. Because the absolute values are becoming infinitely
large, z0 5 2 1 3i does not belong to the Julia set.
z0 5 1 •z0• 5 1
2
z1 5 f (1) 5 1 1 1 1 i 5 2 1 i •z1• ø 2.24 Lesson 1.7 Complete the Square
z2 5 f (2 1 i) 5 (2 1 i)2 1 1 1 i
Investigating Algebra Activity for the lesson
5 4 1 5i “Complete the Square”
•z2• ø 6.4 1.
2
z3 5 f (4 1 5i) 5 (4 1 5i) 1 1 1 i
Completing the Square
5 28 1 41i
Number of 1-tiles Expression
•z3• ø 41.77
2 Expression needed to complete written as a
z4 5 f (28 1 41i) 5 (28 1 41i) 1 1 1 i the square square
5 21616 2 655i
x 2 1 2x 1 1
•z4• ø 1743.7 x 2 1 2x 1 ? 1
5 (x 1 1)2
Because the absolute values are becoming infinitely x 2 1 4x 1 4
large, z0 5 1 does not belong to the Julia set. x 2 1 4x 1 ? 4
5 (x 1 2)2
x 2 1 6x 1 9
x 2 1 6x 1 ? 9
5 (x 1 3)2
x 2 1 8x 1 16
x 2 1 8x 1 ? 16
5 (x 1 4)2
x 2 1 10x 1 25
x 2 1 10x 1 ? 25
5 (x 1 5)2
Algebra 2

2. a. The value of d is one half the value of b. 9. 2n 2 2 4n 2 14 5 0
b. The value of c is the square of the value of d. n 2 2 2n 2 7 5 0
c. You can multiply the value of b by one half and then n 2 2 2n 5 7
square the result.
n 2 2 2n 1 1 5 7 1 1
Guided Practice for the lesson “Complete the (n 2 1)2 5 8
Square” n 2 1 5 6Ï 8  
}
1. x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 36
}
n 5 1 6 Ï 8  
(x 1 3)2 5 36
}
n 5 1 6 2Ï 2  
} }
x 1 3 5 66 The solutions are 1 1 2Ï 2  and 1 2 2Ï 2  .
x 5 23 6 6
10. 3x 2 1 12x 2 18 5 0
The solutions are 23 1 6 5 3 and 23 2 6 5 29.
x 2 1 4x 2 6 5 0
2. x 2 2 10x 1 25 5 1
x 2 1 4x 5 6
(x 2 5)2 5 1 2
x 1 4x 1 4 5 6 1 4
x 2 5 5 61
(x 1 2)2 5 10
x5561 }
x 1 2 5 6Ï 10  
The solutions are 5 1 1 5 6 and 5 2 1 5 4. }
2 x 5 22 6 Ï
10  
3. x 2 24x 1 144 5 100 } }
The solutions are 22 1 Ï
10  and 22 2 Ï
10 . 
(x 2 12)2 5 100
x 2 12 5 610 11. 6x(x 1 8) 5 12
x 5 12 6 10 6x 2 1 48x 5 12
The solutions are 12 1 10 5 22 and 12 2 10 5 2. x 2 1 8x 5 2
4. x 2 1 14x 1 c x 2 1 8x 1 16 5 2 1 16
(x 1 4) 2 5 18
c 5 1 }
14 2
 2   2 5 72 5 49 }
x 1 4 5 63Ï 2  
2 2 }
x 1 14x 1 49 5 (x 1 7)(x 1 7) 5 (x 1 7) x 5 24 6 3Ï 2  
} }
5. x 2 1 22x 1 c The solutions are 24 1 3Ï 2  and 24 2 3Ï2 . 

12. 4p( p 2 2) 5 100
c 5 1 }
22 2
 2   2 5 112 5 121
4 p2 2 8p 5 100
x 2 1 22x 1 121 5 (x 1 11)(x 1 11) 5 (x 1 11)2 p 2 2 2p 5 25
2
6. x 2 9x 1 c p 2 2 2p 1 1 5 25 1 1
c 5 } 1  2
29 2
  2      5 }
81
 4   ( p 2 1)2 5 26
}
p 2 1 5 6Ï 26  
x 2 2 9x 1 }
81
 4  5 x 2 }
9
1 
 2  x 2 }
9
21  2 1 
 2  5 x 2 }
9 2
 2  2 p516Ï
26  
}
} }
7. x 2 1 6x 1 4 5 0 The solutions are 1 1 Ï
26  and 1 2 Ï
26  .
x 2 1 6x 5 24 13. y 5 x 2 2 8x 1 17
2
x 1 6x 1 9 5 24 1 9 y 1 16 5 (x2 2 8x 1 16) 1 17
2
(x 1 3) 5 5 y 1 16 5 (x 2 4)2 1 17
}
x 1 3 5 6Ï5    y 5 (x 2 4)2 1 1
}
x 5 23 6 Ï
5    The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 2 4)2 1 1.
} }
5  and 23 2 Ï
5 .   The vertex is (4, 1).
8. x 2 2 10x 1 8 5 0 14. y 5 x 2 1 6x 1 3
x 2 2 10 5 28 y 1 9 5 (x2 1 6x 1 9) 1 3
2
x 2 10x 1 25 5 28 1 25 y 1 9 5 (x 1 3)2 1 3
(x 2 5)2 5 17 y 5 (x 1 3)2 2 6
}
x 2 5 5 6Ï17   
The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 1 3)2 2 6.
}
x556Ï
17    The vertex is (23, 26).
} }
17 and 5 2 Ï
17 . 
 
Algebra 2

15. f (x) 5 x 2 2 4x 2 4 8. x 2 2 18x 1 81 5 5
f (x) 1 4 5 (x 2 2 4x 1 4) 2 4 (x 2 9)2 5 5
}
f (x) 1 4 5 (x 2 2)2 2 4 x 2 9 5 6Ï 5  
f (x) 5 (x 2 2)2 2 8
}
x596Ï
5  
The vertex form of the function is f (x) 5 (x 2 2)2 2 8.
} }
5  and 9 2 Ï
5 . 
The vertex is (2, 28).
9. t 2 1 8t 1 16 5 45
16. y 5 216(t 2 2 5t) 1 2 (t 1 4)2 5 45
}
y 5 216t 2 1 80t 1 2 t 1 4 5 63Ï 5  
}
t 5 24 6 3Ï 5  
25
1  2 1  25
 4    5 216 t 2 2 5t 1 }
y 5 (216) } 2
 4    1 2
The solutions are 24 1 3Ï 5  and 24 2 3Ï5 . 
} }
y 2 100 5 2161 t 2 }
5 2
 2  2 1 2 10. 4u 2 1 4u 1 1 5 75
(2u 1 1)2 5 75
y 5 2161 t 2  }2  2 1 102
5 2
}
2u 1 1 5 65Ï 3  
}
The vertex is 1 }
5
 2 , 102 2, so the maximum height of the 2u 5 21 6 5Ï 3  
}
1 5Ï 3  
baseball is 102 feet. u 5 2 }2 6 }
  2   
 
} }
Exercises for the lesson “Complete the 1 5Ï3   1 5Ï 3  
The solutions are 2 }2 1 }
  2   
 and 2 }2 2 }
  2   
. 
Square”
Skill Practice 11. 9x 2 2 12x 1 4 5 23
1. A binomial is the sum of two monomials and a trinomial (3x 2 2)2 5 23
}
is the sum of three monomials. 3x 2 2 5 6Ï 23  
}
2. For an expression of the form x 2 1 bx, you complete the 3x 5 2 6 Ï 23  
}
square by first finding half of b and squaring the result. 3x 5 2 6 i Ï
3  
Then you add the result to the expression. }
2 iÏ 3  
2
3. x 1 4x 1 4 5 9 x 5  }3 6 }
  3    
(x 1 2)2 5 9 2 iÏ3  
}
2
}
iÏ 3  
The solutions are  }3 1 }
  3    and }
 3 2  } . 
  
x 1 2 5 63 3
x 5 22 6 3 12. A;
The solutions are 22 1 3 5 1 and 22 2 3 5 25. x 2 2 4x 1 4 5 21
4. x 2 1 10x 1 25 5 64 (x 2 2)2 5 21
}
(x 1 5)2 5 64 x 2 2 5 6Ï 21  
}
x 1 5 5 68 x526Ï
21  
x 5 25 6 8 x526i
The solutions are 25 1 8 5 3 and 25 2 8 5 213. 2
13. x 1 6x 1 c
5. n 2 1 16n 1 64 5 36
c 5 1 }
6 2
 2  2 5 32 5 9
(n 1 8)2 5 36
n 1 8 5 66 x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 (x 1 3)(x 1 3) 5 (x 1 3)2
n 5 28 6 6 14. x 2 1 12x 1 c
c 5 1 }
12 2
 2   2 5 62 5 36
6. m 2 2 2m 1 1 5 144
(m 2 1)2 5 144 x 2 1 12x 1 36 5 (x 1 6)(x 1 6) 5 (x 1 6)2
m 2 1 5 612 15. x 2 2 24x 1 c
m 5 1 6 12
c 5 1 }
224 2
  2 5 (212)2 5 144
  2   
7. x2 2 22x 1 121 5 13 x 2 2 24x 1 144 5 (x 2 12)(x 2 12) 5 (x 2 12)2
(x 2 11)2 5 13 16. x 2 2 30x 1 c
}
x 2 11 5 6Ï13  
c 5 1 }
230 2
}   2 5 (215)2 5 225
  2   
x 5 11 6 Ï
13  
} }
The solutions are 11 1 Ï 13  and 11 2 Ï
13  . x 2 2 30x 1 225 5 (x 2 15)(x 2 15) 5 (x 2 15)2
Algebra 2

17. x 2 2 2x 1 c 25. x 2 1 12x 1 18 5 0
x 2 1 12x 5 218
c 5 1 }
22 2
  2     2 5 (21)2 5 1
2
x 1 12x 1 36 5 218 1 36
x 2 2 2x 1 1 5 (x 2 1)(x 2 1) 5 (x 2 1)2 (x 1 6)2 5 18
2 }
18. x 1 50x 1 c x 1 6 5 6Ï 18  
}
c 5 1 }
50 2
 2   2 5 252 5 625 x 5 26 6 Ï
18  
}
2 2
x 5 26 6 3Ï 2  
x 1 50x 1 625 5 (x 1 25)(x 1 25) 5 (x 1 25) } }
2
19. x 1 7x 1 c
26. x 2 2 18x 1 86 5 0
7 2
c 5 } 1  2 49
 2   5 }
 4   x 2 2 18x 5 286
2
x 2 18x 1 81 5 286 1 81
 4  5 1 x 1 }
 2  21 x 1 }
 2  25 1 x 1 }
49 7 7 7 2
x 2 1 7x 1 }  2  2 (x 2 9)2 5 25
}
20. x 2 2 13x 1 c x 2 9 5 6Ï 25  
}
x596Ï
25  
c 5  }
2 1 
213 2
   2
169
   5 }
  4    
x 5 9 6 iÏ5  
}
} }
  4    5 1 x 2 }
 2   21 x 2 }
 2   25 1 x 2 }
13 2 The solutions are 9 1 iÏ5  and 9 2 iÏ 5  .
 2   2
169 13 13
x 2 2 13x 1 }
27. x 2 2 2x 1 25 5 0
21. x 2 2 x 1 c
x 2 2 2x 5 225
1 2
c 5 2} 1  2 1
 2   5 }
 4  x 2 2 2x 1 1 5 225 1 1
(x 2 1)2 5 224
2 1 1
 4 5 x 2 }
x 2 x 1 } 1  21 
1
 2   x 2 } 2 1  1 2
 2   5 x 2 }
 2   2
}
x 21 5 6Ï 224  
}
22. x 2 1 4x 5 10 x 5 1 6Ï224  
}
x 2 1 4x 1 4 5 10 1 4 x 5 1 6 2iÏ 6  
} }
(x 1 2)2 5 14 The solutions are 1 1 2iÏ6  and 1 2 2iÏ 6  .
2k 2 1 16k 5 212
}
x 1 2 5 6Ï14   28.

k 2 1 8k 5 26
}
x 5 22 6 Ï
14   
} } 2
14  and 22 2 Ï
14 .   k 1 8k 1 16 5 26 1 16
23. x 2 1 8x 5 21 (k 1 4)2 5 10
}
x 2 1 8x 1 16 5 21 1 16 k 1 4 5 6Ï 10  
}
(x 1 4)2 5 15 k 5 24 6 Ï
10  
} }
x 1 4 5 6Ï15  
}
10  and 24 2 Ï
10 . 
x 5 24 6 Ï
15  
}
29. 3x 2 1 42x 5 224
15  and 24 2 Ï
}
15 .
}
 
x 2 1 14x 5 28
x 2 1 14x 1 49 5 28 1 49
24. x 2 1 6x 2 3 5 0
(x 1 7)2 5 41
x 2 1 6x 5 3 }
x 1 7 5 6Ï 41  
x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 3 1 9 }
x 5 27 6 Ï
41  
(x 1 3)2 5 12 } }
} The solutions are 27 1 Ï
41 and 27 2 Ï
  41 . 
x 1 3 5 6Ï12  
}
x 5 23 6 Ï
12  
}
x 5 23 6 2Ï3  
} }
Algebra 2

30. 4x 2 2 40x 2 12 5 0 34. C;
2
x 2 10x 2 3 5 0 x 2 1 10x 1 8 5 25
2
x 2 10x 5 3 x 2 1 10x 5 213
2
2
x 2 10x 1 25 5 3 1 25 x 1 10x 1 25 5 213 1 25
(x 2 5)2 5 28 (x 1 5)2 5 12
}
x 2 5 5 6Ï28  
}
x 1 5 5 6Ï 12  
}
x556Ï
28  
}
x 5 25 6 Ï
12  
}
x 5 5 6 2Ï 7  
} x 5 25 6 2Ï 3  
} } 35. Area of rectangle 5 lw 5 50
The solutions are 5 1 2Ï 7  and 5 2 2Ï 7  .
(x 1 10)(x) 5 50
31. 3s 2 1 6s 1 9 5 0
x 2 1 10x 5 50
s 2 1 2s 1 3 5 0
x 2 1 10x 1 25 5 50 1 25
s 2 1 2s 5 23
2 (x 1 5)2 5 75
4s 1 2s 1 1 5 23 1 1 }
x 1 5 5 6Ï 75  
(s 1 1)2 5 22 }
} x 5 25 6 Ï
75  
s 1 1 5 6Ï22   }
} x 5 25 6 5Ï 3  
s 5 21 6 Ï
22   }
} The value of x is 25 1 5Ï3 . 
s 5 21 6 i Ï 2  
} } 36. Area of parallelogram 5 bh 5 48
The solutions are 21 1 iÏ2  and 21 2 iÏ 2 . 
(x 1 6)(x) 5 48
32. 7t 2 1 28t 1 56 5 0
x 2 1 6x 5 48
t 2 1 4t 1 8 5 0
x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 48 1 9
t 2 1 4t 5 28
2
(x 1 3)2 5 57
t 1 4t 1 4 5 28 1 4 }
x 1 3 5 6Ï 57  
(t 1 2)2 5 24 }
} x 5 23 6 Ï57  
t 1 2 5 6Ï24   }
} The value of x is 23 1 Ï
57 . 
t 5 22 6 Ï
24  
1
37. Area of triangle 5 }
 2  bh 5 40
t 5 22 6 2i
The solutions are 22 1 2i and 22 2 2i. 1
 }2 (x)(x 1 4) 5 40
33. 6r 2 1 6r 1 12 5 0  }2 x(x 1 4) 5 40
1
r 2 1 r 1 2 5 0
1
r 2 1 r 5 22  }2 x 2 1 2x 5 40
1 1 x 2 1 4x 5 80
r2 1 r 1 }
 4 5 22 1 }
 4 
x 2 1 4x 1 4 5 80 1 4
1 2
1  7
 2   5 2 }4 
r 1 } 2 (x 1 2)2 5 84
}
x 1 2 5 6Ï84  
Î
}
1 7 }
r 1  }2 5 6 2 }4    x 5 22 6 Ï
84  
Î
}
1
}
7 x 5 22 6 2Ï 21  
r 5 2 }2 6 2 }4    }
The value of x is 22 1 2Ï21 . 
}
1 iÏ 7  
r 5 2 }2 6 }
  2    
} }
1 iÏ7   1 iÏ
7  
The solutions are 2 }2 1 }
  2    and 2 }2 2 }
  2   . 
Algebra 2

