Public & Primary Health Care Thorugh Ayurveda System Inner Pages Final

INTERNATIONAL E-CONFERENCE
Public & Primary Health Care

Through Ayurveda System
PROCEEDING
6TH & 7TH AUGUST 2020
CHIEF EDITOR
DR. DEEPA MEHRA
EDITOR
DR. MOHAMMAD ARIF KHAN
ORGANISEDBY
Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan
www.vishwaayurvedicsangthan.com
&
Atharva Multi - Specialty Ayurveda Hospital
&
Research Center, Rajkot, Gujarat
www.atharvaayurveda.com
First Impression : 2020
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Public & Primary Health Care through Ayurveda System
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Charak Jayanti Celebration
International E– Conference on
“Public and Primary Health Care through
Ayurveda Systems”
06-07 August, 2020
Chief Editor
Dr. Deepa Mehra
Editor
Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan
Organizing Committee
Patron
Padamshri Vd. Balendu Prakash
Co-Patron
Dr. Gaurang Joshi
Supporting Team
Dr. Gufran Ahmed
Dr. Navaid Akhtar
Deepak Kumar Verma
Mohammad Wazid Khan, AMU
Scientific Committee
Dr. Bhairav Kulkarni
Prof. Dr. Brijesh Mishra
Dr. Bhavana Joshi
Prof. Dr. Shriniwas Gujjarwar
Dr. Priyanka Yadav
Vaidya Ankur Kurma Tanwar
Digital Partner
Dr. Piyush Juneja
Indian Vaidyas
i
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About Us
Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan
Representing the Ayurvedic profession in India, we preserve, preserve and promote
philosophy, knowledge, science and practice based on Ayurvedic consciousness for the
benefit of all beings.
Ayurveda provides a rich and dynamic body of knowledge that provides comprehensive
disease management and supports overall well-being at a deeper level. With its roots in India
spanning over 5,000 years, Ayurveda stands out as it focuses on harmonizing a person's
unique constitution with the natural rhythms of our world. Using nutrition, lifestyle, herbal
medicines, and time-tested remedies, Ayurveda helps to make the elements within the body
perfectly healthy.
Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan (VAS) is a non-profit organization, established to raise
awareness about Ayurveda for the benefit of the entire human community through public
education and other means and by supporting and representing Ayurvedic professionals in
India is dedicated to. The organization represents both Ayurvedic professionals - doctors,
physicians, physicians and students - as beneficiaries and torchbearers of Ayurveda in the
West. It aims to be a community-led organization benefiting from the expertise of medical
officers and universities in the region from both sides of the world. Ayurveda is increasingly
recognized as the oldest and most intelligent system of medicine known to man. The aim of
the World Ayurvedic Organization (VAS) is to protect and promote its most authentic
expression in the modern world.
Vishwa Ayurveda Sangathan in India. Our mission is to preserve, promote and carry out the
philosophy, knowledge, science and practice of Ayurveda based on consciousness for the
benefit of all beings.
Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan is the dynamic voice of the Ayurveda profession; which is
working to improve the self-awareness of people, communities and humanity through health,
wellness and Ayurveda.
viii
CONTENTS
a Messages i - vii
b About Us viii
Sl. N. Chapter No. Page No.
Importance of Dincharya in Ayurveda
1 1
Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan
Public & primary healthcare through Ayurveda systems with special
2 reference to eye care 2
Dr. Jaydeep R. Gangal
Title-Public and Primary Health Care through
3 Ayurveda System 10
Vd. Trushna P Barmase & Vd. Mukund Bamnikar
Public & primary healthcare through Ayurveda systems
4 17
T. A. Syeeda Noor Fathima
Role of Ayurveda in Public Health
5 21
Dr. Gufran Ahmed & Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan
Kshar Karm in Nail Diseases - A Case Study
6 27
Dr. Shivpal Khandizod & Dr. Sachin Padwal
Ayurvedic Management of Sidhmakushtaw.s.r to (TineaVersicolor) –
7 A single Case study 33
Ashish D Kamble, Sanjeevani N Rathod & Rajan B Kulkarni
Observational Analytical Study To Assess Asthikshaya In Walkers
And In Non-Walkers With Special Reference To Osteoporosis By
8 40
Evaluating Bone Mineral Density And Serum Calcium
Dr. Yashashree B. Kulkarni & Dr. Bhairav Kulkarni
Critical Analysis of Ayurveda in Primary Health Care System
9 47
Dr.K.Samudrudu & Dr.Vijay B Negalur
Nutritional Disorders In Children: An Ayurvedic Overview
10 51
Dr. Deepa Mehra & Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan
Concept of Aahara and Food Chronobiology
11 55
Sadaf Khan, Mahesh K.Vyas, Pankaj Pathak & Meera K Bhojani
An Approach to Primary Health Care Through Ayurvedic System of
12 Medicine :A ReviewPaper 59
Hemant Kumawat & Dr. T.S. Dudhamal
Vocal for Local – Strengthning Public Health Through Ayurveda
13 64
Dr. Rachana Bhardwaj, Dr. Suman Panwar & Dr. Deepak Verma
Ancient Indian Scriptures on Medicine: Serious thought to Revive
14 Ayurveda 71
Prof.Ranjana Mishra
15 Mantra Incantation : A Means for Treatment in Ayurveda 81
Nisha Aggarwal, Meera K Bhojani, Mahesh K Vyas & Pankaj Pathak
A case study of Atopic dermatitis / Kitibha Kushta
16 87
Dr. R. Supraja M.D (Samhitha)
A Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Cancer Study of
Stem bark (Cortical Part) Extract of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.
17 89
(Lecythidaceae) by using In-vitro Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7).
Dr. Pramod Kumar Soni, Dr. Rajesh singh & Dr. Om Prakash Rout
Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Sira Vedha and
18 lifestyle modification with diet regime - A Case study 97
Dr. Gaurav Sawarkar, Dr.Priti Desai & Dr. Punam Sawarkar
Anatomical aspect on mode of action of kavala
19 Author : Dr. Amarjeet Kaur, Co-Author: Dr. SeetharamaMithanthaya 104
& Dr. Swati Bedekar
Preventive aspect and future strategies of Ayurveda in primary health
care system
20 110
Dr. Neha kothari, Dr. Rupali Bedre, Dr. Nirmala Apturkar & Dr.
Darshana Ubhale
Role of Haridra in Medo Dhatu Dushti Janya Vikar – Drug Review
21 121
Dr.Pallavi Pardeshi & Dr.Sheetal Chavan
Role of Life Style in Different Phases of
22 Women’s Life as per Ayurveda 131
Dr. Nisha Garg & Dr. Srikant Kumar Panda
Traditional Remedies for Common Ailments in Rural South India. A
Scoping Study
23 Mohankumar B. Thambad, Manohar Prasad P, Ananthakumar SR, 140
Vidyashree M, Seetharam MR, Dr. (Flt Lt) M.A.Balsubramanya &
Prakash BN
A Reviw-Role of Pathyapathya on Amlapitta
24 150
Dr. Bhagirath Singh & Dr. Pallavi Gune
Vedic Literature
25 155
Dr. Sneha Mujumdar
Public &Primary Health Care through Ayurveda Systems
26 167
Vd Mayuri Prabhu Waghadhare & Vd Mukund D Bamnikar
Management of Chronic renal failure (CRF) through Ayurveda – A
27 Case Report 182
Dr.Punam Sawarkar & Dr.Gaurav Sawarkar
Diabetes Mellitus
28 196
Faishal Khan
Critical analysis of Nitya SevaniyaAharaDravya’s - Balanced diet in
29 Ayurveda 202
Dr. Vijay B. Negalur
A Combination of Conservative Treatment & Behavioural Therapy is
30 207
More Effective Than Conservative Treatment Alone in Treating
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Dr. Pradnya P. Sabade
Ayurveda : A new Dimension in Modern era
31 210
Dr. Dipshikha Rakhunde
Ayurvedic Basics of
32 Obesity Management : A Conceptual Review Study 212
Dr. Shazi Arazzum & Dr. Sujata Rajan
Management of Stree Bandhyatva by combined therapy of Chitrakadi
33 Vati and Lashunadi Taila Matra Basti - A Case Review 213
Dr. Divya
Impact of Modern Gadgets on Psychology of the Individual
34 214
Dr. Neha Parmar, Dr. Sujata Rajan & Dr. Ankur Tanwar
Rasayana (Rejuvenation): A Step Towards Primary And Public Health
35 Care 215
Chanchal Aggarwal
Management Of Psoriasis - The Ayurvedic Perspective
A Clinical Trial To Study The Effects, Safety And Efficacy Of
36 222
Polyherbal Formulations In Patients With Mild To Moderate Psoriasis.
Dr. Gaurang Joshi & Dr. Bhavna G.Joshi
37 Dr.Rohan shivajirao patil
38 Dr.Ravikiran D. Kuchekar
39 Dr. Shivaji Dhivare
40 Dr. Rahul Kumar Pandey
41 Dr. Kamalesh Khairnar
42 Dr. Rajashri Bomble
Chapter - 1
Importance of Dincharya in Ayurveda

Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan1
Introduction
Dincharya is basically defined as the daily routine. "Din" means diary and "Acharya"
means to follow. According to the insights provided by Ayurveda, Dincharya provides a
summary of daily activities or the routine to follow to have a healthy body and mind. To
maintain a healthy life free from disease, dincharya is absolutely essential. It is one of the
best ways to get rid of diseases, stay balanced and treat various diseases to stay healthy and
fit. Thus, the daily regime is known as dincharya.
Ayurveda suggests that to be healthy, the body must be tuned to the daily cycle of
nature. This helps maintain a rhythmic rhythm. Each individual faces a series of daily
changes. This brings a constitution of the cycle to the predominance of Pitta, Kapha and
Vata regularly.
Objective
Ayurved is a science of life; it provides information to maintain normal health,
information on diseases and its treatment. Since life is a circular cycle, according to
biological clocks, there is morning, afternoon, afternoon and the night, in the same way that
the human being must follow the particular biological clock of his life, and must correlate the
work with the cycle.
A healthy person should wake up at the bramh muhurta in the morning after filling
the dinner he took at night is digested. This muhurta is considered an hour and a half before
dawn. Second ayurveda is vataj kal. The next work that needs to be done during the day is
clearly mentioned in Ayurveda for keep the life cycle. Obviously these rules maintain health
and are called dincharyas. One must follow the rules According to the dincharya.
Approximate Time of the Cycles of Dincharya
The First Cycle
Kapha – 6 a.m. to 10 a.m.,
Pitta – 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.,
Vata – 2 p.m. to 6 p.m.
The Second Cycle
Kapha – 6 p.m. to 10 p.m.,
Pitta – 10 p.m. to 2 a.m.,
Vata – 2 a.m. to 6 a.m.
1 Founder, Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan, E-mail : vishwaayurvedicsanghatan@gmail.com
Book Name | 1
Ideal Schedule
Morning
The time to wake up for a healthy person is two hours before dawn. The vata element
is mainly active during these hours. Vata is characterized by being clear, thin and light. Tina
body based on the various messages sent by nature. This time, the air has a lot of sattva and
is pure and fresh. Drinking a glass of warm water during this time helps eliminate toxins or
body toxins. Brushing your teeth during this time maintains oral and dental hygiene. It
purifies the voice and strengthens the teeth. Helps treat the breast and smell. Helps to cleanse
the face, neck, lungs, head and mind. Performing Pranayama regularly or exercising daily
during this period prevents the body from aging and eliminates the stagnation of the mind.
Strengthens the various metabolic processes in the body, reduces unwanted fat and fills
Prana's body. After performing the exercise, bathing removes oil, dirt and dust from the
body. Then, perform meditation, which helps improve consciousness.
Afternoon
During this time, pitta is useful for digestion. Lunch during these hours should be the
biggest meal of the day. Then, during sunset time, do meditation and prayers. This is the best
time to connect with the spiritual world.
Night
Dinner must be made around 7:00 pm and should be lighter than lunch. From dinner
to bed, there should be an interval of 3 hours. Spend this time happily with your family and
friends. The time to go to bed should be around 10 pm. Before sleeping, massage the soles of
the feet with oil. This will provide a soothing and calming action for the body. Consume
triphala before bed.
This dincharya routine is highly recommended. It must be followed strictly to
maintain a healthy well-being. The body can show some resistance to changes. However,
these should be worn on a regular basis to lead a happy and healthy life.
Dincharya helps get rid of imbalances. This helps maintain the harmony of the body
with nature. Dincharya is an essential part of the science of life. It helps support the body and
mind through daily activities. The dincharya provides a shiny and perfect skin, wonderful
hair and helps improve physical and mental strength. Dincharya is the concept of Ayurveda,
which concerns ritual, awareness and awareness of the daily changes of our lives. It serves to
be a healthier way of healing than any other drug.
Book Name | 2
Chapter - 2

with special reference to eye care
Dr. Jaydeep R. Gangal*
Abstract
Eyes are an integral part of our body. A person sees the things first & then the rest of
the actions occur. There is a continuous strain on our eyes due to the current lifestyle. The use
of visual media has increased. It can give rise to symptoms like burning eyes, eye strain,
watering etc. This will definitely affect the performance of an individual.
In Ancient Ayurvedic books there are certain chapters which dictate properties of all
the food that we consume. Diet plays an important role in our lives. Certain kind of diet is
advised to maintain the health of the eye. These are termed as Chakshushya(kind of vision
tonic). If we include this food in our diet regularly, our eyes will be healthy & vision will be
normal.
Keywords- Preventive Eyecare, Ayurved, Diet, dinacharya
Introduction:-
The aim of Ayurved is to keep a person healthy rather than treating the disease
afterwards. Hence, there is a description about daily & seasonal chores and specific kind of
diet to take care of health.
Sense organs are an integral part of a person's life. These transform the external input
& connect us with the environment & each other. One cannot imagine life without sense
organs.
As they say “beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder”. Eye is the first sense organ we
use. We see things first & then we asses it with the help of touch, taste etc. So much of our
daily life depends on it.
In Ayurved, following factors are described for a healthy eye & eventually vision.
1. Diet
2. Certain daily/seasonal procedures
3. Medicine(If required)
Materials & Methods:-
Review of Ayurvedic literature:-
*Assistant Professor, Department of Shalakyatantra, Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, 583/2,

Rasta peth, Pune
E-mail : gangaljr@gmail.com, Phone No-7276443589
Book Name | 3
➢ Eyeball-
Referred as Netra, it is one of the sense organs. It comprises of many structural
elements like Snayu(muscles),sira(vessels),Mandala & patala(components & layers), one of
the Panchamahabhuta-Teja/Agni(Fire element).The shape of an eyeball is like cow breast. It
is rounded uniformly. All these elements are affected by the diet & the day to day factors.
Depletion of fire element will lead to blindness as per Ayurved.
Hence, to keep the eyes healthy & disease free, certain procedures are to be followed
along with diet. These are described under dinacharya(daily regime). As described earlier
eyes can get vitiated due to increased kapha dosha. Many of these procedures work to keep
kapha balanced. These also boost the fire element of eyes for perfect vision.
These are as follows.
➢ Ashchotan(Eye drops)-
Putting medicated drops in eyes. It eliminates the imbalanced doshas.
➢ Anjana(Eyeliner/collyrium)-
Use of sauvir anjana daily, improves the vision such that a person can see tiny things
very clearly. It makes eye beautiful & also makes eyelashes thicker & smoother.
Rasa anjan on the other hand is advised to be used on every 7 days to keep the eyes
safe from vitiation of kapha dosha.
➢ Tarpan(Libation of medicated liquid)-
Book Name | 4
To be done by medicated milk or ghee. This relaxes the eyes. Beneficial in dry eyes.
Pacifies the vata & pitta dosha. Enhances the vision.
➢ Nasya(Putting medicated drops in nostrils)-
Use of Anu taila nasya balances the tridoshas. Hence improves the vision. Different
medicated ghee or oil can be used as per the dosha.
➢ Dhoompaan (Medicated smoke)
Drains the remaining doshas after anjana. Balances tridosha.

➢ Pada Abhaynaga (Foot massage)-
The exact physiological connection is not yet known. But it is strongly advised &
beneficial for vision. It pacifies the vata & strengthens the muscles.
➢ Cold Bath-
For head, neck & eyes , cold bath is advised as hot bath affects its function.
➢ Use of oil for hair-
Book Name | 5
Improves the functioning of indriyas(Sense organs).
➢ Medication-
If required following herbs formulation are advised for the vision enhancement.
1. Use of trifala siddha ghruta (Emblica officinalis, Terminalia belerica
Terminalia chebula ghee).
2. Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) cooked with milk
3. Amalki (Emblica officinalis) in the form of rasayan or cooked with milk
4. Cooked yava (barley) with ghee
➢ Diet-
Acharya Charak & many other acharyas have described properties of all food
elements i.e. different kinds of rice, lentils, milk, vegetables etc. Certain food enhances the
function of certain organ.
A Chakshushya food is the one which acts especially on the eyeball & enhances its
function. It does so by acting on its structure, i.e. strengthening the muscles of eyeball or acts
on the sensory ability.
Following food is described under this category.
Food Properties as per Ayurved Properties as per Modern
Science
Coriander seeds or Coriander It is an integral part of Indian It consists of beta carotene
kitchen. Used in the form of essential for production of
garnishing every day. It vitamin A.
enhances the fire element due
to Ushna veerya(hot potency)
& thus helps in vision. Seeds
are used in the form of tadka
or powder.
Raisins Derive from grapes, these can Malic acid works on the
be consumed raw or soaked in muscles. Dehydroascorbic
water. Black raisins are acid works as an
considered more useful antioxidant.
Book Name | 6
Rice- Sathesali rice(the one If taken with goat milk, it Rice consists of amino
which ripens in 60 days) works wonderfully. acids which synthesize
neurotransmitters. Lots of
other constituents like
starch, vitamin E, glucose
fructose etc. Tear film is
composed of glucose
Goat milk is rich in vitamin
A. Also enhances the nerve
function.
Green gram Can be consumed in the form Niacin enhances

of vegetable, khichdi(cooked circulation. Consists of
with rice adding different amino acids & lots of
spices) or as a thick soup. vitamins including vitamin
A&E
Amla As a candy or mouth freshener Good source of vitamin C.

after food. In the form of juice Maintains retinal cells &
or jam. capillaries.
Cow milk or ghee or white Cow milk is considered the Cow milk consists of
butter best in all kind of milk. It cab lactoferin which forms tear
consumed daily. It is light to film.
digest.
The white butter and ghee can
be derived from cow milk. The
white butter needs to be
Book Name | 7
consumed when fresh. It’s
heavy to digest.
Ghee can be consumed daily.
Black Gram Heavy to digest. Can be Consists of potassium.

consumed in the form of curry Tear film is composed of
along with other spices. If potassium. It also
grinded with millet it can be strengthens the eye
consumed in the form of roti muscles.
(Bread).
Carrot In Ayurved, “Samanya vishesh Good source of beta

siddhant” is described. carotene, antioxidants &
Samanya means similar potassium. Hence effective
looking or having similar on eyes.
properties. Such kind of food
acts on those organs or entities
which are similar to that food.
Shaped like an eyeball carrot
enhances vision due to this
property. Appears similar to
eyeball layers in transverse
section.
Beetroot Like carrot, beetroot also falls Consists of potassium &

under same category as per vitamin C. Hence working
Ayurved. Has similar shape. on tear film & capillaries.
The layers of beetroot section
& eyeball appear same.
Discussion:-
o Ayurved focuses on individual’s health principally & that is the reason there is a detail
description about daily regime & regime as per the season.
o If an individual follows this regime meticulously, he or she cannot suffer from eye
diseases.
Book Name | 8
o For an individual to maintain the health of an eye & hence the vision, this regime &
diet can be very useful.
o These food items are easily available at every Indian home & cooked almost daily.
o Some of the contents act on tear film, which is the most, affected part in today’s era.
Dry eye is the current problem due to excessive use of monitors, screens etc. This diet
& procedures described above will definitely be helpful to take care of dry eye.
Conclusion:-
• Eye tonic category food described in Ayurved can be very effective to get rid of eye
related conditions. The method is very economical & non invasive.
• Following daily regime as per Ayurved will cleanse & balance the tridosha keeping
the eyes healthy.
References & Bibliography
1. Gray H, Gray's Anatomy,38,Philadelphia,Lea and Febiger,1918
2. Yadavji TK,Kavyatirth NA,Susrutsamhita Dalhan commentary,6, Varanasi,
Chaukhamba Prakashan,1997
3. Ghanekar BG,Susrutsamhita Sharirsthanam,14,new Delhi,Meharchand Lachhmandas,
1999
4. Gupt KA,Upadhyay Y,Ashtanga Hriday Vidyotini commentary,11, Varanasi,
Chaukhamba Prakashan,1993
5. Gaud D,Trivedi RP, Parrishadya Shabdarth Shariram, 2, Nagpur, Baidyanath Ayurved
Bhavan limited ,1979
6. Yadavji TK,Charaksamhita Chakrapani commentary,repint,Varanasi,Chaukhamba
Prakashan,2007
7. P Jha, P Sharma, Ashtangasangraha sharir stahana, Chaukhamba Orientalia, first
edition, 1978, Varanasi
8. Wankhede TS, Joshi PR,Thakur SL, Monte GB,Concept of chakshushya in the
materia medica of Ayurveda,J.res.tradit.med vol.3, issue 2, 2017,56-63
9. Pt. Kashiram, Sharangdhar samhita, Uttarkhanda,Gudharth dipika commentery,
Nirnay sagar press,1920.
10. www.google.com
Book Name | 9
Chapter - 3
Title-Public and Primary Health Care through

Ayurveda System
Vd. Trushna P Barmase*
Vd. MukundBamnikar**
Abstract –
Ayurveda is an old style arrangement of human services starting from the vedas recorded
around 5000 years back. It means to keep auxiliary and practical elements in a condition of
balance, which connotes great wellbeing that is swasthya. It's fundamental intention is to
accomplish alluring wellbeing and prosperity through an exhaustive methodology that
address to mind, body conduct and condition.
The current paper looks to comprehend the Ayurvedic point of view of open and essential
medicinal services. Traditional writings of Ayurveda portray certain head of social insurance
in it's own speeches. The promotiive and preventive perspectives like Swasthavritta which
incorporate Dincharya (Ayurveda every day schedule), Ritucharya (occasional regimens)
individual cleanliness, Ahaar(diet) Sadvritta (code of good lead) and healing angles
Aushadi(drugs), Aahar as far as pathyapathaya ,Vihar (way of life), Rasayan(rejuvenation),
Vajikaran are talk about in this paper.
This paper endeavors to depict the assess the day by day schedule, occasional regimens,
conduct and mending spices that are viewed as significant in reestablishing harmony state as
Per Ayurveda.
Keywords - Ayurveda, Health Promotion., Swasthavritta, Preventive measure.
Introduction
Long quite a while in the past, the sages followed their insight life and vitality for the
prosperity of the universe the premise of entire presence. They built up the arrangement of
medication that still clude the cutting-edge days researchers a framework that analyzed
Illness from the pulse of heartbeat that mend with nature, one of the best arrangement of
medication Ayurveda.
The Indian arrangement of medication is the finish of Indian contemplations of medication
which speaks to a method of solid living esteemed with long and remarkable social history.
like the multifaceted culture in our nation conventional drugs have developed over hundreds
of years favored with a plenty of customary medication and practices.
* PG Scholar,Swasthavritta Department
R A Podar Medical Ayurvedic College, Worli, Mumbai
E-mail : tushupb@gmail.com, Mob : 9405438121
** HOD & Professor, Swasthavritta Department
R A Podar Medical Ayurvedic College, Worli, Mumbai.
Book Name | 10
Ayurveda is an old-style arrangement of social insurance starting from Vedas reported around
5000 years back. The information on Ayurveda was first completely recorded in quite a while
called Charaksamhita and susrutsamhita. It not only a dry portrayal of realities giving
opportunity from ailment .it is rather a way of thinking without a doubt a lifestyle.
Ayurveda intends to keep basic and practical substances in a condition of harmony, which
means great wellbeing i.e swasthya. Any irregularity due outside/inside variables can cause
aggravation in the regular balance offering ascend to ailment. It has novel idea and
procedures to address the human services over the span of life from pregnancy to infantcare
to geriatric malady and furthermore reestablishing harmony through, different regimens like
eating routine, day by day normal, conduct changes and so on.
Aim- The two main basic aims of Ayurveda is,
1) Swasthasyaswasthyarakshanam-to preserve health of healthy people
2) Aturasyavikarprashamanam-to treat illness and disease. 1
Objectives
1) Create awareness about Ayurveda and Ayurvedic principles to promote health
2) Describe the primary health care regimens like dincharya,, ritucharya, etc.
Health
WHO defines ‘Health is a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well being
and not merely absence of disease/infirmity.’ The definition mainly have 4 dimensions of
health physical, mental, social, spiritual. Similarly Acharya sushruta defined health as
samsaDosha (balance humour), Samagnischya(balanced enzyme and metabolites), samadhatu
(balance tiissue system), malakriya (state of excretory Functions, prasanna(ecstasy)
atmendriyamanah (soul,sense organ and mind) swasthayaitiabhidhiyate’(called healthy state)
.2 Ayurveda is based on the principle of dosa-dhatu-mala-agni. Health is the outcome of
harmonized state of these factors whereas the opposite lead to ill people.3
Public health
“The science and art of preventing diseases, prolonging life and promoting health and
efficiency through organized community efforts…”4These highlights have additionally been
underscored by Acharya charaka in target of Ayurveda which in a roundabout way
characterizes general wellbeing and it's goal. In Ayurveda exemplary content, different way
of life organization are given like Dincharya (day by day schedule), Ritucharya (occasional
regimens), Aahar (diet), Pathyapathaya, Rasayan,(rejuvenation) and second preventive and
corrective viewpoints like early finding, Nadipariksya (beat assessment), darshana
(investigation), sparshan(palpation) ,prashna(interrogation), shaman(allegation), Shoshana
(purification), panchakarma, and so forth.
Book Name | 11
Dincharya-
Dincharya comprise of systems to be done well from getting up toward the beginning of the
day which when applied to the routine could help in the longevity of life.
Brahma Muhurte Uttishthe-Auspicious time for getting up from bed. It begins at 96 min
before the dawn. This is the best an ideal opportunity for doing profound practices , seeing
information and reduce vyadhis(disease). It is time when Vatadosha is normally rule in the
body, helps in keeping up the equalization of doshas in the body.5
Malavisarjan-It is improved if the individual wakeup at Brahma muhurta assuaging
ourselves from the regular desire perform excretory capacities promptly toward the beginning
of the day drags out life.
Dantadhavan-Herbal(karanj,khadir,etc) brushes called Dattuna(chewing stick).is use for
cleaning teeth,it is an oral cleanliness device. Regular routine dispose of halitosis, expel food
flotsam and jetsam from tongue,cleans oral cavity. Brushing in the morning and after meal
prevents diseases.6
JivhaNirlekhan-By expelling the covering and animating the tongue, this assistance to adjust
the substantial and dulling characteristics of KaphaDosha in our physiology. It assists with
expelling hindrance and improved wellbeing. 7
Gandush-In Gandush, the oral cavity is totally loaded up with fluid therapeutic concentrates
for explicit period until there is lacrimation and nasal release and spat out. Taila( oil) gandush
reinforces the jaws, voice, oral cavity, improves taste recognition improves craving, forestalls
dryness and breaking of lips, fortify teeth and gums. 8
Anjana-It assists with expelling earth, diminish daha (consuming), tingling, Kleda, torment,
it clears the vision, softness virtue of eyes and easing of malady. 9
Nasya-It keeps from illness of eyes, head, nose, ears, drying of hairs, defers maturing,
reinforces jaw-teeth, improves working intensity of sense organ. Oil dispenses with
KaphaDosha. 10
Dhoompan-part of vitiated Kapha arranged in the head is wiped out by dhoompan. It is
finished by dhoomvarti comprised of cured spices. Smoking with sedated spice diminishes
Vata-Kapha, sentiment of light hardness, quality of heart, throats ,improve voice, forestall
Vata-Kapha issue happening over the shoulder. 11
Vyayam-It is the best karma which satisfies the mind and carry wellness to the body. It
carries gentility to the body, capacity to endure day by day exercises, decreases Kapha and
touches off the stomach related fire. 12 there is no more noteworthy solution for weight than
Vyayam.
Abhyang-Here oil is applied to the skin feeds even the dhatus relying upon the term of
abhyang. It must be done each day. It lessens maturing, weariness, and vitiated Vata. It
improves vision, rest, quality, draws out life, great brilliant skin and make body intense. Day
Book Name | 12
by day oil application to be done at head, ears, and legs as indicated by season, doshas and
conditions. 13
Udvartana-it implies hard back rub. It is the method of rubbing with powder of spices in
course inverse to the direction of the hair on the body. it is done before snan. It lessens kapha-
dosha, overabundance medodhatu from the skin carrying immovability to the body and
decrease in sub cutaneous fat stores.14
Snana-It is favorable , improves virility, life span and quality. It lightens tiredness, body
heat, weariness, sweat, tingle, thirst. Satisfies mind, expels the soil from the skin, animates
stomach related fire.15
Ritucharya-Seasonal Conduct
There are six seasons in a year containing one season with two months, occasional lead is
demonstrated to forestall infections which happen because of vitiation of doshas as per Ritu.
Hemant Ritu-The atmosphere will begin getting colder and because of it body contract
remotely and shutting the warmth outlets in the skin with the goal that the aggregated warmth
will build the stomach related intensity of the individual. So one should take sweet, harsh,
pungent food ,body should knead with oil, food comprise of fat, meat planning , wines and so
on. High temp water must be utilized for universally handy. One should open his body to
brilliant daylight.16
ShishirRitu-Same as above technique can be followed in shishir. One ought not take sharp,
severe, cold things.17
Vasanta-As it begins, the daylight will condense the collected Kapha and begin irritating the
stomach related intensity of the individual. The kapha ought to be evacuated first and
foremost by controlling solid emetic and nasal prescription. One should take great food,
acceptable exercise and utilization of dry udvartana is structure to expel fat from the body,
Day time dozing is carefully restricted. One ought not take overwhelming, pungent, acrid
food.18
Greeshma-In this, season one ought not take sharp pungent and harsh things, just light
exercise toward the beginning of the day are invited. Food must be sweet, acrid, and
effectively absorbable. Washing ought to be attempted with cold water. Wines should never
be tanked.19
Varsha-There is possibility of vitiation of tridoshas so in the start of varsha individual must
be given emetic, laxative, bowel purge so as to clean digestive organ. Mudga is helpful as it
effectively absorbable. One should wear shoes. The food must comprise of harsh pungent and
greasy substances and water ought to be bubbled before use.20
Sharad-The gathered pitta will get energized because of splendid daylight so as to lighten it
one should utilize ghee arranged with unpleasant tasting spices. One ought to maintain a
strategic distance from oil curds ,day time rest, alkalizes. Laxatives must be managed in
time.21
Book Name | 13
Eating related to prepare helps the body in acclimating to occasional varieties. At the
difference in season it is viewed as shrewd to follow the rules of the moving toward season
multi week prior with the goal that the body has alteration time.
Aahara (Diet) –
Sustenance is key to Ayurvedic wellbeing advancement ideas. In Ayurveda food is called
'Mahabhaishajya' Which implies prevalent medication. You can keep up your wellbeing and
forestall sickness for quite a while on the off chance that you eat the correct food and follow
the correct sort of way of life according to needs and in accordance with the seasons and
patterns of nature. Six distinct tastes (sweet, astringent, acrid, pungent, sharp, severe) got
from 5 premise components 'panchamahabhutas'
Each Dosha is improved and thwarted by admission of certain taste food.22
Pathya-Apathya-
Aahara ought to be picked by prakriti or constitution of each person. Food propensities that
are valuable to body and brain are known as Pathya and food propensities that are hurtful,
infection creating called Apathya.23Pathya can be classified dependent on their exasperating
or advantageous impacts on the tridoshas-Vata, Pitta, Kapha dependent on their impact on
human. Since food is similarly an influences the psyche as much as the body, Ayurveda
suggests explicit sort of nourishment for individual situated in their guna or common conduct
Satvik food-A perfect eating regimen containing vegan, non sleek, non zesty, food reasonable
for the psyche.
Rajsik food-Too fiery, hot, harsh, pungent, food that energizes the psyche.
Tamsik food-Too sleek, bland, stale and substantial food that lead to a torpid or dull psyche.
Indicated food-One ought to normally take Shastika( a sort of rice collected in sixty days),
shshali, mudga(yellow gram), food prepared in rock salt, ghee, meatloaf creature staying in
bone-dry atmosphere and Honey.24
Agni is the factor liable for all the changes the quality, the wellbeing ,invulnerability ,and so
on are relies on the intensity of absorption. Food admission and absorption are ideally
directed by agni(fire of the body). Eating admirably urges affectability and tuning in to the
body rub 'Don't eat except if you feel hungry and don't drink except if you feel parched'
Sadvritta is a scope of social conduct and direct of the individual dependent on strict customs
and practices, Rasayan and Vajikaran are the restoring and virilizing specialists to forestall
maturing, give life span, resistance against sicknesses and help with improving mental
offices.
Regular urges: Suppression of any common urge causes certain diseases. 13 desires, all of
which can be a factor of certain ailments and hence abbreviates the life expectancy.
Sleep- There is a disciplinary code of taking rest. The proportion of the rest required for
wellbeing contrasts in people. Sound rest is helpful for long life.
Book Name | 14
Curative Aspect-
The second point of Ayurveda is to alleviate the hopelessness of enduring patient with
endeavor to fix illnesses. Ayurvedic types of treatment are plant determined with some
utilization of minerals base substances. Ayurveda pharmacopeia joins the utilized of
Swaras(juice), kalka(paste), kwatha (decoction), Hima(cold infusion), Fanta(hot infusion),
ksheerpaak(decoctionin milk), Aasava and Arishta ( sedated soul fluids), ghritta(medicated
explained Ghee), and numerous others.
Discussion –
This paper has filled in as an investigation of Ayurveda techniques for essential human
services ,understanding ailments reflects connection between the body and psyche. Every day
standard, occasional regimens, happen to great direct, Diet aid wellbeing advancement. The
human body mind is associated with all other life structures known to man is explained in
various structures through wellbeing advancement, infection anticipation and corrective
consideration. Ayurveda medicines point at evacuation of illness as well as at the guideline of
the harmony of real capacities. Ayurveda mixes present day way of life and wellbeing
focused propensities with old intelligence of utilizing great direct, spices, practice drives a
sound cheerful, stress and malady free life. General Health Today is picking up force all
finished and is a decent sign for conventional clinical frameworks to get their place to satisfy
the need of the day.
Conclusion–
In this theme the estimation of human life and point of Ayurveda are examined quickly to set
up the job of Ayurveda in open and essential Health Care. Essential Health Care is proposed
to expand the accessible medicinal services offices to all the populace. Old style writings of
Ayurveda depict certain standards of general wellbeing in its own figures of speech. The
measures exhorted by Acharyas are so important in carrying the network wellbeing to a pick
level. The Health care talked about here are effectively practicable and can be actualized with
no weight to the network. By following the straightforward advances every day and Healthy
eating regimen , one can remain sound and fit without medication and control their own
contemplations and brain , carry on with quiet life. Contemplating of every one of these
components the job of Ayurveda in broad daylight and Primary Health Care is Inevitable.
Reference –
1. prof.TripathiRavidatta,charak Samhita sutrasthan, chaukhamba Sanskrit
pratishthan2019,30/26.
2. Dr. Sharma anantram, Sushruta Samhita chikitsasthan, chaukhambasurbhartiprakashan,
2006, 15/48.
3. Janmejaya : The Concept Of Public Health In Ayurveda, IAMJ: Volume1; Issue 2; March
April 2013.
4. Janmejaya : The Concept Of Public Health In Ayurveda, IAMJ: Volume 1; Issue 2;
March April 2013.
Book Name | 15
5. Dr. Garde Ganesh Krishna, AshtangHrudaysutrasthan , chaukhambasurbhartiprakashan,
2015, 2/1.
2015, 2/2-3.
7. Dr. Sharma anantram, SushrutaSanhitachikitsasthan, chaukhambasurbhartiprakashan,
2006, 24/14.
8. Prof.TripathiRavidatta,charak Samhita sutrasthan, chaukhamba Sanskrit pratishthan2019,
5/78-80.
2015, 2/5.
2015, 20/28-29.
5/27-36.
7/31-32.
2015, 2/8-9.
2015, 2/14.
5/94.
6/9-14.
6/19-21.
6/22-26.
6/27-30.
6/33-39.
6/41-45.
2015,1/15-16.
23. Prof.TripathiRavidatta,charak Samhita sutrasthan, chaukhamba Sanskrit
pratishthan2019,25/45.
5/12.
Book Name | 16
Chapter - 4

