Department of Education

7
National Capital Region
S CHOOLS DIVIS ION OFFICE
MARIK INA CITY

ENGLISH
First Quarter – Module 5
Direct and Reported Speech

Writer: Cristina S. Barde

Illustrator: Marexcza Z. Salinas
Layout Artist: Shiela Mae A. Cancino

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 What I Need to Know

Hello, Grade 7 learners! In this fifth module for the 1st grading period, you
will learn how to:

Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts.

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you can
already:

1. define direct and reported speech;

2. punctuate and identify the sentence as direct or reported speech;
3. form direct statements based on the given situation;
4. convert direct speech to reported speech and vice-versa.

What I Know

Change the direct speech into reported speech and vice versa. Encircle
the letter of the correct answer.

1. “Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese,” Jorge said.

A. Jorge bombed the Pearl Harbor said the Japanese.
B. The Japanese said that the Pearl Harbor bombed Jorge.
C. The Pearl Harbor said that Jorge bombed the Japanese.
D. Jorge said that Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese.

2. The President mentioned that the surprise attack had a disastrous

effect.
A. “The effect was surprised by the president,” the president mentioned.
B. “The surprise attack had a disastrous effect,” the president mentioned.
C. “The president was surprised by the attack,” the president mentioned.
D. “The president had a disastrous effect to the attack,” the president
mentioned.

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3. “There are many wounded patients in the hospital,” the doctor stated.
A. The doctor stated that there are patients in the wounded hospital.
B. The doctor stated that there were many wounded patients in the
hospital.
C. The doctor stated that there are many doctors in the hospital as
patients.
D. The doctor stated that there are many hospitals for the wounded
patients.

4. What is direct speech?

______________________________________________________________________________

5. What is a reported speech?

________________________________________________________________________

Lesson
Direct and Reported Speech
5

What’s In

Last time, you studied about Past and Past Perfect Tenses. Can you still
remember them?

Click on the link below and answer the exercises.

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex03

Circle the correct tense of the verb (Simple Past and Past Perfect) in the
sentences that follow.

1. He (asked, had asked) the president about his message before he delivered
his speech.
2. When they held the conference, the Japanese (attacked, had attacked) the
mainland.
3. The Japanese (bombed, had bombed) the Pearl Harbor.
4. Manuel L. Quezon (knew, had known) that the fortress of Corregidor had
been built as the last stronghold of the American Forces in the Philippines.
5. The Filipinos (found, had found) a safe refuge in the middle of the forest.

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 In today’s lesson, you will learn how to use direct and reported speech
appropriately in varied contexts.

What’s New

A. Before Reading Activity

Have you experienced relaying the exact speech of the person you are talking to
the other people? How did you say it?

Remember that when you give the exact words of the speaker or writer,
you are giving a direct quotation or direct speech. Read the conversation below
and study carefully how the lines are written.

B. During Reading Activity

Analyze the following conversations between Mang Cesar and Pare
Crispin from the story, “Hunger in Barok” by NVM Gonzales.

“We hauled the Pare Crispin said

ipil trees.” that they had
hauled the ipil trees.

“I did not eat this The child stated that he

morning,” the child had not eaten that
stated. morning.

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C. Post Reading Activity

Let’s analyze:

1. What do you observe in the dialog of Mang Cesar? Pare Crispin?

__________________________________________________________________

2. How are the lines of Mang Cesar presented? How about Pare Crispin’s?
__________________________________________________________________

3. What tense of the verb was used in the lines of Mang Cesar? Pare
Crispin?
__________________________________________________________________

4. Who among of them used direct speech? Reported speech?

__________________________________________________________________

What Is It

There are two ways in which we can convey what a person has said. It
can be a direct or reported speech.

The lines of Pare Crispin are direct speech, while Mang Cesar’s are
indirect or reported speech.

What is Direct Speech?

A direct speech is a sentence that gives a statement or thought

in its original form according to how the original speaker said it. It
carries the actual words of the speaker. The actual words of the
speaker are inside the quotation marks.

Let us look at the lines of Pare Crispin:

“We hauled the ipil trees,” the farmer said.

“I did not eat this morning,” the child stated.

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 ➢ The words inside the “quotation marks” are the exact words of the
farmer and the child.

➢ A comma is used before or after the reporting verb to separate it from

the actual words of the speaker.

➢ When a question is asked in direct speech, a question mark appears at

the end of the question within the quotation marks.
Example: The teacher asked, “Is Brent absent?”

What is Indirect Speech or Reported Speech?

A reported speech or indirect speech is a sentence that

expresses the content of a statement without quoting just like what is
done in direct speech. The speech is reported without the actual
words of a speaker but with its full meaning intact.

Mang Cesar’s lines:

Pare Crispin said that they had hauled the ipil trees.
The child stated that he had not eaten that morning.

➢ In an indirect speech, the word “that” usually replaces the comma.