1
38. Area of trapezoid 5  }2 (b1 1 b2)h 5 20 44. y 5 x 2 1 20x 1 90
1 y 1 100 5 (x 2 1 20x 1 100) 1 90
 }2 (x 1 9 1 3x 2 1)(x) 5 20
y 1 100 5 (x 1 10)2 1 90
1
 } x(4x 1 8) 5 20 2 y 5 (x 1 10) 2 2 10
2
2x 1 4x 5 20 The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 1 10)2 2 10. The
2
x 1 2x 5 10 vertex is (210, 210).
2
x 1 2x 1 1 5 10 1 1 45. f (x) 5 x 2 2 3x 1 4
(x 1 1)2 5 11
 4 5 1 x 2 2 3x 1 }
 4  21 4
9 9
} f (x) 1 }
x 1 1 5 6Ï 11  
}
 4 5 1 x 2 }
x 5 21 6 Ï 11   3 2
 2  2 1 4
9
} f (x) 1 }
The value of x is 21 1 Ï
11 . 
f (x) 5 1 x 2 }
3 2
 2  2 1 }
7
39. h 5 216t 2 1 89.6t  4 
h 5 216 (t 2 2 5.6t)
The vertex form of the function is f (x) 5 1 x 2 }
3 2
 2  2 1 }
7
h 1 (216)(7.84) 5 216 (t 2 2 5.6t 1 7.84)  4 .
h 2 125.44 5 216(t 2 2.8)2
The vertex is 1 }

 4  2.
3 7
 2 , }
h 5 216(t 2 2.8)2 1 125.44
The vertex of the function’s graph is (2.8, 125.44). 46. g(x) 5 x 2 1 7x 1 2
This means that at 2.8 seconds, the water will reach its
 4  5 1 x 2 1 7x 1 }
 4   21 2
49 49
maximum height of 125.44 feet. g(x) 1 }
40. y 5 0.0085x 2 2 1.5x 1 120
 4  5 1 x 1 }
49 7 2
y 5 0.0085(x 2 2 176.47x) 1 120 g(x) 1 }  2  2 1 2
y 1 (0.0085)(7785.42)
g(x) 5 1 x 1 }
7 2
 2  2 2 }
41
 4  
5 0.0085(x 2 2 176.47x 1 7785.42) 1 120
y 1 66.18 5 0.0085(x 2 88.24)2 1 120
The vertex form of the function is g(x) 5 1 x 1 }
7 2
 2  2 2 }
41
 4  .
y 5 0.0085(x 2 88.24)2 1 53.82
The vertex is 1 2}
7
42
The vertex of the function’s graph is (88.24, 53.82). This 41
 2 , 2 }    .
means that when you walk about 88.24 meters per minute,

your rate of energy use will reach a minimum of 53.82 47. y 5 2x 2 1 24x 1 25
calories per minute.
y 5 2(x 2 1 12x) 1 25
41. y 5 x 2 2 8x 1 19
y 1 (2)(36) 5 2(x 2 1 12x 1 36) 1 25
y 1 16 5 (x 2 2 8x 1 16) 1 19
y 1 72 5 2(x 1 6)2 1 25
y 1 16 5 (x 2 4)2 1 19
y 5 2(x 1 6)2 2 47
y 5 (x 2 4)2 1 3
The vertex form of the function is y 5 2(x 1 6)2 2 47.
The vertex is (4, 3). The vertex is (26, 247).
2
42. y 5 x 2 4x 2 1 48. y 5 5x 2 1 10x 1 7
y 1 4 5 1 x 2 2 4x 1 4 22 1 y 5 51 x 2 1 2x 21 7
2
y 1 4 5 (x 2 2) 2 1 y 1 (5)(1) 5 51 x 2 1 2x 1 1 21 7
2
y 5 (x 2 2) 2 5 y 1 5 5 5(x 1 1)2 1 7
2
The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 2 2) 2 5. y 5 5(x 1 1)2 1 2
43. y 5 x 2 1 12x 1 37 The vertex is (21, 2).
y 1 36 5 (x 2 1 12x 1 36) 1 37 49. y 5 2x 2 2 28x 1 99
2
y 1 36 5 (x 1 6) 1 37 y 5 2(x 2 2 14x) 1 99
2
y 5 (x 1 6) 1 1 y 1 (2)(49) 5 2(x 2 2 14x 1 49) 1 99
2
The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 1 6) 1 1. y 1 98 5 2(x 2 7)2 1 99
y 5 2(x 2 7)2 1 1
Algebra 2

}
50. The error was made when simplifying Ï12  in the 54. 7q 2 1 10q 5 2q 2 1 155
last step. 5q 2 1 10q 5 155
} } } }
  4  p Ï 3  5 2Ï3  
Ï 12 5 Ï q 2 1 2q 5 31
2
x 1 10x 1 13 5 0 q 2 1 2q 1 1 5 31 1 1
2
x 1 10x 5 213 (q 1 1)2 5 32
2 }
x 1 10x 1 25 5 213 1 25 q 1 1 5 6Ï 32  
(x 1 5)2 5 12 q 5 21 6 4Ï 2  
}
}
x 1 5 5 6Ï 12   
The solutions are 21 1 4Ï 2 and 21 2 4Ï2 . 
}
 
}
}
x 5 25 6 Ï
12   
} 55. 3x 2 1 x 5 2x 2 6
x 5 25 6 2Ï 3   
3x 2 2 x 5 26
51. The method of completing the square was done incorrectly. 1
Because 4(9), or 36, is added to the left side, it must also x2 2 }
 3 x 5 22
be added to the right side.
1 1 1
4x 2 1 24x 2 11 5 0 x2 2 }
 3 x 1 }
 36  5 22 1 }
 36   
4(x 2 1 6x) 5 11
1 x 2 }
1 2 71
 6  2 5 2 }
36
  
4(x 1 6x 1 9) 5 11 1 36
2
Î
}
4(x 1 3)2 5 47 1 71
 6 5 6 2 }
x2} 36
    
47
(x 1 3)2 5 }
 4   1 iÏ
}
71  
x 5  }6 6 }  
  6   
}
Ï
47 } }
x 1 3 5 6  }
4
     1 iÏ71   1 iÏ71  
The solutions are  }6 1 }
  6   
 and }
 6 2  }
6
. 
   
}
Ï 47  
  2   
x 5 23 6 }  
56. 0.1x 2 2 x 1 9 5 0.2x
52. x 2 1 9x 1 20 5 0 0.1x 2 2 1.2x 5 29
x 2 1 9x 5 220 x 2 2 12x 5 290
2
81 81 x 2 12x 1 36 5 290 1 36
x 2 1 9x 1 }
 4  5 220 1 }
 4  
(x 2 6)2 5 254
}
1 x 1 }
2
 2  2 5 }
9
 4 
1 x 2 6 5 6Ï 254  
}
x 5 6 6 3iÏ 6  
Î
}
9 1 } }
 2 5 6  }4   
x1} The solutions are 6 1 3iÏ6  and 6 2 3i Ï
6 . 
9 1 57. 0.4v 2 1 0.7v 5 0.3v 2 2

x 5 2 }2 6 }
 2 
0.4v2 1 0.4v 5 22
The solutions are 24 and 25. v 2 1 v 5 25
1 1
53. x 2 1 3x 1 14 5 0 v 2 1 v 1 }
 4 5 25 1 }
 4 
x 2 1 3x 5 214
1 v 1 }
1 2 19
 2  2 5 2 }
4
  
2 9 9
x 1 3x 1 }
 4 5 214 1 }
 4 
Î
}
1 19
 2 5 6 2 }
v1}     
1 x 1 }
2 4
 2  2 5 2 }
3 47
  
4 }
1 iÏ 19  
Î
} v 5 2 }2 6 }
  2   
 
3 47
 2 5 6 2 }
x1} 4
     } }
1 iÏ 19   1 iÏ 19  
} The solutions are 2 }2 1 }
  2   
 and 2 }2 2 }
  2   
. 
3 i Ï 47  
x 5 2 }2 6 }
  2   
 
} } 58. Sample answer: x 2 1 6x 5 1
3 iÏ47   3 iÏ47  
The solutions are 2 }2 1  }
2
 and 2 }2 2  }
   
2
. 
   
Algebra 2

59. a. y y 63. h 5 216t 2 1 48t 1 4
h 5 216(t 2 2 3t) 1 4
h 1 (216)1 }
 4  25 2161 t 2 2 3t 1 }
 4  21 4
1 9 9
1 y 5 (x 1 1)2
21 x
h 2 36 5 2161 t 2 }
3 2
 2  2 1 4
1 x
y 5 x2 1 2x y 5 (x 1 2)2
h 5 2161 t 2 }
3 2
y 5 x2 1 4x  2  2 1 40
y
y 5 (x 2 3)2
The maximum height of the volleyball is 40 feet.
6
64. y 5 (70 2 x)(50 1 x)
y 5 3500 1 70x 2 50x 2 x 2
21 x
y 5 x 2 2 6x y 5 3500 1 20x 2 x 2
y 5 2x 2 1 20x 1 3500
y 5 2(x 2 2 20x) 1 3500
b. When you complete the square, there is a vertical y 1 (21)(100) 5 2(x 2 2 20x 1 100) 1 3500
y 2 100 5 2(x 2 10)2 1 3500
translation of the graph of y 5 x 2 1 bx, 1 }
b 2
 2  2 units up.
y 5 2(x 2 10)2 1 3600
60. 1 real solution: k 5 0 The shop can maximize weekly revenue by decreasing the
2 real solutions: k > 0 price per skateboard by $10. With this decrease in price,
2 imaginary solutions: k < 0 the weekly revenue will be $3600.
65. y 5 (200 1 10x)(40 2 x)
61. x 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 y 5 8000 2 200x 1 400x 2 10x 2
x 2 1 bx 5 2c y 5 8000 1 200x 2 10x 2
x 2 1 bx 1 1 }
 2  2 5 2c 1 1 }
b 2 b 2
 2  2 y 5 210x 2 1 200x 1 8000
y 5 210(x 2 2 20x) 1 8000
1 x 1 }
b 2 b2
 2  2 5 }
 4  2 c y 1 (210)(100) 5 210(x 2 2 20x 1 100) 1 8000

b
}
b2 y 2 1000 5 210(x 2 10)2 1 8000
x 1  } 5 6  }  2 c  
2
4 y 5 210(x 2 10)2 1 9000
Î
}
b b2 The store can maximize monthly revenue by increasing the
x 5 2 } 6 }
    2 c  

2 4 price per video game system by 10x 5 10(10) 5 $100. With
x 5 2  6 Î
}
b b 2 2 4c this increase in price, the monthly revenue will be $9000.
 } 
2
}    
   
4
} 66. a. y 5 20.0110x 2 1 1.23x 1 5.50
b Ï b 2 2 4c  
x 5 2 }2 6 }
  2      y 5 20.0110(x2 2 111.82x) 1 5.50
} y 1 (20.0110)(3125.93)
2b 6 Ï
b 2 4c  2
x 5  }}
2
       5 20.0110(x 2 2 111.82x)
1 3125.93 1 5.50
Problem Solving y 2 34.39 5 20.0110(x 2 55.91)2 1 5.50
62. h 5 216t 2 1 32t 1 6 y 5 20.0110(x 2 55.91)2 1 39.89
h 5 2161 t 2 2 2t 21 6 b.
h 1 (216)(1) 5 2161 t 2 2 2t 1 1 21 6 x 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
2
h 2 16 5 216(t 2 1) 1 6 y 5.50 16.71 25.71 32.51 37.11 39.51 39.71
h 5 216(t 2 1)2 1 22
The maximum height of the baton is 22 feet. x 70 80 90 100 110 120
y 37.71 33.51 27.11 18.51 7.71 25.29
Algebra 2

}
Ï
c. y 200 49 7
y 5 20.0110(x 2 55.91)2 1 39.89 6  }   1 }
 4   5  2 
 x 1 }
40 9π
2 }2 6 Î
}
7 200 49
32 }
 9π   1 }
 4   5 x
 
Height (ft)
24 23.5 6 4.4 ø x
16 Reject the negative value, 23.5 2 4.4, or 27.9.
The pencil holder should have a thickness of about
8 0.9 centimeter.
0
0 24 48 72 96 120 x Quiz for the lessons “Solve Quadratic
Horizontal position (ft) Equations by Finding Square Roots”, “
Perform
The maximum height of the softball is 39.89 feet. Operations with Complex Numbers” and
The ball travels a distance of 116.13 feet. “Complete the Square”
67. a. Area of eating section 5 lw 1. 4x 2 5 64 2. 3( p 2 1)2 5 15
1500 5 x(120 2 2x) x 5 16 ( p 2 1)2 5 5
2
} }
b. x(120 2 2x) 5 1500 x 5 6Ï 16 
  p 2 1 5 6Ï5  
120x 2 2x 2 5 1500
}
x 5 64 p516Ï
5  
22x 2 1 120x 5 1500
3. 16(m 1 5)2 5 8 4. 22z 2 5 424
x 2 2 60x 5 2750
2 1
x 2 60x 1 900 5 2750 1 900 (m 1 5)2 5 }
 2  z 2 5 2212
(x 2 30)2 5 150
Î
}
1 }
} m 1 5 5 6 }
 2  
  z 5 6Ï2212  
x 2 30 5 6Ï 150   }
Ï
1 }
x 5 30 6 5Ï6  
}
m 5 25 6 }
 2  
  z 5 6 iÏ 212  
}
You must reject 30 2 5Ï 6 ,  or about 17.75. This }
Ï 2   }
value of x gives a length of about 84.5 feet. A length of m 5 25 6  }
2
    z 5 6 2i Ï
53  
84.5 feet is not possible because the side of the school
5. s 2 1 12 5 9
is 70 feet.
} s 2 5 23
c. Width 5 120 2 21 30 1 5Ï 6   2ø 35.51 }
} s 5 6Ï 23  
Length 5 30 1 5Ï 6  ø 42.25
}
s 5 6 iÏ3  
The dimensions of the eating section are 35.51 feet by
42.25 feet. 6. 7x 2 2 4 5 26
68. Volume of cylinder 5 πr 2h 7x 2 5 22
Outside cylinder: r 5 x 1 3 2
x 2 5 2 }7 
Î
}
h59 2
x 5 6 2 }7   
Voutside 5 π(x 1 3)2(9) 5 9π 1 x 2 1 6x 1 9 2
}
Ï
2
Inside cylinder: r 5 3 x 5 6 i  }7   
h592x }
Ï14  
x 5 6 i }  
  