T. A. Syeeda Noor Fathima*
Abstract
In Ayurveda, perfect health is defined as "a balance between body, mind, spirit, and social
wellbeing." In fact, the twin concepts of balance and connectedness echo throughout
Ayurvedic texts, thought, and practice.
Ayurveda believes five basic elements Pancamahabhutas (space, air, fire, water and
earth) manifest in the human body as three basic humours known as tridosas (Vata, Pitta and
Kapha). These three govern creation, maintenance and destruction of bodily tissues as well as
the assimilation and elimination.
Ayurveda has two basic aims: First, to preserve the health of healthy people and to
help them attain the four principle aims of life (virtue, purpose or wealth, pleasure, and
release or liberation from cycle of rebirth); second, to treat illness and disease.
Introduction:
Ayurveda, or ayurvedic medicine, is a healthy-lifestyle system that people in India have used
for more than 5,000 years. Ayurveda emphasizes good health and prevention and treatment of
illness through lifestyle practices (such as massage, meditation, yoga, and dietary changes)
and the use of herbal remedies.
Ayurveda is a wellness practice that originated in India and is about 5,000 years old.
Ayurvedic medicine seeks to create a healthy strong body through a series of diet, exercise
and lifestyle practices, including sleep and mindful living.
The main aim of Ayurvedic medicine is to cleanse the body, re-establishing harmony
and balance.
The three Doshas are:
Vata (space and air)
Pitta (fire and water)
Kapha (water and earth)
Acharya Charaka says that the disease is caused when there is imbalance in these three
doshas.
We all know that in the ancient days there was only a medicine called ayurveda but
though the people of ancient days where so healthy and long living it’s because they had a
healthy lifestyle and regimens.
* 3rd year BAMS, Jain AGM Ayurvedic medical college and hospital
syeedanoorfathima@gmail.com
Book Name | 17
How to maintain health:
To maintain our health from any disease the main important we need is immunity. It is the
only one which can help us and save us from any harmful disease.
We can enjoy good health when we are able to tolerate the stress and when body
have ability to adapt to new threats and infirmity. This tolerance of mind and body towards
threats of environment is produced by one’s immunity of body.
Scholars of Ayurveda have explained ‘Concept of Immunity’ thousands of years back
which assures its importance in current situation of life. Ayurveda emphasizes not only on
treating disease but also maintaining the health by improving one’s immunity of body.
Immunity in Ayurveda is known by the word ‘Vyadishamathva’.
The term Vyadhi kshamathva is formed by two words Vyadi + Kshamathva
Vyadhi – Disease
Kshamathva – Resistance
It is the capacity of the body to resist the body
Factors that promote immunity
Birth in a country where people are naturally strong (birth place)
Being born at time when people naturally gain strength (time)
Favorable time and season
Excellence of the qualities of sperm and ovum of parents
Nutritious food
Excellent physical strength
Excellence of mind
Favorable disposition of race and species
Regular exercises
Optimistic, cheerful, positive
How to increase immunity:
Immunity boosting herbs of Ayurveda:
Guduchi – Tinospora cordifolia
Amalaki – Indian gooseberry
Yastimadhu – Licorice
Jyothismati – Celastrus paniculatus
Book Name | 18
Shatavari – Asparagus racemosus
Brahmi – Bacopa monnieri
Ashwagandha – Withania somnifera
Swarna Bhasma – Calx of Gold
Rajata Bhasma – Calx of silver
Swarnamakshika – Chalcopyrite
Rasayana Ayurvedic medicines to boost immunity
Chavanprash – Used for general immunity against viral infection, respiratory infection
Brahma Rasayana – Used for improving immunity in chronic diseases, cancer, fatigue and
tiredness.
Amalaka Rasayana – Acts as a natural source of Vitamin C and anti oxidants
Agastya Haritaki Rasayana – Mainly used for improving respiratory system immune
strength
Ashwaghandharista – Provides body with anti oxidants. Improves strength of muscles,
nerves, internal organs.
Ashwagandadi lehyam – Similar to ashwagandharishta, comes with more nutritive value.
Narasimha Rasayana – Classical description of this product says that, it makes the body as
strong as a lion.
Arogyavardini Vati – More commonly used in diseases, still useful to improve immunity
against liver infections and skin disorders
Brihat Rasa Chintamani – A very good nervine tonic, has metallic ingredients
Triphala Guggulu – Useful in bowel care and vein care.
Vasanthakusumakara Rasa – Used against urinary tract disorders and diabetes. Contains
metallic ingredients.
Lauha Bhasma – A natural source for iron. Useful in cardio-vascular care.
Other Ayurvedic medicines for immunity:
Maha kalyanaka ghritha
Brami ghritha
Sarasvatharista
Sarasvatha churna
Brahmi vati
Manasamitra vati
Book Name | 19
Ashwagandha Ghrita
Diets which are are sweet, unctuous in nature nourishes the tissues if take in proper quantity
and improves immunity.
Example – Milk, honey, jaggery, ghee, butter etc
Fruits – Grapes, apple, gooseberry, orange, custard apple,
Avoid – excess intake of spicy, sour, salty, bitter, extreme cold or hot food, fermented, dry
food.
Conclusion:
Ayurveda recommends a combination of good exercise routine, good choice of herbs, good
food, good conduct, Yoga and Pranayama – all these, when done as per rules leads to
boosting of immunity.
So, immunity treatment in Ayurveda, cannot be just done with just medicine or herbs.
It needs a holistic, all encompassing approach.
References:
Charaka shamitha
Book Name | 20
Chapter - 5
Role of Ayurveda in Public Health

Dr. Gufran Ahmed *
Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan2
Abstract
Ayurveda is an ancient medical science that has flourished for centuries. It is a science that
provides all the knowledge of life. It defines the aspects responsible for health and its
maintenance and promotion. As we all know that due to severe pollution, climate change,
population growth, and other socio-economic reasons, our world faces strong survival stress
from all living things and nature. Maintaining the fullness of nature and human health is a
great objection to the world and cannot be ignored. Ayurveda indicates prevention and health
promotion and provides treatment for the disease. Its primary goal is to achieve desirable
health and wellness through a comprehensive approach that addresses the mind, body,
behavior, and environment. It is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and
promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts. Ayurveda has an
excellent ability to reverse worsening health conditions worldwide and would be the best
choice to promote public health.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Health promotion, Public health, Survival.
Introduction
"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not simply an
absence of illness or disease." [1] WHO definition of health according to the concepts of
"Swasthya [2] Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine, which emphasizes the
prevention of bodily ailments rather than simply alleviating pathological problems or
symptoms. As in the main concepts of Ayurveda "Arogyam Mulamuttamam", Ayurveda has
given the greatest importance to Arogya (Health). The main objective of Ayurveda is
"Swasthasya Swasthyarakshanam" and "Aturasya Vikaraprashamanam", the context explains
the importance of maintaining and promoting health in health, together with the treatment of
diseases "Swasthya" means health, "Rakshanam" means protection, "Aturashya" means
patient, Vikara "means disease," Prashamanam "means relief. [3]
To achieve the public health goal for divergent ethnicities, their sociogeographic
specificity must be kept at the center along with individual specificities in framing treatment
guidelines and patient assessment for best outcome. Each person is different from the other
and therefore must be seen as a different entity, like many variations in the universe, many in
humans. [4] The concepts of health promotion are also enriched by an understanding of the
concepts of Punchamahabhutas, Ttridosha theory, ecological health, yoga, and Ayurvedic
nutrition. In Ashtanga Hridaya, it is well described that Dushya (Dhatu - cloth and Mala -
* Medical Student, Eram Medical College, Lucknow

E-mail : gufran1210@gmail.com, Mob. : 9451617224
2 Founder, Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan, E-mail : vishwaayurvedicsanghatan@gmail.com
Book Name | 21
excreta), Desha (Deha - human and Bhumi - the locality), Bala (Samarthya - resistance), Kala
(during the day and seasonal), Anala (different Agni state), Prakriti (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha),
Vaya (child, adult, and old age), Sattva (mind), Satmya (food and geographic compatibility),
Ahara (bittersweet, etc.), Avastha (various phenomenal states) , Sukshmasukshma (careful
observation), Esham (diseases) and Dosha Aushadha Nirupanam (who decides the
participation and Doshik drugs) are the fundamental principles that must be observed and
Ayurveda, there are two types of medications: those that promote the resistance of the body
and promote vitality and those who treat diseases. [5]
To achieve the public health goal for divergent ethnicities, their sociogeographic specificity
must be kept at the center along with their respective specificities in framing treatment
guidelines and patient evaluation for best results. [6]
Scopes
Ayurveda is widely used in India as a thriving primary health care system worldwide to
promote health. Ayurveda intends to create a happy, healthy and peaceful society. Above all,
the simple regimens described in the ancient classical texts are very useful in managing the
public health problems facing the world today. Swastavritta is personal hygiene; It is made up
of dinacharya (daily routine) and includes brushing your teeth, rinsing your mouth, rubbing
your tongue, bathing, exercising, nutrition, sleeping, etc. Ritucharya are the regimes and diet
that must be followed in the different seasons of the year. Sadvritta is an orbit of social
behavior and conduct of the individual based on religious rites and practices. Rasayana and
vajeekarana are the use of rejuvenating agents to prevent aging; They impart longevity,
immunity against disease and help improve mental faculties. Secondary prevention
emphasizes early diagnosis and treatment that can be achieved through various diagnostic
modalities, such as nadi pariksha (wrist examination), darshana (inspection), sparshana
(palpation), and prashna (interrogation), etc. And treatment modalities such as shaman
(attenuation) and Sodhana (purification). [7] Yoga is an atomistic science that encompasses
physical, moral, social, mental, and spiritual well-being.
According to Ayurveda, diseases occur due to imbalances (attributed to stress) in this state of
health of the body and mind. Ayurvedic treatment modalities aim to correct this imbalance
and focus on improving digestion and removing toxins from the body. It follows an
integrated approach to disease prevention and treatment and seeks to maintain or restore
harmony between mind, body, and the forces of nature. [8]
In the Ayerveda literature Vagabhata and Sharangadhar have emphasized this. The
progressive deterioration of the body's characteristics is ten years, which establishes the
milestones of aging. Now, one day, we see that people do not maintain discipline, due to their
work model or from there, an intense program. People are improving, but they are not
adequate to maintain health and self-satisfaction. The only way to be healthy and gratified
Dincharya should be followed. Our stressful and demanding daily routine is necessary to
bring about a radical change in the body, mind and consciousness.
Book Name | 22
Dincharya helps to establish balance in one's constitution (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha). It
also determines and regulates a person's biological clock, aids digestion, absorption, and
assimilation, and generates self-esteem, disciplines peace, happiness, and longevity.
Dincharya is the collective information of all the practices to promote health and prevent
diseases followed by the ancient sages. Ayurveda primarily refers to longevity, the notion of
which is not limited to long life only, but limits all conditions for living healthily and vitally
for healthy death, in the sense of the natural end-of-life cycle experienc. Therefore, in
Ayurveda, the concept of public health, which also includes all ages, fundamentally focuses
on the individual capacity to grow old in good health, understood as the complete realization
of life. [9]
Ayurveda also recommends many therapies to maintain our mental, physical and
spiritual health. Ancient techniques, therapy (Rasayana), Panchakarma, Yoga are accepted to
achieve the following treatment goals:
1. Strengthen the immune system.
2. Efficient detoxification system.
3. Reactive inflammatory system.
4. Optimal metabolic system.
5. Balanced regulatory system.
6. Improved regenerative system.
7. Exhaustion of life force.
8. Elimination of free radicals or antioxidants.
Noble contribution of Ayurveda to modern day health scenario: [10]
In this era of lifestyle disorders, Panchakarma and Rasayana therapy is the only hope for
health care, the WHO has accepted the same of traditional medicines.
• In the prevention of diseases: metabolic, genetic, allergic, autoimmune diseases,
seasonal variations, aging / geriatrics.
• Alternative therapy: allergic disorders, immune system disorders, rheumatoid arthritis
and other collagen disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, skin disorders,
gastrointestinal disorders.
• Complementary cooperation area - Cancer, DM, IHD, CVA, latrogenic disorders, Br
Asthma, Neuromuscular disorders, Psychosomatic diseases - Ulcerative colitis, IBS,
Psychological disorders - Stress syndromes, Sleep disorders, MSD, Joint disorders
and many others.
Challenges
The main challenge for Ayurveda health promotion is to produce competent Ayurvedic
medical professionals; perhaps the existing system has not been entirely successful in
Book Name | 23
building trust among Ayurveda graduates to practice pure Ayurveda. There may be several
reasons in this regard, including the student's inability to understand the basic principles and
concepts of Ayurvedic practice, inadequate infrastructure in Ayurvedic institutions, unskilled
teachers, etc. Another important provocation is the lack of adequate practical exposure in
clinical practice.
Several other factors might contribute to such issues & discrepancies, for example:
• Lack of standardization and quality control of medicinal herbs used in clinical trials
and the use of different doses of medicinal herbs.
• Inadequate randomisation in most studies and inadequately selected group of patients.
The number of patients in most studies is inadequate to achieve statistical
significance.
• Difficulty establishing an adequate placebo due to taste, aroma, etc.
• Great disparity in the duration of treatments with medicinal herbs.
• In an effective and unresponsive educational system
• sincere government support
• Poor conditions of Ayurvedic educational institutions.
• Poor state of Ayurvedic institutions administered by the government.
• Loss of confidence of Ayurvedic doctors in their system.
• Misunderstanding among the public about the delayed effect of Ayurvedic drugs.
• Creation by means of the toxic effects of traditional medicines due to the use of
minerals and metals.
• No link / understanding / collaboration between Ayurveda sponsoring countries to
contrast negative market strategies
Despite these formidable obstacles many significant intellectual efforts can take to promote
Ayurveda towards public health promotion. [11]
1. Create awareness of the principles of Ayurvedic and Ayurvedic treatment.
2. Standardization and quality control of medicinal herbs with appropriate clinical
studies.
3. Describe the line of treatments available to overcome stress and stress-related
ailments.
4. Evaluate treatment methods with available scientific evidence and easy-to-take
medications.
5. Demonstrate its utility in addressing public health problems.
Book Name | 24
To Sum up:
The world awaits Ayurveda's help in solving its health problems. Government of India is
ready to offer financial assistance for the development of Ayurveda as an international brand.
All those interested in Ayurveda, that is, researchers, professionals, teachers, legislators,
professional organizations of Ayurvedic professionals, must answer the call of time.
Conclusion
Today, public health is gaining momentum everywhere and is a good sign for traditional
medical systems to meet the needs of the day. Public health as a direction is seen primarily as
part of the same flow of community medicine. But the ancient Ayurvedic texts describe some
principles of public health in their languages. Although classical Ayurvedic texts describe
many principles, such as infectious diseases, immunity, nutrition, etc., which are very
common problems in public, this document summarizes the concept of public health.
Ayurveda is the best option to achieve the goal of public health and personal health.
References
1. Constitution of the World Health Organization Am J Public Health Nations Health.
1946;36(11):1315–23. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.36.11.1315.
2. Acharya YT, editor. Susrutha Samhitha of Susrutha with Dalhana Tika. Varanasi:
Chaukhambha Orientalia; 1992. (Sushrut, Sutrasthan 15/48)
3. Acharya YT, editor. Chraka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana;
Arthedashamahamuliya. Ch. 30, Ver. 26. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha
Orientalia; 2011. p. 187.
4. Paradkar HS, editor. Ashtang Hridaya of Vagbhata, Sutra Stahna; Doshabhediya. Ch.
12, Ver. 67-68. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2006.
p. 207.
5. Paradkar HS, editor. Ashtang Hridaya of Vagbhata, Sutra Stahna; Doshabhediya. Ch.
12, Ver. 67-68. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2006.
p. 207.
6. http://www.ayujournal.org/text.asp?2015/36/1/3/169005 accessed date:1st March
2019
7. Janmejaya et al: The Concept of Public Health in Ayurveda, IAMJ: Volume 1; Issue
2; March – April 2013 1.00pm.
8. https://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133135.htm, accessed
date:1st March 2019. 2.40pm
9. Eriksson M, Lindstrom B. Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and its relation with
quality of life: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007;
61(11):938–44. doi: 10. 1136 / jech. 2006. 056028
Book Name | 25
10. Prof. M. S. Baghel- Ayurveda India-global scenario.ppt visited on December
13,2018..
11. https://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133135.htm, Last accessed
date 28 February-2019
Book Name | 26
Chapter - 6
Kshar Karm in Nail Diseases - A Case Study

Dr. Shivpal Khandizod *
Dr. Sachin Padwal**
Abstract:
Ayurved is one of the oldest medical sciences.[1] Ayurved holisticaly deals with every
aspect of human body.The recent advantages of science technology and researches in
ayurveda has promoted its utlity and established its importance in medical field.In ayurved
we come across a group of diseases which are described as kshudra rog. [2] kunakh is one of
the kshudra rog .[3] Improper hygine ,dirty water contact ,incorrect nail trimming techniques
are some of its causes.[4]
Key words : Nail,nail avulsion ,kunakh,kshudra rog .
Introduction:
Shalya tantra is the one of eight branches –astang of ayurved.[5]
Ayurveda has two main aims .one is disease cure and second is health maintianance. [1]
In Ayurveda kunakh disease is described in Sushrut samhita. [3]
Due to above mentioned causes soil dirt pus formation occurs it is chippa [upnakh], nail bed
is injured ,shape of nail changed and become dry it is kunakh.[6]
onychocryptosis is also a common and frequently occuring problem related with nails. The
tissues along the sides of toenail become inflamed. [7]
Common symptoms: [8]
“नखमाां समधिष्ठाय धित्तां वातश्र्च वेदनाम।
करोधत दाहिाकौ च तां व्यािी धचप्पमाधदशेत॥19॥
तदे व क्षतरोगाख्यतथोिनखधमत्यधि॥20॥
अधिघातात प्रदु ष्टो यो नखो रुक्षोઽधसत:खर:।
िवेत्तां कुनखां धवद्यात कुलीनधमधत सांधितम॥सु.धन.13/21
Pain, burning pain, pus formation at nail side tissue are sings in chippa. blackening of nail,
roughness and hardness are sings of kunakh.[6]
There are 3 stages according to modern science.
* Professor, Vice Principle, ARAC Ayurved College, Ashwi,

Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
** PG Scholar, ARAC Ayurved College, Ashwi, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Corresponding Author : Dr.Shivpal Khandizod
Professor, ARAC Ayurved College, Ashwi, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Book Name | 27
Stage 1: erythema,pain,pressure edema.
Stage 2: increase in above symptoms,wound become locally infected and starts to drain .
Stage 3: symptoms amplified,associated formation of granulomatus tissue and lateral wall
hypertrophy.[9]
Materials:
1] Hetu: etiological factors-
1] Hetu is set of factors causing disease formation.
According to Ayurved kunakh ,chippa can happen due to many causes like injury to
nailbed, pus formation , dirty water contact ,accumulation of soil in nailbed. [4]
2] Patient of nail disease was taken from OPD of Shalya tantra department in Ashwin rural
ayurvedic college and hospital, Manchi.
3] Hetu for patient:
As told by patient he is farmer and due to daily farming work he comes in contact with
soil,water.Improper hygiene,no washing of feets leads to inflammation and later pus
formation in nailbed tissues.
Pathogenesis [samprapti]:
Dirty soil moisture accumulation in nail bed tissues
pitta vaat prakop daah paak vedana nakh mans dusthi
chippa kunakh.
Methods
A] Treatment:
1] In ayurveda there are specific guidelines to treat wounds with pratisaraniykshar. [10]
तत्रप्रधतसारणीय:कुष्ठधकधििदद्रु मण्डलधकलासिगांदरार्ुुदाशोदु ष्टव्रणनाडी
चमुकीलधतलकालकन्यच्छव्यांगमशकर्ाह्यधवद्रधिक्रुधमधवषाधदषूिधदश्यते।
सप्तसुचमुखरोगेषूिधिव्हाઽधिधिव्होिकुशदन्तवैदिे षुधतस्रुषुचरोधहणीषु ,एतेष्वेवानुशस्रप्रधणिानमुक्तम्॥” सु.सु.11/7
I am going to explain a case of chippa.

• Case report:
Patient name : Dhananjay ,
Sex : Male Age: 46 years
Book Name | 28
Occupation : Farmer Weight: 62kg
A – 46 years old male reported to the Ashwin rural ayurvedic college and hospital,
Manchi, Sangamner, with complaints of pain,burning pain , swelling and difficulty in
walking on right toenail, since 3 days.
He had same history of swelling nail 5 to 6 times before.For that he taken allopathic
medicine.recuurence was frequent so he visited.
He visited to Shalya tantra OPD for further management.
Patient was thoroughly examined and detailed history was taken.
• Differential diagnosis:
1] Non daibetic
2] No any forein body inside.
Duration of the study was 15 days.
Follow up was taken on 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 10th and 15th day of treatment.
B] Methods for drug preparation:
pratisaraniy kshaar was prepared as per Sushrut samhita in Ras shastra department in
guidance of Dravyagun department of our college.[10]
[11]
• Ingredients of pratisaaraniy kshar :
kutaj 1part
nimb 1part
bibhitak 1par
aargwadh 1part
vasa 1part
karanj 1part
chitrak 1part
• pachhat lepan dravya: aml varg ras ghrut .
C] Administration of drug:
1) Consent, surgical preparation, local anesthesia (1%lignocain) as a ring block as
the base of the digit.
2) Esanguination and badal tourniquet.
3) Partial nail avulsion and Pratisarniya kahar application--
a) Cut,approximately junction of proximal and lateral nail folds with nail splitter.
longitudinal thin strip of nail plate
Book Name | 29
b) Grasp this separated longitudinal nail strip with artery force and twist inwards towards
the remaining nail plate to abuse the nail strip
d) Cleanse and remove any fragments
e) Local administration of pratisaaraniy kshar in lateral matrix cavity and lateral nail fold
groove with pratisarniya kshar a cotton swab stick for 100seconds.
f] Afterwords lemon juice,goghrut pichu aplication on wound surface to reduce the
burning pain.
Post operative care-
1] sukhshma trifala vati 2 bd for 5days
2] gandhak rasaayan 2 tab bd for 5 days
4] if needed trifala churn kwath for dressing the wound.
With above local pratisaaraniy kshar and medicinal treatment, diet and hygiene plan was
advised .follow up was taken up to 15 days.
1] 1st day: pratisaaraniy kshar application.
2] 2nd day: dressing with trifala kwath and proper bandage.
3] Complete healthy diet.
4] Advised no contact with soil and dirty moisture.
5] Investigations were done before and after treatment
Observations:
a] Table for observations in symptoms:
Symptoms
Sr.no. Follow up
pain at burnig difficulty in total %
toenail pain walking
at toenail
1 On 1st day +++ +++ +++ 9 [100%]
2 On 2nd day +++ ++ +++ 8 [88%]

3 On 5th day + no + 2 [22%]
4 On 10th day no no no 0 [0%]
5 On 15th day nil nil nil 0 [0%]
b] Investigations before and after:

1] Blood glucose before and after was done –result- non diabetic
2] X-ray right foot was done before treatment to rule out any fracture bone involvement.
Book Name | 30
Result:
On completion of treatment for 15 days patient was able to move his feet with no
pain, movement was free, there was no any wound or pus.waliking difficulty was totally
absent.
Discussion:
Sushrut samhita is oldest literature in ayurveda to guide surgical treatements.
Sushrut samhita has described all does and don’ts about disease also good
management to cure the disease.
We gave all directions to patient foot care life style modification and diet plan.
At the end of treatment patient was happy as his symptoms were absent as compared
to at starting of treatment.
Conclusion:
Ayurveda has potency to cure diseases.Sushrut samhita is surgical guide in day to day
practice for all diseases. Modifications and with research techniques our old knowelege is
gold and can be very effective if used with proper conditions.
Bibliography:
[1] Sushruta samhita,by kaviraaj dr.Ambikadatta shastri ,published by Chaukhamba
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,sutra sthan, chapter1, line no. 22.
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,nidaan sthan, chapter13.
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,nidaan sthan, chapter13, line no. 3.
[4] Fishman HC.Practical therepy for ingrown toenails.Cutis.1983;32159-
160[PubMed][GooleScholar][Ref list].
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,sutra sthan, chapter1 , line no.6.
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,nidaan sthan, chapter13, line no. 20-21.
[7] Ceilly RI,collision DW.Matricectomy.Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology
.1992;18(8):728-734.[PubMed][Google Scholar][Ref list].
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,nidan sthan, chapter13, line no21.
[9] Gillette RD.Practical management of ingrown toenail.Postgraduate Medicine.1988;
84(8)145-151.[PubMed][GoogleScholar][Ref list].
Book Name | 31
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,sutra sthan, chapter11, line no11.
Sanskrit sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,sutra sthan, chapter11, line no12.
Reference:-
1] Asthang Hruday, sartha Vagbhat by dr.Ganesh krushna Garde,Raghuvanshi prakashan,
8th edition 1996, uttar tantra ,chapter 36-37 .
2] Sushruta samhita,kaviraaj dr.Ambikadatta shastri ,published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit
sansthan, 14th edition, part 1,sutra sthan 11.nidan sthan, chapter13.
3] Sharangdhara samhita by Acharya:Radhakrishna Parashar, edited by Shri.Vaidyanatha
Ayu.Bhavan ltd., 4th edition ,nov.1994-madhayam khanda.chapter 11.
4] Bhaishajya ratnavali shree .Govindadas virchit by vd.Lalchandjai vaidya.edited by
Motilal Banarasidas Jainendra press New Delhi, 7th edition reprint2007, kshydra
rogadhikar chapter77.
Abrevations:
1] सु.सु.-sushrut samhita sutra sthan.
2] सु.धन.-sushrut samhita nidaan sthan.

