20/9/2021

IELTS WRITING TASK 1

CHỮA HW (13.9)
Ex 1: The graph shows estimated oil production capacity for several Gulf countries
between 1990 and 2010.

Oil Production Capacity, millions of barrels per day (estimated)

[Figure: Millions of Barrels per day]

- Subsequently = After that
- Subsequent (adj): later, following
- 5 years onward
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The designated bar chart exhibits/illustrates the changes in the amount of oil that was
produced/generated/manufactured in six different Gulf countries over a 20-year period
between 1990 and 2010 with an interval of 5 years/with a 5-year interval.
• Interval (n): quãng/khoảng

Overall, it is evident that the oil production capacity of all Gulf countries demonstrates an
ascending/upward trend over the surveyed two-decade period/two decades. Also
noteworthy is that (1 điều đáng chú ý đó là) the production capacity of most countries
is on the upturn, Saudi Arabia maintained and strengthened (duy trì và củng cố) its
position as the major producer/manufacturer.

By closely examining the bar chart, it can be noticed that Saudi Arabia’s capacity
accounted for/made up/constituted the lion’s share (the largest part or most of sth),
with approximately 9 million barrels of oil per day, and then there was a surge to roughly
12 million barrels of oil per day in the year 2005. 5 years later/5 following years/During
the subsequent five years, the figure rose significantly and reached a peak of over 14
million barrels of oil per day, which was/being nearly as twice as its capacity in the initial
year of the given time frame. By/In striking contrast, with its oil production capacity
starting at a modest figure of merely 1 million barrels of oil per day, Qatar recorded an
insignificant/inconsiderable increase throughout the given period.
- Khi trích số liệu với mức độ lớn/nhỏ (tùy thuộc vào biểu đồ)
+ at a modest/moderate figure of + Số liệu
+ at an overwhelming figure of + Số liệu

Further inspection reveals that although roughly 3 million barrels of oil on a daily basis
was manufactured/generated in Iran in 1990, the figure underwent a gradual but
modest/moderate rise, ending/closing the period at around 4 million barrels of oil per
day. Moreover, a similar pattern was also recorded/registered in the remaining Gulf
countries/in the remainders with the relatively identical/similar figures, generally from
2 to 4 million barrels of oil per day during the 20 years mentioned.
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Ex 2: The table shows the changes in modes of travel in a European country

between 1995 and 2005. It also shows a projection to the year 2015.

Average distance in thousand miles per person per year, by mode of travel
1995 2005 2015
Air 2 8 20
Bicycle 2 1 2
Motorbike 5 3 8
Bus 56 50 48
Rail 38 48 60
Total 103 110 138

- Project/predict/forecast/foresee/foretell/estimate/anticipate
- THÌ QUÁ KHỨ, động từ tiên đoán, phỏng đoán
VD: the figure for air was predicted to increase in 2015.
- Increase of/by: tăng bao nhiêu (ĐỘ CHÊNH LỆCH)
- Increase at: tăng ở mức …
- Mileage (n): khoảng cách mà 1 phương tiện đi lại
- CHÚ Ý:
Mệnh đề (S+V+O), with …. + Ving
With the figure increasing to 20
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The given table compares the changes in the average distance in thousand miles per
person by various modes/means of travel/transportation for a 10-year interval (1995-
2005) with projections to 2015 in an unspecific European. The unit was recorded in
thousand miles per person per year.

Overall, it is evident that the average/mean distance per year by air and rail increased
significantly while the figures for the other means fell gradually and irregularly (giảm từ
từ và không đồng đều) during the first decade. With regard to the estimation figure in
2015, the data for rail accounted for the lion’s share, and the opposite is true for
bicycle’s data.

At the beginning of the researched time frame, a total of 103 units was travelled per
person, and bus dominated/predominantly made up at 56 thousand miles, while the
figure for rail was much lower, at 38 thousand miles for each person on a yearly basis.
From that point onward (to 2005), there were considerable increases of/by 6 thousand
miles and 10 thousand miles of mileage commuted by air and rail, rising to 8 thousand
miles and 48 thousand miles, respectively. In striking contrast, the year 2005 witnessed
a moderate/modest/slight decline in the number of miles recorded/registered in the
remaining transport modes/in the remainders.

In 2015, it is anticipated that the total number of miles travelled by different modes of
transportation would experience an uprise to 138 thousand miles. To be more
specific/Specifically/Particularly, interestingly, the figure for rail ranked first, replacing
the position for bus’s figure, at 60 thousand miles. For the remaining travel options, this
nation is forecasted to see considerable expansion/increase/rise/growth in the
number of miles travelled by each person/citizen, with that of air travel recording the
highest of 20 thousand miles.
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The diagram gives information about the process of making carbonated drinks.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

- Take place/occur/happen: diễn ra

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The diagram/picture provides a breakdown of how carbonated drinks are

produced/manufactured.
- The diagram provides a breakdown of how … is/are produced/manufactured
from…
- Breakdown: quá trình

Overall, it is evident that the production of carbonated drinks involves five

separated/distinct stages at which the water is cleaned, evaporated, mixed, filtered and
filled and eventually/finally/ultimately packaged and delivered to the supermarket.

The process commences/begins when raw water from households goes

through/flows in pipes to a device where it is filtered and softened by the use of
chemical substances/chemicals. After that, the clean water is pumped (bơm) to
electric heaters and goes through/flows a cooling pipe to another device where the
carbonation process takes place (mà tại đó quá trình carbon hóa diễn ra). During
this process, carbon dioxide from another pipe is added to the water.

Moreover, the carbonated water is then sent to a cylindrical tank (bể chứa hình trụ) in
which it is mixed with colouring, syrup, and flavours and filtered for the second time before
being filled into different bottles and cans. At this stage of the process, the finished
beverages/products (sản phẩm đồ uống) are packaged into carton boxes and finally
delivered/transported/dispatched to the supermarkets in order to cater for
consumers’ demands.
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HOMEWORK

Ex 1: The diagram below shows how ethanol fuel is produced from corn.
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Ex 2: The diagram below shows one way of manufacturing ceramic pots.

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Ex 3: The diagram below shows the production of olive oil.