Vinside 5 π(3)2(9 2 x) 5 9π(9 2 x) 7
Volume of clay: 7. (5 2 3i) 1 (22 1 5i) 5 [5 1 (22)] 1 (23 1 5)i

Vclay 5 Voutside 2 Vinside 5 3 1 2i
200 5 9π (x 1 6x 1 9) 2 9π(9 2 x) 8. (22 1 9i) 2 (7 1 8i) 5 (22 2 7) 1 (9 2 8)i

2
200 5 9π 1 x 1 6x 1 9 2 9 1 x 2 5 29 1 i
200 5 9π1 x 2 1 7x 2 9. 3i(7 2 9i) 5 21i 2 27i 2
5 21i 2 27(21)
200
 }   5 x 2 1 7x 5 27 1 21i
9π
 4  5 1 x 2 1 7x 1 }
 4   2
200 49 49
 }   1 }
9π
 4  5 1 x 1 }
49 7 2
 2  2
200
 }   1 }
9π
Algebra 2

10. (8 2 3i)(26 2 10i) 5 248 2 80i 1 18i 1 30i 2 17. y 5 x2 1 x 1 1
 4 5 1 x 2 1 x 1 }
5 248 2 62i 1 30(21)
 4  21 1
1 1
y 1 }
5 278 2 62i
 4 5 1 x 1 }
1 2
 2  2 1 1
4i 1
4i 26 1 11i y 1 }
11.  }     
26 2 11i
5} p}
 26 2 11i   26 1 11i  

y 5 1 x 1 }
1 2 3
 
5 }}
224i 1 44i 2
  2 
    2  2 1 }
 4 
36 2 66i 1 66i 2 121i
The vertex form of the function is y 5 1 x 1 }
1 2 3
 2  2 1 }
 4 .
224i 1 44(21)
  36 2 121(21)
   
 2 ,  }4  2.
5 }}    1 3
244 2 24i
  157   
5}  
18. y 5 x 2 1 9x 1 19
44 24
 4  5 1 x 2 1 9x 1 }
2 }
 157  i 
 4   21 19
5 2 }    81 81
157 y 1 }
3 2 2i 3 2 2i 28 2 5i
p}
 4  5 1 x 1 }
12.  }     28 1 5i 
   28 2 5i  
9 2
 2  2 1 19
  5} 81
28 1 5i y 1 }
224 2 15i 1 16i 1 10i 2
y 5 1 x 1 }
5  }} 2 
9 2
 2  2 2 }
  
   5
64 1 40i 2 40i 2 25i  4 
224 1 i 1 10(21)
The vertex form of the function is y 5 1 x 1 }
9 2
 2  2 2  }4 .
  64 2 25(21)
5 }}   
    5

 2 , 2 }4  2.
234 1 i 9 5
  89   
5}  
5 2 }
34
 1 }
1
 89  i  19. h 5 216t 2 1 h0
89
0 5 216t 2 1 45
13. y 5 x 2 2 4x 1 9
245 5 216t 2
y 1 4 5 (x 2 2 4x 1 4) 1 9
45
y 1 4 5 (x 2 2)2 1 9  }  5 t 2
16
y 5 (x 2 2)2 1 5
Î45
}

6 }
 16    5 t

61.7 ø t
14. y 5 x 2 1 14x 1 45
Reject the negative solution, 21.7, because time must be
y 1 49 5 (x 2 1 14x 1 49) 1 45 positive. The ball is in the air for about 1.7 seconds.
y 1 49 5 (x 1 7)2 1 45
y 5 (x 1 7)2 2 4 Lesson 1.8 Use the Quadratic Formula
2 and the Discriminant
The vertex form of the function is y 5 (x 1 7) 2 4.
The vertex is (27, 24). Guided Practice for the lesson “Use the
15. f (x) 5 x 2 2 10x 1 17 Quadratic Formula and the Discriminant”
f (x) 1 25 5 (x 2 2 10x 1 25) 1 17 1. x 2 5 6x 2 4
f (x) 1 25 5 (x 2 5)2 1 17 x 2 2 6x 1 4 5 0
f(x) 5 (x 2 5)2 2 8 2b 6 Ï
}
b 2 2 4ac  

2  
x 5 }}       
The vertex form of the function is f(x) 5 (x 2 5) 2 8. 2a
}}
The vertex is (5, 28). 2(26) 6 Ï
(26)2 2 4(1)(4) 
  
x 5  }}}        
16. g(x) 5 x 2 2 2x 2 7 2(1)
}
g(x) 1 1 5 (x 2 2 2x 1 1) 2 7
66Ï
  2   
x5}
20  
 
g(x) 1 1 5 (x 2 1)2 2 7 }
6 6 2Ï 5  
g(x) 5 (x 2 1)2 2 8 x 5  }
2
 
   
The vertex form of the function is g(x) 5 (x 2 1)2 2 8. }
The vertex is (1, 28). x 5 3 6 Ï5  
}
The solutions
}
5  ø 5.24 and
are x 5 3 1 Ï
x 5 3 2 Ï 5  ø 0.76.
Algebra 2

2. 4x 2 2 10x 5 2x 2 9 6. 8x 2 5 9x 2 11
4x 2 2 12x 1 9 5 0 8x 2 2 9x 1 11 5 0
} b2 2 4ac 5 (29)2 2 4(8)(11) 5 2271 < 0
2b 6 Ï
b2 2 4ac  

 
x 5 }} 2a
       Two imaginary solutions:
}} } }
2(212) 6 Ï
(212)2 2 4(4)(9) 
   2b 6 Ï 2(29) 6 Ï
b2 2 4ac   2271  
x 5  }}}    
2(4)
     x 5  }} 2a
       5 }}
  2(8)
      
}
12 6 Ï
0   }
  8   
x5}   9 Ï271  
5  }
16
   6 i }
16
 
  
3
x 5  }2  7. 7x 2 2 2x 5 5
2
3 7x 2 2x 2 5 5 0
The solution is }
 2 .
b2 2 4ac 5 (22)2 2 4(7)(25) 5 144 > 0
3. 7x 2 5x 2 2 4 5 2x 1 3 Two real solutions:
25x 2 1 5x 2 7 5 0 }
2b 6Ï b2 2 4ac  
2(22) 6 Ï
144  
}
}
x 5  }}
2a
        
5 }} 2(7)
     
2b 6 Ï
b2 2 4ac  

 
x 5 }} 2a
       2 6 12 1 6 5
}}
5}  5 }
  14     7   6 }
 7 5 1, 2 }7 
25 6 Ï 2
5 2 4(25)(27) 
  
x 5  }}
2(25)
  
     8. 4x 2 1 3x 1 12 5 3 2 3x
} 4x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 0
25 6 Ï
2115  
x 5  }}
210
     b2 2 4ac 5 62 2 4(4)(9) 5 2108 < 0
} Two imaginary solutions:
25 6 iÏ 115   } }
 
x5}  
   
210 2b 6Ï b2 2 4ac  
26 6 Ï
2108  
x 5  }} 2a
        
5 }} 2(4)
    
}
5 6 iÏ115   }
x 5  }
10

   
  26 6 i6Ï3   3
}
3iÏ3  
5  }
8
   
 5 2 }4 6 }
  4   
 
} }
5 1 iÏ 115   5 2 iÏ 115  
The solutions are }  
  10   and }
  10   
.  9. 3x 2 5x 2 1 1 5 6 2 7x
25x 2 1 10x 2 5 5 0
4. 2x 2 1 4x 2 4 5 0
b 2 2 4ac 5 102 2 4(25)(25) 5 0

b 2 2 4ac 5 42 2 4(2)(24) 5 48 > 0
One real solution:
Two real solutions: } }
2b 6Ï b2 2 4ac  
210 6 Ï 0  
} x 5  }} 2a
         2(25)   
5}  
2b 6Ï b 2 4ac  
}
2
24 6 Ï
48   
x 5  }}
2a
      
5  }
2(2)
 
   
210
}  210  
5} 5 1
24 6 4Ï3  
 
5}     
4 10. h 5 216t 2 1 v0 t 1 h0
5 21 6 Ï
}
3  ø 0.73, 22.73 3 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 4
5. 3x 2 1 12x 1 12 5 0 0 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 1

}}
b 2 2 4ac 5 122 2 4(3)(12) 5 0 250 6 Ï
502 2 4(216)(1) 
  
t 5 }}
  2(216)
  
   
One real solution:
} } }
2b 6 Ï
b2 2 4ac  
212 6 Ï 0   250 6 Ï
2564  
x 5 }}
  2a
         2(3)   
5}   t 5 }}
  232

     
212 t ø 20.02 or t ø 3.14

  6   
5}  5 22
Reject the solution 20.02 because the ball’s time in the
air cannot be negative. So, the ball is in the air for about
3.14 seconds.
Algebra 2

Exercises for the lesson “Use the Quadratic 7. 8w 2 2 8w 1 2 5 0
Formula and the Discriminant” }}
2(28) 6 Ï
(28)2 2 4(8)(2) 
  
Skill Practice  
w 5 }}}2(8)
  
    
}
1. You can use the discriminant of a quadratic equation to 86Ï
0  
  16   
w5}  
determine the equation’s number and type of solutions.
2. Sample answer: 8
w 5  }
16
   
When hitting a baseball with a bat, you would need to use
the model that accounts for initial vertical velocity because 1
 2 
w5}
the baseball is launched, not dropped.
3. x 2 2 4x 2 5 5 0 1
 2 .
The solution is }
}}
2(24) 6 Ï 2
(24) 2 4(1)(25) 
  
 
x 5 }}}   
2(1)
     8. 5p 2 2 10p 1 24 5 0
} }}
46Ï
36   2(210) 6 Ï
(210)2 2 4(5)(24) 
x 5  }
2
 
     
p 5 }}}        
  
2(5)
466 10 6 Ï
2380  
}
x 5  }
2

   
   
p5}    
 
10
x5263 10 6 2iÏ 95  
}
 
p5} 10
   
 
x 5 5, 21
}
The solutions are 5 and 21. Ï 95  
p 5 1 6 i }
5
 
  
4. x 2 2 6x 1 7 5 0 }
Ï95  
}
Ï95  
}} The solutions are 1 1 i }
5
 and 1 2 i }
  
5
. 
  
2(26) 6 Ï 2
(26) 2 4(1)(7) 
  
 
x 5 }}}2(1)
  
    
}
9. 4x 2 2 8x 1 1 5 0
66Ï 8  
  2   
x5}   2(28) 6 Ï
}}
(28)2 2 4(4)(1) 
  
}
 
x 5 }}} 2(4)
       
6 6 2Ï 2  
x 5  }  
    }
2 86Ï
48  
}   8   
x5}  
x 5 3 6 Ï 2   }

} 8 6 4Ï 3  
The solutions are x 5 3 1 Ï
2  ø 4.41 and   8   
x5}  
}
x 5 3 2 Ï2  ø 1.59. }
Ï 3  
  2   
x516}
5. t 2 1 8t 1 19 5 0
}
}} Ï3  
28 6 Ï
82 2 4(1)(19) 
   The solutions are x 5 1 1  }   ø 1.87 and
 
t 5 }}        }
2
2(1) Ï3  
} x 5 1 2  }    ø 0.13.
28 6 Ï
212   2
 
t5} 2
   
 
}
28 6 2iÏ 3  
 
t5} 2
   
 
}
t 5 24 6 iÏ 3  
} }
The solutions are 24 1 iÏ 3  and 24 2 iÏ3 . 
6. x 2 2 16x 1 7 5 0
}}
2(216) 6 Ï
(216)2 2 4(1)(7) 
  
 
x 5 }}}   
2(1)
    
}
16 6 Ï
228  
 
x5} 2
   
 
}
16 6 2Ï57  
 
x5} 2
   
 
}
x586Ï
57  
}
The solutions are x 5 8 1 Ï 57  ø 15.55
}
57 ø 0.45.
and x 5 8 2 Ï  
Algebra 2

10. 6u 2 1 4u 1 11 5 0 14. x 2 1 6x 5 215
24 6 Ï
}}
42 2 4(6)(11) 
  
x 2 1 6x 1 15 5 0
 
u 5 }} 2(6)
      
26 6 Ï
}}
62 2 4(1)(15) 
  
} x 5  }}
2(1)
      
24 6 Ï
2248  
 
u 5 }}    
  }
12 26 6 Ï
224  
}
 
x5} 2
   
 
24 6 2iÏ 62  
 
u5} 12
   
  26 6 2iÏ6  
}
}
 
x5} 2
   
 
1 Ï 62  
u 5 2 }3 6 i }
6
 
   x 5 23 6 iÏ 6  
}
} } } }
1 Ï 62   1 Ï 62   The solutions are 23 1 iÏ6  and 23 2 iÏ6 . 
The solutions are 2 }3 1 i }
  6   
 and 2 }3 2 i }
  6   
. 
15. s 2 5 214 2 3s
2 2
11. 3r 2 8r 2 9 5 0 s 1 3s 1 14 5 0
}} }}
2(28) 6 Ï 2
(28) 2 4(3)(29) 
   23 6 Ï
32 2 4(1)(14) 
  
 
r 5 }}}   
    
2(3)
 
s 5 }}       
2(1)
} }
86Ï
172   23 6Ï247  
r 5  }
6
 
 
   
s5} 2
   
 
} }
8 6 2Ï 43   23 6 iÏ47  
r 5  }
6
   
   
s5} 2
   
 
} }
4 Ï43   23 Ï47  
r 5  }3 6 }
  3   
  s 5  }
2
    6 i }
2
 
  
} } }
4 Ï43   3 Ï 47   3 Ï 47  
 3 1 }
The solutions are r 5 }  ø 3.52 and
  3    The solutions are 2 }2  1 i }  and 2 }2 2 i }
   . 
  
} 2 2
4 Ï43  
r 5  }3 2  }
3
 ø 20.85
   16. 23y 2 5 6y 2 10
12. A; 23y 2 2 6y 1 10 5 0
}}
2x 2 2 16x 1 50 5 0 2(26) 6 Ï
(26)2 2 4(23)(10) 
  
}}  
y 5 }}}    
2(23)
    
2(216) 6 Ï
(216)2 2 4(2)(50) 
  
}
 
x 5 }}}    
2(2)
     66Ï
156  
y 5  }
26
 
   
}
16 6 Ï
2144   }
 
x5} 4
   
  6 6 2Ï 39  
  26   
y5}  
16 6 12i
x 5  }
4
 
   
}
Ï39  
  3   
y 5 21 6 }  
x 5 4 6 3i }
Ï39  
13. 2
3w 2 12w 5 212 The solutions are y 5 21 1 }  ø 1.08 and
  3   
}
2
3w 2 12w 1 12 5 0 Ï39  
y 5 21 2  }
3
 ø 23.08.
  
w 2 2 4w 1 4 5 0
}}
2(24) 6 Ï
(24)2 2 4(1)(4) 
  
 
w 5 }}}2(1)
  
    
}
46Ï
0  
  2   
w5}  
w52
The solution is 2.
Algebra 2

17. 3 2 8v 2 5v 2 5 2v 20. 6 2 2t 2 5 9t 1 15
25v 2 2 10v 1 3 5 0 22t 2 2 9t 2 9 5 0
}}
2(210) 6 Ï 2 }}
(210) 2 4(25)(3) 
  
2(29) 6 Ï
(29)2 2 4(22)(29) 
 
v 5 }}}    
2(25)
      
t 5 }}}      
  
  
2(22)
}
10 6 Ï
160   9 6 Ï 9  
}
v 5  }
210
 
    t 5  }  
   
}
24
10 6 4Ï 10  
  210   
v5}   963
t 5  }
24
 
  
}
2Ï 10  
v 5 21 6 }  
  5    9 3
t 5 2 }4 6 }
 4 
}
2Ï 10  
The solutions are v 5 21 1  }
5
 ø 0.26 and
    3
} t 5 2 }2 , 23
2Ï 10  
v 5 21 2  }5
 ø 22.26.
   