3] OPD-outer patient department.
4] bd- two times a day.
Book Name | 32
Chapter - 7
Ayurvedic Management of Sidhmakushtaw.s.r to

(TineaVersicolor) – A single Case study
Ashish D Kamble *
Sanjeevani N Rathod**
Rajan B Kulkarni***
Abstract :
Tineaversicolor is a common fungal skin disorder that causes patches over skin that
are lighter or darker body often on the torso and shoulders. It is of great socio-medical
importance. Due to side effects and limitationof the modern contemporary practice, there is
need to find some harmless and effective medicines from Alternative medical sciences.
TineaVersicoolor have major impact on quality of life of patients, many of patients feel
stigmatized and depressedby their condition.Ayurveda has great potential to treat such auto
skin diseases. In Ayurveda It is correlated with SidhmaKushta,treatment of sidhmakushta is
sharirshodhana i.e.panchkarma and shaman chikitsa. Here a case of17yr old female patient
of sidmakushta treated with Ayurvedic management which include medication like
arogyavardhinivati, vidangarishta etc and local application.
Keywords: Sidhmakushta, Shamana, Ayurveda, Tinea Vesrsicolor.
Introduction:
Skin is the largest organ1 of the body interacting with environmental stimuli and being
aprotective coat to body interface with these causative factors result in spontaneous
remissionsand relapses. In Ayurveda skin is one of the panchdyanendriya. Any skin disease
causesphysical, psychologicaland economical handicapping of the patient, as it is
visible.Sidmakushtadescribed as one of the typeskshudrakushta
byAcharyaShushrutaandVaghbhata ,while it isdescribedunderMahakushtabyCharak in
Ayurved literatures. Incompatible food (Viruddha-annapana), excessive intake of
liquid(drava),oily(snigdha) andheavy to digest(guru padartha), all type of vegadharan,
exercise after heavy meals, excessiveexposure to heat or sunlight etc2.
* PG Scholar, Kayachikitsa faculty, ASS Ayurved Mahavidyalaya & Arogyashala Rugnalaya,

MUHS University, Panchvati, Nashik
E-mail : dr.ashishkamble93@gmail.com, Mob. : 8378803894 ; 9518747505
** Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, ASS Auyurved Mahavidyalaya and
Arogyashala Rugnalaya, MUHS University, Panchvati, Nashik
E-mail : sanjivanirathod431@gmail.com, Mob. : 8007229141
*** Professor and head, Department of Kayachikitsa, ASS Auyurved Mahavidyalaya and
ArogyashalaRugnalaya, MUHS University, Panchvati, Nashik
E-mail : vaidyarajankulkarni@gmail.com, Mob. : 9823350440
Book Name | 33
Now-a-days we see increasing number of skin diseases due to changing dietary
habits,stressfullifestyle, addiction and sleeping pattern.According to Ayurvedaconsistent and
long term intakeof virrudhaaahar-vihara leads to formation of Garavisha.Garavisha can be
defined as nothing but the collection of the toxin which is produced dueto virrudhaaahara-
vihara over a long duration of time3. This Garavisha,one of the causativefactor for multiple
skin diseases like sidmakushta.
Sidhmakushta is just not a disease of today’s era,the word sidhma has its root in the
Sanskrit‘Shweta’, which white patch. It means reflection of white colour.AcharyaCharaka
has mentioned variouscauses out of which Virudhaaaharsevana important one.
Tineaversicolor is adermatologicaldisorder manifest by white patches of the skin7,and the
hairs from the affectedskin may also become white. TineaVersicolor isdispigmentation of the
skin resulting in discolouredpatches,which may be lighter or darker surrounding the skin
mainly the ttrunk and shoulders.
Treatment for TineaVersicolorin conventional medicine includes topical steroids,
systemic steroids,Anti-fungalsoinments,cream etc. Considering the limitations of
contemporary medicine system, Ayurveda has much convincing approach for Tineaversicolor
hence an honest attempt is made to manage tineaversicolor through traditional medicine.
Case Report:-
Patient name – ABC
Age- 17 years
Sex – Female
Occupation- Student
Chief complaints -
A 17 year old female having complaint of hypo pigmented patches around face and
nape of neck, over chest region since last one year, came to our kayachikitsa OPD for
Ayurvedic treatment. The patches were non itchy and hypo pigmented.
History-
History revealed that patient is non hypertensive, no diabetic and did not have any
symptoms of endocrinal disorders.
Family history: Nil
Personal History
Aahar: Akal Bhojan, Vishamashan, Virudhaaahar, tea 2-3 times /day,
Ushna, ruksha, atisnigdhapadharthasevan.
Vihara- ratrijagran,diwaswapna intermittently.
Medicinal history – patient was taken allopathic treatment past 8 months but doesn’t get
relief,so patient came to our hospital for Ayurvedic treatment.
Book Name | 34
Past history-Patient had hypopigmentationsince 1 year for that she had taken allopathic
treatment but got no relief.And the size of the patch gradually increasing,so she came to our
hospital for Ayurvedic management.
On examination:
Pulse: 82/min
BP: 110/80 mm of Hg
Systemic examination:
CVS: S1S2 Normal
CNS: Conscious, Oriented
RS: AEEBS,B/L Clear
Local examination:
Color: White
Appearance: Hypo pigmented, whitish Patch
Discharge: Nil
Prakruti: Vata Pitta
Dosha: Vata (++), Kapha (++), Pitta (++)
Dushya: Rasa, Rakta
Strotas: Rasavaha, Raktavaha
Agni: Jathargnimandya, Rasadhatwgnimandya
Satwa: Madyam
Ayurvedic Criteria for SidhmaKushta
श्वेतां ताम्रां तनु च यद्रिो घ्रष्टां धवमुञ्चधत अलार्ूिुष्पवणु तत् धसध्मां प्रायेण चोरधस ||१९||च. धच.७
Diagnosis: Sidhmakushta (TineaVersicolor)

Dosha- vata-kaphapradhanTridosha
Dushya- Tvak, Rakta, Mansa, Ambu
Book Name | 35
These taken together, constitute the seven fold pathogenic substance of Kushta.
(Kushthadravyasangraha.
Treatment Principle:
As Nidanand Sampraptiof Sidhmakushtais similar to Kushta. So the treatment
principal of KushtaChikitsashall be applied in SidhmaChikitsa. Depending upon the nature
and intensity of vitiated Dosha’ssignificant therapy should be selected. In addition,
Shamanadrugs are administered as it provides additional relief and thus helps in eradicating
the diseases completely. With some stimulatory drugs function of Brajaka Pitta should be
reestablished (BahyaParimarjan).
Treatment Schedule:
Dravya Matra Anupana
Arogyavardhiniwati 2 BD Koshnajal
Krumikuthar rasa 2 BD Koshnajal
Vidangarishta 10 ml BD Koshnajal
Mangishtakwatha 10 ml BD Koshnajal
Triphalachurna 2gm HS Koshnajal
This was given for 15 days.

Shaman chikitsa: On 2ndfollow-up
1) Arogyavardhiniwati 2BD
2) Sarivadyasav 10 ml BD
3) Mahamangishtadikwath 10 ml BD
4) Rasmanikya rasa 125mg+Sarivachurna 1gm BD with Goghrita
Local application – NimbaTaila.
On follow-up, Patient had significant relief form above treatment modality, Patches
were becoming normal,Hypopigmentation reduced to an extent. During this treatment period
patient was advised to avoid fast food ,spicy food ushnatikshadravya ,
atisheetaatiushnaahara-vihara.
Observations:
Before TreatmentAfter Treatment
Book Name | 36
After Shaman Chikitsa and local application of Nimba Tail Patient noticed marked
decrease in above all the symptoms like hypo pigmented patches around face, nape of neck,
and shoulders and chest area.
It is observed that, the Pachana, Shaman Chikitsa and local application of Nimbataila
is effective in the Sidhma.
Discussion:
Sidhma is a vata-kaphapradhanatridoshajaVyadhi. Progression of this disease is
rapid, so the management should be taken in proper time to arrest the pathogenesis. Firstly
we gave DePachana along with below medicines;
Arogyavardhini wati8, Krumikuthar rasa9and Vidangarishta10causesApatarpan, which
helps in opening the blockage ofstrotasa, and also plays an important role with Kushthgna
properties.
Mangishta kwatha11 acts as a RaktaprasadanDraya.
Triphalachurna plays important role as a deepanaandpachanadrugs.
Nimba (AzadirachtaIndica) - Its active chemical compound like azadirachtin ,nimbin acts as
anti-inflammatory ,fungicidal ,anti-bacterial etc.
Theshaman chikitsa is given which includes Arogyavardhiniwati, Sarivadyasav,
Mahamangishtadikwath both act as Raktashuddhikar and varnprasadan, andRasmanikya
rasa 125mg + Sarivachurna 1gmwith Goghritawhich is effective in treatment of
Sidhmakushta..
For local application Nimbataila is used. In this the Nimba is the main ingredient. It is
a renowned herb with many therapeutic properties. In Ayurvedic system of medicine, Nimba
leaves, roots ,barkare used for the treatment of many skin diseases. It contains Azadirachtin,
Nimbin are chemical compound which is an active component which is used topically as
well as systemically in the treatment of Tineaversicolor.
Conclusion:
From the above discussion, we have concluded that Ayurvedic line of management
i.e. DeepanaShaman Chikitsa and local application of Nimbatailais successful in the
management of Sidhmakushta. As far As the disease chronicity is concerned, for more
effective results the treatment duration should be lengthened.
References:
1) Principles of Anatomy and Physiology By G.J. Tortora and B.Derrickson Edition 11
Chapter no.5,Page No. 145
2) SusrutaSamhita of Susruta with the Nibandhasamgraha Commentary of Sri.
Dalhanacharyaand the NyayachandrikaPanjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on
Nidanasthana Ed. from the beginningto the 5th Adhyaya of 13 shloka By Vd.
Book Name | 37
JadavjiTrikamjiAcharyand the rest By Narayan RamAcharya “Kavyatirtha”
ChaukhambhaOrientalia, Varanasi. Reprint Edition: 1992 Page no. 285
3) Agnivesa, Charaksamhita, Revised By charak & dradhabal with the Ayurveda-Dipika
commentary of Chakrapanidatta edited by VaidyaJadavajiTrikamjiAcharya /
chaukhambhaprakashanvaranasi/reprint 2009; Chikitsasthana, 7/26 Page no.451
4) Tewari PV. KashyapaSamhitaChaukhambaVisvabharati,Varanasi, chikitsastana 9th
chapter5.Sushruta. SusrutaSamhita, edited with AyurvedaTattva-Sandipika Hindi
commentary by KavirajaAmbhikauttaShastri , Volume 1,
ChaukhambhaSanskritSansthan, Varanasi, Nidanasthana, Chapter 5,Pp: 824,
pg.no.286.
5) John A.A.Hunter (ed.). Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine., Churchill
living Stone, 2002,edition-18th, 13th chapter, Pp:1175, Pg. no:907
6) Lotti T. Pigmentary Disorders, Dermatologic Clinics, 2007; Vol. 25(3).
7) Rasendrasarsangraha- JwaraRogadhikara 13-105
8) Rasa Tantra Sara-Sidha YogaSangrahaKharaliya Rasayana-60
9) Sharangdharsamhita, Pandit. Sharangdharacharya; elaborated by Dr,
BramhanandTripathi with Hindi-Deepika commentary, Choukhamba-
surbhartiprakashan, Varanasi, india-40131, Mandyamkhanda,chapter10, page no-257
10) Sharangdharsamhita, Pandit. Sharangdharacharya; elaborated by Dr,
BramhanandTripathi with Hindi-Deepika commentary, Choukhamba-
surbhartiprakashan, Varanasi, india-40131, Mandyamkhanda,Chapter-2,page no-154
11) CharakSamhita: KashinathShashtri, GorakhNathChaturvedi, ChoukhambhaBharati
Academy, Varanasi, 1998. 2. SushrutSamhita: AmbikadattaShashtri, 12th edition,
ChoukhambhaSanskrut, Pratishthan, Varanasi, 2001
12) Parameswarappa’sAyurvediyaVikrutivijanana&RogVijanana: Dr. P.S.
ByadgiChoukhamba publications, New Delhi Varanasi.
13) Kayachikitsa – Vd. Y.G. Joshi: Punesahityavitaran
14) MadhavNidanam: VaidyaSudarshanShastri, 28th edition, choukhambha Sanskrit
Pratisthan, Varanasi, 1999
15) Bhavprakashnighantu- Dr. K. C. Chunekar& Dr. G. S. Pandey: ChoukhambaBharati
Academy,
16) DravyagunaVigyan-Vd. Vishnu M. Gogate: VaidyamitraPrakashan, Pune.
17) N.C.Basu, School of Tropical Medicines, Calcutta.
18) Dravyagunavigyan – Dr. VinodPatamge, Dr. AmitLingayat: Late Dr. C.P. Lingayat
Foundation, Pune.
19) Internet
Book Name | 38
20) ShabdaKalpadruma – Vol-5, pg.no: 180 2. Tewari PV.
KashyapaSamhitaChaukhambaVisvabharati, Varanasi, chikitsastana 9th chapter.
Book Name | 39
Chapter - 8
Observational Analytical Study To Assess Asthikshaya In

Walkers And In Non-Walkers With Special Reference To
Osteoporosis By Evaluating Bone Mineral Density And
Serum Calcium
Dr. Yashashree B. Kulkarni *
Dr. Bhairav Kulkarni**
Abstract –
Ayurveda is known as the science of life. The main aim of Ayurveda is to maintain
health of the healthy person and to cure the illness of diseased person.[1] In Ayurved
nidanpanchaka is described as tool of disease diagnosis.[2] Upashaya in nidanpanchaka has
described in 18 types. Among that Hetuviparitathkari Upashay is one type which can be also
specified as Aharatmak ,Viharatmak and Aushadhiupashay.[3] According to Ayurveda;Vat ,
Pitta and Kapha are the pillars(tristhuna) of human body.[4] Vat and Asthi has
Ashrayashrayibhav and inversely proportional to each other so Asthikshaya causes
Vatprakopa according to samhitas.[5] But here we are studying walking as a Upashayatmak
factor for Asthikshaya.
To assess role of walking in prevention of Asthikshaya with special reference to
Osteoporosis by evaluating Bone Mineral Density and Serum Calcium (BMD) and Serum
calcium levels in Asthikshaya. It is observational comparative analytical study.Duration of
study will be 18 months. Total number of 250 subjects will be selected according to criteria,
divided in to two groups. Group A – 125subjects-active walkers. Group B – 125 subjects-
non active walkers.
Bone densitometry: A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures how much calcium and
other types of minerals are in an area of your bone . There are two types of this test. Here I
will using the following type.Peripheral DEXA (p-DEXA). These smaller machines measure
the bone density in your wrist, fingers, leg, or heel.The most common and accurate way uses
a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. DEXA uses low-dose x-rays.
Measurements: T-score compares your bone density with that of a healthy young women
a) normal : A T-score is within the normal range if it is -1.0 or above.
b) abnormal: T-score- Between -1 and -2.5, you may have early bone loss (osteopenia).
Keywords – Asthikshya, Walkers non walkers
* PG Scholar, Rognidan Deptt., CSMSS Ayurved College, Aurangabad

Contact – yashdesh7@gmail.com
**
Associate Professor, Kayachikitsa Dept. ARAC, Manchihill
Book Name | 40
Introduction:-
Ayurveda is known as the science of life. The main aim of Ayurveda is to maintain
health of the healthy person and to cure the illness of diseased person.[1]In Ayurved
nidanpanchaka is described as tool of disease diagnosis.[2]Upashaya in nidanpanchaka has
described in 18 types. Among that Hetuviparitarthkari Upashaya is one type which can be
also specified as Aharatmak , Viharatmak and Aushadhi upashaya.[3] According to Ayurveda;
Vat , Pitta and Kapha are the pillars(tristhuna) of human body.[4]Vat and Asthi has
Ashrayashrayibhav and inversely proportional to each other so Asthikshaya causes
Vatprakopa according to samhitas.[5] But here we are studying walking as a Upashayatmak
factor for Asthikshaya.
Kshaya means loss , decline, decay, diminution or waning. Dalhan has aptly defined
kshaya as ‘swapramanhaani’.[6] So whereas Chakrapanidatta described it as rahasaha or
nyuntvam. These three Sanskrit words together are more than sufficient to explain the present
concept of Asthikshaya. In Ayurveda under the heading Asthikshaya many signs and
symptoms are described as AsthiThoda, DanthaBhanga,NakhaBhanga, Roukshyam,
Paarushyam, Kesha Prapatanam, Loma Prapatanam, NakhaPrapatanam,
SmasruPrapatanam, Sramah, Sandhi Shaithilyam, AsthiBadhaMamsabhilaasha. [7]
Osteoporosis is a generic term referring to a state of decreased mass per unit volume
of a normally mineralized bone due to loss of bone proteins.[8]Osteoporosis is the most
common skeletal disorder in the world, next only to arthritis. In Osteoporosis there is a long
latent period before clinical symptoms develop. Osteoporosis can be present without any
symptoms for decades because osteoporosis doesn't cause symptoms until bone breaks
(fractures). Moreover, some osteoporotic fractures may escape detection for years when they
do not cause symptoms. Therefore, subjects may not be aware of their osteoporosis until they
suffer a painful fracture. The symptom associated with osteoporotic fractures usually is pain;
the location of the pain depends on the location of the fracture. The symptoms of
osteoporosis in men are similar to the symptoms of osteoporosis in women. Most prevalent
complications are fractures of vertebral bodies, ribs, proximal femur, humerus, distal radius
with minimal trauma.[9]
Osteoporosis is a growing public health problem worldwide and is one of the most
common bone disorder in India. The term describe a group of disorder in which absolute
bone mass is less than normal. Osteoporosis affect > 10 million individual in the United
States, but only a small proportion are diagnosed and treated. Currently it is estimated that
over 200 million people worldwide suffer from this disease.[10]
Average age of population is on rise. Average age of Indian population is 62 years at
present (47 years in 1947). Decadal growth rate for population above 60 year age is 5-8%
higher than that for total population. India is expected to have 11 Crore senior citizens (>60
year age) by year 2015. Aging, too, is an important cause of osteoporosis[11].
Saushirya is an action of Vatdosh.[12]Asthishosh and fractures are a feature of
Asthigatvaat.[13]Medodhatu provides nutrition to asthidhatu (Asthipushti) whereas as this
Book Name | 41
Soushirya (dourbalya, laghav) is a feature of majjakshaya. Shosha by itself is a
vatprakoplakshan.[14]
Asthikshaya (decrease in bone tissue) is a condition explained in Ayurveda, under the
heading of Ashtadashakshayas.[15]In Asthikshaya there is diminution of Asthidhatu. Similar to
this, there is a condition known as Osteoporosis in western medicine which means 'Porous
bones'[16]. Thus Asthikshaya can be correlated with Osteoporosis.
Walking will prevent further bone thinning; a good program of walking will help to
maintain bone density. To keep those T-scores in Bone Mineral Density from dropping,
walking is just about the easiest way to exercise. In brisk walking, bones respond to pressure
by building more bone; while jumping rope, jogging, and team sports like basketball are ideal
bone-builders.[16]
WHO defines low bone mass on the basis of T score i.e. standard deviation (SD) of
bone mineral density (BMD) with reference to mean of young adult population.
T Score: 0.00 to –1.00 Normal ; -1.00 to -2.5 Osteopenia ; < -2.5 Osteoporosis.
T score of less than -2.5 SD and evidence of one or more fragility fractures means
established osteoporosis. A fragility fracture is one which occurs due to fall from no greater
than standing height of an individual or with normal use.[18]
Calcium metabolism refers to the movements and regulation of calcium ions (Ca2+)
into and out of various body compartments, such as the gastrointestinal tract, the blood
plasma, the extracellular and the intracellular fluid, and bone tissue. An important aspect of
calcium metabolism is plasma calcium homeostasis, the regulation of calcium ions in the
blood plasma within narrow limits.[19] In this process, bone tissue acts a calcium storage
center for deposits and withdrawals as needed by the blood, via continual bone
remodeling.[20] A low calcium intake may be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis
in later life.
Asthikshaya is a geriatric physiological phenomenon and in today’s world everyone
wants to be a happy and healthy adult. For to be a healthier older adult along with medication
(if required) exercise is also important. To prevent further hazards of osteoporosis in older
adults Bone Mineral Density and serum calcium level will help to evaluate Asthikshaya.
Aim and Objective:-
1. To assess role of walking in prevention of Asthikshaya with special reference to
Osteoporosis by evaluating Bone Mineral Density and Serum Calcium.
2. To study and compile Asthikshaya with special reference to Osteoporosis
1. To define concept of walkers and non walkers.
2. To study role of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Serum calcium levels in
Asthikshaya
Book Name | 42
Materials And Methods:-
Study design : It is observational comparative analytical study.
Study Setting: Survey will be carried in surrounding community.
Investigations will be carried in our Ayurved Hospital.
No. Of subjects:- Total no. 250
Subjects are selected in 2 groups.
• Group A- Active walkers (according to WHO-walking briskly for 30 minutes a day ,
5 days a week, at speed 5km/hr)[23]
• Group B- Non active walkers (subjects not fulfilling active walkers norms.)
Inclusion Criteria:-
1. Age group- 40-60 years.
2. Group A-Active walkers.
a) duration ≥ 1 year
b) time ≥ 45minutes
c) distance ≥ 4 kilometers
d) days ≥ 5 days/week
3. Group B- non active walkers.
4. Irrespective of sex , religion, socio economic status.
Initial assessment was done by observing Asthikshaya lakshanas in the both groups.
Detailed case history was taken from the selected subjects as per CRF.
Serum calcium and bone mineral density values were investigated of the subjects of both the
groups.
Degree of Asthikshaya was evaluated by gradations and correlated with readings of BMD
and Sr. Ca levels.
Exclusion Criteria:-
1. Age group < 40 years and > 60 years.
2. Active walkers doing vigorous exercise like gym etc.
3. Known cases of uncontrolled systemic disorders – DM , HTN , Hypothyroidism
4. Known cases of HIV, Tuberculosis, malignancy etc.
A special case record form will be prepared for the records of Asthikshaya, Bone
Mineral Density and serum Calcium tests for age group of 40-60 years will be prepared with
consent form having details of subject history , physical signs and symptoms and laboratory
investigations as given in subjective and objective criteria and as mentioned in classical and
allied sciences and will be analyzed statistically by applying chi-square test for subjective
criteria.
Book Name | 43
Specification Of Instruments And Related Measurements:
1. Bone densitometry : A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures how much calcium
and other types of minerals are in an area of bone . There are two types of this test. Here I
will use the following type.
Peripheral DEXA (p-DEXA). These smaller machines measure the bone density in your
wrist, fingers, leg, or heel.
The most common and accurate way uses a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan.
DEXA uses low-dose x-rays.
Measurements: T-score compares your bone density with that of a healthy young women
c) Normal : A T-score is within the normal range if it is -1.0 or above.
d) Abnormal : T-score- Between -1 and -2.5, you may have early bone loss (osteopenia).
T-score- Below -2.5, you likely have osteoporosis.[24]
2 . Serum Calcium : To measure the levels of calcium in collected serum Erba assay kit will
be used.
Instrument : Biochemistry Analyzer (model CHEM7)
Measurements :
a) normal range : Calcium test in adults is between 8.6 and 10.2 milligrams per deciliter
(mg/dl).
b) calcium level < 8.6 milligrams/deciliter hypocalcaemia.[25]
CRITERIA OF ASSESSMENT OF SUBJECTS:
Assessment will be done on the basis of subjective parameters.
SUBJECTIVE CRITERIA:
1. Asthitod(Pain)
2. Nakhabhang(Nail deformity)
3. Keshapatan(Hair fall)
4. Daantabhanga(Dental loosening)
5. Dourbalya(weakness)
OBJECTIVE CRITERIA:
1. Asthisaushirya-Bone mineral density
2. Sr. Calcium level
Observation and Results:
In group A pittpradhan vaatanubandhi prakriti and in group B kaphapradhan vatanubandhi
prakriti found more dominantly. Considering both the groups, the number of participants
were found more in age group 40-45. The workers like office workers, and house wives were
Book Name | 44
found more in both the groups. Almost equal level agni distribution were found in both the
groups with small variation.
For the association between asthitod, Nakhabhanga, keshpatan, dantbhang and dourbalya
with BMD and serum calcium level, the chi square test was performed at the degree of
freedom level 6 and found the chi square value is more than 16.81 at the degree of freedom 6
that indicates p > 0.01. hence we can state that there is a strong and association between
Asthitod and BMD with serum Calcium levels. As the BMD and Calcium Value increased
Asthitod decreases with severity.
Discussion
According to the textual references asthi and vaatadosh have aashrayashrayi bhava
sambandha. Asthi dhatu is the aashraya of vaata and vaata dosh is aashrayi of asthidhatu.
Again asthivasrotas can be affected by sevana of vatakar aahar and vihara (Ch soo 28). But
the exercise of walking promotes asthivruddhi and asthipushti in this study. The exercise of
walking promotes asthipushti and increase in BMD and sr Ca levels. It can be said that
walking affects on asthidhatvagni and supports asthidhatvagni. The function is regulated and
maintained by continuous and regular walking. Therefore qualitatively avikrit asthidhatu is
formed in the body. Hence we can say that the process of regular walking acts on asthidhatu
positively by vikriti vishama samavay.
Conclusion:-
1. This study clearly concludes that there is a definite role of walking to prevent
Asthikshaya (Osteoporosis).
2. The experiment clearly concludes that there is a strong association between BMD and
serum calcium levels. Serum calcium levels were also in lower range in the
participants who were having low BMD levels.
3. There is a strong association between (P > 0.01) Asthitoda, Nakhabhanga,
Keshapatana, Dantabhanga, Daurbalya and BMD and Calcium levels.
4. It can be concluded that BMD and serum calcium levels are directly proportional to
Asthikshaya (Osteoporosis).
5. Clinical study reveals that regular walking prevents Asthikshaya and strengthens
Asthidhatu as it is easy to perform, cost effective and without any side effects.
References :-
1. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika, Charak-samhita, sutra sthana 1/24,edition
2003 chaukhamba surbharti prakashan Varanasi, pg 10.
2. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika, Charak-samhita, nidansthana1/6,edition
3. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika ,Charak-samhita ,nidansthana 1/10, edition
2003 chaukhamba surbharti prakashan Varanasi ,pg 582.
Book Name | 45
4. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika, Charak-samhita, sutra sthana 1/57, edition
5. http://ayur-veda.guru/books/astanga-hridaya-sutrasthan-handbook-pdf.pdf
6. Shastri, Ambikadutta, Ayurvedatatvasandeepikāvyākhyā, Sushruta Samhitā, Sutra
Sthāna 15/24, chaukhanba sanskrita sansthāna.
7. A clinical Study To Evaluate Asthikshaya Lakshana In Osteoporosis Subjects by
Kassim.P. S. D. M. College of Ayurveda,Hassan, 2011-12.
8. KalavaS.Text Book OfOrthopaedics. 1st ed. Hyderabad: Paras Publishing; 2004.
Chapter 13, p. 133
9. www.medicinenet.com/osteoporosis/article.htm. (Accessed-27 Jan 2018 at 2 pm)
10. ‘International Osteoporosis Foundation” retrived from
http://www.iofbonehealth.org/facts-statistics.Accessed on 2015.
11. JA. Cooper C, Campion G, Melton LJ 3 rd. Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide
projection Int., 1992 Nov; 2(6): 285-9.
12. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika, Charak-samhita, sutrasthana12/7 edition
2003 chaukhamba surbharti prakashan Varanasi, pg 254 .
13. http://ayur-veda.guru/books/astanga-hridaya-sutrasthan-handbook-pdf.pdf
(Accessed - 23 Jan at 4 pm)
14. Brahmanand Tripathi, charak-chandrika, Charak-samhita, sutrasthana 17/63, edition
15. AshtangSangraha, Kaviraj Atridev Gupta, Sutrasthan 12/30 edition 2005 ,
Chaukhama Krushnadas Academy,
16. Rajesh Malhotra,SuryaBhan. Text book of orthopedics. 1st ed New Delhi CBS 2000.
17. https://www.healthcentral.com/article/is-walking-good-for-osteo (Accessed- 2 Feb
2018 at 3.30 pm
Book Name | 46
Chapter - 9
Critical Analysis of Ayurveda in Primary Health Care System

Dr.K.Samudrudu *
Dr.Vijay B Negalur**
Introduction :
Ayurveda is one of the ancient Indian system of medicine. Ayurveda emphasizes on the
importance of maintenance of health of healthy person and curing the disease of the ill1. The
primary health care system plays a major role in maintenance of health and treating diseases.
The primary health care came into light in 1978 in international conference in Alma-Ata,
USSR. It decides that the Health For All (HFA) by 2000, which means distribution of health
care services and resources among the population, for better health and even it includes the
social and economical development2.
Health Care in India: The Health Care system is categorized under following in India.
1. Public Health Sector.
2. Private Sectors.
3. Indigenous System of Medicine.
4. Voluntary Health Agencies.
5. National Health Programmes.
Primary Health Care in India: They are as follows3.
1. Primary Care Level.
2. Secondary Care Level.
3. Tertiary Care Level.
Ayurveda in Primary Health Care: The Primary Health Care is mainly comprises of Health
Education, Prevention and Control of Health Problems – in Ayurvedic way we can educate
the people to adopt dinacharya(Daily Regimen),ritucharya(Seasonal Regimen)principles.
Secondarily we can educate them regarding healthy and wholesome diet and habits.
Role of Dinacaharya in Primary Health Care: Following the Principles of Dinacharya like
Danta Dhawana, Kavala, Gandusha, Snana, Yoga, Pranayama etc., will maintains the
Hygiene of the person, brighten the Indriyas, strengthen the body, promote the health and
longevity and keeps the mind at peace and harmony4.
Role of Ritucharya in Primary Health Care: Following the Seasonal Regimen like Ritu
Shodana, purification of the body as per Ritu, in Varsha ritu - Vasti, in Sharad ritu –
Virechana, in Vasanta ritu – Vamana, and the Ahara, Vihara sevana as per the Ritu will
maintains the healthy state of person also removes disease condition. Remains the strength of
the person also improves Satwa of the person5.
* PG scholar, Dept.of Swasthavritta , SDMCA, Udupi.