➢ Verbs like announce, answer, explain, ask, say, reply, suggest, tell,
mention, warn, promise, etc., are used in indirect speech.

➢ When a question is asked in indirect speech, a question mark is never

used. Instead, a period is used. The reporting verb changes to ask,
inquire, etc.

Example: I asked if Brent was absent.

There are rules that need to be followed when direct speech is

converted to reported speech.

● There is a change of personal pronouns.

Examples: Bill said, “I am at home and she is at school.

Bill said that he was at home and she was at school.
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 “I already ate,” said Crispin.
Crispin said that he had already eaten.

● There is a change in the expressions of time or place.

Examples: He said. “I am coming home this week.”

He said that he was coming home that week.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

Now at that time, then
Today that day, yesterday, on Sunday
Tonight that night, last night, on Sunday night
Tomorrow the next day/the following day, on Sunday,
today
Yesterday the day before/the previous day, on Sunday
last night the night before/the previous night
this week that week, last week
last month the month before, the previous month, in
May
two minutes ago two minutes before
in one hour, in an hour one hour later, an hour later

● There is a change of tense.

Examples: She said, “It is cold outside.” (direct speech)

She said that it was cold outside. (reported speech)

Important: Sometimes we do not change the present tense into past if the
direct speech states general facts.

Example: “Children are gifts from God,” Tina said.

Tina said that children are gifts from God.

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 DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Past Liza said that she ate
“I eat pizza,” Liza said.
Simple Simple pizza.
Present “I am eating pizza,” Past Liza said that she was
Continuous Liza said. Continuous eating pizza.
Present “I have eaten pizza,” Liza said that she had
Past Perfect
Perfect Liza said. eaten pizza.
Present
“I have been eating Past Perfect Liza said that she had
Perfect
pizza,” Liza said. Continuous been eating pizza.
Continuous
Liza said that she had
Past Simple “I ate pizza,” Liza said. Past Perfect
eaten pizza.
Past “I was eating pizza,” Past Perfect Lisa said she had
Continuous Liza said. Continuous been eating pizza.
Liza said she had
“I had eaten pizza,”
Past Perfect Past Perfect eaten pizza. (no
Liza said.
change)
“I had been eating Liza said she had
Past Perfect Past Perfect
pizza,” been eating pizza. (no
Continuous Continuous
Liza said. change)

Reported speech can also be converted to direct speech:

● Use the reporting verbs say, said, tell, ask, suggest, etc. in its correct
tense.

● Remove the conjunctions “that, to, if or whether etc.”

● Place the exact words of the speaker within the quotation marks.

● Put a comma before or after the statement.

● Insert quotations marks, question mark, exclamation, and full stop,

whenever necessary.

Examples: The doctor said I need enough sleep.

The doctor said, “You need enough sleep.”

Crispin said that he had already eaten.

“I already ate,” said Crispin.

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 What’s More

Activity 1
Put a check mark (✓) on the correct reported speech version of each
statement.

1. Betty said, “I want to visit my grandparents this Saturday.”

_____ Betty said that she wants to visit her grandparents that weekend.
_____ Betty said that she wanted to visit her grandparents that weekend.

2. “I’m going to the cinema tonight,” Lally declared.

_____ Lally declared she is going to the cinema tonight.
_____ Lally declared that she was going to the cinema tonight.

3. Father asked, “Do you have class this Saturday?”

______ Father asked if I have class this Saturday.
______ Father asked if I had class that Saturday.

4. Bert announced, “I will buy a new tablet soon.”

______ Bert announced that he will buy a new tablet soon.
______ Bert announced that he would buy a new tablet soon.
______ Bert announced that he is buying a new tablet soon.

5. “I like vanilla ice cream,” Charina said.

______ Charina said that she liked vanilla ice cream.
______ Charina said that she likes vanilla ice cream.
______ Charina said that she was liking vanilla ice cream.

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Activity 2

Complete the sentences using reported speech. Change the tense, if

necessary.
Example: Dan: “I cleaned the backyard yesterday.”
Dan told me that he had cleaned the backyard the day before.

1. Emily said, “Our teacher will go to Cebu on Wednesday.”

Emily said that _____________________________________________________.

2. “Rainier went to the mall yesterday.” said Liza.

Liza said that _______________________________________________________.

3. Patricia: “I am getting married.”

Patricia announced that ____________________________________________.

4. Abby: “The whole family flew to Canada last year.”

Abby told me that __________________________________________________.

5. Jomar and Louie: “We will do our best in the game tomorrow.”
Jomar and Louie remarked that ____________________________________.

Activity 3

Rewrite each sentence to complete the table. Be careful with the shifts
of tenses. Some of the verbs do not need to be changed.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

Ian said, “I live in the countryside.”
Marie said that she was cooking
dinner.
Jim said that his brother had gone to
Sulu the other week.
Dinah asked, “Will you give me a call
tomorrow?”
Victoria said, “I had already closed
the gate.”