3
The solutions are 2 }2 and 23.
18. 7x 2 5 1 12x 2 5 23x
12x 2 1 10x 2 5 5 0 21. 4 1 9n 2 3n 2 5 2 2 n
}}
210 6 Ï 2
10 2 4(12)(25) 
   23n 2 1 10n 1 2 5 0
x 5  }}
2(12)
  
     }}
} 210 6 Ï
102 2 4(23)(2) 
  
210 6 Ï
340    
n 5 }} 2(23)
  
    
x 5  }
24
   
 
}
}
210 6 2Ï 85   210 6 Ï
124  
x 5  }   
  n 5  }
26
   
 
24
} }
5 Ï 85   210 6 2Ï31  
x 5 2 }
12
  6 }
  12   
 
n5}    
 
26
}
5 Ï 85   5
}
Ï 31  
The solutions are x 5 2 }
12
   1 } ø 0.35 and
  12     3  6 }
n5}   3   
 
} }
5 Ï 85   5 Ï 31  
x 5 2 }
12
  2 } ø 21.18.
  12    The solutions are n 5 }
 3 1 }  ø 3.52 and
  3   
}
5 Ï 31  
2 2 n 5  }3 2 }  ø 20.19.
  3   
19. 4x 1 3 5 x 2 7x

2
3x 1 7x 1 3 5 0
}} 22. z 2 1 15z 1 24 5 232
27 6 Ï
7 2 2 4(3)(3)  
 
x 5 }}        z 2 1 15z 1 56 5 0
2(3) }}
} 215 6 Ï
152 2 4(1)(56) 
  
27 6 Ï
13   z 5  }}   
    
 
x5} 6
   
  2(1)
}
} 215 6 Ï
1  
7 Ï 13   z 5  }   
 
x 5 2 }6 6 }
  6   
  2
} 215 6 1
7 Ï 13     2   
z5}  
The solutions are x 5 2 }6 1  }
6
 ø 20.57 and
  
} z 5 27, 28
7 Ï 13  
x 5 2 }6 2 }  ø 21.77.
  6    The solutions are 27 and 28.
Check: z 2 1 15z 1 56 5 0
(z 1 8)(z 1 7) 5 0
z1850 or z 1 7 5 0
z 5 28 or z 5 27
Algebra 2

23. x 2 2 5x 1 10 5 4 The solutions are 3 and 21.
2
x 2 5x 1 6 5 0 Check: s 2 2 2s 2 3 5 0
2(25) 6 Ï
}}
2
(25) 2 4(1)(6) 
  
(s 2 3)(s 1 1) 5 0
 
x 5 }}}2(1)
  
     s 2 3 5 0 or s 1 1 5 0
}
56Ï 1   s 5 3 or s 5 21
  2   
x5}   2
26. r 2 4r 1 8 5 5r
561 r 2 2 9r 1 8 5 0
     
x5} 2
 
}}
2(29) 6 Ï
(29)2 2 4(1)(8) 
  
x 5 3, 2  
r 5 }}}2(1)
  
    
The solutions are 3 and 2. 96Ï
}
49  
  2   
r5}  
Check: x 2 2 5x 1 6 5 0
(x 2 3)(x 2 2) 5 0 967
r 5  }
2
 
   
x 2 3 5 0 or x 2 2 5 0
r 5 8, 1
x 5 3 or x 5 2
The solutions are 8 and 1.
24. m 2 1 5m 2 99 5 3m
Check: r 2 2 9r 1 8 5 0
m 2 1 2m 2 99 5 0
}} (r 2 8)(r 2 1) 5 0
22 6 Ï
22 2 4(1)(99) 
  
 
m 5 }}        r 2 8 5 0 or r 2 1 5 0
2(1)
} r 5 8 or r 5 1
22 6 Ï
400  
m 5 }
2
   
  2
27. 3x 1 7x 2 24 5 13x
22 6 20 3x 2 2 6x 2 24 5 0
  2   
m5}  
x 2 2 2x 2 8 5 0
m 5 9, 211 }}
2(22) 6 Ï
(22)2 2 4(1)(28) 
  
The solutions are 9 and 211.  
x 5 }}}    
2(1)
    
2
Check: m 1 2m 2 99 5 0 }
2 6 Ï 36  
x 5  }
2
 
   
(m 2 9)(m 1 11) 5 0
m 2 9 5 0 or m 1 11 5 0 266
x 5  }
2
 
   
m 5 9 or m 5 211
2 x 5 4, 22
25. s 2 s 2 3 5 s
2 The solutions are 4 and 22.
s 2 2s 2 3 5 0
}} Check: x 2 2 2x 2 8 5 0
2(22) 6 Ï
(22)2 2 4(1)(23) 
  
 
s 5 }}}    
2(1)
     (x 2 4)(x 1 2) 5 0
26Ï
16  
} x 2 4 5 0 or x 1 2 5 0
s 5  }  
   
2 x 5 4 or x 5 22
264
s 5  }
2

   
 
s 5 3, 21
Algebra 2

28. 45x 2 1 57x 1 1 5 5 Check: n 2 2 7n 2 18 5 0
45x 2 1 57x 2 4 5 0 (n 2 9)(n 1 2) 5 0
257 6 Ï
}}
2
57 2 4(45)(24) 
  
n 2 9 5 0 or n1 2 5 0
 
x 5 }} 2(45)
  
     n 5 9 or n 5 22
257 6 Ï
3969 
}
 
31. x 2 2 8x 1 16 5 0
 
x 5 }}       
90 b 2 2 4ac 5 (28)2 2 4(1)(16) 5 0
257 6 63 One real solution:
  90   
x5}   }
}
2b 6 Ï 2(28) 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac   0  
1 4 x 5  }} 5 }
      
2a
     
 54 2(1)
 15  , 2 }3 
x5}
1 4 32. s 2 1 7s 1 11 5 0
The solutions are }
 15   and 2 }3 .
b 2 2 4ac 5 72 2 4(1)(11) 5 5 > 0
Check: 45x 2 1 57x 2 4 5 0
Two real solutions:
(15x 2 1)(3x 1 4) 5 0 } }
2b 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac  
27 6 Ï 5  
15x 2 1 5 0 or 3x 1 4 5 0 s 5  }}          2(1)   
5}   ø 22.38, 24.62
2a
1 4
 15  or
x5} x 5 2 }3  33. 8p 2 1 8p 1 3 5 0
b 2 2 4ac 5 82 2 4(8)(3) 5 232 < 0
29. 5p 2 1 40p 1 100 5 25
Two imaginary solutions:
5p 2 1 40p 1 75 5 0
} } }
p 2 1 8p 1 15 5 0 2b 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac  
28 6 Ï
232   28 6 4iÏ 2  
p 5  }} 2a
         2(8)   
5}  
5}  16     
}}
28 6 Ï
82 2 4(1)(15) 
   }
      
p 5  }} 1 Ï
2  
2(1) 5 2 }2 6 i }
4
   
}
28 6 Ï
4   28 6 2
  2   
p5}  5 }
  2   
  34. 24w 2 1 w 2 14 5 0
b 2 2 4ac 5 12 2 4(24)(214) 5 2223 < 0
p 5 23, 25
The solutions are 23 and 25.
} }
2
Check: p 1 8p 1 15 5 0 2b 6 Ï
b2 2 4ac  
21 6 Ï 2223  
w 5 }}
         5 }}
  2(24)     

2a
( p 1 3)( p 1 5) 5 0 }
21 6 iÏ223  
p 1 3 5 0 or p 1 5 5 0 5  }
28
   
 
p 5 23 or p 5 25 1
}
Ï223  
 8 6 i }
5} 8
 
   
30. 9n 2 2 42n 2 162 5 21n
9n 2 2 63n 2 162 5 0 35. 5x 2 1 20x 1 21 5 0
n 2 2 7n 2 18 5 0 b 2 2 4ac 5 20 2 2 4(5)(21) 5 220 < 0
}} Two imaginary solutions:
2(27) 6 Ï
(27)2 2 4(1)(218) 
  
 
n 5 }}}   
    
2(1) 2b 6 Ï
}
b 2 2 4ac  
220 6 Ï 220  
}
}
x 5  }} 2a
        
5 }} 2(5)
    
76Ï
121   7 6 11
n 5  }
2
   5 }
    2   
  220 6 2i Ï
5  
}
5  }
10
   
 
n 5 9, 22 }
Ï 5  
The solutions are 9 and 22. 5 22 6 i }
5
   
Algebra 2

36. 8z 2 10 5 z 2 2 7z 1 3 40. 16t 2 2 7t 5 17t 2 9
2z 2 1 15z 2 13 5 0 16t 2 2 24t 1 9 5 0
2 2
b 2 4ac 5 15 2 4(21)(213) 5 173 > 0 (4t 2 3)(4t 2 3) 5 0
Two real solutions: 4t 2 3 5 0
}
2b 6 Ï
b 2 4ac   2
215 6 Ï
173  
}
3
z 5  }}          2(21)   
5}    4 
t5}
2a
215 6 Ï
}
173   3
5  }  
    The solution is  }4 .
2(21)
15 6 Ï
}
173   41. 7x 2 3x 2 5 85 1 2x 2 1 2x
5  }   
 
2 25x 2 1 5x 2 85 5 0
ø 14.08, 0.92 x 2 2 x 1 17 5 0
37. 8n 2 2 4n 1 2 5 5n 2 11
}}
2(21) 6 Ï
(21)2 2 4(1)(17) 
  
2 x 5  }}}
        
8n 2 9n 1 13 5 0 2(1)
}
b 2 2 4ac 5 (29)2 2 4(8)(13) 5 2335 < 0 16Ï
267  
 
x5} 2
   
 
Two imaginary solutions: }
} } 1 6 iÏ
67  
2b 6 Ï 2(29) 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac   2335   x5}  
  2   
n 5  }} 2a
        
5 }} 2(8)
      
}
} 1 iÏ67  
9 6 iÏ 335   x 5  }2 6 }
  2   
 
5  } 16
     
} }
} 1 iÏ67   1 iÏ67  
9 Ï335    2 1 }
The solutions are }   2   
 and }
 2 2 }
  2   
. 
5  }
16
   6 i }
16
 
  
42. 4(x 2 1)2 5 6x 1 2
2 2
38. 5x 1 16x 5 11x 2 3x 4(x 2 2x 1 1) 5 6x 1 2
2
8x 2 1 5x 5 0 4x 2 2 8x 1 4 5 6x 1 2
2 2
b 2 4ac 5 5 2 4(8)(0) 5 25 > 0 4x 2 2 14x 1 2 5 0
Two real solutions: 2x 2 2 7x 1 1 5 0
} }
2b 6 Ï 2 }}
b 2 4ac  25 6 Ï
  25   2(27) 6 Ï
(27)2 2 4(2)(1) 
x 5 }}
           2(8)   
5}     
2a  
x 5 }}} 2(2)
       
25 6 5 5 76Ï
41  
}
  16   
5} 5 0, 2 }8 
 
  4   
x5}  
}
71Ï
41  
39. 7r 2 2 5 5 2r 1 9r 2 The solutions are x 5 }  ø 3.35 and
  4   
22r 2 2 2r 2 5 5 0 72Ï
}
41  
2 2 x 5 }  ø 0.15.
  4   
b 2 4ac 5 (22) 2 4(22)(25) 5 236 < 0
}
2b 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac  

r 5  }} 2a
      
}
2(22) 6 Ï
236  
5  }}
2(22)
  
   
2 6 6i
5  }
24
 
  
1 3
5 2 }2 6 }
 2 i
Algebra 2

43. 25 2 16v 2 5 12v(v 1 5) 46. 1.1(3.4x 2 2.3)2 5 15.5
25 2 16v 2 5 12v 2 1 60v 11(3.4x 2 2.3)2 5 155
2
1 }
228v 2 60v 1 25 5 0 23 2
 10  2 5 }
17 155
 5  x 2 }  11  
2
28v 1 60v 2 25 5 0
Î155
}
17 23
(14v 2 5)(2v 1 5) 5 0  }   x 2 }
 10  5 6 }
 11    
5
 10  6Î}
14v 2 5 5 0 or 2v 1 5 5 0 }
17 23 155
5 5  }
5
  x 5 }  11     
v 5  }    or v 5 2 }2 
 10 6Î}
14
 17   1 }
}
 11    2
5 23 155
5 5 x5}  
 14   and 2 }2 .
The solutions are }
 17   Î}
}
23 5 155
3 3 x5}  34  6 }  11     
44.  }2 y 2 2 6y 5 }
 4 y 2 9
}
23 5Ï1705 
 
6y 2 2 24y 5 3y 2 36  34  6 }
x5}   187   
 
6y 2 2 27y 1 36 5 0 23
}
5Ï1705  
 34  1 }
The solutions are x 5 }  ø 1.78 and
  187   
2y 2 2 9y 1 12 5 0
}
}} 23 5Ï1705  
2(29) 6 Ï
(29)2 2 4(2)(12) 
   x 5  }  2 }  ø 20.43.
  187   
 
y 5 }}}          34
2(2)
}
47. 19.25 5 8.5(2r 2 1.75)2
96Ï 215  
 5 1 2r 2 }
 
y5}   77 7 2
 4  2
   
4 2 }
34
Î
}
9 6 iÏ 15   }
77 7
  4   
y5}   6 2 }    5 2r 2 }
 4 
34
Î77
} }
9 iÏ15   7
 4 6 }
y5}   4   
   }4 6 i  }
34
    5 2r
 2 i Î
} } }
9 iÏ15   9 iÏ15   7 1 77
 4 1 }
The solutions are }   4   
 and }
 4 2  } . 
     }8 6 } }
 34   5 r
 
4
9 3 }
iÏ 2618  
45. 3x 2 1 }
 2 x 2 4 5 5x 1 }
 4  7
 }8 6 }
  68   
 5 r

} }
12x 2 1 18x 2 16 5 20x 1 3 7 iÏ2618   7 iÏ2618  
The solutions are }
 8 1 }
  68   
 and }
 8 2 }
  68   
. 
12x 2 2 2x 2 19 5 0
2(22) 6 Ï
}}
(22)2 2 4(12)(219) 
  
48. 4.5 5 1.5(3.25 2 s) 2
 
x 5 }}}   
    
2(12) 3 5 (3.25 2 s) 2
}
26Ï
}
916   6Ï 3  5 3.25 2 s
x 5  }
24

   
  }
s 5 3.25 6 Ï3  
} }
2 6 2Ï 229 
  The solutions are s 5 3.25 1 Ï
3  ø 4.98 and
x 5  }
24
   
 
}
s 5 3.25 2 Ï3  ø 1.52.
}
16Ï
229   49. The solutions are imaginary, not real.
x 5  }
12

   
 
11Ï
}
229   3x 2 1 6x 1 15 5 0
The solutions are x 5  }
12
ø 1.34 and
   
  }}
26 6 Ï
62 2 4(3)(15) 
  
12Ï
}
229    
x 5 }} 2(3)
      
x 5 } ø 21.18.
 