** HOD and Professor, Dept of Swasthavritta, SDMCA, Udupi.
Book Name | 47
Role of Sadvritta and Achara Rasayana in Primary Health Care: By following Sadvritta
principles, one can interact properly with others, maintains the memory power of a person,
will perform different actions after thoughtful analysis6, the Achara Rasayana will improves
the Bala of the Person,Satvata of the person and gives Rasayana benefits7.
Role of Rasayana and Ajastrika Rasayana in Primary Health Care: By intake of
Rasayana dravya and Ajastrika Rasayana8 like Nitya Ksheera and Ghrita sevana will
improves the life span of the person, maintains Arogya, Youthfulness, Improves the
Complexion, Strengthens the body and Sensory organs, Maintains the vocal strength, hold on
speech9.
Role of Nitya Sevaneeya Ahara in Primary Health Care: By intake of Nitya Ahara
(Wholesome diet) like Shastika, Shali, Mudga, Saindhava lavana, Amalaki, Yava, Antariksha
jala, Ksheera, Ghrita, Jangala mamsa, Madhu will maintains the health of a person and will
devoid of all disorders10.
We can educate and implement the safe water and basic sanitation. Even we can guide and
promote towards following ayurvedic principles - like immunization to children as per
Ayurveda, like Swarnaprashana11 etc. By following Garbini paricharya12, Sutika paricharya13,
Jtahakarma Samskara14 and Navajata Shishu Paricharya15 etc.,will maintains the health of
mother and Child. By educating and adopting preventive and precautionary measures of
Ayurveda, like Rasyanadravya sevana, Yoga, Pranayama, Parisara parishubrata etc., we can
control the Epidemics, Endemics and Pandemics.
Ayurveda In National Health Policy: The Health Policy based on Primary Health Care
approach came into existence with the objective of HFA(Health For All) by 2000.
The main components are as follows.
1. Village Level16 2. Primary Health Center Level17
3. Sub center Level18 4.Community Health Centre.
We can implement Ayurveda in these levels in the following ways, they are
Health Education – Swastha Panchakarma can be implemented by conducting mass
purificatory or detoxification therapies. Implementation of Ajastrika Rasayana or Nitya
Rasayana like intake of milk and ghee on daily basis can be highlighted.
We can Impilment the policies like Ayurvedic Immunization Such as Swarna Prashana which
gives immunity to the children that can prevent forthcoming diseases, we can implement
Ayurvedic Antenatal, Intra natal and Post Natal care which will helpful for the safe delivery
and child birth.
Discussion: Implementation of health Principles of Ayurveda in Primary Health Care System
will maintains the health status of a Person, lapses the disease causation and removes
unhealthy/ill condition of the person. Dinacharya principles helpful for the maintenance of
hygiene and initiates the immunity of the body. Thus the principles like Pratimarsha Nasya,
Kavala, Gandusha, Abhyanga can be Incorporated in day to day life. The seasonal regimens
Book Name | 48
are recommended for the prevention of seasonal diseases and implementation of Ritu
Shodana i.e., seasonal detoxification can be implemented which will prevents the lifestyle
disorder which are the common problems in this present scenario. The balance diet in
Ayurveda under the heading of Nitya Sevaneeya Ahara, which balances the daily requirement
of Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals. Implementation of principles of Sadvritta and Achara
Rasayana helpful in the moral education which are essential for the mental and social health.
The Implementation of Swarna Prashana as a mass programme which will act as
immunomodulator and can prevent communicable disorders.
Conclusion: Ayurveda is the Prime Health Care system of Universe, which guides us to
maintain the Physical, Mental, Social and Spiritual Wholesomeness and Health . Ayurvedic
principles are highly recommended in prevention of lifestyle disorders and some of the
principles like Ajstrika Rasayana , Swarna Prashana are act as immunomodulators which will
combat the communicable diseases.
References:
1. Acharya YT, editor, (1st ed.). Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapanidatta on
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana;Arthe Dasha Mahamooliya
Adhyaya:Chapter30, Verse 26. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications; 2017. p.187.
2. K. Park (Ed.), Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine (23th ed.), Banarsidas
Bhanot, Jabalpur (2015), pp.892.
Bhanot, Jabalpur (2015), pp. 890-891.
4. Paradakara HSS, editor, (1st ed.). Sarvanga Sundari of Arunadatta and Ayurveda
rasyana of Hemadri on Ashtanga Hrudayam of Vagbhata, sutrasthana;Dinacharya
Adhyaya: Chapter:02, Verse 02.Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 2016.
P.24.
5. Acharya YT, editor, (1st ed.). Nibandasamgraha Commentary of Dalhanacharya on
Sushruta Samhita of Susruta, Sutra Sthana;Ritucharyam Adhyayam:Chapter06,
Verse 38. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications; 2017. p.30.
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana;Indriyopakramaneeya
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Chikitsa Sthana;Ayurveda Samuttaneeyam Rasayana
padam Adhyaya:Chapter1:4, Verse 30-35. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications;
2017. p.388-89.
Sushruta Samhita of Susruta, Chikitsa Sthana;Sarvopaghata Shamaneeyam
Book Name | 49
Rasayanam Adhyaya:Chapter27, Verse 02. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications;
2017. p.498.
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Chikitsa Sthana;Abhayamalaki Rasayana padam
Adhyaya:Chapter1:1, Verse 7-8. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications; 2017. p.376.
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana;Matrashiteeyam Adhyaya:Chapter05,
11. Kashyapa Samhita, Lehana Adhyaya; p.4-5.
Sushruta Samhita of Susruta, Sharira Sthana;Garbhini vyaakaranam Shareeram
Sushruta Samhita of Susruta, Sharira Sthana;Garbhini vyaakaranam Shareeram
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sharira Sthana;Jatisutreeyam Adhyaya:Chapter08,
Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sharira Sthana;Jatisutreeyam Adhyaya:Chapter08,
Verse 42-43. Varanasi: Choukambha Publications; 2017. p.348.
Bhanot, Jabalpur (2015), pp. 881.
Book Name | 50
Chapter - 10
Nutritional Disorders In Children: An Ayurvedic Overview

Dr. Deepa Mehra *
Dr. Mohammad Arif Khan**
Abstract
Nutrition has always been a basic requirement for humanity and the diseases resulting from
its deficiencies or overuse have existed even before the beginning of modern science.
Ayurveda, the ancient system of medicine in India, has described these diseases with their
etiology and treatment. This article examines ancient knowledge about nutritional disorders
in children and critically analyzes them in light of contemporary science and evidence. The
material was compiled from classical Ayurvedic literature, pediatric textbooks, research
journals, and journals. The etiology and characteristics described in Karta, Bal Atosh, Fakka,
and Parigarika (nutritional disorders described in Ayurveda) have been found to be close to
protein energy malnutrition. The treatment described in the classics is relevant for laboratory
and clinical research purposes.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Bala Avastha, Bala Roga, Pediatric.
Introduction
India is one of the countries with the highest score in the world for the number of children
suffering from malnutrition. Nutritional disorders include malnutrition and overeating.
Malnutrition or malnutrition can be caused by inadequate intake of food or a certain nutrient
or by the body's inability to absorb or assimilate these nutrients. On the other hand,
overeating leads to more nutrition. The former can be defined as particularly serious in
children with illnesses, as they hinder growth and development and can be victims of many
health problems, such as infections and chronic diseases.
APTARPANJANYA VYADHI (MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN)
The following diseases can be categorized as malnutrition disorders in children.
KARSHYA
It is the condition of excessive emaciation.
Etiology: Excess fat is caused by a fat-free diet, excessive fasting, inadequate food intake,
revision treatment or administration of Panchakarma procedures, pain, suppression of natural
impulses, including sleep impulses, frequent bathing, and hereditary factors. Old age, chronic
diseases and stress 1
Clinical features: Buttocks, abdomen and neck of a karshya patient are emaciated; a
vascular network is visible on skin with prominent joints. Person appears to have skin and
bones only. An excessively emaciated person cannot tolerate physical exercise, intake of food
* Chairperson, Vishwa Ayurvedic Sanghatan, E-mail : deepamlis@gmail.com

** Founder, Vishwa Ayurvedic Sangathan, E-mail : vishwaayurvedicsanghatan@gmail.com
Book Name | 51
in large quantity, hunger, thirst, diseases and drugs. They also cannot stand excessive cold
and heat. Such emaciated persons often suffer from splenic diseases, cough, wasting,
dyspnea, gulma (abdominal tumor), piles, abdominal diseases and malabsorption diseases.2
Principle of treatment: Light and nourishing diet is prescribed for the nourishment of the
Karshya patients.3 In case of an emaciated person, light and nourishing diet (like old shali
rice) should be given so as to bring about proper nourishment in them. Such diets being light
serve as stimulants of digestive power and bring about nourishment due to their nutritive
property. Sleep, joy, comfortable bed, contentment, tranquility of mind, abstinence from
anxiety and physical exercise, pleasant sights, intake of freshly harvested rice,, fresh wine,
meat soup of domestic, marshy and aquatic animals, well prepared meat, curd , ghee, milk
sugarcane, shali rice, Phaseolus radiates, wheat, sweet preparations, enema consisting of
unctuous and sweet herbs, regular oil massage, use of scents and garlands, use of
whiteapparel, elimination of doshas in time and administration of rejuvenating and
Brinhana (nutritive) drugs remove emaciation and bring out nourishment in the body.4
BALSHOSHA
This disease of children is described by Acharya Vagbhatta.5
Indulgence in excessive sleep, intake of cold water and breast milk vitiated by kapha cause an
imbalance in doshas and increase in Kapha in baby. This Kapha causes obstruction in
Rasavaha srotas of child, which is the channels for nutrition, thus causing under nutrition.
The undernourished child suffers from lack of appetite, recurrent respiratory infections,
cough, fever, emaciation of muscles and paleness of face and eyes. To combat Balshosha,
snehapana, use of anabolic herbs and preparations along with appetizers is recommended.
Concurrently efforts are made to clear the obstructed channels and to purify the vitiated milk
in the mother.
PHAKKA
The word ‘Phak’ indicates the slow movements or creeping like a snail or failure of the skiof
locomotion even after attaining age of one year. So when the child becomes crippled sting of
body, apathy and slow movements, he is said to be suffering from Phakka roga. Acharya
Kashyap has described three types of phakka namely, Ksheeraj, Garbhaj and Vyadhij
Phakka. Ksheeraj Phakka is similar to Bal Shosha and is caused by milk vitiated by Kapha
dosha. Garbhaj phakka is caused when a mother whose baby is still exclusive as
feeding conceives again which results in decreased quantity and quality of mother’s
milk. Vyadhij Phakka is caused by chronic illnesses and unhygienic conditions. It manifests
as severe form of malnutrition with clinical features such as wasting of buttocks, thighs and
upper limbs, pot belly, big head appearance, inability to walk etc. The treatment depends on
the cause. In case of milk impurity, the mother should be treated. In case of chronic diseases,
attention should be given to treatment of such diseases. The treatment of Phakka includes
snehana with Kalyanaka ghrita followed by shodhana. Administration of drugs having
property of activating the neuromuscular response like raasna, punarnava etc. along with
Samvardhana ghrita is done. Nutritious diet must be prescribed like ghee, soups and mamsa
Book Name | 52
rasa. Abhyanga with Raj Taila is advised to improve muscle tone. Rehabilitative measures
like Tripad chakra ratha (Tricycle) are also advised to help child regain his locomotive
ability.
PARIGARBHIKA7
It is described by Astanga Sangraha which states that when a baby feeds on milk of a
pregnant mother or there is an abrupt stoppage of breast milk to baby due to pregnancy of
mother, the baby suffers from Parigarbhika. It manifests as respiratory illnesses, loss of
appetite, vomiting, lethargy, abdominal distension. The treatment of Parigarbhika should be
aimed at bringing the Agni to normalcy (correction of digestion and appetite). This is
achieved by small doses of ghrita made of carminatives and digestive agents. Various Lehya
preparations, Jeevaniya herbs and milk are also prescribed.
SUSHKA REVATI
Bal Graha is a group of diseases of children caused by unidentified factors and with a high
mortality and morbidity rate. Sushka Revati is one of these and manifests itself as progressive
emaciation of all parts of the body, diarrhea, anorexia, skin changes, abdominal nodular
swelling and geographic language.8 The general line of treatment includes personal hygiene,
anointing, bathing and fumigation measures , isolation and disinfection of the environment.
Various medications such as swarna basantmalti, shilajatvadi lauha, shringa bhasma,
vardhaman pippali and medicated ghrita are recommended.
DISCUSSION
The various diseases described above represent a broad spectrum of energy malnutrition of
proteins. Bal Shosha correlates well with caloric malnutrition and gives the baby a
marasmatic appearance with a swollen and viscous white face. On the other hand,
Parigarbhika represents protein malnutrition (Kwashiorkar). Refers to the neglected child
due to pregnancy. Karshya is a state of wear (low weight by height) and stunted growth (low
height by age) due to chronic malnutrition. Among the three types of Phakka, Ksheeraj
Phakka and Garbhaj Phakka have etiology and manifestations similar to Bal Shosha and
Parigarbhika, respectively. Vyadhija Phakka can be understood as energy protein
malnutrition due to the low intake of nutrients, chronic diseases and malabsorption. This
adversely affects the development of the child, with consequent delayed goals.
CONCLUSION
Nutritional deficiency causes long-term damage to both the individual and society.
Malnourished children are more prone to infectious diseases such as pneumonia and
tuberculosis, which leads to a higher mortality rate. Ayurveda has accurately described the
etiology, clinical features and treatment of malnutrition. A comprehensive study of the same
team with a better understanding and allows us an early diagnosis, proper management and
prevention of nutritional deficiencies.
Book Name | 53
REFERENCES
1. Shashtri Kashinath, Chaturvedi Gorakhnath edited Caraka Samhita of Agnivesha,
Revised by Carak and Dridhabala, part I, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy,
Varanasi, Reprint., 2004; Sutra Sthana. 21/10-12.
Revised by Carak and Dridhabala, part I, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi,
Reprint., 2004; Sutra Sthana. 21/13-15.
Reprint., 2004; Sutra Sthana.21/20.
Reprint., 2004; Sutra Sthana.21/29-34.
5. Murthy K.R. Srikantha edited Vagbhatta`s Astanga Hridayam. Vol III, Chowkhambha
Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Reprint edition., 2012; Ch. 2/44-56
6. Tewari. P.V. Kasyapa samhita. Edition1996. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Bharati Academy.
Chikitsa Sthana. Phakka rog chikitsa.
7. Vridhha Vagbhat. Astanga sangraha with shashilekha commentary. Edited by Sharma
Shiv Prasad. 1st edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Sanskrit series., 2006; Uttar Tantra.
2/64.
8. Vridhha Vagbhat. Astanga sangraha with shashilekha commentary. Edited by Sharma
Shiv Prasad. 1st edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Sanskrit series., 2006; Uttar Tantra.
3/21.
‘Aptarpanjanya Vyadhi’ and the latter as ‘Santarpanjanya Vyadhi’ in ayurveda. Nutritional
Book Name | 54
Chapter - 11
Concept of Aahara and Food Chronobiology

Sadaf Khan *
Mahesh K.Vyas**
Pankaj Pathak***
Meera K Bhojani****
Abstract
Aahara is one of the key pillars of life according to Ayurveda. Ayurveda gives special
emphasis to Aahara that is why It is included in try aupstambha. Thats why ayurvedis
science has given vast detail of aahara like what should a person eat according to his
temperament, time period of day ,season,according to stage of disease etc.Thousands of years
ago the sages who had this divine knowledge of ayurveda knew that it is as important that
how we eat than what we eat. An emerging branch of science known as food chronobiolgy
puts emphasis on the timing of food consumption ,the gap between the meals ,type of food
consumed .Recent researches also proves that there is diiferent result of the same diet when
eaten at different timings.Also the time of food consumption even regulates the overall
physiology of a person.
Keywords:Aahara,Dietics,Food Choronobiology
Introduction
This article is written as these days due to altered food habits,sedentary lifestyle and over
processing of food items lead to several diseases.Slowly Modern scientist are also starting to
believe importance of aahara ,what ,how,when the food is taken.There was this concept of
western world of “take aways” restaurants in which a person eats while walking or when has
no time to sit and eat.Recent researches on this concept shows that food not eaten with full
concentration of mind doesn’t gives the desired result on body rather is one of the causes of
many diseases.This concept co incides with tanmana bhunjeet in which acharya charak says
that one should eat with full concentration of mind without talking or laughing or even
thinking anything else.
Aahara vidhi visheshayatana
Acharya charak says:
तत्रखल्विमान्यष्टावाहारधवधिधवशेषायतनाधनिवल्वन्त;
तद्यथा- प्रकृधतकरणसांयोगराधशदे शकालोियोगसांस्थोियोक्त्रष्टमाधन (िवल्वन्त)||२१||
* M. D. Scholar Department of Samhita & Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi.

** Professor and HOD Department of Samhita & Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi.
*** Associate Professor Department of Samhita & Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi.
**** Associate Professor Department of Sharir Kriya AIIA. New Delhi
Email id-sadafkhan55@gmail.com, Contact no.-9971402184
Book Name | 55
Here in Viman sthana chapter one Aahara vidhi visheshayatana are described.They are
1. Prakriti (natural qualities of food),
2. Karana(how the food is prepared),
3. Sanyoga(combinations of different food items),
4. Rashi(quantity),
5. Desha(place in which food is grown and food items suitable for particular region),
6. Kaal(time of food consumption or suitable time of consumption according to season),
7. Upyog sanstha(rules of consumption of food),
8. Upyokta(person who consumes food).
Aahara vidhi vidhan
Also aahara vidhi vidhan are mentioned :
तत्रेदमाहारधवधिधविानमरोगाणामातुराणाां चाधिकेषाधञ्चत्कालेप्रकृत्यैवधहततमांिुञ्जानानाां िवधत- उष्णां, धिग्धां, मात्रावत्,
िीणेवीयाु धवरुद्धम् , इष्टेदेशे, इष्टसवोिकरणां, नाधतद्रु तां, नाधतधवलल्वितम्, अिल्पन्, अहसन् , तन्मनािु ञ्जीत,
आत्मानमधिसमीक्ष्यसम्यक्||२४|
Here these rules are mentioned for healthy as well as diseased persons so that the food
consumed yields maximum results.These are :
• Ushna aahara-food consumed should be hot(suitable temperature) so that persons
feels the exact taste of food,the fire (agni) increases and foods digests quickly .when
person eats hot food the digestive juices and enzymes are released by the body for
proper digestion.
• Snigdha-food should have adequate oiliness .Food having adequate ghee ,butter or oil
tates good,increases agni,body gains strength,nourishes the senses,improves
complexion.Earlier ghee was considered bad for health but researches prove that pure
cow ghee is very beneficial foe health and should be consumed.
• Matravat-A person should consume appropiate amount of food.Matravat food digests
easily,doesn’t vitiate doshas,maintains proper agni.One could know that his aahara is
matravat when it doesn’t cause distress in stomach or cardiac distress and nourishes
the senses.
• Jeerna ashniyat-A person should consume food only when previously eaten food gets
digested.If a person consumes food before that than all doshas gets vitiated and Agni
gets disturbed.one should eat only when he feels hungry,when he has relieved himself
of vata(flatus),mutra(urine) or mal(stool).
• Virya a viruddham-food which doesn’t have antagonist properties should be eaten.A
whole topic of viruddha aahara is described in charak samhita in which different kinds
of virudhha like sanyoga virudhha,sanskara,desha virudhha etc are mentioned .It is
seen in common practise that such kinds of food are eaten which are virudhha but
Book Name | 56
persons doesn’t get sick immediately because of okasatmya but in long run these are
very harmful and may lead to chronic diseases.
• Ishte deshe iste sarvopkarane-A person should eat at suitable place with suitable items
with him.If a person eats at a filthy place he will eventually loose interest in eating.
• Na atidrutam Na ati vilambitam-A person should eat too fast or too slow in orded to
digest food properly and harness maximum benefits from it.If he eats too quickly it
may enter the wind pipe and person may get disturbed and coughing may trigger.and
if he eats too slowly the food gets cold and digestive fire also dimineshes.
• Ajalpan Ahasan-A person shouldn’t talk or laugh during eating and concentrate on
eating.
• Tanmana bhunjeet-A person should eat with concentration of mind .He shouldn’t be
thinking of irrelevant topics or anything for that matter,as it hamper the full benefits
of food eaten.
• Aatmaan abhisameekshya samyaka-A person should judge for himself,he should
consume only that food which will yield him strength,complexion and satisfaction
Food Chronobiology
Amazingly these rules and regulations regarding diet are valid even today .Although
thousand of years have passed and the environment has also changed drastically in past years
but these diets are considered healthy till today. By following the diet and rules about
consuming food one can remain healthy and also make himself disease free.Today Modern
Science have developed a lot, some years back a concept of choronobiology was
discovered.Chronobiolgy is the branch concerned with cyclical physiological phenomenon or
carcadian rhythm.The rotation of the earth in relation to the sun creates 24-hour light and
dark cycles that have been shown to impact human health in complex ways. These Carcadian
rhythms are regulated by different factors called zietgebers like light ,eating patterns
,temperature and exercise etc.Circadian rhythms have been shown to regulate gene
expression, metabolism like how the liver handles fat, cardiovascular function, weight, and
blood sugar regulation.Western clinical science is just beginning to look at how circadian
rhythms is influenced by nutrition, but Ayurveda has long held that when and how we eat is
at least as important as what we eat. This newly developed science might help explain why
it’s beneficial to eat our largest meal at midday—an Ayurvedic guideline for eating in
balance with nature.Ayurveda believes that digestive agni is maximum during the lunch
time.Our body is wired according to the movement of sun and digestive agni is naturally high
when sun is strongest.Therefore as sun goes down we should gradually reduce our heavy
food intake .Our body has its own biological clock,if u follow the schedule it will work
efficiently.if we disrupt the cycle it will hamper other functions.Various studies have also
shown that our digestive system secretes the highest amount of digestive juices or enzymes
around noon making this the best time to eat the largest meal.List of such examples is
endless .Hence one should strictly abide to ayurvedic rules and regulations of dietics to
Book Name | 57
remain healthy and disease free.In one of animal studies rats were made to eat during day
time and in other group the rats were given same food at any abrupt time.In a period of just
one month the group which was given food at any time of the day developed metabolic
diseases.This research showed the importance of time of food consumption.These researches
are only evidences for the contemporary scientist to make them believe in principles of
ayurveda.Fortunately being in ayurveda comes with the benefit of getting the divine
knowledge which came to earth for health ,longevity and prosperity of all the living beings
,this invaluable treasure of ayurveda came just for wellbeing of people and need of hour is to
apply its principles in day to day life and lead a healthy and contented life
References
1. Caraka Samhita of Agnivesh elaborated by Charak &dridhabala,charak samhita with
ayurveda dipika commentary by chakrapanidatta,edited by vaidya yadavji trikamji
acharya, reprinted 2017, varanasi, chaukhambha surbharati publication, vimana sthana.
2 Circadian Rhythms & Dinacharya, ancient therapies and modern lifestyle.
3. Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line
With the Circadian Timing System,frontiers in endocrinology.
Book Name | 58
Chapter - 12
An Approach to Primary Health Care Through Ayurvedic

System of Medicine :A ReviewPaper
Hemant Kumawat*
Dr. T.S. Dudhamal**
Abstract
Ayurveda defines the aspects of health and the aspects responsible for maintaining and
promoting it. As we all know, because of heavy emissions, climate change, a rise in
population and other socio-economic causes, our planet is suffering from a significant
survival burden on all human things and on ecology. Maintaining the fullness of nature and
human well-being is a significant problem for the world and cannot be ignored
either.Ayurveda suggests the avoidance and development of wellbeing and offers care for
diseases. The key goal is to promote optimal wellness and well-being through a holistic
approach to mind, body, behavior, and the environment. Science and the practice of disease
prevention, prolonging life, and encouraging wellness and efficacy through coordinated
collective activities.
Keyword: Health, Ayurveda, Public Health etc.
Introduction
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely a lack of
illness or infirmity.1World healthorganization defines well-being under the concept of'
Swasthya.Ayurveda is an ancient Indian theory of medicine that stresses the avoidance of
disease in the body rather than the mere alleviation of infectious disorders or symptoms. 2As
in the key principles of Ayurveda gave most priority to Health and hygiene.3
Every person is different from another and should therefore be seen as a different entity, as
many variations in the universe, as many variations in human beings.Health education
principles are also strengthened by understanding Punchamahabhutas, Tridosha philosophy,
ecological fitness ideas, Meditation and diet from Ayurveda.4,5
Methodology –
Data Collection–
The collection of data of this manuscript from various text books of Ayurveda, Articles,
Samhita, internet sources, and Authentic websites etc.
Scope of Ayurvedic Public Health:
* PG scholar, M.S.(Ayu.) 2nd year, department of Shalya Tantra, IPGT & RA, GAU,
Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
** Associate professor, Head of Department of Shalya Tantra, IPGT & RA, GAU,
Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Book Name | 59
In particular, the basic systems outlined in ancient classical texts are of great benefit in
coping with the challenges of public health encountered by today's world. Swathyavritta is
personal hygiene; it consists of Dinacharya and includes tooth brushing, mouth washing,
tongue scraping, bathing, exercise, eating and sleeping, and so on. Ritucharya is a lifestyle
and routine to be practiced in the various seasons of the yearSadavritta is an area of social
activity and actions of individuals focused on religious rites and activities.6
Rasayana and Vajeekarana are rejuvenating agents used to avoid aging; they offer durability,
protection from illness and help strengthen mental faculties. Secondary mitigation relies on
early detection and recovery, which can be done through specific screening approaches such
as NadiPariksha, Darshana, Sparshanaand Prashna, etc. and treatment strategies such as
Shamana and Sodhana.
Ayurvedic therapy approaches are intended to remedy this disparity and concentrate on
optimizing digestion and removing contaminants from the body. This promotes a holistic
approach to disease prevention and diagnosis which aims to preserve or re-establish
equilibrium with the conscience, the body and the powers of nature.7
Dinacharya aims to regulate one's own structure (Vata, Pitta and Kapha). It also defines and
regularizes the biological clock of an individual, aids metabolism, absorption and
assimilation, and creates self-esteem, disciplines peace of mind and longevity. Dinacharya is
the collective information on all the health promotion and disease prevention practices that
the ancient sages have followed.8
The Ancient Medical System is concerned primarily with immortality, the notion of which is
not restricted merely to long-lasting life, but often circumscribes all requirements for
surviving in safety and fertility in order to attain a stable death, which is the inevitable final
occurrence of the life cycle.9 Thus, in Ayurveda, the philosophy of good wellbeing, for all
ages, focuses profoundly on the human potential of balanced ageing that is meant as a full
fulfillment of one's life.
Some of the Ayurvedic Procedures and Methods are in following clinical aims –
1. Strengthen the digestive response.
2. Efficient system of detoxification.
3. The Inflammatory Sensitive System.
4. Optimum metabolic system.
5. Based framework of control.
6. Improved regenerative method.
7. Harmonize the power of creation.10
An Approach to the Current Health Scenario: -
In this age of life-style disorders Panchakarma and Rasayana therapy is the only remedy for
health treatment, the same has been acknowledged by the WHO from conventional
medicines.
Book Name | 60
• Natural Therapy to different Autoimmune Diseases-
Allergic conditions, autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis & other collagen conditions,
Gastro-intestinal disorders, Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease, skin diseases.
• Complementary Therapy for Chronic Diseases –
Cancer, DM, IHD, CVA, Iatrogenic diseases, Br Asthma, Neuro-muscular diseases,
Psychosomatic Disorders-Ulcerative colitis, IBS, Neurological Disorderssyndromes.
Challenges to Ancient System of Medicine in Current Scenario: -
The chieftaskin front ofAyurveda's promotion of health is the production of competent
Ayurvedadoctors; perhaps the existing system has not been fully successful in generating
confidence among Ayurveda graduates in the practice of pure Ayurveda.There may be a
number of reasons for this, including the inability of students to understand the basic
principles and concepts of Ayurveda practice, inadequate infrastructure in Ayurveda
institutions, unskilled teachers, etc. Another important challenge is the lack of adequate
practical exposure in clinical practice.
Some other problems and disparities, in Ancient Traditional System:
• Lack of standardization and quality control of herbal drugs used in clinical trials and the
use of different doses of herbal medicines.
• Insufficient randomization in most clinical trials, where the pool of patients is not
correctly chosen. The number of participants in several of the studies is small to gain
statistical significance
• Challenge in determining acceptable placebos clinical trials etc.
• Large difference in the length of diagnosis for herbal medicines.
• Non-responsive education program
• Very less support from the Government
• Substandard condition of the Ayurvedic teaching institution;
• Weak governance standing of Ayurvedic organizations.
Variousnoteworthyhard work can be made to endorseAyurvedic traditional System in
the advancement of public healthand Hygiene
1. Build understanding of Ayurvedic concepts and Ayurvedic care concepts.
2. Standardization and quality assurance of herbal products with effective clinical trials.
3. Describe the variety of medications accessible to help resolve depression and stress
induced illnesses.
4. Test the types of diagnosis with sufficient medical data and easy to handle by humans.
5. Demonstrate their usefulness in addressing issues of public health.11
Book Name | 61
Discussion: -
There is a significant contrast between medicine and public health, medicine focuses mainly
on human, medical interest, ethics in the sense of social justice, focusing on illness detection,
prevention and care for particular people. Health theory focuses mainly on patient diagnosis,
etiology and pathophysiology. Whereas public policy functions, focused mainly on the
elderly, concentrate on disease control and the advancement of wellness for the city as a
whole. The public health model includes a variety of approaches directed at the environment,
individual activity and behavior, and medical treatment12.
Health is subject to constant change under numerous pressures It is equally important to
preserve and encourage health, as Ayurveda's "ArogyamMulamuttamam" rightly says,
Ayurveda has provided the highest value to Safety.
Each thing is different from another and should therefore be treated as a separate being, as
many variations in the cosmos, as many variations in human beings13.In order to meet the
aim of good safety for different ethnic communities, their socio-geographical diversity
should be held at the heart, along with person specificities, when carrying out care
recommendations and patient evaluation for a successful outcome.
Conclusion:
Public health as a guideline is primarily seen as a part of, or a part of, the community
medicine stream. However, the ancient texts of Ayurveda also describe certain principles of
public health in their own language. While the classical texts of Ayurveda discuss other
concepts, such as contagious diseases, protection, diet, etc., which are very familiar to the
society, this paper focuses in brief on the notion of public safety and wellness. Ayurveda is
the best alternative to attain the aim of personal wellbeing together with public
hygiene.Ayurveda with an excellent ability to reverse the declining health situation
worldwide will be the strongest choice. Ayurvedic medicine is distinguished by the fact that
its methods take into consideration the general physical, social and external climate of the
patient while contemplating the prevention, promotion and treatment of diseases. With this, it
can be concluded, Ayurveda is the safest way to accomplish the aim of personal wellbeing in
accordance with public safety.
References
1946;36(11):1315–23. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.36.11.1315.
2. Acharya YT, editor. SusruthaSamhitha of Susrutha with Dalhana Tika. Varanasi:
3. Acharya YT, editor. Chraka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana;
Arthedashamahamuliya. Ch. 30, Ver. 26. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha
Orientalia; 2011. p. 187.
Book Name | 62
4. Paradkar HS, editor. AshtangHridaya of Vagbhata, Sutra Stahna; Doshabhediya. Ch. 12,
Ver. 67-68. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy; 2006. p. 207.
5. Paradkar HS, editor. AshtangHridaya of Vagbhata, Sutra Stahna; Doshabhediya. Ch. 12,
Ver. 67-68. Reprint Edition. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy; 2006. p. 207.
6. Alisha, Singh NR, Jitendra V. Role of Ayurveda in Public Health: Compass and
Challenges. J Ayu Herb Med 2019;5(1):28-30.
7. Janmejaya et al: The Concept of Public Health in Ayurveda, IAMJ: Volume 1; Issue 2;
March – April 2013 1.00pm.
8. https://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133135.htm, accessed date:1st
March 2019. 2.40pm
quality of life: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61(11):938–
44. doi: 10. 1136 / jech. 2006. 056028
10. Prof. M. S. Baghel- Ayurveda India-global scenario.ppt visited on December 13, 2018.
11. https://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133135.htm, Last accessed date
28 February-2019.
12. Acharya YT, editor. Reprint Edition. Ch. 30, Ver. 26. Varanasi: Chaukhambha
Orientalia; 2011. Chraka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sutra Sthana; Arthedashamahamuliya; p.
187.
13. Acharya YT, editor. Dirghajivitiya. Reprint Edition. Ch. 1, Ver. 123. Varanasi:
Chaukhambha Orientalia; 2011. Chraka Samhita of Agnivesha. Sutra Stahna; p. 22.
Book Name | 63
Chapter - 13
Vocal for Local – Strengthning Public Health Through