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 What I Have Learned

In this lesson, we focused on direct and reported speech.

• How would you differentiate direct speech from reported speech?

__________________________________________________________________

• What are the rules to be followed in changing direct speech to reported

speech?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

• What are the rules to be remembered in changing reported speech to

direct speech?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

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 What I Can Do

Apply what you have learned on how to use direct and reported speech
appropriately in varied contexts by doing the activity below. Make use of the
space below to write your reply for this activity.

Do any of the following: (1 only)

Think of a song that tells a story.

Write the song’s storyline in direct
speech form. (at least three)
Convert them into reported speech.

Recall a folktale, an anecdote, or a fable

you know very well. Choose a favorite story
portion where there is a dialogue between two
characters. Report what the characters are
saying using indirect speech.

Think of your favorite TV personality. Write

his or her favorite punchline using
direct speech. Then convert them into
reported speech.

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 Assessment

Change the following direct speech into reported speech. Encircle the
letter of the correct answer.

1. Nan said. “I have finished my homework.”

A. Nan said that she had finished her homework.
B. Nan said that she had finished my homework.
C. Nan said that she has finished her homework.
D. Nan said that she has finished my homework.

2. She said to me, “I can sleep alone.”

A. She said to me that she can sleep alone.
B. She told me that she can sleep alone.
C. She said me that she could sleep alone.
D. She told me that she could sleep alone.

3. John said, “My friend may come tonight.”

A. John said that his friend might come tonight.
B. John said that his friend might come that night.
C. John said that his friend might go tonight.
D. John said that his friend might go that night.

4. Jake told me, “I must win this game.”

A. Jake told me that he must win this game.
B. Jake told me that he had to win that game.
C. Jake told me that he had to win this game.
D. Jake told me that he must win that game.

5. He said, “I am a man.”
A. He said that he was a man.
B. He said that he is a man.
C. He said that I am a man.
D. He said that I was a man.

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 Additional Activities

Read the article below. Make at least five reported statements (speech)
based on the direct address of Bob Thirsk. Write your sentences on the blanks
provided.

Students Grow Flying Sauce

Jim Wilkes, Science Reporter

TORONTO - In the cult movie classic Attack of the Killer Tomatoes, mutant
vegetables cut a deadly swath through the community, consuming everyone
in their path.
But Canadian astronaut Bob Thirsk says Toronto students cultivating
tomato seeds from space shouldn’t worry about like imitating art.
“There should be no fear on the part of teachers or parents about any
toxic fruit growing from these tomato plants,” said Thirsk, who flew aboard
the shuttle Columbia on a 17-day mission in 1996.
He said he’ll eat tomatoes produced from the high-flying seeds or use
them to make salsa or ketchup.
Thirsk visited students at St. Cecilia Catholic School on Annette St.
yesterday to check up on their experiments with tomato seeds taken into
space by astronaut Mark Garneau.
The Tomatosphere project involves 2,500 secondary school classrooms
across Canada growing 400,000 seeds, half of which made the trip to space.
Space plants are said to grow faster and taller.
“The space-flown seeds made 170 orbits of the Earth, travelled more
than 7 million kilometers and spent 12 days weightless,” Thirsk said.
At the end of June, schools will send results of their experiment to the
Canadian Space Agency which will compile the date and make conclusions.
Thirsk said the program is designed to introduce space science to young
Canadians. “I can see that in these classrooms we have potential future
Canadian scientists and astronauts,” he said. “I find that incredibly exciting.

1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________

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 References

1. Pre-assessment
English Learners Materials for Grade 7 page 295

2. Discussion, explanation and examples.

English Learners Materials for Grade 7 pp. 365-366

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ew4YHmNigRs&feature=share&fbclid=IwAR3B
EhMzfXvYVDsc2B1te5MRpydW6ldLnse-hvZWz9rqDuqCX9UlseIp3MM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbhNSdkmpyE&feature=share&fbclid=IwAR1d
Ae9VBC4UIyzOAoYx3rCFDvjmI1YYbCfOo_AzhktB611067Fei4nngP8

3. Activities
Essential English Worktext in Literature and Language pages 246-
249.

4. Picture of the teacher

https://www.vexels.com/png-svg/preview/128130/lady-teacher-cartoon
5. Assessment
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=direct-speech-
and-indirect-test

6. Additional Activity
http://missmassaro.weebly.com/uploads/3/7/9/9/37992625/arts-
literacy-task-news_report-2014-2015.pdf

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Cristina S. Barde (JDPNHS)

Editors: Jovy D. Enriquez (Teacher Validator – SNNHS)
Glenda M. Trinidad (School Head – SRNHS)
Internal Validator: Janet S. Cajuguiran (EPS – English)
External Validator: PNU Professor
Illustrator: Marexcza Z. Salinas (PHS)
Layout Artist: Shiela Mae A. Cancino (SRNHS)

Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Janet S. Cajuguiran
EPS-English

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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