  12    }
26 6 Ï
2144  
 
5 }} 6
   
 
26 6 12i
  6   
5}  
5 21 6 2i
The solutions are 21 1 2i and 21 2 2i.
Algebra 2

50. The quadratic equation must be written in standard form 57. x 2 1 8x 1 c 5 0
before applying the quadratic formula. a. 82 2 4(1)(c) > 0
x 2 1 6x 1 8 5 2 64 2 4c > 0
x 2 1 6x 1 6 5 0 24c > 264
}}
26 6 Ï
62 2 4(1)(6)   c < 16
 
x 5 }} 2(1)
       b. 82 2 4(1)(c) 5 0
}
26 6 Ï
12   64 2 4c 5 0
 
x5} 2
   
 
24c 5 264
}
26 6 2Ï 3   c 5 16
x 5  }
2
   
 
}
c. 82 2 4(1)(c) < 0
x 5 23 6 Ï 3   64 2 4c < 0
}
The solutions are x 5 23 1 Ï
3  ø 21.27 and 24c < 264
}
x 5 23 2 Ï3 ø 24.73.  c > 16
51. ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 58. 2x 2 1 16x 1 c 5 0
} a. 162 2 4(21)(c) > 0
2b 6 Ï
b 2 2 4ac  

 
x 5 }} 2a
       256 1 4c > 0
Mean of solutions: 4c > 2256
} } c > 264
2b 1 Ï 1 1 2b 2 Ï
b 2 2 4ac    2
b 2 2 4ac   2
 }}}    
2a
     b. 16 2 4(21)(c) 5 0
    
} 
2 256 1 4c 5 0
22b
  2a   
}   22b b 4c 5 2256
5 2  }4a
    5 }
     
2 }
2a
 5
  , which is the formula for the c 5 264
axis of symmetry. 2
c. 16 2 4(21)(c) < 0
The axis of symmetry of the graph of y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c 256 1 4c < 0
is the mean of the x-values of two points that lie on the 4c < 2256
graph that have the same y-value. c < 264
52. Because there are two x-intercepts, the discriminant 2
59. 3x 1 24x 1 c 5 0
is positive.
a. 242 2 4(3)(c) > 0

53. Because there are no x-intercepts, the discriminant
576 2 12c > 0
is negative.
212c > 2576
54. Because there is one x-intercept, the discriminant is zero.
c < 48
55. C;
2 b. 242 2 4(3)(c) 5 0
2x 1 5x 1 c 5 0
576 2 12c 5 0
b2 2 4ac 5 52 2 4(2)(c) 5 223
212c 5 2576
25 2 8c 5 223
c 5 48
28c 5 248
c. 242 2 4(3)(c) < 0
c56
2 576 2 12c < 0
56. x 2 4x 1 c 5 0
2 212c < 2576
a. (24) 2 4(1)(c) > 0
c > 48
16 2 4c > 0
60. 24x 2 2 10x 1 c 5 0
24c > 216
a. (210)2 2 4(24)(c) > 0
c<4
100 1 16c > 0
b. (24)2 2 4(1)(c) 5 0
16c > 2100
16 2 4c 5 0
25
24c 5 216 c > 2 }
4
  
c54
b. (210)2 2 4(24)(c) 5 0
c. (24)2 2 4(1)(c) < 0
100 1 16c 5 0
16 2 4c < 0
16c 5 2100
24c < 216
25
c>4 c 5 2 }
4
  
Algebra 2

c. (210)2 2 4(24)(c) < 0 64. ax 2 1 bx 1 4 5 0
100 1 16c < 0 a(21)2 1 b(21) 1 4 5 0
16c < 2100 a2b1450
25 a5b24
c < 2 }   
a1 2}
 3  2 1 b1 2}
4 2
 3  21 4 5 0
4 4
2
61. x 2 x 1 c 5 0
a. (21) 2 2 4(1)(c) > 0 16 4
 }
9
  a 2 }
 3 b 1 4 5 0
1 2 4c > 0
16 4
24c > 21  }   (b 2 4) 2 }
 3 b 1 4 5 0
9
1
 4 
c<} 16(b 2 4) 2 12b 1 36 5 0
b. (21) 2 4(1)(c) 5 0 2 16b 2 64 2 12b 1 36 5 0
1 2 4c 5 0 4b 2 28 5 0
24c 5 21 4b 5 28
1 b57
 4 
c5}
a 5 b 2 4 5 7 2 4 5 3
c. (21)2 2 4(1)(c) < 0 ax 2 1 bx 1 4 5 0
1 2 4c < 0 3x 2 1 7x 1 4 5 0
24c < 21 65. ax 2 1 bx 1 4 5 0
2
1 a(21 2 i) 1 b(21 2 i) 1 4 5 0
c >  }4 
2ia 1 (21 2 i)b 1 4 5 0
62. b2 2 4ac 5 210
2ia 5 24 2 (21 2 i)b
7
Sample answer: 5 2 4 } 2
 4   (5) 5 25 2 35 1  2
24 2 (21 2 i)b
 
a 5 }} 2i
      
5 210 a(21 1 i)2 1 b(21 1 i) 1 4 5 0
7
 4 x 2 1 5x 1 5 5 0
} 22ia 1 (21 1 i)b 1 4 5 0
63. ax 2 1 bx 1 4 5 0 F  4 1 (21 2 i)b

G

 
22i }} 2i
       
1 (21 1 i)b 1 4 5 0
2
a(24) 1 b(24) 1 4 5 0
24 2 (21 2 i)b 1 (21 1 i)b 1 4 5 0
16a 2 4b 1 4 5 0
(21 2 i 2 1 1 i)b 5 28
16a 5 4b 2 4
22b 5 28
4b 2 4
a5}  
  16    b54
b21 24 2 (21 2 i)b 24 2 (21 2 i)(4)
  4   
a5}   a 5 }}
          
5 }}       
2i 2i
24 1 4 1 4i
a(3)2 1 b(3) 1 4 5 0 5 }   2i
   
 52
9a 1 3b 1 4 5 0 ax 2 1 bx 1 4 5 0
b21
  4   
9 } 1 
  1 3b 1 4 5 0 2 2x 2 1 4x 1 4 5 0
66. ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0
9(b 2 1) 1 12b 1 16 5 0
a(3i)2 1 b(3i) 1 c 5 0, a(22i)2 1 b(22i) 1 c 5 0
9b 2 9 1 12b 1 16 5 0
29a 1 (3i)b 1 c 5 0 24a 1 (22i)b 1 c 5 0
21b 5 27
29a 1 (3i)b 1 c 5 24a 1 (22i)b 1 c
7
b 5 2 }
21
   (5i)b 5 5a
1 ib 5 a
b 5 2 }3 
29(ib) 1 (3i)b 1 c 5 0
1 24 (29i)b 1 (3i)b 1 c 5 0
b21 2 }3 2 1   3    
}
1
a 5 }
4
 5 }
             5
4
     5
}
4
2 }3  (26i)b 1 c 5 0
2
ax 1 bx 1 4 5 0 c 5 6ib
1 1 You can see from the equations a 5 ib and c 5 6ib, that
2 }3 x 2 2 }
 3 x 1 4 5 0 a, b, and c cannot be real numbers.
Algebra 2

67. a. Zx2 2 3x 2 14Z 5 4 c. Because the x-coordinate of the vertex is 80, the
2
x 2 3x 2 14 5 4 or 2
x 2 3x 2 14 5 24 horizontal distance h the motorcycle has traveled
when it reaches its maximum height is 80 feet.
x2 2 3x 2 18 5 0 x2 2 3x 2 10 5 0
1 1
(x 2 6)(x 1 3) 5 0 (x 2 5)(x 1 2) 5 0 d. y 5 2 }   ( 80)2 1 }
 4 (80) 1 20 5 30
640
x 5 6 or x 5 23 x 5 5 or x 5 22 Because the y-coordinate of the vertex is 30, the
Checking each possible solution shows that none is motorcycle’s maximum height k above the ground is
extraneous. So, the solutions are 23, 22, 5, and 6. 30 feet.
71. S 5 20.000013E 2 1 0.042E 2 21
b. x2 5 ZxZ 1 6
10 5 20.000013E 2 1 0.042E 2 21
ZxZ 5 x2 2 6
0 5 20.000013E 2 1 0.042E 2 31
x 5 x2 2 6 or x 5 2(x2 2 6) 20.042 6 Ï
}}}
(0.042)2 2 4(20.000013)(231) 
   
2
x 2 x 2 6 5 0 2
x 5 2x 1 6 E 5 }}}}
        
   
2(20.000013)

(x 2 3)(x 1 2) 5 0 x2 1 x 2 6 5 0 20.042 6 Ï
}
0.000152  
E 5  }}   
20.000026
 
  
x 5 3 or x 5 22 (x 1 3)(x 2 2) 5 0
x 5 23 or x 5 2 E ø 1141.2 or E ø 2089.57
Checking each possible solution shows that 22 and 2 You would expect to find 10 species of ants at elevations
are extraneous. So, the solutions are 23 and 3. of 1141.2 meters and 2089.57 meters.
72. a. 4l 1 3w 5 900
Problem Solving 3w 5 900 2 4l
2 4
68. h 5 216t 1 V0 t 1 h0  3 l
w 5 300 2 }
2
0 5 216t 2 50t 1 7
}} b. lw 5 12,000
2(250) 6 Ï
(250)2 2 4(216)(7) 
  
t 5 }}}
           12,000
2(216) l5}
  w   
 
w 5 300 2  }3 1 }
4 12,000
  2
}
50 6 Ï
2948     w   
t 5  }
232
 
   
16,000
t ø 23.26 or t ø 0.13 w 5 300 2  }  
w   
Reject the solution 23.26 because the ball’s time in

w 2 5 300w 2 16,000
the air cannot be negative. So the defensive player’s
teammates have about 0.13 second to intercept the ball w 2 2 300w 1 16,000 5 0
}}
before it hits the ground. 2(2300) 6 Ï
(2300)2 2 4(1)(16,000) 
  
w 5  }}}
        
69. C; 2(1)
}
s 5 858t 2 1 1412t 1 4982 300 6 Ï
26,000  
 
w 5 }} 2
      
50,000 5 858t 2 1 1412t 1 4982 }
300 6 20Ï 65   }
0 5 858t 2 1 1412t 2 45,018 w 5  }}  5 150 6 10Ï65  
 
 
2
}}}
21412 6 Ï
(1412)2 2 4(858)(245,018) 
   
w ø 230.62 or w ø 69.38
t 5  }}}    
2(858)
    
12,000
21412 6 Ï
}}
156,495,520   When w ø 230.62: l ø  } ø 52.03
  
230.62
 
t 5 }} 1716
       
12,000
t ø 6.47 or t ø 28.11 When w ø 69.38: l ø  } ø 172.96
  
69.38
Reject the solution 28.11. The number of subscribers The possible dimensions of each section are 230.62
reached 50 million 6 years after 1990, or 1996. feet by 52.03 feet or 69.38 feet by 172.96 feet.
70. a. The motorcycle’s height r when it lands on the ramp is 73. x 5 20t
20 feet. y 5 216t 2 1 21t 1 6
1 1
b. y 5 2 }   x  2 1 }
 4 x 1 20 a.
640
1 t 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
b 2 }4 
x 5 2 }  5  
}      5 80
2a
1 
2 2}
1
2
 640      x 0 5 10 15 20
Because the x-coordinate of the vertex is 80, the y 6 10.25 12.5 12.75 11
distance d between the ramps is 2(80), or 160 feet.
(x, y) (0, 6) (5, 10.25) (10, 12.5) (15, 12.75) (20, 11)
Algebra 2

b. y
2. y ≤ 2x 2 2 3x 1 1 Test (1, 2):
16 y ≤ 2x 2 2 3x 1 1
y
12
2 ?≤ 2(1)2 2 3(1) 1 1

(1, 2) 2÷0✗
8
1
4 21 x
0
0 5 10 15 20 x 3. y < 2x 2 1 4x 1 2 Test (0, 0):
c. No, the player does not make the free throw. The shot y < 2x 2 1 4x 1 2
y
is too high. It goes over the backboard. 0 ?< 2(0)2 1 4(0) 1 2

74. a. h 5 216t 2 1 v0 t 1 921 0 < 2 ✓
The maximum height of 1081 feet occurs at 2
the vertex.
b v0 v0 21 (0, 0) x
t 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }    
2(216)
5} 32  
v0 2
1  2 1 32 2
v 4. y ≥ x 2
  0   1 921 5 1081
 32    1 v0 } 
h 5 216 }
y < 2x 2 1 5
v02 v02
2 }
64
  1 }
 
32
  1 921 5 1081 y
v02
 } 64
  5 160
v02 5 10,240 1
}
x
v0 5 6Ï 10,240  
5 6101 21
The initial velocity is about 101 feet per second.