Ayurveda
Dr. Rachana Bhardwaj *
Dr. Suman Panwar**
Dr. Deepak Verma***
Abstract
As per defined by WHO Public health is the art and science of preventing disease,
prolonging life and promoting health through organized efforts of society (Acheson, 1988;
WHO). Ayurveda is the one of the oldest healthcare system in the world that deals with
Curative, Preventive and Promotive aspect of health. The easy availability, countrywide
presence, efficacy, safety, affordability and strong hold on the fundamentals are the factors
that can make it the first step of choice in locally and globally in public health. Classical texts
of Ayurveda discuss in detail about the predisposing factors of disease, management of
diseases, nutrition, enhancing longevity and immunity. Many Ayurvedic practices like yoga,
panchakarma, dinchrya, ritucharya, pathyapathya, rasayana etc and ayurvedic medicines
give both preventive and curative effects. Ayurveda is equally beneficial for the management
of acute as well as the chronic disorders. With the proper utilization of knowledge of its
fundamentals by the physician, Ayurveda is capable of making a positive impact on public
health by fulfilling public health demands and can be used as a mainstream healthcare
system. The aim of this article is to help the official and local bodies to establish Ayurveda
system in a proper way in public health for both rural and urban area.
KEYWORDS : Ayurveda, Public Health, AYUSH, Immunity.
Inroduction
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian indigenous system of medicine that deals with physical mental
social and spiritual well being of an individual. One can’t deny the role of Ayurveda in public
health as the Ayurveda avtaran (the origin of Ayurveda) itself was for the welfare of
community1. When the people were getting diseased and they were not able to achieve
Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha the ultimate goals of life, health became the priority. As
health is the basic necessity to achieve the purusharth chatushtya2 by the community and
Ayurveda is the measure to achieve health, this signifies its role in public health. The purpose
of Ayurveda is “prayojana ch asya swasthasya swaasthya raksanam aturasya vikar
prashamanam ch3”| that is to restore the health of the healthy person and to cure the disease
* MD Scholar
** Associate Professor
*** Assistant Professor
PG Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan, Dayanand Ayurvedic College, Jalandhar, Punjab
Book Name | 64
of the diseased one. The purpose elaborates its preventive promotive and curative aspect in
healthcare.
In simpler words public health is the science that deals with protection and improvement of
health of the people at community level. It focuses on preventive and promotive aspect of
health care along with longevity of life. On these basis it sounds similar to the purpose of
Ayurveda hence the search for the new scopes of utilization of Ayurveda in public health has
become need of the hour.
In this time of pandemic the global expectations and researches are opening new scopes for
Ayurveda in public health care. This is the best time to share the knowledge of Ayurveda on
the principle of vasudhaiva kutumbakam considering whole world a family and take
Ayurveda from local to global.
Analysis And Discussion
Concept of health and healthcare
In Ayurveda health is defined as
“ sama dosha sama agnischa sama dhatu mala kriyaaha|
Prasanna atma indriya manaha swastha iti abhidheeyate”4
that means the equilibrium state of the bodily doshas ( vata, pitta, kapha), the digestive fire
(metabolism) , all the bodily composites ( rasa, rakta, maansa, meda, asthi, majja, shukra,)
the normal expulsion of waste from the body (65aturation, defecation, perspiration etc), the
contended soul, properly functional senses and mind is considered as swastha.
According to WHO the definition of health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”(WHO 1948)5.
Major sectors of health care6
1. Public health sector
❖ Primary health care
Primary health centres
Sub centres
❖ Hospitals / health centres
Community health centres
Rural hospitals
District hospitals / health centres
Specialist hospitals
Teaching hospitals
2. Private sector
Private Hospitals, Polyclinics, Nursing Homes, and Dispensaries
General practitioners and Clinics.
Book Name | 65
3. Indigenous System of Medicine.
Ayurveda and Siddha
Unani and Tibbi
Homeopathy
Unregistered practitioner
4. Voluntary health agencies.
5. National Health Programme.
Health care statistics in India7
Health care facility in Rural urban Total
number
Sub centre 157411 3302 160713
PHC 24855 5190 30045
CHC 5335 350 5685
Out of these some SCs and PHCs have been converted to health and wellness centres8 data
listed below that could serve as the platform for mainstreaming of AYUSH systems.
Health and wellness Rural urban total
centres converted
from
SC 7821 98 7919
PHC 8242 1734 9976
All India AYUSH infrastructure facilities data (up to year 2015)9.

AYUSH No. of Bed Dispen Registe Institutional UG PG Drug
SYSTEMS hospitals strength saries red qualified Colleg colle manuf
of practiti registered e ge acturin
hospitals oners practitioners g unit
Ayurveda 2833 43454 15555 402079 267998 279 112 7995
Unani 265 3623 1491 48213 43 9 505
Siddha 279 2440 835 8388 8 3 379
Homeopathy 212 7182 104 283840 215327 195 43 403
Naturopathy 36 1236 8117 2043 19
Yoga 7 85 189
TOTAL 3632 58020 26325 744563 525663 544 170 9282
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On this basis of above data we can say that Ayurveda have more serving capacity among the
AYUSH systems and more service opportunities should be created for the utilization of the
manpower for the strengthening of the public health.
Fundamentals Of Ayurvedic Health Care
The trisutra10 fundamental is the foundation of Ayurveda these are Hetu, Linga and
Aushadha. Hetu is the causative factor for health and disease, similarly Linga is the sign and
symptoms of healthy and diseased, and Aushadh or medicine is further classified as
swasthayoorjaskara and artasya roganuta, one for increasing vitality of a healthy person and
other is for curing the disease of a sick person. So the trisutra principle helps to understand
causative factor, predisposing factor, differential diagnosis and application of curative,
preventive and promotive aspect of health care.
Public Health Challenges In 2020
❖ COVID19 Pandemic
❖ Non communicable disease
❖ Communicable disease
❖ Maternal and child health
❖ Malnutrition
❖ Health education
❖ Food water and sanitization
❖ Substance abuse in adolescence
❖ Rehabilitation
Role And Scope Of Ayurveda In Public Health
Epidemic and Pandemic management- Epidemic and Pandemic require a large
scale infrastructure, manpower and skilled health professionals. Currently Ayurveda health
professionals are working side by side with western medicine to take India out from the grip
of COVID19. On this basis more opportunities can be created for Ayurveda professionals in
coming future.
Medical education- Ayurveda can help to spread the awareness regarding safe water,
basic hygiene, nutrition, communicable disease and life style disorders. Ayurveda health
professionals are also contributing to national health programmes like NHM.
OPD consultation- Ayurveda health professionals are contributing in public health as
OPD consultants. Both the acute and chronic diseases are managed in the Ayurvedic OPDs.
Diet consultation- Food plays an important role for the health of an individual. One
should avoid the practice of single rasa (taking similar kind of food) regularly. Rasa should
be practiced according to satmaya11. Salt, pippli (or may be correlated with tikshna and katu
rasa pradhana dravya) and kshar12 should be avoided for prolong use. The food should be
advised after considering the aatur desha and bhoomi desha. Agraya dravya available locally
Book Name | 67
should be practiced more. In public health diet consultation covers a broad area from
malnutrition to maternal and child health, adolescence health and geriatric care.
Life style consultation - Now-a-days life style disorders are emerging as a big threat
to public health as it is responsible for 70% of deaths globally13. With the fundamentals of
swasthavritta Ayurveda is able to consult and manage life style disorders. The management is
collectively based on practicing dincharya, ritucharya, vyayam, and yoga.
Yoga consultation- Yoga is not only beneficial in managing life style disorders but it
is also an excellent way to attain physical and mental strength. Yoga improves flexibility and
helps to prevent arthritis and chronic pain14. It also helps to relax, slow the breath and focus
on the present, shifting the balance the sympathetic nervous system and fight-or-flight
response to parasympathetic nervous system and the relaxation response.15
Panchkarma consultation– Shodhan (detoxification) is one of the best practice as it
eliminate the vitiated doshas and hence they are no more capable of producing diseases. The
Panchkarma should be practiced considering matra, kaala etc16. According to Achrayas it
should be done according to season and according to dosha condition. It works as both
preventive and curative.
Rasayana consultation- Practice of Rasayana is advised for the longevity of life 17.
The effect of Rasayana is maximised after shodhan (purification) of the body. There are
various types of Rasayana preparations described in Ayurveda. The plants are also mentioned
in Ayurveda with medicinal and Rasayana property. The best part about these medicinal
plants is that they are available locally and they can be consumed without any complicated
processing. Some of such plants is Amalaki , Haritaki, Ashwagandha, Brahmi etc
Maternal and Child Health and ANC- Acharya charaka, Sushruta, Vagabhatta and
Harita have explained garbhini parichrya based on monthly basis. It may help to reduce low
birth wt in neonates and can be helpful in conditions like threatened abortions, Intra Uterine
Growth Retardation etc. Ayurveda also explain medicinal plants and formulations for the
management of infertility and post natal care. Detail research is required on this area.
Sthanika chikitsa , Pichu dharan etc are also useful in gynaecological disorders.
Swarna Prashana and pediatric care- Swarna Prashana works as Ayurvedic
immunity booster for the children. Some benefits include improvement of Medha, Agni,
Bala; provides ayushyam, mangalam, punyam, vrishyam, varnayam and grahapaham18.
Ayurvedic medicines can also protect child from unnecessary exposure to antibiotics.
Marma chikitsa- For the management of general and sports injury marma chikitsa
can be considered. It may also be helpful for restoration of functions of joints in chronic
diseases.
Minor procedures- Minor procedures like kshar sutras, tarpana, putpaka etc do not
need a separate infrastructure. They can be practiced in pre existing infrastructures.
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Conclusion
Today for the management of public health care, western medicine is considered the first
choice but Ayurveda can become the better choice if given a proper infrastructure, funding
for research, and more opportunity to serve. Govt of India is already working on the
mainstreaming of Ayurveda and other systems of AYUSH but still there is much more needed
and expected.
Bibliography
1. Agnivesha, Caraka Samhita, Ayurveda Dipika Commentary By Shri Chakrapanidatta,
Edited By Vd. Harish Chandra Singh Kushwaha,Choukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi,
2011, Sutra Sthana 1/6-7; p.7.
2011, Sutra Sthana 1/15; p.9.
2011, Sutra Sthana 30/26; p.494.
4. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Hindi Commentary, Kaviraja Ambikaduttashastri,
Chukhamba Sansrit Pratishthan, Varanasi, 2010; Sutra Sthana 15/58, p. 64.
5. K Park, Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine, 23rd Edition, Published By
Brij Mohan Bhanot, Jabalpur, 2015; p.14.
6. K Park, Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine, 23rd Edition, Published By
Brij Mohan Bhanot, Jabalpur, 2015; p. 902.
7. https://main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/Final%20RHS%202018-19_0.pdf
8. Ibid
9. https://main.ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/Summary.pdf
2011, Sutra Sthana 1/24, p. 10.
2011, Viman Sthana, 1/20.
2011, Viman Sthana, 1/15.
13. https://www.who.int/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases#tab=tab_1
Book Name | 69
14. McCall t. New York: Bantam Dell A Division Of Random House Inc; 2007. Yoga as
Medicine. [Google Scholar] [Ref List]
15. Ibid
2011, Sutra Sthana, 2/15.
2011, Chikitsa Sthana, 1/1/7-8.
18. Vriddha Jivaka , Kashyapa Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Leha Ahdyaya. In: 10th Ed. Shri
Satyapal Bhishagacharya, Editor. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan: Varanasi; 2005.
pp 4-5.
Book Name | 70
Chapter - 14
Ancient Indian Scriptures on Medicine: Serious thought to

Revive Ayurveda
Prof.Ranjana Mishra*
Abstract
The antiquity of ancient scriptures has been accepted by historians and it’s developed
between 2500 BCE and 500 BCE in India. Medicinal plants till today play a vital role in the
daily life of the rural and urban people of India. They serve as a therapeutic agents as well as
raw materials for the manufacture of traditional and modern medicine. The Ayurveda is
considered as a benign alternative to chemical medicines. In modern times the adverse
impact of allopathic medicine have led people confined to natural and safer sources All the
major religions of ancient India like Vedic religion, Jainism and Buddhism have epical
health books like Rig-Veda, Ayurveda, Yajurveda Atharvaveda, Charaka Samhita, Sushruta
Samhita of Sanatan Dharma and Agma Dhammapada of Buddhist literature, eleven Angas,
fourteen Purvas and Bhaktamar Stotra of Jainism, have provided details about plants,
minerals medicines. The research monologue is based on mixed methodology. The secondary
sources have been taken from ethno botanical studies from book and journals, Research Paper
of different Universities & Institute of India were collected from internet & library of
National Institute of Ayurveda. Various Ayurveda doctors were telephonically and through
email were contacted for information about folk medicine & plant species used for
developing immune system. The author also talked to them about various herbs, minerals,
plants used by various people and doctors in India to corroborate the hypothesis that
immunity has to be strong to fight against any disease in general and Coronavirus in
particular. Several preclinical and clinical studies have examined the potential of Ayurvedic
medicines. The expansion of these old-style systems of remedies with the outlooks of
protection, effectiveness and excellence will help not only to conserve this traditional legacy
but also to streamline the usage of natural products in the healthiness.
Key Words: Ojas, Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, Theraputic, Sushruta Samhita
Introduction
Ancient India has been a treasure trove of various scriptures that deal with health and
hygiene. In India, since time immemorial people had been using plants, fruits, barks, minerals
etc. to relieve discomfort and had discovered antidotes for ailments. These learnings were
passed from generation to generation with up gradation of old medicine. Medicinal plants till
today play a vital role in the daily life of the rural and urban people of India. They serve as a
therapeutic agents as well as raw materials for the manufacture of traditional and modern
medicine. In India right from ancient times, this was the belief that immune system can
* Former Head and Professor SMDSMC

affiliated to SNDT Women’s University, Mumbai.
E-mail : Ranjanamishra10@gmail.com, Mob. : 9892106889
Book Name | 71
detervarious diseases. i In India the concept of immunity is a little different from the western
world. In Indian manuscript, it is related with ojas or bal i.e. holistic strength. iiThe antiquity
of ancient scriptures has been accepted by historians and it’s developed between2500 BCE
and 500 BCE in India.iiiIndigenous knowledge of ancient medicine is vast, deep & diverse.
All the major religions of ancient India like Vedic religion, Jainism and Buddhism have
epical health books like Rig-Veda, Ayurveda, Yajurveda Atharvaveda, Charaka
Samhita,Sushruta Samhita of Sanatan Dharma and Agma Dhammapadaof Buddhist literature,
eleven Angas, fourteenPurvas and Bhaktamar Stotra of Jainism,have provided details about
plants, minerals medicines.ivIn India, Ayurveda is the repository of medicinal plants, herbs
and minerals. Its literal meaning is science of life. In Ayurveda an optimistic health means
metabolically well-balanced human beings and it encompasses all characteristic of illnesses,
pharmacy and therapeutics. The immunity concept in Ayurveda is body’s ability to fight any
disease therefore,Ayurveda defines vyadhi kshamatva as immunity where vyadhi is disease
and kshmatva means ability to overcome. The Ayurveda therapeutics has 8 sections divided
into 180 chapters and it emphasises on the usage of 314 plants. Off late even western world
have accepted the Indian indigenous sources of medicine.v In ancient time more than 17,000
species of plants were used but now only 3000 are in usage. Nearly 8000 plants species are
utilized in folkmedicine and approximately 25,000 effectiveplant-based formulations used by
the ruraland ethnic communities in India.
Originally, these formed the bulk of folk or ethno medicines but in course of timethis
knowledgewas verbalized, recognized and ultimately passed into the systematized system of
medicine such as Ayurveda, and Siddha etc.Dr David Frawley also points out, ‘aspects of
Ayurveda can be found in all the Vedas and are inherent in the Vedic deities (Devatas).vi
Herbal medicine is based on the hypothesis that plant covers normal ingredients that can
promote vigour and assuage illness. In India plants have not only being used for human
health care but for animal also. The World Health Organization (WHO) assessed that about
80% of the population living in the developing countries trusts almost completely on tradition
for their primary health care needs.viiIn 2013, WHO developed and lunched ‘WHO
TraditionalMedicine Strategy 2014–2023’ and emphasized tointegrate traditional and
complementary medicine topromote universal healthcare and to ensure the quality,
safety and effectiveness of such medicine. viiiBecause of these reasons the doctors and
scientists are insisting on supporting our immune system instead of just boosting it.But
unfortunately, a lot of cherished ancient knowledge is being lost at a frightening rate.
Methodology
The research monologue is based on mixed methodology. The secondary sources have been
taken from ethno botanical studies from book and journals, Research Paper of different
Universities & Institute of India were collected from internet& library of National Institute of
Ayurveda. Various Ayurveda doctors were telephonically and through email were contacted
for information about folk medicine & plant species used for developing immune system.
The author also talked to them about various herbs, minerals, plantsused by various people
Book Name | 72
and doctors inIndia to corroborate the hypothesis that immunity has to be strong to fight
against any disease in general and Coronavirus in particular.
Ayurveda: A benign alternative medicine
Prayogaḥ śamayedvyādhimekaṃ yo’nyamudīrayet|
Pnāsau viśuddhaḥ śuddhastu śamayedyanna kopayet||
Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā, Sūtrasthāna, 13.16ix
The Ayurveda is considered as a benign alternative to chemical medicines. In
modern times the adverse impact of allopathic medicine have led people confined to
natural and safer sources.x It has again brought ancient traditional systems of
medicine into the limelight. It has been shown in the past that medicines derived from
plants,spices and minerals are safer.
Ayurveda is original system of medicine which had specialized discipline of
toxicology or Agada Tantra which is one of the eight clinical specialties of Ayurveda
since thousands of years this branch is very close to envenomation. This practice has
become obsolete but still many techniques are being used by people in the remote
areas of India. The best thing about Ayurveda is that it deals with problems very
minutely. There are two ways to deal with the poison. One is related to animal origin
i.e. jaṅgama and other is plant origin i.e. sthāvara. xiSo safety has been given very
important position in Ayurvedic treatment. Ayurveda has a holistic approach of
treatment. It is always concerned with cure with no side effects i.e. sudha approach or
pure approach. This medicine even talks about the toxic nature of milk and butter
which are otherwise considered as vital but if the metabolism of the body is low then
it works as poison or viṣopamam.xiiThis text has a list of medicines that act as
antidotes and it reveals its impact on health in multifaceted manner. In present time in
cancer treatment the ayurvedic medicine works as elixir after chemotherapy and
radiation therapy. In present world the codified scriptures, the living practices and
scientific research can serve the purpose of filling the gap between past and present
method of treatment.
Sources about immunity from Ancient scriptures
In ancient Ayurveda scriptures variousviruses and their related medicine have been
mentionedabout 5,000 years ago.Ancient Indian literatures like Vedas, Puranas, Smritis,
Mahabharata, Upanishads, Brahmanas and many Sanskrit texts strongly advocated the
supremacy of medical treatment and medicines preparedfrom herbs and shrubs which were
collected from nature. The Vedas are the first texts in the library of mankind. N. J. Lockyer
has declared Vedas,as the oldest book.xiii
प्रयोजनंचास्यस्वस्थस्यस्वास्थ्यरक्षणमातुरस्यविकारप्रशमनंच।xiv
The couplet from Charaka Samhita says that the very purpose is to keep a man healthy and
keep him away from diseases. The process which began with the Yajurveda and
Book Name | 73
Atharveda,though in the garb of religious orthodoxy matured by the time Charaksamhita
came to be compiled during the early 1st century common era. The significance of the text is
implicit because of various commentaries related to it. तदायुिेदयतीत्यायुिेद:। (चरकसांधहतासूत्र.
30/23).It says anything that makes you aware of life is Ayurveda.The 11th century
commentary of Chakrapanidatta entitled Charka-tatparya-tika wrote that:
व्याविक्षमत्वनामव्याविबलविरोवित्वम्व्व्याविउत्पादप्रवतबन्धक्त्वम्इवत . xv
Vyadhi-balavirodhitvam means that by reducing the strength there would be manifestation of

disease and if it is prevented then no disease.
The 12th century another commentary was written by Hari Shiva Das named Charaka-tattva-
pradipika and in 1879 Gandhara wrote another commentary named Jalpa-Kalpa-taru in 1879.
So many new commentaries got written and that establishes the relevance of Charaka
Samhita.Not only in India but outside India also it got its popularity. The original Sanskrit
text got translated into Arabic named Sharaka Indianus in the 8th century and later on
findsmention in the Latin translation of Avicenna or Ibn-Sina,Avenzoar or Ibn-zuhr and
Averroes or Ibn-Rushd. The reason of its popularity was that in the Ayurvedic tradition,
emphasis on direct involvement of doctor with every aspect of science i.e.from herb
collection to the organization of theoretical knowledge was there unlike western concept.
समदोषसमाविचसमिातुमलः विया
प्रसन्नआत्मैन्द्रियमनः स्वस्थै त्यविवदयते (आचाययसुश्रुत )xvi
Susruta has described the features of a healthy person in the abovequote. It emphasises that
the doshas must be in equilibrium, the digestivefire must be in a balanced state and the tissues
(dhatus) and malas(wastes) must work in a normal state. The sensory and motor organsand
mind, atma must be also in a pleasant state. Such a person iscalled a healthy person or
Swastha.
विविविम्बलंइवतसहजकालज्युन्द्रिकृत(चरकसुिस्थन11 अध्याय् )
In Charak Sutrsthana‘s eleventh chapter it is written that immunity which is bala or Ojas
(strength) is of three types first is Sahaja i.e. congenital or natural, second is Kalaja i.e.
related to time, season, and age and third is yukti kruta i.e. acquired through diet
andexercise.xvii
तिरसादीनां शुिान्तनांिातू नांपरम्तेजस्तत् .खल्वोजस्तदे िबलवमवतउच्यते .xviii
In Susruta Sutra Sthana it is written that if ojas (strength) is destroyed everything will perish
as it is the defence mechanism of body. India’s history in medicine and its treatment
therapies such as the Ayurveda and Yunani, have been passed down through hundreds of
generations. The science of microorganisms i.e. Microbiology is no exception. The Vedic
suktas namely Kankotan sukta (Rigveda 1.191) by Rishi Agastya; KrimiJambhanam sukta
(Atharvaveda 2.31), KrimiNashnam sukta (Atharvaveda 2.32) and KrimiGhnam sukta
(Atharvaveda 5.23) by Rishi Kanva and his descendants; Rakshoghnam sukta (Atharvaveda
5.29) by Rishi Chatana; KrimiNashnam sukta by Rishi Badrayani and other such suktas
Book Name | 74
provides instant insight into the microbiology. Additionally, post Vedic literatures like
CharakSamhita, SusrutaSamhita, MadhavaNidana, AstangaHridaya, KasyapaSamhita,
VrikshAyurveda (science of plants/ trees), Arka Prakasha and many other Sanskrit literatures
narrates the science of microbes in great detail. For microorganisms, Vedas provides many
scientific terms.The conspicuous ones are Krimi, Adrishta Jantuanava, Sudrajantu, Pischach,
Durnamaha, etc. Vedic Rishis toneutralise them used a large number of antimicrobial/anti-
infective herbs, metals, minerals, rasayana, fermented products asava and arista (medicated
liquors) etc.xix
The third chapter of Charaka Samhita Vimana Sthana is Janapadodhwamasa.xx Janpad in
ancient India connoted community and Udhwamsa meant destruction. It has detailed about
epidemic characteristics and procedure to combat against has been chronicled.It is mentioned
that herbs should be collected before the time of destruction and before the earth lost its
fertility.
In this book Lord Atrey one of the famous physicians of ancient times had said about the
factors responsible for epidemics.He has emphasised that vitiation of vayu(air),udaka (water)
desa (location) and kala (season) led to the manifestation of diseases of human beings and
destruction of country.One of the methods commonly used to cure in ancient India was usage
of hot water by the patient.Today the COVID -19 has lots of similarities with the
characteristics and remedies of epidemic mentioned in Charaka Samhita by Lord Atrey.xxi
In the first ever celebrated conference on international Vedic Microbiology Seminar which
was organised collectively by Rishi Kanva Vedic Microbiology Research Institute (Gujarat),
Indian Foundation for Vedic Sciences (Delhi) and VishwaDharmayatan Sansthan (Delhi) was
held in New Delhi on 20th and 21st August 2007 where scholars asserted that Vedic
Microbiology has huge potential. It needs to be put to test with modern tools available with
us with the advancement of Science for harnessing the benefits and furtherance of our
understanding.
Present scenario of COVID -19 andAyurveda doctors assertion
Dr. Smita Naram, founder and CMD of Ayushakti at Mumbai, revealed that in the Charak
Samhita and sushrut samhita (krimi roga) of 4th century BCE there is a chapter on Krimi.
According to her, Krimi, in Ayurveda in a comprehensive sense is total worms and microbes.
The Krimi described in ancient texts is more or less similar to microbes or helminths
mentioned in the present time. She avers that in ancient Ayurvedic scriptures in general and
in Ashtangahridya in particular (AshtangaHridaya 2/31/5) they are omnipresent. There are
numerous types of krimi and in Charaka Samhita, there is a reference to krimi known as
Sleshma (Kaphaj) Krimi, which are active in respiratory systems and some of them are Maha
Sukshnma (very minute) and cannot be seen by naked eye. It is also said, they are borne
eating flesh and exposure to factors spreading them. She asserted that ancient medicine
physician Charak and surgeon Sushrut had written that they had the tendency to settle in the
patient‘s respiratory system. The manuscript also talks in length regarding the shape of the
krimi. It is written in Sushrut Samhita that they are round with spikes on them which are
Book Name | 75
very akin to Coronavirus of the present time.Dr. Smita Naram professed that in the scriptures
there is a precautionary measure to fight against krimis. Susruta had advised certain immune-
boosting herbs for the respiratory area surasadi group herbs to help with cough, fever
&respiration. Dr. Smita Naram also emphasized herbs, which help in clearing up respiratory
channels. She has even come up with a recipe that anyone can prepare as decoction at home
with Pomegranate peel, basil leaves, ginger, fresh turmeric, and black pepper powder .
Dr Partap Chauhan, Director of Jiva Ayurveda at Mumbai had emphasised on removal of
mental fear and negativity as they reduce immune system.He advised that that herbs like
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), Amala (Emblica ),
Glioy(Tinospora Cordifolia), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Kutki (Picrorhiza kurroa ), Tulsi
(Holy basil ),citrus fruits are good immune boosters.He further advocated for Ojas i.e.
strength andNasya i.e for healthy respiratory system usage of 2-3 drops of sesame oil or Anu
oil in each nostril.Dr Chauhan emphasised on doing trekking, walking, Yoga, Pranayama and
meditation for 30 minutesand for drinking warm water the whole day long.
Rajiv Vasudevan, founder and CEO of AyurVAID chain of hospitals emphasised on having
easily digestible food and avoid packaged food items.He insisted that immune system could
get boosted by food havingbitter and pungent and astringent taste as these items are light and
easy and maintain hydration with around 6 to 8 glasses of water daily. He asserted that Vedas
are the most ancient texts in Hindus and are the vast repositories of knowledge,relevant for all
times. The wisdom contained in these texts is applicable for the entire humanity and
surpasses all geographical, ideological, historical and sociological barriers. Furthermore, the
three Rig Vedic Gods, Indra, Agni and Soma, are associated with the three biological humors
(fluid) of Vata, Pitta and Kapha respectively.Dr.Zhankhana working with AyurVAID shared
similar type of information.
Dr Manisha Mishra at Charak Pharma, who has developed a range of ways to enhance the
natural defence mechanism of the body by healthy diet, personal hygiene such as gargling
daily with warm water or herbs like Tulsi(Basil), Yashtimadhu (Liquorice of licorice)Mint,
and Behda ( Terminalia), and immune-enhancing herbs or Ayurveda Rasayana like amla,
Guduchi, Haldi (Turmeric) , Tulsi, Yashtimadhu, etc. She emphasised on having detox
water made of Jeera (Cumin seeds), Fennel seed (Saunf) and Dhaniya seed to enhance
digestion and eliminate toxins and practiceof Yoga and Pranayama to distress and reduce
anxiety
These doctors aver that our ancestors had immense knowledge of plants, herbs and spices
which was healthy and nutritionally rich. India being diverse in geography and culture had
a clear and separate food belief system as per their requirements of body. The ancient
literature, namely Bhagavad-Gita, Ramayana, and various scriptures of different ancient
religions, claimed that food was a source of strength and a gift from God. So in the modern
life style one should not forget about the health treasure trove of the past.
Book Name | 76
Relevance of Ayurveda in Covid time
Ayurveda waswell-thought-out as one of the unsurpassedmethods to treat illnesses and lead a
healthy lifestyle in ancient India. Because of its positive consequences it has become popular
in modern eraalso. Ayurveda helps us in merging our modern routine and health related
issues with the primordialinsight of consuming natural substances, medicines and herbs to
lead a vigorous, contented, stress-free and disease-free life. The WHO (World Health
Organization) also accepted it as an alternative medicine in 1976.The cardinal aim of
Ayurveda is to restore the individual balance between mind, body and spirit. In Ayurveda
medicines are given to individual on the basis of kapha(earth and water),pitta (fire and water)
and vata (air and ether). The outstanding feature of Ayurveda is that all patients are not given
the same medicine but on the basis of the composition of the requirement of the body
medicine is decided. There is hardly any chance of reaction in this treatment. All treatments
and therapies are as per the demand of the body constitution. Even the exercise, meditation,
nutrition varies from person to person. Because of the individual case study in Ayurveda and
emphasis is on wholesome food, meditation and yoga apart from medicine there are
possibilities to stay disease free. TheAyurveda way of life beats stress which is common in
modern times. The chief minister of Kerala had decided to tackle the spread of Corona virus
by using Ayurveda. In Kerala the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare had declared till 5 th
June 2020, the total number of COVID-19 cases roseto 5,274. Because of Ayurvedic
treatment so far 149 deaths have been reported which is less as compared to other states of
India. In Kerala as the usage of plants and herbs are very popular the number of Corona
patients are fewer as compared to other places.The official report says that under Ayurvedic
treatment 410 patients have been cured and discharged. xxii
The Union AYUSH Minister Shripad Naik has expressed confidence that COVID-19 could
be treated with Ayurveda. He said that in the absence of scientific validation it has been used
as adeterrent measure during the recentpandemic.xxiiiHe also reaffirmed his
contentiousassertion that Prince Charles was cured of COVID-19 with Ayurvedic treatment
by Bengaluru-based doctor. He avers that it is difficult for the Occidentals to accept the
superiority of Ayurveda. In India 60 to 70 per cent control of coronavirusis due to home
remedies prescribed in Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani.
Dr.Thanikasalam Veni at Rathna Siddha Hospital in Chennai, and has 25 years of experience
in the field of Siddha and Ayurvedic medicines,in an interview to ANI, said that he has
formulated a medicine from extract of herbs which could cure any virus related fever.xxivBS
Yediyurappa, Karnataka, Chief Minister had requested Ayurveda doctor Giridhara Kaje to
work on ancient Indian medicine to serve as a potential cure against coronavirus.xxv
Shivraj Singh Chouhan,Chhattisgarh Chief Minister has agreed to distribute one crore packets
of a kadha (herbal decoction) madeof shunthi, (ginger) amala, (goose berry),peepal powder
(banyan leaves and seeds) which has cured more than 90 patients along with a nurse. It
claims that it would increase the immunity system.xxviThe Dr. Jayanti S Ravi, Principal
Secretary, Department of Health, Government of Gujarat in her official briefing claimed that
the usage of Ayurvedic medicines, ‘kadha’ (a concoction/decoction of various Ayurvedic
Book Name | 77
herbs) and homeopathic pills and drinks helped to protect over 6,000 quarantined people from
contracting COVID-19.Dr.Ashwini Setya a Gastroenterologist and Programme Director in
Delhi’s Max Super Speciality Hospital, has said that in absence of any data we could not say
about the result of Ayurveda as most of the patients are having Ayurvedic medicine along
with allopathic medicine. Dr Abhishek Guptachief medical officer at Nirogstreet,assert thatan
Ayurvedic ‘kadha i.e. decoction is replete with qualities. It gives strength to the body to fight
contagious diseases.So the government of India after seeing the result of Ayurvedic medicine
now the by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research (CSIR) and AYUSH ministry are working together to get the medicine against
COVID 19.xxvii
Conclusion
WHO avers that goal of health for all could not be achieved without herbal medicine. Several
preclinical and clinical studies have examined thepotential of Ayurveda medicines. The
expansion of these old-style systems of remedies with the outlooks of protection,
effectiveness and excellence will help not only to conserve this traditional legacy but also to
streamline the usage of natural products in the healthiness. So extra efforts should be made
to conserve extinct plants for better health without any side effects of modern medicine. The
ancient wisdom of the Vedas is as much pertinent now as it was in the past. By learning the
ancient manuscripts and understanding their spirit, willhelp to construct a healthier tomorrow
for future citizens.
References
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used by tribals in Western Ghats of India,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 69, no.
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36, no. 3, pp. 185–191, 1992.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
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13. P. A. Cox, Ciba Foundation Symposium 154, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1990.
14. P. A. Cox and M. J. Balick, “The ethnobotanical approach to drug discovery,” Scientific
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 121–122, 2008.View at:
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pharmacogenomics: Ayurveda Prakriti type and CYP2C19 gene polymorphism
associated with the metabolic variability,” Evidence-Based Complementary and
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Breman, A. R. Measham et al., Eds., pp. 1281–1291, Oxford University Press, New
York, NY, USA, 2nd edition, 2006.View at: Google Scholar
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review,” Bulletin of the Indian Institute of History of Medicine, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 21–32,
21. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_part2.p
df.
22. Guidance for Industry on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Products and Their
Regulation by the Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Md, USA, 2006.
23. Apte,V.S. 1970 The student’s Sanskrit English Dictionary Motilal Banarasi Dass, Delhi.
24. Devi Chand,M.A. 1995 The Atharvaveda (Sanskrit text with English Translation)
Munshi Ram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
25. Dominik Wujastik 1998 The roots of Ayruveda, Penguin books India,(P) Ltd., New
Delhi – 110019, India.
26. Gupta,C.M. Vocabulary of medicinal substances & drugspublished by Khosla brothers
27. Karambelkar,V.W. 1961 The Atharvaveda and Ayurveda, Majestic Printing Press, Tilak
Statue Mahal, Nagpur-6. Kenneth G.Zysk. 1998 Medicine in the Veda (2nd Indian
edition)
28. Published by Motilal Banarasi Dass
29. Publishers Pvt. Ltd. Delhi, India.
30. 7. Ralph,T.H.Griffith. 1968 Hymns of the Atharvaveda (Vol.1&II) Chowkhamba
31. Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi
32. 8. Shrikantha Shastri , Atharvaveda Samhita with Sanatan Bhasya (4, Parts)
33. Madhava Pustakalaya, New Delhi,
34. 9. Wise, T.A. The Hindu system of medicine, MittalPublication, Delhi, 1986
Book Name | 80
Chapter - 15
Mantra Incantation : A Means for Treatment in Ayurveda

Nisha Aggarwal*
Meera K Bhojani**
Mahesh K Vyas***
Pankaj Pathak****
Abstract
Ayurveda is a science of life and is considered as the oldest system of medicine. It has a
holistic approach in dealing with healthy as well as diseased individuals. The health of the
healthy individual can be maintained by following the Codes of Conduct mentioned under the
heading of Sadvritta by our Acharyas. And for curing the diseased, three types of Chikitsa
namely Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashrayaand Satvaavajaya have been described and
these can be opted according to the condition of the disease and strength of the patient.
Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa (Divine therapy) includes chanting of mantras and performing
homas which mainly revives the normal functioning of Sattva and removes obstacles of Rajas
and tamas. Acharya Charaka has adopted Mantra, Aushadha, Mani, Mangala, Bali,
Upahara, Homa, Niyamana, Prayascita, Upavasa, Svastyayana, Pranipata, Gamana as a
part of Daiva Vyapashraya chikitsa. Of all these methods mentioned in Daivavyapashraya
Chikitsa, mantras hold an important position in the Ayurveda texts. It is believed that just by
chanting a mantra one can save him from having a disease or any other difficulty. Thus, the
practice of mantra recitation can help an individual in gaining the mental and physical health.
Keywords: Daiva Vyapashraya, Mantra, Sattv
Introduction
According to the primitive man, it was
believed that an illness is caused due to the
punishments given by supernatural forces like
Gods, Demon etc. surrounded by elemental
forces of nature. And to overcome those types
of mysteries, they used to practice Mantra,
jaap and homa mentioned in vedas.The word
* MD Scholar Department of Samhita and Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi

** Associate Professor Department of Sharira Kriya AIIA, New Delhi
*** Professor and HOD Department of Samhita and Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi
**** Associate Professor Department of Samhita and Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi
Email-id: nishaaggarwal1711@gmail.com, Contact no: 9718565029
Book Name | 81
Mantra is derived from two words Manand Tra. Man—mananaat--just by chanting and tra—
trayate-we can protect ourselves. Means, just by chanting one can save him from having a
disease or any other difficulty.
Mantra is actually a combination of shabda, which is a very basic form of energy. According
to theistic philosophy, the Universe evolved from "AUM", which was the first shabda to
exist. Together many shabda constitute a mantra, which is a repetition of group of shabda or a
specific energy-field.The right and systemic chanting of Mantra produces positive energy that
has the power to awaken the body’s natural healing mechanism.
Scientific theory behind Mantra (Sound) therapy
Everything in the universe (including human beings) vibrates at its own specific,natural
frequency. Every system in our body has its own cycle, rhythmand pulse. An imbalance, or
dis-harmony, in these cycles can manifest as mental, physical, spiritual or emotional
imbalances, or disease. Every cell in our body acts as a sound resonator, and our body is
made up of at least 70% water. Because of this our bodies are an excellent conductor of
sound vibrations, making this therapy a very effective method of healing.
The law of attraction states that we constantly give off vibrations of energy when we think or
feel or speak some words. So, when a Mantra is repeatedly chanted, a particular frequency is
established and this frequency establishes a contact with the cosmic energy and drags it into
body and surroundings. Thus, balance the energies and also increase the level of positive
energy, which promote health.
Chanting of mantras stimulates the brain and its various parts, including the pineal gland
which helps in the release of endorphins and melatonin hormone. As a result, this-
• Keepsdepression at bay and makes a person more resilient.
• Normalizes adrenaline level, blood pressure and brain wave pattern.
• Soothes nervous system and increases concentration.
Book Name | 82
• Relaxes muscles, reduces stress and brings restrain in life.
Ayurveda Theory behind Mantra Chikitsa
As per the Ayurveda theory, when the phonetics of Sanskrit are spoken, they strike the palate
at multiple reflex points, which stimulates the energy in numerous meridians. This further
awakens the inactive parts of the brain (most of which remain unused in average man),
thereby enhancing the circulation and flow of energy throughout the body.
Yoga philosophy considers as each
Chakra in its subtle form is a lotus
with varied number of petals. Each
petal epitomizes an Akshara (letter
or alphabet) and a main letter, the
Beejaakshara (beeja means seed).
Besides, each Chakra has a
presiding deity with unique colour
and features, that are responsible
for nurturing specific organs or area
of the human body. Chanting helps
stimulates these chakras. This in
turn helps strengthen the immune
system as the vibration align all the chakras, thereby maintaining wellbeing. Sahastrara
Chakra, at the crown of the head, nourishes the seven dhatus which are the structural unit of
human body. Depending on the disease, the patient's condition, the dhatus affected, chanting
of a particular mantra can bring about healing of that specificdhatu (Body tissue) which is
imbalanced.
Ayurveda texts references in support of Mantra Chikitsa
One can find numerous references emphasizing mantra recitation in Charaka Samhita –
Context Reference
• In the context of Sadvritta, it is advised not to eat food • Ch.Su.8/20

without the invocation of mantra.
• Mantra has been considered as the first and foremost • Ch.Su.11/54

aspect in Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa.
• The mantra is considered to be the remedy to remove the • Ch.Ni.7/16

effect of graha that are gripped for the desire of ratiand
himsa(violence).
Book Name | 83
• While giving examples for the reason of Niyata (fixed) • Ch.Vi.3/36
and Aniyata (eternal) ayu,Acharya Charaka has
mentioned that incantation of mantra is a way to promote
longevity.
• Under the explanation of duties of disciple, it is said that • Ch.Vi.8/11

the virtuous disciple should invocate the mantra and do
the yajna before the beginning of the teaching session.
• The couple is advised to do mantra incantation before • Ch.Sha.8/8

involving in the sexual activity so as to get the virtuous
qualities in the child.
• In Jatakarma that is the reciting of mantras in the • Ch.Sha.8/39

newborn's right ear, requesting the Gods to protect the
newborn from evil spirits.
• Chanting of Vishnu Sahastra Naam (thousand names of • Ch.Chi.3/311

Lord Vishnu) in the treatment of Jwara(fever)
• In the treatment of AgantujaUnmada (Insanity) • Ch.Chi.9/94

• In Visha Chikitsa (Treatment of Poisoning), mantra is • Ch.Chi.23/61
described as the first method to get rid of the effect of
poison in the body.
• In the treatment of snake bites, antidotes are prepared • Ch.Chi.23/90

while chanting specific mantras to increase the efficacy
of the medicine (during the preparation of
MahagandhahastiNaamagada, described inVisha
Chikitsa).
• Before collection of herbal drugs. • Ch.ka.1/14
Acharya Sushruta has given the equal importance of invocation of mantra in the following
ways:
Context References
• Incantation of Rakshoghna mantras to protect and • Su.Su.5/17

promote healing of the wounds.
Book Name | 84
• On dreaming of inauspicious dreams, it is mentioned that • Su.Su.29/72
one gets rid of nightmares by chanting Mahamrityunjaya
Mantra and Gayatri Mantra.
• With the mantra pronunciation, depoisoning of the food • Su.Su.46/448

can be achieved.
• The newborn is given ghee madhu andswarnaor doorva, • Su.Sha.10/15

after they have been purified with the mantra incantation,
thrice a day.
• At the time of feeding the newborn, mantra is chanted so • Su.Sha.10/30

as to promote strength and longevity.
• While enlisting the various treatments for wounds, • Su.Chi.1/76

acharya quotes that just as one, even without knowing
much about the effect or meaning of mantra, gets
benefitted with its chanting. Similarly, the usage of certain
herbs (as mentioned in the context) is as fruitful as the
mantras are.
• Recitation of Gayatri mantra is advised while preparing • Su.Chi.28/25

those medicines that aim to promote intellect and
rejuvenation in the body.
• Invocation of mantras at the time of collection of the • Su.Chi.30/26

herbs, which would then remove all the miseries from the
life and would rather work as rejuvenator and bring
happiness in the body.
• In the treatment of poison, acharya mentions that by tying • Su.Ka.5/8-12
the Arishta(bandage) prepared with mantras, the effect of
the poison stops. Furthermore, the poison is quickly
destroyed if the mantras are enchanted by learned and
ascetic sages.
• Child affected with MukhamandikaGraha, is advised to • Su.U.35/8

take bath with the water proven with Gayatri Mantra.
• Child affected with any of the grahas, gets cured by the • Su.U.60/37
invocation of the mantras.
Book Name | 85
Discussion
Human beings are
associated with the
mantras right from the
day when they are born
tilltheytake their last
breath. As seen from the
above references given
by our ancient acharyas,
whena child is born
mantras are recited in ear
to protect him from the
diseases and other
difficulties. And at the
time of death also, mantras are invocated tohelp a soul move into the blue ethers and escape
the electromagnetic field of the earth. Mantras are given immense importance and are
performed as a part of a ritual practice before and during every auspicious occasion in various
religions.These Mantras are the words loaded with power and sounds that have the ability of
penetrating our body into deep levels. Any vibration created by the utterance of these
mantras, cause an impact on our inner self. These vibrations generate some neuro-transmitter
and brain wave which effects our entire body, ultimately producing a healing impact over
body.
In a nutshell, one must incorporate these divine and spiritual energies in the form of mantras
in their lives as these can help in the transformation of life issues benefitting each and every
aspect of life.
Book Name | 86
Chapter - 16
A case study of Atopic dermatitis / Kitibha Kushta

Dr. R. Supraja M.D (Samhitha) *
Key words: Kitibha, oral medicines, chronic, atopic dermatitis
Context of the case
To report a case of female aged 50 years had atopic dermatitis. According to my view it is a
case of kitibha kushta with vata and kapha dosha predominance with slight pitta vitiation.
History
She was diagnosed as atopic dermatitis by 2012 and she was under allopathic
medication for 8 months. The symptoms get reduced and again start to appear by taking
allopathic medicine. At one condition there is no reduction of single symptom. She came to
my consultation by 2019 may and she took medicines up to august 2019.
Symptoms
Itching all over the lesions and the lesions present in the both legs. Black patches of thick
skin covered of 1to 1.5cms length and it is of rough in nature. The patches are very much
itchy and on rubbing it little oozing occurs. It starts to extend day by day.
Management
Guggulu tiktaka ghritham 20gms was taken and mixed with 60 ml of warm water and taken
morning and night after food. Arogya vardhini vati 2 tablets with hot water morning and
night after meals twice daily. Nimbamrtasavam 20ml was taken and mixed with 60 ml of
water and taken after food in morning and night. Durvadi tailam is used for external
application.
Disease progress
The use of above mentioned drug in 15 days showed 70% reduction of itching all over the
lesion. Continuation of the medicines for 1 month results in the disappearance of patches.
After 1&1/2 months the black patches and wound disappeared & after 2 months the skin got
its almost normal appearance. After the disappearance of the symptom also the patient is
advised to continue medicines for 1 month and there is no reoccurrence till date.
Discussion
Guggulu tiktaka ghritham is tridosha nasaka and it is vrana sodhaka and ropaka. So it cures
Kushta effectively and it acts on Asthi and Majja gata level also so it can gives a effective
cure to the disease as it is a chronic disease.
* Assistant Medical officer

Government Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital Nagercoil, Tamilnadu
E- mail : dr.supraja@yahoo.com, Mob. 9360091342
Book Name | 87
Arogya vardini vati is indicated in 18 types of kushta.It is also tridosha nashaka. As Kitibha is
also one among 18 types of Kushta and it is kshudra Kushta this vati cures the disease
effectively.
Nimbamrtasavam is vata and kapha samana as it contains nimba and guduchi both are blood
purifier, so by purifying the blood it cures the disease and morethan that it is having
kushtahara property and it pacifies the vata and kapha Dosha effectively. So it gives an
effective cure to the disease.
Durvadi tailam is twacyam and vrana ropana, as it is twacyam it cures all the ailments in skin
and it cures the wound also.
Conclusion
The above mentioned medicines will give a long term cure to kitibha kushta and chronic
illness will also disappear by above mentioned ayurvedic drugs. It is a result of single case
study that has given results with these medicines. Further evaluation of cases will be needed
to give extensive results.
Before and after treatment pictures
Book Name | 88
Chapter - 17
A Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Cancer

Study of Stem bark (Cortical Part) Extract of Couroupita
guianensis Aubl. (Lecythidaceae) by using In-vitro Cancer
Cell Line (MCF-7).
Dr. Pramod Kumar Soni*
Dr. Rajesh singh**
Dr. Om Prakash Rout***
Introduction-
The Ayurveda is most ancient science in the world. It is also called Science of Life.
As compared to modern science Ayurvedic principle is unchangeable because Ayurvedic
principle is truthful and eternal. At a present day cancer is wide spreading and deadly
disease.The root cause of cancer is 'Aahar' and 'Vihar' . In Brihattrayi cancer is likely to be
'Arbuda'. Now a days the treatment of Cancer is most expensive and completely not cured
and seen hazardous effects in many cases some Ayurvedic plant shows anti-cancer property
such as Guduchi, Sadabahar, Tulsi, Neem, Wheat grass (jawara) , some Rasa- Aushaudhi also
shows anti-cancer property such as Hirakbhasma etc. On the basis of such anti-cancer
property the study will be on anti-cancer property holding drug- Couroupita guianansis Aubl.
“Anenopdeshena Nanaushadhibhutam Jagati Kinchid dravyama Uplabhyate
taam taam yuktimartham cha tam tamabhipretya”. (Cha.S.Su.26.12)
As emphasized in Charaka Samhita, there is no substance in this universe having no
medicinal value. It is left to the treating physician to make use of the best.[1]
In charaka Samhita chapter 18 Trishothiya Adhyaya Arbuda is described as a type of
Shotha and the cardinal symptom of shotha is Utsedha Samanya.[2]
“Rogaah Cha Utsedha Samanyad Adhimamsa Arbud Adayah.” (Cha.S.Su.18.33)
Similarly Achaya Sushruta mentioned Arbuda as Vritta, sthira, Manda Rujam,
Mahantam, Analpa mulam, Chira Vriddhi Apakam and with the Upachaya of Mamsa. This
kind of Shopha is called as Arbuda. The character of Arbuda is similar to Granthi.[3]
Gurvadi gunas have direct role in deciding rasadi properties and actions in the body.
The concept of Karma is depending on Rasa Panchaka.
* PG Scholar
** Assistant Professor
*** Associate Professor
PG Department of Dravyaguna Shri NPA GAC Raipur C.G. India
E-mail- pramodsoni7879@gmail.com
Book Name | 89
Raja Nighantu mentions basonyms and synonyms are sssigned to plants on the
following seven bases – Rudhi (traditional usage)
Prabhava (effect)
Deshokti (habitat)
Lanchhana (morphological characters)
Upama (simile)
Veerya (potency)
Itarahvaya (other factors).[4]
Sanskrit name – Not mentioned in Ayurvedic classics.
Hindi name – Naglinga, Topegola.
English name – Cannon ball Tree.
Kannada name – Naglingam Pushpa.
Latin name – Couroupita guianensis Aubl.
Family – Lecythidaceae.
In India the occourance of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. is mostly in south and west region of
India.
Medicinal use - Amazonians use extracts of several parts of the tree to treat many diseases
like Malaria, Pain, Common Cold, Toothache, Wounds, Tumors, Skin diseases, Hypertension
etc.
Cancer cell line- Cancer cells that keep dividing and growing overtime, under certain
conditions in a laboratory. Cancer cell lines are used in research to study the biology of
cancer and to test Cancer treatments.[5]
The first human cell line HeLa was developed by George Gey. This cell line was
derived,from a lady who had cervical Carcinoma named Henrietta Lacks.
Cell line is an important experimental tool in Cancer research. There are different type of
Cancer Cell line e.g. MCF-7 developed from breast adenocarcinoma, HeLa which develops
from Cervical adenocarcinoma.
Previous research work-
Reasearch work on Couroupita guianensis Aubl. -
1. Badri-nath S.-Study on Couroupita guianensis (Aubl.) Trivendrum,1991.
2. In-vitro anti-oxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction of water extract of flower of
Couroupita guianensis, 2011.
3. A short review on therapeutic uses of CouroupitaguianensisAubl., 2011.
4. Vinod H. Gupta etal. Neuropharmacological evaluation of the methanolic extract of
Couroupita guianensis Aubl. flower in mice, International Journal Of Pharmaceutical
And Phytopharmacological Research, 2012, vol I(5), Pp.242-246.
Book Name | 90
5. Anti-depressant like effect of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Flowers in animal model
of depression, 2012.
6. Anti-oxidant, Phytochemical screening and anti-microbial activity of Couroupita
guianensis flower extract, 2014.
7. Production of silver nano particles synthesis of Couroupita guianensis plant extract
against human pathogen and evaluations of anti-oxidant properties, 2015.
8. Isolation and characterization of phytoconstituents using low polar solvents from the
flowers of Couroupita guainensis, 2015.
9. Qualitative characterization of phytochemicals and in-vitro anti-microbial evaluation
of leaf extract of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.- A threatened medicinal tree, 2015.
10. Impact of auxins on vegetative propagation through stem cuttings of couroupita
guianensis Aubl. A conservation approach, 2016.
11. Anti-oxidant activity of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.
12. Anti-microbial, wound healing and anti-oxidant potential of Couroupita guianensis in
rats.
13. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti proliferative activities of successive
extracts of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Plant, 2018.
Research work on cancer-
1. Dennis R.A. Mans etal.: Anti-cancer drug discovery and development in Brazil
targated plant collection as a rational strategy to acquire candidate anti-cancer
compounds, The Oncologist, 2000, vol 5(3), Pp.185-198.
2. Sharmistha Banerjee, Sukta Das : Anti-carcinogenic effects of an aqueous infusion of
cloves on skin carcinogenesis, 2005.
3. Kumar S. etal. : Anti-cancer effects of ethanolic Neem leaf extract on prostate cancer
cell line (PC-3), Journal Of Ethnopharmacology, 2006, vol-105(1-2 ) Pp.246-250.
4. Punar Dutt Meenaeta l:Anti-cancer and anti-mutagenic properties of Acacia nilotica
(Linn.) on7, 12-dimethylbenz(a) anthacene induced skin papillomagenesis in Swiss
albino mice, Asian Pacific Journal Of Cancer Prevention, 2006, vol7(4), Pp.185-198.
5. Shushant Roy Karmakar, Surjyo Jyoti Biswas, Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bakhsh: Anti-
carcinogenic potentials of a plant extract (Hydrastis Canadensis): I.Evidence from in-
vivo studies of mice (Musmusculus)Asian pacific journal of cancer prevention, 2010,
vol. 11(2), Pp.545-551.
6. Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga: Anti-cancer, chemopreventive and radioprotective
potential of black plum (Eugenia jambolana Lam.) Asian pacific journal of cancer
prevention, 2011, vol. 12(1), Pp.3-15.
Book Name | 91
7. Debashish Pradhan, Gitanjali Tripathy, Santosh Patanaik: Anti-cancer activity of
Limonia acidissima (Rutaceae) fruit extracts on human breast cancer cell
linesTropical journal of pharmaceutical Research, 2012, vol.11(3), Pp.413-419.
8. P. Gopinath etal. : Anti-cancerous activity of Albizia amara (Roxb.) Biovin using
human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by in-vitro methods International journal of
pharma research & Review, 2013, vol.2(8), Pp.23-32.
9. Deepti Dua, Nupur S. Srivastav : Anti-cancerous and anti-oxidant potential of aueous
extracts of Annona reticulata, Podophyllum peltatum, Psidium guajava, Ananas
comosus, Carissa carandas on MCF-7 cancer cell line International journal of
integrative sciences Innovation and Technology, 2013, vol.2(4), Pp15-19.
10. Ravindra Puttaswamy etal. : Anti-cancer activity of Memecyclon umbellatum leaf
extract World journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2013, vol.2(6),
Pp.5997-6000.
11. Chinnappan Ravinder Singh, Kandasamy Kathiresan : Anti-cancer efficacy of root
tissue and root-callus of Acanthus ilicifolius L., on benzo(a) pyrene induced
pulmonary carcinoma in Musmusculus World j. of pharmacy & pharmaceutical
sciences, 2013, vol.2(6), Pp.5271-5283.
Need of study-
Natural product from medicinal plants play a significant role in discovery of different
pharmacological action of new drug as well as methods for therapeutics of various deadly
disease including Cancer.The number of strategies has been implemented to combat against
such fatal diseases.
Chemotherapy is one of the commonly used treatments in routine practice but with
unsatisfactory outcome due to the problem of hazardous side effects and toxicity to normal
cells.[6]
In Ayuvedic literature cancer is mentioned as 'Arbuda' which is like that 'Shotha' because
without Shotha, the Samprapti of Arbuda is not possible.[7]Arbuda (Cancer) is due to the
vikriti of Vayu and Agni because Vayu is Tantra-Yantra Dhar.[8]So the study is also object in
these relevant factor.
We know very well that all the plant have medicinal property more or less. Couroupita
guianensis Aubl. is "Namtah Anukta" in Ayurvedic literature. So its 'Rasa-Panchak 'is not
known very well. The study will evaluate the Rasa-Panchak of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.
on the basis of 'Pancha- Mahabhuta' theory.
Therefore based on published literature and traditional knowledge, we selected traditional
endangered plant with great medicinal value.
Hypothesis -
Null hypothesis – Couroupita guianensis Aubl. may not have anti-cancer property.
Alternate hypothesis – Couroupita guianensis Aubl. may have anti-cancer property.
Book Name | 92
Aims and objectives-
The Ayurvedic basic principle now a day can be presented in such a way by using modern
techniques to spread knowledge of Ayurveda world wide. The study was aim to test-
1. Review of the drug Couroupita guianensis Aubl. and its pharmacological actions.
2. Pharmacogonostical study of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. stem bark.
3. Phytochemical study ofCouroupita guianensis Aubl. stem bark.
4. Efficacy of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. stem bark extract against cancer cell line.
Review of literature-
In Ayurveda which drug is not mentioned Namtah, studied under as‘Anukt Dravya’
The present review of traditional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological studies on
Couroupita guianensis Aubl. highlighting the correlation between the active constituents and
various pharmacological activities. A complete review from Ayurveda and modern text and
research journals will be compiled and critically analysed.
Materials and methods-
The study encompass phytochemical studies. Hence the study will be carried out in
the following phases-
(a) Collection of drugs:
The stem bark of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. will be collected by the scholar from
its natural habitat.
(b) Authentication of the drug:
To establish the correct botanical identity of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. will be
identified by Raw material herbarium and museum New Delhi.
1. Pharmacognostical analysis -
a. Organoleptic evaluations
Organoleptic evaluationsCouroupita guianensis Aubl. will perform according the
colour, odour and taste parameters.
b. Macroscopic evaluations
The macroscopical feature of Couroupia guianensis Aubl. study for its size, shape,
fracture and marking surface.
c. Microscopic evaluations
Free hand section of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Will be taken and stain by the
suitable reagent to confirm its diagnostic characters. Powder microscopy will also
carried out with their specific diagnostic characters.
Book Name | 93
2. Phytochemical analysis -
Phytochemical analysis of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. By following standard
procedures from AYUSH approved drug testing laboratories.
a. Determination of physicochemical parameters
The dried plant material will subjected for determination of physicochemical
parameters such as foreign matter, moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash,
alcohol soluble extractive and water soluble extractive values.
b. Extraction of Plant materials
The powdered plant materials will be subjected to extraction processes with suitable
solvents using standard extraction processes like maceration or percolation or
soxhlation. The liquid extract will be concentrated under reduced pressure and
percentage yield with respect to the dried plant will be calculated.
c. Finger printing study by Chromatography.
Procedure for secondary cell line development-[9-10]
Fully confluent adherent type cell flask is taken
Discard medium from flask
Wash once with 2-3 ml sterile PBS or media