} 5. 2x 2 1 2x ≤ 3
b. When v0 5 Ï
10,240  
:
}
2x 2 1 2x 2 3 ≤ 0
1081 5 216t 2 1 Ï
10,240  
t 1 921 2x 2 1 2x 2 3 5 0
}
2
0 5 216t 1 Ï
}}
10,240 t 2 160 22 6 Ï
22 2 4(2)(23) 

  
}}}
 
x 5 }}       
2(2)
Ï
} }
6 1 Ï 10,240   
2Ï 10,240   22 2   
4(216)(2160)  }
 
t 5 }}}}           21 6 Ï
7  
2(216)   2   
5}  
} } }
2Ï 10,240  
6Ï 0   232Ï 10   } }
t 5  }}
     
5}  5Ï
 
    10  ø 3.16 21 2 Ï
7  
232 232 x 23   2   
22 } 21
 
The time given by the model is longer than the 2x 2 1 2x 2 3 9 1 0 23

time given in the brochure. The model is not
}
extremely accurate. 21 1 Ï
7  
x 0  }     1
  2
2
Lesson 1.9 Graph and Solve Quadratic 2x 2 1 2x 2 3 23 0 1 9
Inequalities } }
21 2 Ï
7  Ï
 21 1  7   
 ≤ x ≤ } 
 
Guided Practice for the lesson “Graph and The solution of the inequality is  }
2
    .
2
Solve Quadratic Inequalities”
y x ø 0.82 or x ø 21.82
1. y > x 2 1 2x 2 8 Test (0, 0):
y > x 2 1 2x 2 8
2
y
0 ?
(0, 0) 1
> 02 1 2(0) 2 8
21 x 21.82 0.82
2 x
0 > 28 ✓
y 5 2x 2 1 2x 2 3
The solution of the inequality is approximately

21.82 ≤ x ≤ 0.82.
Algebra 2

6. T(x) 5 7.51x 2 2 16.4x 1 35.0, 0 ≤ x ≤ 9 6. y < 2x 2 Test (0, 22):
T(x) ≥ 200 y y < 2x 2
1
2
7.51x 2 16.4x 1 35.0 ≥ 200
22 x
22 < 2(0)2
(0,22)
7.51x 2 2 16.4x 2 165 ≥ 0 22 < 0 ✓

7. y ≥ 4x2 Test (0, 1):

Zero
X=5.9046628 Y=0 y y ≥ 4x 2
1 ≥ 4(0)2
The graph’s x-intercept is about 5.9. The graph lies on 2
or above the x-axis when 5.9 ≤ x ≤ 9. There were at least 1 ≥ 0 ✓
(0, 1)
200 teams participating in the years 1998–2001. 21 x
7. 2x 2 2 7x > 4 2
8. y > x 2 9 Test (0, 0):
2x 2 2 7x 5 4 y y > x 2 2 9
2 2
2x 2 7x 2 4 5 0 (0, 0)

21 x
0 > 02 2 9
(2x 1 1)(x 2 4) 5 0 0 > 29 ✓
1
x 5 2 }2 or x 5 4
1
22
24 23 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
9. y ≤ x 2 1 5x Test (21, 0):
Test x = 21: Test x = 5: y
2
y ≤ x 2 1 5x
2(21)2 2(5)2 2 7(5) 5 15 , 4 (21, 0)
2 7(21) 5 9 , 4
22 x 0 ≤ (21)2 1 5(21)
Test x = 1:
2(1)2 2 7(1) 5 25 ò 4 0 ÷ 24 ✗
1
The solution is x < 2 }2 or x > 4.
10. y < x 2 1 4x 2 5 Test (0, 0):
Exercises for the lesson “Graph and Solve y
y < x 2 1 4x 2 5
2
Quadratic Inequalities”
23 (0, 0) x 0 < 02 1 4(0) 2 5
Skill Practice 0 ñ 25 ✗
1. Sample answer:
Quadratic inequality in one variable:
2x 2 1 7x 2 1 > 0
11. y > x 2 1 7x 1 12 Test (23, 1):
Quadratic inequality in two variables:
y y > x 2 1 7x 1 12
y < 3x 2 1 x 2 4
1 > (23)2 1 7(23) 1 12
2. To solve x 2 1 6x 2 8 < 0 using a table, make a table of
1 > 0 ✓
values and notice which x-values satisfy the inequality.
1
The table must include x-values for which the expression (23, 1)
equals zero. To solve by graphing, find the x-intercepts, 21 x
sketch the parabola, and find the x-values for which 2

12. y ≤ 2x 1 3x 1 10 Test (0, 0):
the graph lies below the x-axis. To solve algebraically,
y y ≤ 2x 2 1 3x 1 10
replace < with 5, solve the equation, plot the solutions
on a number line, and test an x-value in each interval. 0 ≤ 2(0)2 1 3(0) 1 10
3. C; y ≤ x 2 1 4x 1 3 0 ≤ 10 ✓
Because the inequality symbol is ≤, the parabola is solid.
2
(0, 0)
4. A; y > 2x 2 1 4x 2 3 21 x
Because a < 0, the parabola opens down.
5. B; y < x 2 2 4x 1 3
Because a > 0, the parabola opens up.
Algebra 2

13. y ≥ 2x 2 1 5x 2 7 Test (0, 0): 19. The wrong portion of the graph was shaded.
2
4
y y ≥ 2x 1 5x 2 7 Test (0, 3): y
2 2

(0, 0)
0 ≥ 2(0) 1 5(0) 2 7 y ≥ x 1 2

21 x 0 ≥ 27 ✓ 3 ≥ 02 1 2 (0, 3)
3 ≥ 2 ✓ 1
21 x
2 2
20. y ≥ 2x 21. y > 25x
2 y < 2x 2 1 1 y > 3x 2 2 2
14. y ≥ 22x 1 9x 2 4 Test (2, 0):
y y
y y ≥ 22x2 1 9x 2 4 1
2
0 ≥ 22(2)2 1 9(2) 2 4 21 x
0 À 6 ✗ 22 x
1 (2, 0)
21 x 22. y ≥ x 2 2 4 23. y ≤ 2x 2 1 4x 2 4
y ≤ 22x 1 7x 1 4 y < 2x 2 1 x 2 8
2
2
15. y < 4x 2 3x 2 5 Test (0, 0): y y
2
y y < 4x 2 2 3x 2 5
24 x

1 0 < 4(0)2 2 3(0) 2 5
4

21 (0, 0) x 0 ñ 25 ✗
23 x
16. y > 0.1x 2 2 x 1 1.2 Test (4, 1): 24. y > 3x 2 1 3x 2 5 25. y ≥ x 2 2 3x 2 6
y y > 0.1x 2 2 x 1 1.2 y < 2x 2 1 5x 1 10 y ≥ 2x 2 1 7x 1 6

1 > 0.1(4)2 2 4 1 1.2 y y

(4, 1) 1 > 21.2 ✓

1
1 x 2
3
22 x
23 x
2
17. y ≤ 2 }3 x2 1 3x 1 1 Test (0, 0):
y 2
y ≤ 2 }3 x 2 1 3x 1 1
0 ≤ 2 }3 (0)2 1 3(0) 1 1
2 26. x 2 2 5x < 0
1
(0, 0) x 22 21 0 1 2

21 x 0≤1✓
2
x 2 5x 14 6 0 24 26
x 3 4 5 6 7
18. Because the inequality symbol is ≥ , the parabola should
x 2 2 5x 26 24 0 6 14
be solid.
y
The solution of the inequality is 0 < x < 5.
27. x 2 1 2x 2 3 > 0
x 25 24 23 22 21
1
21 x x 2 1 2x 2 3 12 5 0 23 24
x 0 1 2 3
2
x 1 2x 2 3 23 0 5 12
The solution of the inequality is x < 23 or x > 1.
Algebra 2

28. x 2 1 3x ≤ 10 33. 3x 2 2 6x 2 2 ≤ 7
x 2 1 3x 2 10 ≤ 0 3x 2 2 6x 2 9 ≤ 0
x 27 26 25 24 23 22 x 2 2 2x 2 3 ≤ 0
x 23 22 21 0 1 2
x 2 1 3x 2 10 18 8 0 26 210 212
2
x 2 2x 2 3 12 5 0 23 24 23
x 21 0 1 2 3 4
x 3 4 5
x 2 1 3x 2 10 212 210 26 0 8 18
The solution of the inequality is 25 ≤ x ≤ 2. x 2 2 2x 2 3 0 5 12
2
29. x 2 2x ≥ 8 The solution of the inequality is 21 ≤ x ≤ 3.
x2 2 2x 2 8 ≥ 0 34. 2x 2 2 6x 2 9 ≥ 11
2x 2 2 6x 2 20 ≥ 0
x 24 23 22 21 0 1
x 2 2 3x 2 10 ≥ 0
2
x 1 2x 2 8 16 7 0 25 28 29
x 24 23 22 21 0 1
x 2 3 4 5 6 2
x 2 3x 2 10 18 8 0 26 210 212
x 2 1 2x 2 8 28 25 0 7 16
x 2 3 4 5 6 7
The solution of the inequality is x ≤ 22 or x ≥ 4.
30. 2x 2 1 15x 2 50 > 0 x 2 2 3x 2 10 212 210 26 0 8 18
2
x 2 15x 1 50 < 0 The solution of the inequality is x ≤ 22 or x ≥ 5.
x 3 4 5 6 7 8 35. x 2 2 6x < 0 y
2
x 2 6x 5 0
x 2 2 15x 1 50 14 6 0 24 26 26
x(x 2 6) 5 0 0 2 6 x
x 9 10 11 12 x 5 0 or x 5 6 24
x 2 2 15x 1 50 24 0 6 14 The solution of the inequality

is 0 < x < 6.
The solution of the inequality is 5 < x < 10.
31. x 2 2 10x < 216

x 2 2 10x 1 16 < 0 36. x 2 1 8x ≤ 27 y
x x 2 1 8x 1 7 ≤ 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 27 21
x 2 1 8x 1 7 5 0 1 x
x 2 2 10x 1 16 16 7 0 25 28 29
(x 1 7)(x 1 1) 5 0 24
x 6 7 8 9 10 x 5 27 or x 5 21
The solution of the inequality
x 2 2 10x 1 16 28 25 0 7 16
is 27 ≤ x ≤ 21.
The solution of the inequality is 2 < x < 8. 37. x 2 2 4x 1 2 > 0
2
32. x 2 4x > 12 x 2 2 4x 1 2 5 0
2
x 2 4x 2 12 > 0 }}
2(24) 6 Ï
(24)2 2 4(1)(2) 
  
x x 5 }}}
    
    
2(1)
24 23 22 21 0 1
} }
46Ï
8   4 6 2Ï 2   }
x 2 2 4x 2 12 20 9 0 27 212 215 x 5 }  5 }
  2     5 2 6 Ï
  2    2  
x 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x ø 3.41 or x ø 0.59
x 2 2 4x 2 12 216 215 212 27 0 9 20

The solution of the inequality is x < 22 or x > 6.
Algebra 2

y y

1
22.26 21 0.59 x
1
0.59 3.41
21 x
The solution of the inequality is approximately The solution of the inequality is approximately
x < 0.59 or x > 3.41. 22.26 < x < 0.59.
38. x 2 1 6x 1 3 > 0 41. 26x 2 1 19x ≥ 10
x 2 1 6x 1 3 5 0 2
26x 1 19x 2 10 ≥ 0
}}
266Ï 2
6 2 4(1)(3) 
  26x 2 1 19x 2 10 5 0
 
x 5 }} 2(1)
       }}
219 6 Ï
192 2 4(26)(210) 
  
26 6 Ï
}
24   x 5  }}}   
    
2(26)
 
5} 2
   
 
}
} 219 6 Ï
121  
26 6 2Ï 6    5  }
212
   
 
5  }
2
   
 
} 219 6 11
5 23 6 Ï 6   5  }
212
 
   
x ø 20.55 or x ø 25.45 2 5
x 5  }3 or x 5 }
 2 
y
y
25.45 20.55
21 x
23
1
21 2 5 x
3 2

The solution of the inequality is approximately 2
x < 25.45 or x > 20.55. The solution of the inequality is }  5 .
 3 ≤ x ≤ } 
2
39. 3x2 1 2x 2 8 ≤ 0 y 1
4 x
42. 2 }2 x 2 1 4x ≥ 1
3x 2 1 2x 2 8 5 0 22 21
3
22 2x 2 1 8x ≥ 2
(3x 2 4)(x 1 2) 5 0
2x 2 1 8x 2 2 ≥ 0
4
x 5  }3 or x 5 22 2x 2 1 8x 2 2 5 0
The solution of the inequality }}
28 6 Ï
82 2 4(21)(22) 
 4 .
  
is 22 ≤ x ≤ }   
x 5 }} 2(21)
  
    
3
}
2
40. 3x 1 5x 2 3 < 1 28 6 Ï
56  
  22   
5}  
3x 2 1 5x 2 4 < 0 }
28 6 2Ï 14  
3x 2 1 5x 2 4 5 0   22   
5}  
}}
25 6 Ï
52 2 4(3)(24) 
   }
x 5  }}        546Ï
14  
2(3)
} x ø 7.74 or x ø 0.26
25 6 Ï
73  
5  }
6
   
 
x ø 0.59 or x ø 22.26
Algebra 2

y 46. 4x 2 < 25
4x 2 5 25
2
4x 2 25 5 0
(2x 1 5)(2x 2 5) 5 0
5 5
2 x 5 2 }2 or x 5 }
 2 
0.26 3 7.74 x 5 5
22 2
The solution of the inequality is approximately 23 22 21 0 1 2 3

0.26 ≤ x ≤ 7.74. Test x 5 23: Test x 5 0: Test x 5 3:
4(23)2 5 36 ñ 25 4(0)2 5 0 , 25 4(3)2 5 36 ñ 25
43. 4x 2 2 10x 2 7 < 10
5 5
4x 2 2 10x 2 17 < 0 The solution is 2 }2 < x < }
 2 .
4x 2 2 10x 2 17 5 0 47. x 2 1 10x 1 9 < 0
}}
2(210) 6 Ï
(210)2 2 4(4)(217) 
x 2 1 10x 1 9 5 0
  
 
x 5 }}}    
2(4)
    
} } } (x 1 9)(x 1 1) 5 0
10 6 Ï
372   10 6 2Ï93   56Ï
93  
 
5} 8
   
 5}  8
   
 5}  4   
  x 5 29 or x 5 21
x ø 3.66 or x ø 21.16
211 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 0 1
1
y
Test x 5 210: Test x 5 0:
21.16 3.66 (210)2 1 10(210) 1 9 5 9 ñ 0 (0)2 1 10(0) 1 9 5 9 ñ 0
1 x
Test x 5 25:
(25)2 1 10(25) 1 9 5 216 , 0
The solution is 29 < x < 21.

48. x 2 2 11x ≥ 228
x 2 2 11x 5 228
2
x 2 11x 1 28 5 0
The solution of the inequality is approximately
(x 2 7)(x 2 4) 5 0
21.16 < x < 3.66
x 5 7 or x 5 4
44. A;

3x 2 2 x 2 4 > 0 21 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2
3x 2 x 2 4 5 0 Test x 5 0: Test x 5 8:
02 2 11(0) 5 0 228 82 2 11(8) 5 224 228
(3x 2 4)(x 1 1) 5 0 Test x 5 5:
4 52 2 11(5) 5 230 à 228
x 5  }3 or x 5 21
The solution is x ≤ 4 or x ≥ 7.
4
3
49. 3x 2 2 13x > 10
23 22 21 0 1 2 3 3x 2 2 13x 5 10
Test x 5 22: Test x 5 2: 2
3(22)2 2 (22) 2 4 5 10 . 0 3(2)2 2 2 2 4 5 6 . 0
3x 2 13x 2 10 5 0
Test x 5 0: (3x 1 2)(x 2 5) 5 0
3(0)2 2 0 2 4 5 24 ò 0
2
4 x 5 2 }3 or x 5 5
The solution is x < 21 or x > }
 3 .
2
45. B; 23
2x 2 1 9x ≤ 56 → 2x 2 1 9x 2 56 ≤ 0 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2 Test x 5 21: Test x 5 6:
2x 1 9x 2 56 5 0
3(21)2 2 13(21) 5 16 . 10 3(6)2 2 13(6) 5 30 . 10
(2x 2 7)(x 1 8) 5 0 Test x 5 0:
3(0)2 2 13(0) 5 0 ò 10
x 5 3.5 or x 5 28
3.5 2
The solution is x < 2 }3 or x > 5.
210 28 26 24 22 0 2 4 6
2(29)2 1 9(29) 5 81 Ü 56 2(4)2 1 9(4) 5 68 Ü 56
Test x 5 0:
2(0)2 2 9(0) 5 0 56
The solution is 28 ≤ x ≤ 3.5.
Algebra 2

50. 2x 2 2 5x 2 3 ≤ 0 54. 23x 2 1 10x > 22
2x 2 2 5x 2 3 5 0 23x 2 1 10x 5 22
(2x 1 1)(x 2 3) 5 0 23x 2 1 10x 1 2 5 0
}}
1 210 6 Ï
102 2 4(23)(2) 
  
x 5 2 }2 or x 5 3  
x 5 }} 2(23)
  
    
1 }
22
210 6 Ï
124  
 
5} 26
   
 
22 21 0 1 2 3 4
}
Test x 5 21: Test x 5 4: 56Ï
31  
  3   
5}  
2(21)2 2 5(21) 2 3 5 4 Ü 0 2(4)2 2 5(4) 2 3 5 9 Ü 0
Test x 5 0:
2(0)2 2 5(0) 2 3 5 23 0
x ø 3.52 or x ø 20.19
20.19 3.52
1
The solution is 2 }2 ≤ x ≤ 3. 23 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
51. 4x 2 1 8x 2 21 ≥ 0 23(21)2 1 10(21) 5 213 ò 22 23(4)2 1 10(4) 5 28 ò 22
4x 2 1 8x 2 21 5 0 Test x 5 0:
23(0)2 1 10(0) 5 0 . 22
(2x 1 7)(2x 2 3) 5 0
The solution is approximately 20.19 < x < 3.52.
7 3
x 5 2 }2 or x 5 }
 2  55. 22x 2 2 7x ≥ 4

7
22
3
2
22x 2 2 7x 5 4
25 24 23 22 21 0 1 2 3
22x 2 2 7x 2 4 5 0
}}
Test x 5 24: Test x 5 2: 2(27) 6 Ï (27)2 2 4(22)(24) 
  
4(24)2 1 8(24) 2 21 5 11 0 4(2)2 1 8(2) 2 21 5 11 0  
x 5 }}}   
    
2(22)
Test x 5 0: }
76Ï 17  
4(0)2 1 8(0) 2 21 5 221 à 0 5  }
24
    
7
 3 .
The solution is x ≤ 2 }2 or x ≥ }  x ø 22.78 or x ø 20.72
2
2
52. 24x 2 x 1 3 ≤ 0 22.78 20.72
24x 2 2 x 1 3 5 0 24 23 22 21 0 1
2 Test x 5 23: Test x 5 0:

4x 1 x 2 3 5 0 22(23)2 2 7(23) 5 3 à 4 22(0)2 2 7(0) 5 0 à 4

(4x 2 3)(x 1 1) 5 0 Test x 5 21:
22(21)2 2 7(21) 5 5 4
3 The solution is approximately 22.78 ≤ x ≤ 20.72.
x 5  }4 or x 5 21
3 56. 3x 2 1 1 < 15x
4
3x 2 1 1 5 15x
24 23 22 21 0 1 2
3x 2 2 15x 1 1 5 0
24(22)2 2 (22) 1 3 5 211 0 24(1)2 2 1 1 3 5 22 0 }}
2(215) 6 Ï
(215)2 2 4(3)(1) 
  
Test x 5 0: x 5  }}}
   
    
24(0)2 2 0 1 3 5 3 Ü 0 2(3)
}
15 6 Ï 213  
 3 .
The solution is x ≤ 21 or x ≥ }  5  }    
 
4 6
53. 5x 2 2 6x 2 2 ≤ 0 x ø 4.93 or x ø 0.07
2
5x 2 6x 2 2 5 0 0.07 4.93
}}
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2(26) 6 Ï 2 22 21
} }
(26) 2 4(5)(22) 
   6 6 Ï 76   3 6 Ï19  
x 5 }}}
     
2(5)
    5 }
  10   
 5 }
  5   
  Test x 5 21: Test x 5 1: Test x 5 5:
3(21)2 1 1 , 15(21) 3(1)2 1 1 , 15(1) 3(5)2 1 1 , 15(5)
x ø 1.47 or x ø 20.27 4 ñ 215 4 , 15 76 ñ 75
20.27 1.47 The solution is approximately 0.07 < x < 4.93.

23 22 21 0 1 2 3
5(21)2 2 6(21) 2 2 5 9 Ü 0 5(2)2 2 6(2) 2 2 5 6 Ü 0
Test x 5 0:
5(0)2 2 6(0) 2 2 5 22 0
The solution is approximately 20.27 ≤ x ≤ 1.47.
Algebra 2

57. 6x 2 2 5 > 8x 60. 4x 2 1 11x 1 3 ≥ 23
6x 2 2 5 5 8x 4x 2 1 11x 1 6 ≥ 0
2
6x 2 8x 2 5 5 0 4x 2 1 11x 1 6 5 0
2(28) 6 Ï
}}
(28)2 2 4(6)(25) 
  
(4x 1 3)(x 1 2) 5 0
x 5  }}}
   
2(6)
     3
x 5 2 }4 or x 5 22
}
86Ï
184   3
5  }
12

   
  24
}
46Ï
46   23 22 21 0 1 2
5  }
6
 
   
4(23)2 1 11(23) 1 3 23 4(0)2 1 11(0) 1 3 23
x ø 1.8 or x ø 20.46 6 23 3 23
20.46 1.8 Test x 5 21:
4(21)2 1 11(21) 1 3 23
22 21 0 1 2 3 24 à 23
Test x 5 21: Test x 5 0: Test x 5 2: 3
6(21)2 2 5 . 8(21) 6(0)2 2 5 . 8(0) 6(2)2 2 5 . 8(2) The solution is x ≤ 22 or x ≥ 2 }4 .
1 . 28 25 ò 0 19 . 16
61. 2x 2 2 2x 2 1 > 2
The solution is approximately x < 20.46 or x > 1.8.
2x 2 2 2x 2 3 > 0
58. a.
Y1=7.51X2-16.4X+35.0 2x 2 2 2x 2 3 5 0
Y2=100
Y3=
Y4= y here is no value of x for
T
Y5=
Y6= 21
1 x which y > 0, so there is no real
Y7=
solution to the inequality.
b–c.
Intersection 62. 23x 2 1 4x 2 5 ≤ 2

X=4.2299219 Y=100
23x 2 1 4x 2 7 ≤ 0
(4.2, 100) 23x 2 1 4x 2 7 5 0
d. There were more than 100 teams participating in the y very value of x satisfies the
E
years 1997–2001. 1 x inequality y ≤ 0, so the solution
21
The graph of y 5 7.51x 2 2 16.4x 1 35.0 lies above the to the inequality is all real
graph of y 5 100 when 4.2 < x ≤ 9. numbers.
59. 8x 2 2 3x 1 1 < 10
8x 2 2 3x 2 9 < 0
8x 2 2 3x 2 9 5 0
}}
2(23) 6 Ï
(23)2 2 4(8)(29) 
  
 
x 5 }}}   
2(8)
    
}
3 6 Ï297  
5  }
16
 
   
}
3 6 3Ï 33   63. x 2 2 7x 1 4 > 5x 2 2
5  }
16
 
   
x 2 2 12x 1 6 > 0
x ø 1.26 or x ø 20.89 x 2 2 12x 1 6 5 0
20.89 1.26 }}
2(212) 6 Ï
(212)2 2 4(1)(6) 
  
22 21 0 1 2 3  
x 5 }}}   
    
2(1)
} }
8(21)2 2 3(21) 1 1 , 10 8(2)2 2 3(2) 1 1 , 10 12 6 Ï
120   12 6 2Ï 30   }
12 ñ 10 Test x 5 0: 27 ñ 10  
x5} 2
   
 5}  2
   566Ï
  30  
8(0)2 2 3(0) 1 1 , 10
1 , 10 x ø 11.48 or x ø 0.52
The solution is approximately 20.89 < x < 1.26. 0.52 11.48
24 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
The solution is approximately x < 0.52 or x > 11.48.
Algebra 2

2
64. 2x 2 1 9x 2 1 ≥ 23x 1 1 69. A 5  }3 bh
2x 2 1 12x 2 2 ≥ 0 a. y ≤ 2x 2 1 4x, y ≥ 0
2
2x 1 12x 2 2 5 0 y 5 2x 2 1 4x
x 2 1 6x 2 1 5 0 x-intercepts: 0 5 2x 2 1 4x
}}
26 6 Ï 2
6 2 4(1)(21) 
   0 5 2x(x 2 4)
 
x 5 }} 2(1)
      
x 5 0 or x 5 4
} }
26 6 Ï
40   26 6 2Ï 10   }
So, the base b 5 4 2 0 5 4.
x 5  }
2
   5 }
    2
   5 23 6 Ï
  10  
b 4
x 5 2 }  5 2 } 5 2
    
x ø 0.16 or x ø 26.16 2a 2(21)
26.16 0.16 y 5 2(2)2 1 4(2) 5 4
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 Therefore, h 5 4.
The solution is approximately x ≤ 26.16 or x ≥ 0.16. 2
 3 (4)(4) ø 10.67 square units
A 5 }
65. 3x 2 2 2x 1 1 ≤ 2x 2 1 1
b. y ≥ x 2 2 4x 2 5, y ≤ 3
4x 2 2 2x ≤ 0
Find the x-values for which y 5 3.
4x 2 2 2x 5 0
x 2 2 4x 2 5 5 3
2x(2x 2 1) 5 0
x 2 2 4x 2 8 5 0
1 }}
 2 
x 5 0 or x 5 } 2(24) 6 Ï
(24)2 2 4(1)(28) 
  
1
 
x 5 }}}   
    
2(1)
2
}
46Ï
48   }
22 21 0 1 5  }
2
 5 2 6 2Ï3  
   
 1 .
} } }
The solution is approximately 0 ≤ x ≤ }  So, the base b 5 (2 1 2Ï 3  ) 2 (2 2 2Ï 3  ) 5 4Ï 3 . 
2
b (24)
66. 5x 2 1 x 2 7 < 3x 2 2 4x x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }  
2(1)
5 2
2x 2 1 5x 2 7 < 0
y 5 2 2 2 4(2) 2 8 5 212
2
2x 1 5x 2 7 5 0
So, h 5 12.
(2x 1 7)(x 2 1) 5 0 2 } }
 3 (4Ï3 )  (12) 5 32Ï3  square units
A 5 }
7

x 5 1 or x 5 2 }2 

7
22 Problem Solving
24 23 22 21 0 1 2
70. W ≤ 8000d 2 W
7 Test (0, 4): 160,000

The solution is 2 }2 < x < 1.
Weight (pounds)
W ≤ 8000d 2
4 ?
120,000
67. 6x 2 2 5x 1 2 < 23x 2 1 x ≤ 8000(0)2
9x 2 2 6x 1 2 < 0 4 ÷ 0 ✗ 80,000
9x 2 2 6x 1 2 5 0 40,000
y here is no value of x for
T
which y < 0, so there is no real 0
0 1 2 3 4 d
solution to the inequality. Diameter (inches)
71. W ≤ 115x 2 w
Test (0, 2): 2400

Weight (pounds)
1 2
W ≤ 115x
1800
2 ?
1 x
≤ 115(0)2
68. Sample answer: x 2 2 3x > 10 2 ÷ 0 ✗
1200
600
0
0 1 2 3 4 x
Thickness (inches)
Algebra 2

72. y 5 20.00211x 2 1 1.06x c. The solution of the inequality is 272.71 < x < 962.71.
y > 52 This, however, is not a reasonable solution because
it contains negative values and x-values that are too
20.00211x 2 1 1.06x > 52
large. The driver’s age cannot be represented by a
20.00211x 2 1 1.06x 2 52 > 0 negative number or a number as large as the graph
indicates. Therefore, the domain restriction provides
a reasonable solution.

Zero Zero
X=55.099977 Y=0 X=447.26969 Y=0
The graph lies above the x-axis when 55.1 < x < 447.27.
The arch is above the road between 55.1 meters and
447.27 meters. d. Because a driver’s reaction time to audio stimuli is
2 less than his or her reaction time to visual stimuli, the
73. L(x) 5 0.00170x 1 0.145x 1 2.35, 0 ≤ x ≤ 40
driver would likely react more quickly to the siren of an
L(x) > 10 approaching ambulance.
2
0.00170x 1 0.145x 1 2.35 > 10 75. y 5 20.0540x 2 1 1.43x
0.00170x 2 1 0.145x 2 7.65 > 0
}}}
a. 20.0540x 2 1 1.43x < 8
20.145 6 Ï
(0.145)2 2 4(0.00170)(27.65) 
   
20.0540x 2 1 1.43x 2 8 < 0
x 5 }}}}
     
2(0.00170)
    
20.0540x 2 1 1.43x 2 8 5 0
}
20.145 6 Ï
0.073045   }}}
 
5 }} 0.0034
  
    21.43 6 Ï
1.432 2 4(20.0540)(28) 
  
x 5 }}}
     
2(20.0540)
    
x ø 36.84 or x ø 2122.14 }
21.43 6 Ï
0.3169  
Reject the negative solution, 122.14. 5  }}   
20.108
   
36.84 x ø 8.03 or x ø 18.45
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 8.03 18.45
Test x 5 37:
0.00170(37)2 1 0.145(37) 1 2.35 ø 10.04 . 10 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
0.00170(5)2 1 0.145(5) 1 2.35 ø 3.12 ò 10 20.0540(7)2 1 1.43(7) ø 7.36 , 8
Test x 5 10:
The larvae’s length tends to be greater than 10 millimeters 20.0540(10)2 1 1.43(10) 5 8.9 ñ 8
Test x 5 19:
between 37 and 40 days old. The domain restricts 20.0540(19)2 1 1.43(19) ø 7.68 , 8
our solutions. Because the given domain is
The ball is low enough to go into the goal if it is
0 ≤ x ≤ 40, the solution cannot include ages beyond
kicked from a distance less than 8.03 feet or more than
40 days.
18.45 feet.
74. A(x) 5 0.0051x 2 2 0.319x 1 15, 16 ≤ x ≤ 70
b. No, the player will not score a goal because the ball will
V(x) 5 0.005x 2 2 0.23x 1 22, 16 ≤ x ≤ 70 be too high and will go over the goal.
a. 0.0051x 2 2 0.319x 1 15 < 0.005x 2 2 0.23x 1 22 76. y 5 20.0625x 2 1 1.25x 1 5.75
2
0.0001x 2 0.089x 2 7 < 0 a. y 5 20.0625x 2 1 1.25x 1 5.75
b. b 1.25
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 }     
2(20.0625)
5 10
x 16 22 28 34
y 5 20.0625(10)2 1 1.245(10) 1 5.75 5 12
2
0.0001x 2 0.089x 2 7 28.4 28.91 29.41 29.91 Vertex: (10, 12)
Assuming that the truck travels exactly through the
x 40 46 52
middle of the arch, the top corners of the truck will be
0.0001x 2 2 0.089x 2 7 210.4 210.88 211.36 7 7
located at x 5 10 2  }2 5 6.5 and x 5 10 1 }
 2 5 13.5.
x 58 64 70 x 5 6.5: 20.0625(6.5)2 1 1.25(6.5) 1 5.75 ø 11.23

x 5 13.5: 20.0625(13.5)2 1 1.25(13.5) 1 5.75 ø 11.23
0.0001x 2 2 0.089x 2 7 211.83 212.29 212.74
The truck will fit under the arch with about 0.23 foot,
The solution of the inequality on the given domain is or 2.76 inches, of clearance on each side.
16 ≤ x ≤ 70.
Algebra 2

b. 20.0625x 2 1 1.25x 1 5.75 5 11 3. 3x 2 1 5x 1 4 5 0
20.0625x 2 1 1.25x 2 5.25 5 0 25 6 Ï
}}
52 2 4(3)(4)  25 6 Ï
} }
223   25 1 iÏ 23  
21.25 6 Ï
}}}
2
1.25 2 4(20.0625)(25.25) 
   
x 5 }}
  2(3)
 
    
5  }
6
  
5  }
  6
  
 
x 5  }}}    
2(20.0625)
     } }
25 1 iÏ23   25 2 iÏ23  
21.25 6 0.5 The solutions are }
  6
   
 and }
  6
  . 
 