(Note - To remove fetal Bovine serum (FBS )which is an inhibitor of Trypsin)
Add 6-8 ml trypsin solution or elastase solution
Kept at 370C into CO2 incubator till they detach from surface
Transfer into sterile conical tube(generally 15 ml graduated centrifuge tube)
Centrifuge for 3-5 min at 2k-4k rpm depending upon the cell size
Discard the supernatant and wash with PBS (Phosphate Buffer Saline) or media to remove trypsin or
add FBS
Split the cells into 1:3-1:5 ratio into fresh medium containing FBS (Generally 10%)
Book Name | 94
Keep into the presence of 5% CO2 into CO2 incubator in sterile condition
Common requirements for culture growth media-
(The amount and concentration varies according to the cell selected for growth)
Ingredients-
1. Ions - Na+, K+ ,Mg2+ ,Ca2+ ,Cl- ,CO2or bicarbonates,P+ etc.
2. Sugars - Glucose
3. Amino acids - 13 essential
4. Vitamins
5. Trace elements - Iron, Selenium, Zinc etc.
6. Fetal calf serum - Usually 10%: Nutralizes the trypsin, used to buffer toxic nutrients
by binding them and contains hormone like growth factors or peptide hormone
accelerate the growth.
7. Antibiotics - Amphotericin-B, Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Kanamycin etc. : To prevent
the growth of bacteria or fungal contamination.
Physiological condition to maintain the culture -
Temperature - 370C
PH- - 7.2-7.5
Humidity - 80-90%
Gas phase - CO2 (5-10%) or Bicorbonate
Visible light - Should be kept in dark.
Plan of study -
The present study will be carried out in following phases such as-
1. Review of literature
2. Materials and methods
(a) Pharmacogonostical studies
(b) Phytochemical studies
(c) Cancer cell line studies
(d) Evaluation of Rasa- Panchak on the basis of Pancha-Mahabhuta
3. Result
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
6. Summary
Discussion –
Chemotherapy is one of the commonly used treatments in routine practice but unsatisfactory
outcome due to the problem of hazardous side effects and toxicity to normal cells. We know
Book Name | 95
very well that all the plant have medicinal property more or less. Concept of Anukta is stated
in the context of Tantrayukti. Specific Tantrayukti i.e. Atidesha Tantrayukti is attributed to
understand the concept and technology of Anukta. Anukta dravya is basically not included in
classics of Ayurveda. Sanskrit nomenclature should be done as per the criteria of
nomenclature mentioned in Dhanwantari Nighantu. Natural product from medicinal plant
play significant and low cost therapy as well as less side effect. This study done on the eyes
of Ayurveda as well as modern parameter.
Therefore based on published literature and traditional knowledge, we selected traditional
endangered plant with great medicinal value.
Keywords – Ayurveda, Arbud, Anukta, Rasa-Pnnchak, Panch-Mahabhuta, Cancer, Cancer
Cell Line.
Note – This study is under research. Result is entertained based on significant data.
References-
1. Agnivesha. Charak samhita with Ayurveda Dipika commentary by Chakrapani Datta.
Sutra sthana. 26/12, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan; 2009
Sutra sthana. 18/33, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan; 2009
3. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary by Dalhanacharya, Edited by
Vaidya yadavji Trikamji, Nidana sthana. 11.13-14, Chaukhambha Orientalia,
Varanasi, 1992
4. Acharya Narahari Pandit, Raja Nighantu with translation by Indradeva Tripathi,
chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 1996
5. https://www.cancer.gov>dictionaries>def, Definition of cancer cell line-NCI
Dictionary of cancer.
6. Khalis D Datkhile, Pratik P Durgawale, Madhavi N. Patil In vitro evaluation of
cytoxic and genotoxic effects of plant extracts from Nothapodytes foetida (Wight)
Sleumer (Family:Icacinaceae), Asian Journal Of Phamaceutical And Clinical
Research, vol 11, issue 12, 2018.
Chikitsasthana.12/87 , Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan; 2009.
Sutra sthana. 7(2)/12, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan; 2009.
9. Bikas Medhi, Ajay Prakash Practical manual of Experimental and clinical
pharmacology, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P) Ltd New Delhi, second edition
2017.
10. Freshney R I.,Cell line provenance, cytotechnology 2002, 39:3-15.
Book Name | 96
Chapter - 18
Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Sira

Vedha and lifestyle modification with diet regime-
A Case study
Dr. Gaurav Sawarkar*
Dr.Priti Desai**
Dr. Punam Sawarkar***
Abstract:
Background: NAFLD is the major issue in the today’s era with the changing lifestyle and
diet habits. It is not uncommon disorder which refers to a group of conditions having
accumulation of excess fat in the liver. It is non serious condition of liver, but if left
untreated, it will be converted in to serious diseases condition.
Case Presentation: In this case repot 23 years old male patient reported to the OPD having
complaints as loss of appetite, fatigue and constipation. After clinical blood investigation it
was observed that liver function was hampered, lipid profile disturbed as well in radiological
investigation, it was diagnosed with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The
patient was treated with Sira Vedha (bloodletting), as suggestive treatment of YakrutVikar by
Sushruta, same treatment advised in modern medicine as Phlebotomy. In the Sira Vedha, 65
ml blood was withdrawn for three times in interval of 15 days. The before and after blood
investigations and radiological investigations were compared and found to be corrected.
Conclusion:Sira Vedha with lifestyle modification and diet regime was effective in this case
of NAFLD as competent, safe and less expensive treatment.
Keyword- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD, YakrutVikar, Sira Vedha,
Phlebotomy
Introduction
Simple fatty liver is also known as non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), is a form of NAFLD in
which person have fat in liver but no inflammation or liver cell damage. Simple fatty liver
typically does not progress to cause liver damage or complications [1].But, progression of
* Associate Professor, Dept. of Rachana Sharir,

Mahatma Gandhi Ayurveda College Hospital & Research Centre, Datta Meghe Institute of
Medical Science (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
drsawarkar.gaurav@gmail.com, 8956977899
** Professor, Dept. of Rachana Sharir,
Medical Science (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
*** Associate Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma,
Medical Science (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Book Name | 97
this led to damaging circumstances. Currently there is no effective complete treatment for
NAFLD; weight loss and physical activity that are the most effective therapies for the
treatment of this disease, but they have not been successful in curing the disease as well as
effective drug is also not available [2,3].In last three to four years, due to drought condition,
patient was not affordable and ask for any cost-effective management for the said disease
[4].So, we recommended Sira Vedha treatment to the patient as stated by Sushutra which is
safer and effective treatment for the YakrutVikar [5],same is also supported by modern
science in the form phlebotomy [6].
Patient Information
23-year-old male patient came with complaint about loss of appetite, fatigue, acidity and
unsatisfactory bowel movement. Patient had taken palliative treatment for the said complaint,
but not received expected relief. Patient had history of jaundice, twice, 2 year before.Family
history of patient was found not remarkable.
Clinical Findings
On examination, patient was febrile (100OF), BP -120/70 mmHg, Pulse was 80 /min and
regular. Abdominal examination showed mild tenderness at right hypochondrium region.
After clinical examination and blood investigation, it was concluded that liver function was
hampered. On radiological investigation it was rule out that Grade I non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease.
Diagnostic Assessment
For the assessment of objective parameters, blood investigations like liver function test, lipid
profile and total blood count on every visit were done and radiological investigation carried
out before and after the completion of intervention for the confirmation of the outcome.
For subjective parameter assessment appetite assessment tool (table 1), fatigue severity scale
(table 2), constipation scale (table 3) was implemented.
Table 1: Characteristics of the 5 appetite assessment tools administered. [7, 8]
Appetite assessment Time frame of

SN Description
tool reference
Subjective assessment Present appetite vs appetite last week

1 7 days
of appetite (increased, decreased, or unchanged).
Table 2: The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)

SN Fatigue Severity Scale Scale
1 My motivation is lower when I am 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
fatigued
2 Exercise brings on my fatigue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Book Name | 98
3 I am easily fatigued 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4 Fatigue interferes with my physical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
functioning
5 Fatigue causes frequent problems for me 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6 My fatigue prevents sustained physical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
functioning
7 Fatigue interferes with carrying out 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
certain duties and responsibilities.
8 Fatigue is among my three most 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
disabling symptoms.
9 Fatigue interferes with my work, family, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
or social life
The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) is a Likert scale consisting of nine items that assess fatigue
severity and functionality. Items were rated on a scale of 1 to 7 according to their level of
agreement with a given statement [9].
Table 3: Constipation scale [10]
SN Contentareas Detail Yes / No
1-2 times per 1-2 days to < per
1 Stool frequency No
month length of time per attempt
Incomplete evacuation + urge to
2 Rectal symptoms defecate pain with bowel Yes
movement
3 Abdominal symptoms Abdominal Pain No
4 Assistive measures Digital evacuation of stool Yes
5 Medication Laxative Yes
Therapeutic Intervention
Table 4: Intervention details
Intervention Sira Vedha + lifestyle modification with diet regime
Bloodletting Quantity 65 ml per visit
Day 0 Investigations prior to intervention
Duration Day 1 Intervention 1st Visit
Day 15 Intervention 2nd Visit
Book Name | 99
Day 30 Intervention 3rd Visit
Investigations after completion of
Day 31
intervention
Follow up 60th day Follow up investigations
Total duration 120 days
Follow-up and Outcomes

Table 5: Time line investigation per visit-
Day 0 Day 15 Day 30 Day 60
Day/ Investigation
Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4
HB 15.8 15.6 15.4 15.3
MCV 90 93 92 90
MCH 28 28.2 28.1 28
MCHC 31 30.7 30.7 30
Total RBC 5.41 5.58 5.59 5.6
WBC 6100 7700 7900 8000
Monocytes 2 5 4 4
Granulocytes 54 68 67 65
Lymphocytes 43 28 27 25
Eosinophils 1 2 2 2
Basophils 0 0 0 0
Total Platelet count 1.35 2.12 2.13 2.15
Bilirubin Total 1.51 2 1.34 1.1
Conjugated 0.37 0.36 0.2 0.1
AST 96 42 38 35
Unconjugated 1.14 1.64 1.14 1
Globulin 2 2.4 2.2 2.4
Protein 6.2 6.8 6.8 6.8
Albumin 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.1
ALT 104 101 58 51
Alkaline Phosphate 172 226 170 145
Book Name | 100

LDL Cholestrol 128 130 109 98
Total Cholesterol 190 180 178 175
Triglyceride 161 120 104 101
HDL 32 34 38 40
VLDL 32 22 20 24
Table 6: Radiological investigation

Stratus Before intervention After intervention
Date 03.01.2020 04.02.2020
Impression Garde I fatty liver No obvious abnormality noted in the present
scan
Table 7: Subjective Parameters outcome

SN Subjective assessment of Before intervention After intervention status
status
1 Appetite Deceased Increased
2 Fatigue Score = 3 Score = 1.11
3 Constipation Mild Absent
Discussion
In this case, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease assumed to be YakrutVikar and treated with
principle of the Ayurveda. Embryologically Yakrut is made up of Rakt as stated by Sushutra
and at the same acharya told that various type of bloodletting technics [11, 12],
Sira Vedha (bloodletting) is one of them treatment of Yakrutvikar. Vitiated Rakta Dhatu leads
to number of skin diseases, Splenomegaly, haemorrhoids, ulcers etc [13],
So that to relieve the patient’s fatty liver pathological condition Raktamokshana is advocated
as the supreme mode of treatment in the context [14].
The liver function test and lipid profile were getting normal up to the last visit of the patient
after intervention (table 5). This was supported with the experimental studies underwent
phlebotomy and concluded that phlebotomy can decrease liver enzymes.[15] and also found
that phlebotomy decreases in oxidative stress and necrosis reduces apoptosis and leads to an
improvement in liver cells.[16]
Patient had history to have oily stuffs and lack of physical exercise, so lifestyle modification
with moderate exercise and diet regime also advised him; which was improved the appetitive,
fatigue and constipation that supported in the management of NAFLD as it plays important
role in the once life in balance of mental and physical state, reinforced with statement of
Book Name | 101

Harrison S. et. al. as lifestyle modifications that combine an exercise programme with a
tailored dietary regimen well effective in NAFLD [17].
Conclusion
Sira Vedha with lifestyle modification and diet regime was effective in this case of NAFLD
as competent, safe and less expensive treatment.
Patient Perspective
Patient is very happy with the treatment and feeling very relax and calm as he was relived
from diseased condition and further advancement of the disease. And also thankful for
inexpensive treatment.
Informed Consent
The patient had given his consent for clinical and other information to be reported in the
journal.
Conflict of Interest
No conflict of interest
References
1. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/definition-
facts, 01.04.2020, 18.42 IST
2. Sanyal AJ, Chalasani N, Kowdley KV, McCullough A, Diehl AM, Bass NM, et al.
NASH CRN. Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N
Engl J Med. 2010;362:1675–85.
3. Marchesini G, Bugianesi E, Forlani G, Cerrelli F, Lenzi M, Manini R, et al.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic
syndrome. Hepatology. 2003;37:917–23.
4. Thakre Rushikesh, Bhutada S, Chouragade B, Khobragde P, Harne Ketaki. Ethano
Botanical Properties of Unexplored Plant KhanduChakka (EhretiaLaevisRoxb.).
International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research. 2016;4(7):68-73.
5. Sharma P.V. Shushrutsamhita, SharirSthan, Chapter 8/17, edition 9th ,Choukhamba
Orientale publications, varansi, 2007, p. 381
6. Murali, A. R., Gupta, A., and Brown, K.( 2018) Systematic review and meta‐analysis
to determine the impact of iron depletion in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome and
non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res, 48: E30– E41. doi:
10.1111/hepr.12921.
7. Burrowes JD, Larive B, Cockram DB, et al. Self-reported appetite, hospitalization and
death in hemodialysis patients: findings from the Hemodialysis (HEMO) study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005; 20:2765–2774. [PubMed: 16204298]
Book Name | 102

8. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, McAllister CJ, et al. Appetite and inflammation,
nutrition, anemia, and clinical outcome in hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr.
2004; 80:299– 307. [PubMed: 15277149]
9. Krupp LB, LaRocca NG, Muir-Nash J, Steinberg AD. The fatigue severity scale:
Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Archives of Neurology. 1989; 46:1121–1123. [PubMed: 2803071]
10. Agachan F, Chen T, Pfeifer J, Reissman P, Wexner SD. A constipation scoring
system to simplify evaluation and management of constipated patients. Dis Colon
Rectum. 1996;39(6):681–685. doi:10.1007/bf02056950
11. Borage S, Shelotkar S. Study on the efficacy of Jalaukavacharana (Leech therapy) in
Puyalasa with special reference to Acute DacryocystitisJoinsysmed 2017, vol 5(2), pp
-86-90
12. Kadu AS, Rajput DS, Deshmukh SG. Management of recurrent nasal vestibular
furunculosis by jalaukāvacaran. a and palliative treatment. Ancient Sci Life
2017;36:220-4.
13. Sushruta, sushrutasamhita, Ambikadatta shastri, nibandhasangraha commentary of
dalhanacharya 1997 eleventh edition chaukhamba Sanskrit sansthan Varanasi
sutrasthana 24/11, page 102.
14. Sushruta, sushrutasamhita, Ambikadatta shastri, nibandhasangraha commentary of
dalhanacharya 1997 eleventh edition chaukhamba Sanskrit sansthan Varanasi
sutrasthana 25/12-15, page 104.
15. Valenti L, Fracanzani AL, Fargion S. Effect of iron depletion in patients with
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease without carbohydrate intolerance. Gastroenterology.
2003;124:866–7. [PubMed: 12612935]
16. Nelson JE, Wilson L, Brunt EM, Yeh M, Kleiner DE, Unalp-Arida A, et al. Hepatic
iron deposition in reticuloendothelial cells but not hepatocytes is associated with more
severe NASH: Results from the NASH Clinical Research Network. International
BioIron Society Meeting 2009. Am J Hematol. 2009;84:E373–4.
17. Harrison A, Day C et. al., Benefits of Lifestyle Modification In NAFLD, Recent
Advances In Clinical Practice, Gut 2007;56:1760–1769. doi:
10.1136/gut.2006.112094
Book Name | 103

Chapter - 19
Anatomical aspect on mode of action of kavala

Author : Dr. Amarjeet Kaur*
Co-Author: Dr. SeetharamaMithanthaya**
Dr. Swati Bedekar***
Abstract:
Oral hygiene is an essential part of daily regimen of an individual and is one of the karmas
mentioned in dincharya1 according to Ayurveda. Oral hygiene keeps our teeth, gums and oral
cavity free from all germs making it healthy and clean. The oral cavity and its mucosa is
exposed to many risk factors like bacterias, viruses, fungi etc. Mukhaswasthya can be
achieved by oral regimen such as dantadhavan, jihvanirlekhana, gandusha,
pratisaranaandkavala. Kavala2 is defined as the gargling of a liquid in specific amount for a
certain duration of time. It helps in strengthening of the muscles of mouth and facial region.
Oral health is an indicator of overall health, well-being and good quality of life. The oral
diseases can be reduced through public health interventions by addressing common risk
factors so that diseases can be prevented.
Keywords: kavala, gandusha, mukhaswasthya, oral hygiene
Introduction:
FDI’s definition of oral health3 –
Oral health is multi-oriented. It includes one’s ability toconvey variety of emotions through
facial expressions with confidence and without pain, discomfort and diseases of the
craniofacial complex and to speak, smile, smell, taste, touch, chew, and swallow without
difficulty.
WHO’s definition of oral health4–
It is defined as one’s state of being free from oral diseases, mouth and facial pain and
disorders that limit an individual’s capacity and ability in biting, chewing, smiling, speaking
and psychosocial well-being.
Kavala5 (oil pulling):
Sukhamsamcharyateyatumatrasakavalasmrutaha (su.chi.40/62)
According to Sushruta, the material used for kavala can easily move in mouth.
* Designation:P.G.Scholar, P.G. Department of RachanaSharira, J.S. Ayurveda

Mahavidyalaya, Nadiad, Gujarat. 8849220690, amarjeet94.k@gmail.com
** Associate Professor, P.G. Department of RachanaSharira, J.S. Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya,
Nadiad, Gujarat. 9901732256, drsitharam1@gmail.com
*** H.O.D & Professor, P.G. Department of RachanaSharira, J.S. Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya,
Nadiad, Gujarat. 9881693240, lswati68@gmail.com
Book Name | 104

Kalkenakavalahasmrutaha (sha.utt.10/4)
AcharyaSharangadhara6has mentioned use of medicated pastes for kavala.
Types7
Kavala has been classified into 4 types based on its karma and Doshagnaproperty. They are
1. Snehi/Snaihika(Lubricating/moisturising) forvatadosha
2. Prasadi/Prasadana (mitigating/cooling) for pitta dosha
3. Samshodhana/Shodhi (purificatory) forkaphadosha
4. Ropana (healing) for vranadosha
The method of practicing of kavala is similar togandusha the only difference lies in the
amount.
Samyak Yoga lakshana8
Vyadherapachayaha: remission or elimination of disease
Tushtih: freshness and cleaniliness of mouth
Vaishadyam: clarity of the oral cavity
Vaktralaghavam: feeling of lightness in the mouth
Indriyaprasada: normal functioning of all sense organs.
Heena Yoga lakshana9
Jadya: stiffness of mouth (TMJ)
Kaphotklesha: excessive salivation
Arasajnana: inability of the tongue to perceive proper taste.
Ati Yoga Lakshana10
Mukhapaka: ulceration or sores in the mouth.
Shosha: dryness of the buccal cavity
Trishna: feeling of thirst
Aruchi: tastelessness in the mouth or anorexia
Klama: sense of exhaustion.
Contraindication – below 5 years of age as the child can swallow the liquid.
Benefits of gandusha according to Acharya Charaka11 –
Hanvohbalamasvarabalamavadnopchayahaparah |
Syataparama cha rasajyanamanne cha ruchihuttamaa ||
Na cha asyakanthashoshahasyatanosthayohasphutanatabhayama |
Na cha dantahakshayamayantidrudhamulabhavanti cha ||
Na shulayantenachaamlenahrishyatebhakshyanti cha |
Paranaapikharaanabhakshyanstailagandushadhaaranata || (cha.su.5/78-80)
There is close relation between oral cavity and tempero-mandibular joint. This relation may
help in strengthening of TMJ and dislocation of TMJ is also manipulated through oral
Book Name | 105

cavity.Swara is combination of very different components like tongue palate larynx, during
kavala it improves the strength of all the muscles involved and also stimulates
glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve.
Improves specific and proper taste perception by eliminating the strotorodha by kavala. It
elimimates the dryness and dehydration of oral cavity by stimulating salivation and formation
of mucus and moistens it.
Tailagandusha eliminates aggravation of vatadosha. It prevents dental carries and recession
of gums. Acts as disinfectant. Gives strength to the dantamoola by bhruhanakarma.There
will not be any pain and harsha on exposure to amlarasa. Person can easily eat and chew
hard food without discomfort.
Discussion:
Kavala is an exercise for muscles of face (mastication) and oral cavity. So, it enhances its
functional capacity by nutrition and stimulate facial and trigeminal nerve endings.
Muscles of mastication are involved in chewing, they are – masseter, temporalis and medial
pterygoid all are directly involved in mastication, are powerful closures of jaw and provides
strength of the bite. Lateral pterygoid has assistance in mastication by moving the jaw side by
side to help in grinding food. There is innervation of mandibular division of the trigeminal
nerve12.
There is one more muscle sphenomandibularis which is innervated by maxillary branch of the
trigeminal nerve.Not only the muscles but it enhances function of bones and joints by
nourishment.
Tongue is highly mobile muscle vital for digestive functions such as mastication, perception
of taste and deglutition (swallowing). It is also important for speech. The tongue has two
principal types- extrinsic and intrinsic muscles.The extrinsic muscles include- Genioglossus,
Styloglossus, Hyoglossal and Palatoglossus. First three are innervated by hypoglossal nerve
while palatoglossus is innervated by pharyngeal plexus which contains axons from both the
vagus nerve and accessory nerve13.
Sensory axons of CN V maxillary branch carry nerve impulses for pain, touch and thermal
sensation from the mucosa of nose, palate, part of pharynx, upper teeth, upper lip and lower
eyelid. The mandibular branch contains sensory axons from anterior two-third of the tongue
(not for taste), cheek and mucosa deep to it, lower teeth, skin over the mandible and mucosa
of floor of the mouth. Somatic motor axons are part of mandibular nerve and supply muscles
of mastication and controls chewing movement14.
Axons of parasympathetic neurons of the CN VII end in two parasympathetic ganglia:
pteropalatine and submandibular ganglion. The axons extend upto lacrimal glands, nasal
glands, palatine glands and saliva producing sublingual and submandibular glands15.
Sensory axons of CN IX arise from taste buds and somatic sensory receptors on the posterior
one third of tongue, from proprioceptors in swallowing muscles supplied by the motor
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portion. Somatic motor neurons innervate the stylopharyngeus muscle parasympathetic
autonomic motor neurons stimulate parotid gland to secrete saliva16.
The sensory portion of the CN XII consists of axons that originate from proprioceptors in the
tongue muscles. The somatic motor axons conduct nerve impulses for speech and
swallowing17.
Sharircheshtayaacheshtasthairyarthabalavardhini |
Dehavyayamasamkhyatamatrayataamasamachareta || (cha.su.7/31)
Vyayamahasthairyakaranama | (cha.su.25/40)
Tailamvatashleshmaprashmananama | (cha.su.25/40)
According to AcharyaCharak18,19,vyayama provides stability to the body and enhances the
muscle functional capacity.
Tail alleviates the vata and kapha dosha20.
Tailagandushaabhyasodantabalaruchikaranaama | (cha.su.25/40)
Regular practice of tailagandusha gives strength to teeth and prevents aversion to food21.
Superiority of tila tailam22:
Sarveshamatailajatanaamatilatailamavisheshyate |
Balarthesnehane,..|| (cha.su.13/12)
Tilataila is considered best among all the tailas and has oleating properties.
Properties of tila tailam23:
Rasa – madhura
Anurasa – tikta, kasaya
Guna - guru, vyavayi, sukshma, vishada, sara, vikasi, vrushya, ushna, tikshna
Virya - Agneya, ushna
Vipaka – madhura
Karma – bhruhana, prinana, tvakaprasadana, shodhana, anila-balaskshayakarama,
krimighana
So, tilatailam can be used for daily practice of kavala.
Mode of action of kavala –
Continuous movement of kavaladravya in mouth results in development of pressure inside
mouth which stimulates pressure receptors in buccal cavity with increased vascularization
and absorption.
The composition of saliva consists of some dissolved gases and other organic substances,
including uric acidand urea,IgA, mucus, enzyme lysozyme (bacteriolytic), and salivary
amylase, which acts on starch. IgA is a secreted type of antibody that prevents attachment of
microbes so they cannot penetrate the epithelium of buccal cavity. The enzyme lysozyme also
kills the bacteria24.
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The feel and taste of food are potent stimulators of salivary gland secretions. Chemicals
present in the kavaladravya stimulate receptors in taste buds on the tongue, and impulses
propagate from the taste buds to the superior and inferior salivary nuclei in the brain stem.
Impulses in parasympathetic neurons of facial nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve then
stimulate secretion of saliva. The flow of saliva washes out the mouth and dilutes and buffers
the remnants of irritating chemicals25.
Sublingual absorption is route of administrationof kavala drugs by which chemicals diffuses
into blood through tissues (as permeability is increased by kavala) under the tongue which is
predominantly a mucous gland that produces a thick mucinous fluid and lubricates the oral
cavity which helps in swallowing, initiates digestion, buffering pH and dental (oral)
hygiene26.
The sublingual and submental arteries, which are branches of lingual artery and facial
artery26supply the sublingual glands.Whenever something is put inside mouth, chemical
present in it comes in contact with the mucous membrane beneath the tongue, from where it
is absorbed. The connective tissue present beneath the epithelium contains a profusionof
capillaries, substances from there diffuses and then enters venous circulation26.
Conclusion:
Kavala is a practice which is easily accessible, economical, less time consuming and has
many benefits as discussed above. It removes mala and pootigandha(halitosis). So, it should
be practiced and included in our daily regimen for good oral health as well as overall health
of an individual.
Reference:
1. Agnivesha, CharakaSamhita, Sutra Sthana, MatrasheetiyaAdhyaya5/78-80, edited and
translated by Prof. Priyavrat Sharma, ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi, 2014; 33
2. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita,ChikitsaSthana,
DhumanasyakavalagrahaChikitsitamaAdhyaya 40/62, edited and translated by Prof.
Priyavrat Sharma, ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi, 2013;681
3. https://www.fdiworlddental.org/oral-health/fdi-definition-of-oral-health
4. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/oral-health
5. IbidemSushruta Samhita(2),DhumanasyakavalagrahaChikitsitamaAdhyaya40/62;681
6. Sharangadhara, SharangadharaSamhita, Uttarakhanda, 10/1-3,6th edition,
ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi, 2005;354
7. IbidemSharangadharaSamhita(6), Uttarakhanda, 10/1-3;354
8. IbidemSushruta Samhita(2),DhumanasyakavalagrahaChikitsitamaAdhyaya40/63-64;682
Book Name | 108

11. IbidemCharakaSamhita(1),MatrasheetiyaAdhyaya5/78-80;39
12. Tortora and Grabowski, Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, 10th edition, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc,2003;324
Sons, Inc,2003;326
Sons, Inc,2003;480
15. IbidemTortora and Grabowski (14), 2003;482
18. IbidemCharakaSamhita(1), Sutra Sthana, NaveganadharniyaAdhyaya7/31;50
19. IbidemCharakaSamhita(1), Sutra Sthana, YagnapureeshiyamaAdhyaya25/40;168-169
22. IbidemCharakaSamhita(1), Sutra Sthana, SnehaAdhyaya13/12;86
23. IbidemSushruta Samhita(1), Sutra Sthana, DravaDravyavidhiAdhyaya45/112;438
24. IbidemTortora and Grabowski (14),2003;858
26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublingual_administration
Book Name | 109

Chapter - 20
Preventive aspect and future strategies of Ayurveda in

primary health care system
Dr. Neha kothari *
Dr. Rupali Bedre**
Dr. Nirmala Apturkar***
Dr. Darshana Ubhale****
Abstract:
Introduction : With various challenges to the health care world the resistance of individual
to fight various disease is also one such challenge.The immune system which forms a base
line of defence mechanism fails in combating the newer challenges of invading
viruses,bacterias etc.Ayurveda as an ancient old science also believes in the concept of
protecting the health by preparing it prevent unwanted diseases and combating that happens
to invade human body..Vyadhikshmatva is a much broader concept studied in Ayurveda in
relation to immunity.Its practice also gives the newer path in discovering various immune
enhancing.Priamary health care can infact cover almost all folds of preventive,promotive ,
rehabilatating and managing health.So is Ayurveda with its ever defending principle of
prevention can serve as the best way to overcome the health crisis . Aim and objectives:To
study the Ayurvedic preventive aspect and future scope strategies of Ayurveda in Primary
health care system. Material and method:Various Ayuvedic references,research articles,
electronic support articles to be studied:Conclusion:Primary health system forms base of
preventive and promotive aspects hence a stronger approach to build this support system will
lead to better health care in the country and Ayurveda is the first thing to look for the
betterment of the system.
Keywords : primary,secondary,tertiary, prevention,lifestyle,rehabilitation
Introduction
“He who has health has hope, he who has hope has everything”with a natural sense of
well being ‘ health empowers every costlier assets one can ever preserve. Health is the
greatest of all possessions.Ayurveda as a prevailing ancient science has also elaborated the
concept of health with two fold objectives one to maintain the positive health and second to
eradicate disease.The aged old science believes in nourishing the concept of
longetivity(dheerghajivitiya) ,seeking proper life(ayushkamiya)2hence it deals with all four
1
corners of “good –bad”, “happy –unhappy”perspectives of life(ayu)3 leading for promotion

of health for all.Accordingly, a healthy person is one who has balanced doshas(normal body
* Assistant Professor Kayachikitsa ,BMAM,Nagpur,Maharashtra,India