  20.125   
x5}  
4. y < 23x 2 5. y > 2x2 1 2x
x 5 6 or x 5 14
Test (0, 21): Test (1, 21):
The maximum width that a truck 11 feet tall can have
and still make it under the arch is 14 2 6 5 8 feet. y < 23x 2 y > 2x 2 1 2x
c. The maximum height that a truck 7 feet wide can have < 23(21)2 21 ?
21 ? > 212 1 2(1)
and still make it under the arch is 11.23 feet, as shown 21 < 23 ✓ 21 ò 1 ✗
in part (a). 1
y
1
y
2
77. W(x) 5 0.1x 2 0.5x 2 5 1 x 1 x
a. 0.1x 2 2 0.5x 2 5 ≥ 20
(0, 21) (1, 21)
0.1x 2 2 0.5x 2 25 ≥ 0
0.1x 2 2 0.5x 2 25 5 0
}}
2(20.5) 6 Ï
(20.5)2 2 4(0.1)(225) 
  
x 5  }}}
   
    
2(0.1)
}
6. y ≥ 2x 2 1 2x 1 3 7. 0 ≥ x2 1 5
0.5 6 Ï
10.25   Test (0, 0): x2 1 5 5 0
x 5  }}
0.2
   
 
2
y ≥ 2x 1 2x 1 3 x2 5 25
x ø 18.51 or x ø 213.51
0 ?
}
≥ 202 1 2(0) 1 3 x56Ï
25  
Reject the negative solution.
0 ò 3 ✗ x 5 6 5i
Ice that has a thickness of 18.51 inches or more can
support a weight of 20 tons. y No real solutions
b. Both w and x must be nonnegative, so the minimum
x-value is the least nonnegative x-value for which
1
w(x) ≥ 0. This is the positive x-intercept of the graph (0, 0)
1 x
of w(x), x 5 10.

Quiz for the lessons “Use the Quadratic
Formula and the Discriminant”, “Graph and 8. 12 ≤ x2 2 7x
Solve Quadratic Inequalities” and “Write 0 ≤ x2 2 7x 2 12
Quadratic Functions and Models”
x2 2 7x 2 12 5 0
1. x 2 2 4x 1 5 5 0 }}
2(27) 6 Ï
(27)2 2 4(1)(212) 
}
}}    7 6 Ï 97  
2(24) 6 Ï
(24)2 2 4(1)(5) 
    
x 5 }}}    
2(1)
     5  } 2
    
 
x 5 }}} 2(1)
      
}
4 6 Ï24   x ø 8.42 or x ø 21.42
5  }
2
 
   
21.42 8.42
526i
24 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
The solutions are 2 1 i and 2 2 i.
2. 2x2 2 8x 1 1 5 0 12 (22)2 2 7(22) 12 (9)2 2 7(9)
}} 12 18 Test x 5 0: 12 18
2(28) 6 Ï
(28)2 2 4(2)(1) 
   12 (0)2 2 7(0)
 
x 5 }}}        12 Ü 0
2(2)
} } }
The solution is approximately x ≤ 21.42 or x ≥ 8.42.
86Ï 56   8 6 2Ï 14   Ï14  
5  }
4
     5  }4
    5 2 6 }
  2   
  9. 2x 2 1 2 > 25x
2
} 2x 1 5x 1 2 > 0
Ï 14  
The solutions are x 5 2 1 }  ø 3.87 and
  2    2x2 1 5x 1 2 5 0
}
Ï14   }}
x 5 2 2  }
2
   ø 0.13. 25 6 Ï
52 2 4(2)(2)  25 6 Ï
9  
}
25 6 3
      
x 5  }}  
5}  5 }
   
2(2)
     
  4 4
x 5 20.5 or x 5 22
Algebra 2

20.5 c. Because the y-coordinate of the vertex is 5, the bean
23 22 21 0 1 2 bag’s maximum height is 5 feet.
Test x 5 23: Test x 5 0: 2. a. What is the equation of the function f(x) in the graph?
2(23)2 1 2 . 25(23) 2(0)2 1 2 . 25(0) The vertex of the parabola is at (0, 0) the parabola
20 . 15 2.0
Test x 5 21: goes through the points (1, 1), (2, 4), and (3, 9), so the
2(21)2 1 2 . 25(21) equation is f(x) 5 x2.
4ò5
b. The shape of f(x) and g(x) are the same, but the vertex
The solution is x < 22 or x > 20.5.
of g(x) is 2 units above and 1 unit right of the vertex of
10. a 5 2; b 5 23; c 5 10 f(x). So shifting the graph up by 2 units and right by 1
b2 2 4ac 5 (23)2 24(2)(10) 5 9 2 80 5 271 unit will transform f(x) into g(x).
Since b2 2 4ac < 0, then the quadratic equation has two c. Since the vertex of g(x) is (1, 2), then h = 1 and k = 2.
imaginary solutions. y = a(x 2 h)2 1 k
11. a 5 21; b 5 24; c 5 24 g(x) = (x 2 1)2 1 2
b2 2 4ac 5 (24)2 24(21)(24) 5 16216 5 0 3. a.
Since b2 2 4ac 5 0, then the quadratic equation has
one real solution.
12. a 5 1; b 5 0; c 5 26
b 2 4ac 5 02 24(1)(26) 5 0124 5 24
2
Since b2 2 4ac > 0, then the quadratic equation has two

real solutions. b. The data follows the shape of a parabola that opens
upward. A quadratic equation would best model this
13. h 5 216t 2 1 vo 1 h0
shape.
0 5 216t 2 1 30t 1 5
c. No; a quadratic equation would rise again, but the
}}
230 6 Ï
302 2 4(216)(5) 
   price of the part will likely level off, rather than rise
t 5 }}
  2(216)
 
      again.
} 4. Sample answers: imaginary
230 6 Ï
1220  
5  }}
232
 
     225i
t ø 20.15 or t ø 2.03
215 1 20i 5i
Reject the solution 20.15 because the ball’s time in the real
20 1 15i 25
air cannot be negative. So, the ball is in the air for about
2.03 seconds.
Mixed Review of Problem Solving for the

lessons “Perform Operations with Complex
Numbers”, “Complete the Square”, “Use the 5. (5 2 9i)(5 1 9i) 5 25 1 45i 2 45i 2 81i2
Quadratic Formula and the Discriminant”, and
“Graph and Solve Quadratic Inequalities” 5 25 2 81(21) 5 106
2 6. Find the length of the base by finding the distance
1. a. y 5 20.12x 1 1.2x 1 2
between the x-intercepts.
y 5 20.12(x2 2 10x) 1 2
0 5 20.63x2 1 3.17x
y 1 (20.12)(25) 5 20.12(x2 2 10x 1 25) 1 2
a 5 20.63; b 5 3.17; c 5 0
y 2 3 5 20.12(x 2 5)2 1 2 —
23.17 6 √
3.172 2 4(20.63)(0) 
   
y 5 20.12(x 2 5)2 1 5 x 5 ___
     
2(20.63)     
b. Vertex: (5, 5)
—
x 5 0: y 5 20.12(0 2 5)2 1 5 5 2; (0, 2) 23.17 6 √
3.172  
y
5 __
  21.26  
  
5
x 5 0 and x ø 5.03
4
The distance between the x-intercepts is about 5.03 units.
Height (ft)
3 Since each unit is equal to 2 inches, the length of the base is

5.03 ? 2 = 10.06, or about 10.1 inches.
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 x
Horizontal position (ft)
Algebra 2

7. a. h 5 216t 2 1 V0 t 1 h0
h 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 5
8. Area of Length Width Area of
paper of white of white stripes
b. 3 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 5 2 part p part 5 (square
(square
0 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 2 (inches) (inches) inches)
}} inches)
250 6 Ï
502 2 4(216)(2) 
}
250 6 Ï
2628   1
2 (8 2 x) p (5 2 x) 5  }3 (5 p 8)
  
t 5  }}      5 }}         5(8)
2(216) 232
1
t ø 20.04 or t ø 3.16 40 2 (8 2 x)(5 2 x) 5  }3 (40)
Reject the negative solution. The ball is in the air for
40
about 3.16 seconds.  3  
40 2 (8 2 x)(5 2 x) 5 }
c. 1. Complete the square to rewrite the function in
40
vertex form. 40 2 (40 2 8x 2 5x 1 x 2) 5 }
 3  
h 5 216t 2 1 50t 1 5 40
x 2 2 13x 1 }
 3  5 0
h 5 2161 t 2 2 }
 8  t 21 5
25
3x 2 2 39x 1 40 5 0
h 1 (216)1  }    5 2161 t 2 2  }  t 1 }

 256   21 5
25 625
256 2
625 }}
8 2(239) 6 Ï
(239)2 2 4(3)(40) 
   39 6 Ï
}
1041  
x 5  }}}
   
    5 }
     
 
2(3) 6
  5 2161 t 2 }
25 2
 16   2 1 5
625
h 2  }
16 x ø 11.88 or x ø 1.12
You must reject the solution 11.88 because 11.88 inches
h 5 2161 t 2 }
25 2
 16  2 1 }
705
 16  
exceeds the dimensions of the paper. The width x of the
705 stripes will be 1.12 inches.
 16  5 44.1 feet.
The maximum height of the ball is }
9. 3x 2 1 5x 2 2 5 0
2. Find the t-coordinate of the vertex and use it to find b2 2 4ac 5 52 2 4(3)(22) 5 49
the h-coordinate of the vertex.
Chapter Review for the chapter “Quadratic
b 50
t 5 2 }
2a
 2(216)
  5 2 } ø 1.56
     Functions and Factoring”
h 5 216(1.56)2 1 50(1.56) 1 5 ø 44.1 1. To determine whether a function has a maximum value
or a minimum value, look at the coefficient a of the x 2

The maximum height of the ball is about 44.1 feet.
term. If a < 0, the function has a maximum value. If
3. Use the maximum feature of a graphing calculator. a > 0, the function has a minimum value.
The maximum height of the ball is about 44.1 feet. 2. A pure imaginary number is a complex number a 1 bi
where a 5 0 and b Þ 0.
3. A function of the form y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k is written in
vertex form.
4. Sample answer: y 5 4x 2 2 2x 1 7
Maximum
X=1.5625004 Y=44.0625 b2 2 4ac 5 (22)2 2 4(4)(7) 5 2108
5. y 5 x 2 1 2x 2 3
b 2
x 5 2 }
2a
   5 2 }    5 21
2(1)
y 5 (21)2 1 2(21) 2 3 5 24
Vertex: (21, 24) y
x 5 21
Axis of symmetry : x 5 21
2
x 5 1:
2 x
y 5 12 1 2(1) 2 3 5 0; (1,0)
(21, 24)
Algebra 2

6. y 5 23x 2 1 12x 2 7
b 212
x 5 2 }
2a
 2(23)   
   5 } 52
y 5 23(2)2 1 12(2) 2 7 5 5
Vertex: (2, 5) y (2, 5)
x52
1
x 5 1:
21 x
y 5 23(1)2 1 12(1) 2 7
5 2; (1, 2)
7. f(x) 5 2x 2 2 2x 2 6
b (22)
x 5 2 }
2a
  5 2 } 
2(21)
  
5 21
f (21) 5 2(21)2 2 2(21) 2 6 5 25

Vertex: (21, 25) x 5 21 y
2
22 x
y-intercept: 26; (0, 26) (21, 25)
x 5 1:
f (1) 5 212 2 2(1) 2 6
5 29; (1, 29)
8. y 5 (x 2 1)(x 1 5) x 5 22 y
2
x-intercepts: p 5 1 and q 5 25 21 x
p1q 1 1 (25)
x 5 }
  2   
 5 }
  2    5 22
y 5 (22, 21)(22 1 5) 5 29
(22, 29)
Vertex: (22, 29)
Algebra 2

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Chapter 1 Quadratic Functions and Factoring

14. 6(x 2 5) 5 4(2x 2 1)

f(x) Both graphs open up and have

Vertex: (1,22) (1, 22)

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 1 5/19/11 6:17:15 PM

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 2 5/19/11 6:17:15 PM

symmetry. However, the

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 3 5/19/11 6:17:16 PM

x 5 21 Axis of symmetry: x 5 2​ }3 ​

Vertex: ​1 } ​ 8 ​ 2​

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 4 5/19/11 6:17:17 PM

Axis of symmetry: x 5 21 The minimum value is f (x) 5 21.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 5 5/19/11 6:17:18 PM

b b Vertex: (3, 0.75)

46. B; y 5 0.5x 2 2 2x 1 3 y-intercept: 21; (0, 21) x 5 27

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 6 5/19/11 6:17:19 PM

R(15) 5 24(15)2 1 120(15) 1 4000 5 4900 P (x) 1562.5

Price: 1 1 0.05x → c. P(x)

increase the daily revenue to $4900.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 7 5/19/11 6:17:20 PM

“Graph Quadratic Functions in Standard a 5 21, h 5 1, k 5 5

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

function is h(x) 5 22.5 and Axis of symmetry: x 5 5

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 8 5/19/11 6:17:21 PM

5 23(x 1 5)(x 1 5) 2 1 (23, 5)

5 23(x2 1 5x 1 5x 1 25) 2 1 Vertex: (23, 5)

5 2(x 1 2)(x 1 2) 1 4 5 2; (6, 2) 2 x

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 9 5/19/11 6:17:22 PM

x 5 0: y 5 2(0 1 1)2 2 3 23 x y 5 (1 1 1)(1 2 3) 5 24

5 27; (0, 27) (24, 212)

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y 5 (0 1 3)(0 2 3) 5 29 (0, 29)

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 10 5/19/11 6:17:23 PM

Vertex: (25, 16) x-intercepts: p 5 6 and q 5 24

27. y 5 23(x 2 2)(x 2 4)

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 11 5/19/11 6:17:23 PM

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y 5 2(9 2 36)(9 1 18) 5 729

The maximum value is y 5 243.

The minimum value is y 5 2450.

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 12 5/19/11 6:17:24 PM

Vertex: ​1 } ​ 5 ​ 2​

Vertex: 1​ 2} ​ 16 ​ 2​

a 5 28, h 5 23.2, k 5 6.4 13

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 13 5/19/11 6:17:25 PM

5 a(x2 2 qx 2 px 1 pq) y 5 20.652(13.58 2 5.35)(13.58 2 21.8) ø 44.11

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CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 14 5/19/11 6:17:26 PM

0 5 (x 2 200)(x 1 1500) 5 (c 1 14)2

x 5 200 or x 5 21500 5 (n 1 7)2

width should each be increased by 200 meters. The new 5 (s 2 13)2

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 15 5/19/11 6:17:26 PM

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

u(u 1 9) 5 0 0 5 x 2 1 22x 2 240

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 16 5/19/11 6:17:27 PM

CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 17 5/19/11 6:17:27 PM

Problem Solving 69. New area New length New width

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CS10_CC_A2_MEWO710648_C1.indd 18 5/19/11 6:17:28 PM

Lesson 1.4 Solve ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0

(kx 1 m)(lx 1 n) (3x 1 6)(x 2 2) (3x 2 2)(x 1 6)

f(x) Both graphs open up and have

x 5 21 Axis of symmetry: x 5 2 }3 

Vertex: 1 }  8   2

Vertex: 1 }  5  2

Vertex: 1 2}  16  2

A pressure of 30 lb/ft2 A pressure of 30 lb/ft 2 is

The vertex is 1 2}