** Assistant Professor Kriya sharir,BMAM,Nagpur,Maharashtra,India
*** Assistant Professor Rachana sharir,BMAM,Nagpur,Maharashtra,India
**** Assistant Professor Nidan,TAMV,Pune,Maharashtra,India
Book Name | 110

functions), balanced agni (digestive power), properly formed dhatus (tissues), proper
elimination of waste material and one with a pleasant sense of wellbeing4.Preserving this
sovereignty of health is the foremost responsibility of every individual. Apart WHO
constitution affirms that “the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of
the fundamental right of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political
belief , economic and social condition. Health is a state of complete physical,mental and
social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity5.This is the definition
adopted by WHO but Ayurveda has considered the supremacy of the health years before the
advent of any contemporary medical sciences.
“Preserving Health” is a million dollar question for the health care world in developing
countries as the resources fail to combat the requirements. The difficulty which the health
care system confronts is one finding ways and means of utilising the skills and knowledge in
best possible dimensions and make it available to the mankind.We do take challenges of
curing “ n” number of viruses,bacterias but the ayurvedic approach first focuses on measures
which will allow an individual not to get encircled in the process of getting the illness i.e it
aims at securing the best of the health . “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of
cure”.Principles in ayurveda are clear in the vision of protecting the best(health) and
eradicating the worst(disease)6.And in order to achieve the goal of “ health for all” , the
global wellbeing of each living being ayurveda has much to offer .For seeking longetivity
with disease free body the holistic as well as curative approach of ayurvedic principles can
serve as elixir of life.
Health with vision of Ayurveda, a term looked with bull’s eye
“Health should mean a lot more than escape from death or escape from disease. Sharangdhar
samhita quotes “ no creature is immortal, it is impossible to prevent death ,but it is
possible to prevent diseases.so one should try for what which is preventable”.”Health as
per Ayurvedic text is a devine entity which helps in attainment of pious
act(dharma),wealth(artha),desire(kam),salvation(moksha).Ill health takes away the happiness
from life. Disease free body is the best source of wealth,virtue,gratitude on contrary diseases
are destroyers of these sources,wellbeing and life itself7.The condition where body is devoid
of any abnormality is known as healthy(swastha) .The word swastha comprises of “ swa”
means one’s own “tha” being in natural state.That implies the state of being in own best
wellbeing is health(swastha).The feeling of healthiness is health. It is definitely a state easy to
define but far more difficult to maintain .Charak also emphasises on its maintenance one
should avoid all negative things because according to him if the body is not healthy then
nothing exists 8i.e person should perform such actions which are good for his body as the
officer incharge of city does for his citizens and a charioteer does it for the chariot9 .This
simile example by acharya charak just depicts the keenness they had taken in giving full
importance to maintenance and propagation of health. Health is like a bicycle for balancing, it
has to move on,so is Ayurveda with its 2 fold objectives and balance of all vitals i.e
dosha,agni,dhatu as quoted earlier ,it is a futuristic science which is so deep rooted that its
vision of health is still followed by the contemporary sciences .
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Demographic need and changing pattern of diseases as they exist hand in hand
Demographic trends such as urbanisation and high prevalence of chronic diseases pose new
problems in all countries .Other social, behavioural and biological changes such as increased
sedentary lifestyle, resistance to antibiotics ,new emerging infections recent ebola ,corona
viruses threaten the wellbeing of hundreds of people across the world.Greater recognition to
mental health ilnesss is also needed as the most ignorant state could also damage the health
care statistics in future. Similarly the investments we make in promoting
physical,mental,social wellbeing of child and mother will pay greater dividend in future
generation.Even after the huge efforts by the government and world health organisation there
has been stagnation in the graph of curability of diseases.IHD,stroke,COPD,TB,DM,cirrhosis
of liver, lower respiratory tract disease which hit the charts from 2000 to 2016 demographic
variations are still prevailing with same number in the population.For instance the death
percentage of population suffering from IHD from 13.4% in 2000 has reached to 16.6 in 2016
.Where as there is stagnancy in improvement in people die due to DM that is 1.8 % during
this span of time.The statistical data gives an alarming signal to deal with the preventive
measure with great earnest effects and efforts.What Ayurveda can contribute is par
significance with its fundamental and applied principles in preventing the health of every
individual in the globe.The promotive,preventive curative and rehabilitative ayurveda
needs to be established and implemented for the betterment of health all over the world.
Rights and responsibilities as for every right there are tons of responsibilities
With the advent of WHO ,for the first time “Right to Health” was recognized
internationally.Ironically “from bitterness of disease man learns sweetness of health”New
trending health challenges paved the way for health care organisations to take step in
establishing various organisations to look after health of every developed and developing
countries of the nation.With time and passage nothing has changed “Health for all by 2000”
has now been shifted to “2030 sustainable development agenda”10 where in too health has
been given prime importance.Its 26 paragraph deals with ensuring healthy lives and promote
well being for all at all ages by 203011.
The best investment one can make is in own “health hence the main focus of WHO has
shifted from “ health for the people to health by people”.Health is everyones
responsibility, one must first love oneself and keep oneself away from any disease which may
eventually lead to the promotion of right health to all, at all ages.This is what Ayurvedic
principles had taught years before to preserve ones health by following proper day
regimen(dincharya),night regimen(nishacharya),seasonal regimen(kritucharya).
Nothing has changed what has changed is the acceptance of the fact that “for fit nation ,one
has to keep oneself fit” and avoid the possibility of getting entangled to any disease by
augmenting ones immunity.Man’s body is itself an army of soldiers which can protect him
from any hazards.And real importance of a true lifestyle has been taught by Ayurveda.Our
body is the reflection of our lifestyle and hence no other science could really explain its real
treasure power except ayurveda.
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Prevention an iceberg phenomenon as “ Prevention is million times better than cure”
Goals of contemporary medicines are similar to the basic concept of of Ayurveda i.e to
promote,preserve,restore health when it is impaired and to minimise the sufferings ,these
goals are embedded in word “prevention”.It has been rightly quoted “ it’s better be aware
than to be slave of diseases”In modern world ,the concept of prevention has become broad
based.It has become customary to define prevention in terms of four level.1.Primordial
2.Primary prevention 3.Secondary prevention 4.Tertiary prevention.Ayurveda in view of
the term “ prevention” has far bigger approach, its the only science which has contemplated
all the levels of prevention with much of the depth that the contemporary sciences have not
even touched the footstep of the pinnacle.It has enlisted all possible dimensions of
pathological causes(hetu),prodomal symptoms signs(ling),the medicinal
strategies(aushadh).The only time has come to promote these concepts for the usefulness of
mankind not only in holistic way but also in curative and rehabilitative manner.Let us discuss
and categorise ayurvedic approach towards better health in terms of modern concept of
prevention.
“A vision without strategy remains an illusion”
Ayurveda for primordial prevention:
It deals with the concept of discouraging children to adopt harmful lifestyle that may lead to
diseases like obesity, HTN, smoking, alcoholism, malnutrition etc. This primitive measures
can be done through mass education.
The conventional public health measures or interventions have been a failure in making
inroads into lifestyle reforms.Ayurvedic promotional concepts deals with the fact that it gives
meaning to life ,it makes understand the need of reforming the way of living right from the
concept of waking us early in morning to sleeping calmly at night precisely emphasises
dincharya (daily regimen).
The phrase “early to bed ,early to rise makes you healthy, wealthy and wise” deals with
the foreseen vision of sages of Ayurveda. It emphasises the need to wake in brahma
muhurta12 i.e the pre dawn hour.It advocates that for maintenance of health ,life one should
wake in brahma muhurta which is the appropriate time to seek knowledge .
The importance of vyayam(exercises) has also been advocated with all do’s dont’s.It focuses
on the fact that regular practise of exercise will result in(laghavam) light feeling ,(karma
samarthya)good exercise tolerance,(dipta agni)good digestive power ,(meda kshay) fat
reduction ,(vibhakta ghan gatra)fit and attractive body13.
Sleep is the investment that binds our health and bodies together.Ayurveda in the chapter of
daily regimen has also jotted the importance of proper sleep.As sleep is utmost necessary for
being effective .To work for tomorrow one must be recharged by proper sleep.As it is said in
Ayurveda “on the quality of sleep depend happiness (sukham) and misery (dukham),
nourishment (pushthi), malnutrition (karshya), strength weakness (bal- abal), potency
(vrishata), knowledge ignorance (gyanam-agyanam), life and death” 14.
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Nutrition been the prime need for all grownups as it gives their defence system a power to
fight the invaders in the body. It has been quoted that “ doctors of the future will no longer
treat the human frame with medicines ,but rather will cure and prevent disease with
nutrition” So is our age old science has tried to make future doctors by writing the correct
way to gain nutrition for all.
Ahar vidhi vidhan (proper way to consume food)of Ayurveda focuses that one should eat
warm (ushnam), unctuous (snigdham)nutrition food in proper quantity (matravat)after
previously consumed food is digested(jeerne) .The food eaten should be consumed in proper
place(ishta desh),with all proper accessories (ishta sarva upkrama),not too fast(na-
atidrutam) ,not too slow( na-ativilambitam),not while talking(ajalpam) or laughing(ahasan)
and with full concentatration(tanmana) 15.With all wide range of food items Ayurveda has
clearly explained the properties of all varieties of food stuff and seasonal variations affecting
the digestive power. Thus make it easy for us to choose the right food for our physical
constituition.There have been research papers explaining the scientific base of ahar vidhi
vidhan ,the relation of calories intake with the speed of food,the importance of fat in diet etc.
Concept of acharya rasayan16 (good conduct ) is the best virtue of thought given by
ayurveda.These rule of social behaviour fits in contemporary era where death due to violence
bad virtue of drug ,alcohol addicts,self harm victims have increased dramatically.It is
practicing truth,refrain anger,violence,live in peace and yet disease free.These principles line
the base of treating psychosomatic disorders.As mental health surpasses any science of reality
when it comes to managing it.
Children at tender age if given the knowledge of proper lifestyles as per the ayurvedic
regime will far more prevent the youngster to get succumb to diseases originating from ill
habits like obesity,Diabetes mellitus.hypertension,coronary heart diseases,mental illness and
far more on the list.
Ayurveda for primary prevention
It is defined as “action taken prior to the onset of disease,which removes the possibility
that the disease will occur”.Primary prevention is now being applied to the prevention of
chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease ,cancer, hypertension.In case of
communicable diseases too this preventive measure is essential.Who would have ever
thought that cold of December would make you ill in February .This the seasonal variation
that has impact on our health .This detailment of occurrence of diseases have been jotted in
Ayurveda.The heat in February makes the accumulated kaph dosha to dilute leading to
diseases of respiratory tract .What if someone is known of the fact that dietary regimen to be
followed to prevent the occurrence of diseases according to season.Uttarayan or Adan
kal(northen solistice) and Dakshinayan or Visarg kal(southern sollistice) this vicious pattern
of season has major role play on maintaining positive health..
Ayurveda has given detail description of the diet,condition of digestive
power(agni),accumulation and augmentation of doshas leading to disease.The importance of
panchkarma to be carried as per the season to prevent the occurrence of disease due to
Book Name | 114

dominant doshas .For example vaman(emesis) to be carried in vasant kritu(feb-mar) would
be effective in treating health hazards due to dominance of kaph doshas like bronchial
asthma,COPD,chronic sinusitis,skin diseases of kaph in origin like psoriasis,coronary heart
diseases etc.Virechan in Sharad kritu(sep-oct) would be helpful in patients with GIT diseases
,biliary tract diseases etc.Basti in varsha kritu(june-july) would prevent various
musculoskeleton diseases ,neurological disorders etc.
Practicing Ayurveda as way of life can restraint us from various health hazards .For this
awareness and mass education is needed.Its always important to be alert before it’s too late.
Ayurveda for Secondary prevention
It is defined “as action which halts the progress of disease at its incipient stage and
prevents complications”. Being the scholar of Ayurveda ,the rarest of the concept dealing
with the rarest primordial symptoms of forth coming diseases have been beautifully explained
by our sages.The age old critical and analysis of the sages had documented the prodomal
symptoms(purva roopa),signs(roopa) and complications(upadrava).For instance,in prameha
prodormal symptoms it has been told that there shall be dryness of mouth ,with excess
sweating,sweetened mouth and burning sensation of hands and feet.Once being aware of
these keen observing signs one can predict the possibility of diabetes and hence prevent
disease.What is needed is thorough knowledge of ayurvedic signs and comtemporary
sciences .The aim is to have disease free world so is the integration needed to lessen the
burden by working hand in hand.The depth of ayurveda is hard to achieve but we can just
make a step forward to be the student of such sea of knowledge. Even discussing the non
interventional approach it is said in ayurvedic text that a poor patient should should avoid
exposure to heat by wearing umbrella,should wear shoes follow all dietary ,seasonal regimen.
should walk miles to avoid diabetes.This statement explains the foreseen concept of avoiding
diabetic foot which is hardest to treat along with the role of diet,excercise in diabetes prior to
medicines.So avoid the consequences by becoming aware is the prime focus of ayurveda.This
approach can surely serve boon to health care system.Such approach has also been taken to
various diseases like asthma,heart diseases,neurological diseases and so on.The only need is
to contemplate it in today’s world in the easiest language by educating the public and
analytically proving its relevance.The approach is must and scientific analysis of ayurveda
has already been started . “Victory is much more meaningful when it comes out just from
person from joint achievements of many”.So let’s unite healthily and achieve the goal.
Ayurveda for Tertiary prevention
It is defined as “ all measure available to reduce or limit impairments and
disabilities,minimise suffering caused by existing departures from good health”.Here
comes the role of curative approach of ayurveda .Once the disease has progressed it should
not go to the level of severity is the main objective.Ayurveda has told all the
medicinal,nonmedicinal and shodhan chikitsa(purifaction) that is role of panchkarma in
dealing the severity.For instance in TIA,transient ischaemic attack,there are 99 percent
chance to get future episode which will ultimately lead to stroke.Ayurveda with foreseen
Book Name | 115

effort has already design the approach of this disease in broad concept of vata vyadhi and
briefly as pakshwadh. The burden of stroke patient has increased since last few decades due
to wrong lifestyle still the curative approach of ayurveda can lessen the burden.It advocates
use of virechan (purgation) as main treatment plan.The role of basti(enema) in neurological
deficit patient has been given and proven by various scholars in their research article.The
only need is to first come, first serve.Unless Ayurveda is approached early it shall be in vein
as it has also told that the late approach may decrease the chances of recovery in neurological
diseases. The potency of ayurvedic purification process with drugs need the belief of
population.And for this mass education and love for health is necessary. Same is the approach
to diseases like ascites where Allopathy has failed there ayurveda can give new hope .The
strict dietary regimen written in favour of curing disease and the span of getting cured is also
given in text.That with one full year of diet plan ascites has some chances to get
cured.,Ayurvedic medicines,panchkarma one can hope win over the incurable.
In every stage of prevention Ayurvedic principles of applied holistic approach can be
miraculously healing.No one can beat the fact that the chronic disease has no other road
except Ayurveda.So Win health in Ayurvedic ways.
Rehabilitative Ayurveda:
Rehabilitation is a set of interventions needed when a person is experiencing or is likely to
experience limitations in everyday functioning due to ageing or a health condition ,including
chronic diseases ,injuries,trauma.It is an important component of universal health coverage
along with promotion, prevention, treatment and palliation.
There is increasing need for rehabilitation with changing health and demographic trends of
increasing prevalence of communicable diseases and population ageing.the proportion of
individuals aged over of individuals aged above 60 is predicted double and there has been an
18 percent increase in non communicable diseases in the last 10 years.I have always dreamt
our country to turn the biggest hub of rehabilitation.Treament is never finished at hospital it
dares to be reached to every home where patient is able to survive on his own that is true
rehabilitation. The disability caused in the latent period of stroke is far more disturbing for
the patient as well as the family members.Rehabilitation plays an important role dealing the
disability.Rehabilitation is the process of helping the patient who has suffered an illness or
injury to regain maximum self-sufficiency.
Disability or limitation of activity is any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in
manner or within the range considered as normal.A study done at N ational Institute of
Mental Health and Neurosciences,Bangalore showed that majority of patients with
neurological disorders had disabilities were mobility -80%, activities of daily living-
75%,cognition-57%,communication -50% and bladder control 42%.Objective of neurological
Rehabilitation is restoration of individual to the highest feasible functional level
physically,psychologically ,socially and economically within constraints of impairments and
disabilities Ayurveda is a vast sea of curing neurological illness along with rehabilitating by
its purification process by panchkarma.It is broader term for securing health and getting
Book Name | 116

cured.Innumerable procedures are mentioned in managing neurological deficit patients.
Basti(enema of oil or decoction) (pouring liquid on head),shirodhara,pichhinchi(pouring oil
on body),kati basti ,merudand basti,nasya,shiro basti ,shiro pichu.So it is an urgent hour for
us to unite to create rehabilitation in ayurvedic ways and make it as a centre for ultimate cure.
In fast moving life anxiety ,depression,stress take the cream of life.And once entangled
with mental illness the remedial efforts result minimum.Rehabilitating Ayurvedic way of
mental illness where the diet also relates to the process thought is mentioned is the best
investment of health .As said healthy body resides in healthy mind,hence surviving with calm
brain and minimum hazards to body is essential.There are various brain stimulating agents
like brahmi,jyotishmati,mandukparni etc are studied and proven good in treatment of
unharmony brains of patients.
Satvajaya chikitsa(holistic) mentioned in ayurvedic text give clear hit of remedial measures
given by our sages years before.So this is the field where ayurveda is untouchably excellent
the only lacking is the awaremess of the goodness of drugs in ayurveda.Panchkarma in every
step is the prior treatment for better results.
Child and mother health if not discussed would be unfair by all means as a healthy nation
depends upon the number of healthy youth.An investment in this direction would always give
fruitful results.Ayurveda text has mentioned the care that one has to take care of antenatal
and post natal period for healthy progeny.The monthly regimen if followed would give
miraculous results.Many studies regarding same are carried out on larger scale all over the
world the ambiguity in result is just that taken to prove the theory of child listening every
voice in the womb of mother,But still people working at has holistically proven its
relevance.This is another field that ayurveda’s contribution can never be challenged .All the
sanskar (16 regimen on child) have a scientific relevance.Swarna prash sanskar is
staistitically proven to show good result in terms of immunity.So for better healthy world the
womens’ health should never be compromised.Healthy nation in hands of healthy mother and
healthy child.
Antibiotic resistance “fight plight situation”.
Antibiotics are considered as a “wonder drug” in combating various pathogenic bacteria.
Uncertainty has arisen as microbes have become resistant to common antibiotics. A growing
list of chest infections like pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, asthma become
harder sometimes impossible to treat due alarming growth of resistant species.Unjudicious
use of antibiotics that is undue or overuse of antibiotics in the population develops the
resistant species of microbes. Challenges to deal with the natural genetic tendency of
pathogenic microbes to develop resistance to frequently used antibiotics give a new
horizon in discovering antimicrobial agents from the treasure of ayurvedic herbs. Studies in
this direction have been carried out to find the volatile extract from herbs which can act as
antibiotic.This the field where more challenges are opted to be solved and ayurvedic herbs
are taken interest to fight this challenge.I have gone through properties of “ pippali
17
,khadir18”of proving their antibacterial antifungal as well as anti cancerous
Book Name | 117

activities..Innumerable herbs are studied by pharmacological department,the interventional
studies will analytical prove its relevance.Again a tough challenge has been helped by
Ayurveda.Live ayurveda for healthy life shall only be the slogan practiced in future.
Rasayan newer challenged ayurvedic drugs with tag line“its today or never”
For planning future one has to start today Rasayanas give that vision of using them
early to fight future challenges
Rasayan is a contribution by Ayurveda in todays world where enhancement of immunity is
the main objective and only way to fight against the undue traitors in form of viruses.Recent
epidemic in China and fear to invade other parts by corona virus is one such
example.Rasayan are the drugs which are studied now a days for their immunomodulatory
effects.As such it is defined as the substance which has rejuvenating effect as it deals with
each and every dhatu level(tissue level) improving the quality of rasa and other dhatus
leading to their better functioning.
Planning the future approach our treaties have explained that with every progressing decade
their will be decrease in qualities of human being as example in first decade their shall be
decrease in( balya avastha hras) chilhood,next in growth(vriddhi) so at the age between 20 to
30 their shall be loss of beauty(chhavi), in thirties loss of intellect(medha), in forties loss of
skin beauty(twacha) , in fifties decrease in vision(drishti).In sixties loss of shrukras,in
seventies physical disability, in eighties loss of wisdom(budhhi) and in ninties loss of
locomotory dysfunction(karmendriya )17 . If we plan our future life according to this and if
start the practice of indulging the intake of rasayan drug for every progressive decade the
possibility to get disease shall be minimum and preserving of health shall be maximum.
Similarly the chance to fight undue viruses shall be maximum as if we have immunity we
have everything.Our body has a selfdefence army, the need is to ignite the
fire.Amalaki,triphala,shilajeeta,bhallatak,vardhaman pipaali,haritaki etc are various rasayan
drugs which can rejuvenate and are under study for their immunomodulatory effects.Newly
designed technology makes it easy to prove the miracles of ayurvedic drug and with much of
the intellect the wise shall know the importance of prevention more than cure.
Conclusion
Health has been the prime focus from sages to ages to come. But combating the do and die
situation of viruses and other dreadful ailments attacking the humanity one has to unite to
fight the plight.Victory is much more meaningful when it comes not just from one
person but a joint achievements of many .Here the joint efforts of an individual , state and
central government are also needed.Indulging in promotion of ayurveda through government
programmes will boost the belief of general public .Researches are on their way but
implementation is far more needed by propoganding and making policies in favour of
ayurvedic treatment modalities.Acceptance for global wellbeing is prime need. Yoga the
boon from our country has nicely been accepted and practiced so is the the time for full
acceptance of ayurvedic principles and its treatment modalities.Then ayurveda can stand for
any stubborn condition of health sciences.Making Ayurveda way of healthy life shall be the
Book Name | 118

goals in coming years.I see India a global hub for the best rehabilitation in neurological
deficit condition and various other chronic palliable stubborn diseases like
DM,COPD,Skin ailments,steroid dependent diseases and many such..A hub where
patients from throughout the world comes to get treated for neurodeficit conditions and other
chronic ailments..Where chronic diseases are stubborn to handle Ayurveda is the the only
door to get treated without hampering the immune system.
Cancer survival will increase if we adopt the ayurvedic rasayan medicines adjuvant to chemo
therapy.A cancer patient needs a mental support while going through the tantrums of
treatment but Ayurvedic pattern of counselling session can also make it more easier to deal
them.Many nootrophics drugs can be used as an adjuvant therapy.Lets unite to live ayurveda
in a broader spectrum and as charity begins at home let us as ayurveda promoters start it
from our own home.Lets build a better primary health care system by Ayurvedic Protocol.
Reference
1. Vidyadhar Shukla,Charak Samhita Vol 1,Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratishthan,Varanasi,Reprint 2007,pp-1,sutrasthan1,shlok 1
2. Acharya Brahmanand Tripathi,Ashtang Hridaya,Chaukhamba
vidyabhawan,Varanasi,2009 pp-2,sutrasthan1,shlok1
vidyabhawan,Varanasi,2009 pp-2,sutrasthan1,shlok 2
4. Kaviraj Ambika Datta Shastri,Sushrut Samhita ,Chaukhamba
Publication,Varanasi,Reprint 2008 pp-65,sutrasthan 15,shlok 48.
5. K.Park,Preventive and social medicine,Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers,Pune,25
edition,2019,pp 1-13
Pratishthan,Varanasi,Reprint 2007,pp-523,nidansthan 6,shlok 7
edition,2019
edition,2019
Book Name | 119

13 Acharya Brahmanand Tripathi,Ashtang Hridaya,Chaukhamba
Pratishthan,Varanasi,Reprint 2007,pp-557vimansthan1,shlok 24
16. Vidyadhar Shukla,Charak Samhita Vol2,Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratishthan,Varanasi,Reprint 2007,pp-43 chikitsasthan1/4,shlok 35
17. Dinesh R.et al(.2015 ) “Antibacterial activity of pippali proteins(Piper longum)”Asian
Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology ,vol.3(2),2015,49-54
18. Trivedi M N et al( 2011) “Pharmacocognostic,Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial
activity of two piper species”Pharmacie- Globale,7(5)
19. Divya et.al: “A study evaluating the efficacy of khadir rasayan in subjects with
vicharchika”International ayurvedic medical journal,vol6,issue 5,may 2018 ,pp 993-1001
20. Sharangdhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, Bramhanand Tripathi, Chaukhamba Prakashan,
Varanasi, revised edition, 1994, p. 57, Purvakhanda, panchamoadhaya
Book Name | 120

Chapter - 21
Role of Haridra in Medo Dhatu Dushti Janya Vikar –

Drug Review
Dr.Pallavi Pardeshi*
Dr.Sheetal Chavan**
Abstract :
Ayurveda being the science of life deals with the health and illness of human beings.
Physiology of Ayurveda is based on Dosha [regulatory functional factors of the body],
Saptadhatidhatus [seven major structural components of the body], Mala [waste product],
Agni [digestive/ metabolic factor], Triguna [three primary attributes], Ojas seven dhatu] and
Srotasa [structural or functional channels].
In present era, due to their modern living lifestyle, everyone is in mental and physical stress,
undisciplined to pursue the daily regimen, dietetic rules and regulations, which result in many
lifestyle induced diseases in which Medo dushti janya vikar were seen in maximum
population across the word. Prameha [Diabetes mellitus], Sthaulya [Obesity], Alpa Avatuka
granthi srava-Galaganda, Gandamala[Hypo thyrodism], these are correlated with Ayurvedic
Meda dhatu dushti janya lakshana .There are wide number of herbal drugs mentioned in
Ayurvedic texts in the treatment of Meda dhatu dushti. Among many herbs known for
Medohar property, Haridra (Turmeric – Curcuma longa Linn.) stands the leader. Modern
studies too have proven the efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of DM especially Type 2
DM, Obesity, Hypothyroidism. Its rhizomes exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-
immunodeficiency, antibacterial, antioxidant effects, anti-arthritic, hypoglycemic, and wound
healing activities etc. This article provides a comprehensive summary of medicinal properties
with review of recent literature on the therapeutic applications of Curcuma longa in the
treatmentof Meda dushti janya vikar according to Ayurveda and modern science. Another
relevant experimental and clinical research works are also reviewed in this paper.
Key word - Haridra, Meda dhatu, Sthaulya, Prameha, Galaganda.
Introduction:
The endocrine system is made of 8 major glands that control and regularize all life functions.
From reproduction to growth and how the body processes food,everything is controlled by
hormones produced by glands in the endocrine system. Diseases of the endocrine system are
mainly caused by lifestyle negligence and choices. Genetics is also a major predisposing
factor in endocrine system diseases. Major lifestyle disorders such as Obesity and Diabetes,
along with Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism arecommon disorders of the endocrine
* MD scholar,Bharati VidyapeethDeemed to be University College of Ayurveda, Pune, India

** Department of Roganidan Assistant professor, ASSAyurveda Mahavidyalay,
Nashik.pallavipramod1234@gmail.com.Mob.No.9975812141
Book Name | 121

system and metabolic disorder. Metabolicsyndrome is a clustering of at least three to five
following medical conditions-abdominal obesity, elevated fasting plasma glucose level,
elevated blood pressure, high serum triglycerides, and low high density lipoprotein levels.
Concept Of Medo Dhatu:
1. Panchabhautik composition of Meda Dhatu: The human body is made up of seven body
elements called Dhatu. Meda dhatu is one of them. Meda Dhatu is a body tissue predominant
in Prithvi and Aap mahabhoot similar to kapha dosha. It is characterized by Snigdha, Guru,
Shula, Picchila, Mrudu, Sandra guna.
2.Functions of Meda dhatu-Snehan [oleation], Swedan [production of Sweda], dridhatva
[Compactness], asthipushti [Nourishment of Asthi] are the main function of Meda Dhatu.
Consumption of Guru [heavy to digest],Sheet [cold],Snigdha [unctuous],Madhuradi kapha
vardhak ahara along with lack of exercise and sedentary life style result in excessive
nourishment of Meda dhatu while other dhatus are deprived of nourishment.
Disproportionately increased Medas result into several serious disorders of Medo
dushti.Symptoms of Medo dushti are similar as Kapha dosha dushti lakshana-Shaithya,
Gaurata, Sthaulya, Aalasya, Shwas, Atinidra, Sthairya, Shopha, Agnisaad, Udarparshwa
vruddhi etc.
Medo Dhatu related disorders :
A. Sthaulya [Obesity]:
Obesity is one of the lifestyle related and the most common metabolic disorders. This
disease is a state in which increased adipose and muscle tissue of hip, abdomen, and
breast. In Ayurveda Charak Samhita described this disorder under the title ofSthaulya
[Obesity] orMedoroga [Disease of fat metabolism].Sthaulya is explained in classical texts
asa Santarpan janya vikara .Medo dushti [disorders of fat metabolism] serves as one of
the important etiological factor. Apatarpan Chikitsa is the line of treatment adopted in this
disease which includes Langhana[fasting therapy], Rukshana [drying therapy].and
Swedan [Fomenting therapy].in fact more highlight to use of Ruksha [rough],
Kaphamedohara [ability to reduce the Kapha and Fat] and Lekhana [scraping] dravyas.
B. Prameha [Diabetes mellitus]:
It is the most ancient known diseases of the world. It is group of metabolic disorders in
which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough
insulin or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced In Ayurvedic texts
like Charak and Sushruta Samhita the disease has been very well recognized as Prameha.
Itsclassification detail with theircauses, Pathophysiology, signs, symptomsand treatments.
In Ayurveda, Prameha is considered as chronic and distressing disease, where there is
involvement of Tridoshas (three humors- vata,pitta, kapha), major Dhatu (tissues) such as
Rasa (nutritional fluid plasma), Asruka (blood), Mamsa, (muscle tissue) Meda (adipose
tissue/fat), Majja (bone marrow), Shukra (semen), Ambu (watery portion of body), Vasa
(oily part of flesh), Lasika (lymph) and Oja (essence of all the tissues)
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C. Galaganda/Alpa strav of Avatuka granthi [Hypothyroidism]:
Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone,
which in turns results in a generalized slowing down of metabolic process. In Ayurveda
even though there are no direct references in Ayurvedic classical texts in terms of hypo or
hyper production of the hormone by the thyroid gland [Avatuka granthi]. But on the basis
of clinical symptoms, it can be correlated with Galaganda which is characterized by neck
swelling that can be understood as a disease of thyroid gland. But it is difficult to apply a
single Ayurvedic term for it.Different entities which one explained as symptoms of
different diseases and guidelines us to diagnose control and cure the symptoms of
Hypothyroidism.
TABLE NO.1shows etiological factors and clinical features related to the Medo dushti
janya vikar:
Medoroga Prameha Galaganda

Etiologica • Avyayam • Avyayam • Vata prakopak
l factor • Diwaswapa • Medanna atisevan • Kapha prakopak
(Hetu) • Achinta • Diwaswap • Agnimandya janya
• Medanna atisevan • Beeja Swabhava • Beeja Swabhava
• Avyavaya • Diwaswapa
• Beeja Swabhava • Avyayam
Clinical • Sphik,Udar,Parshv • Ati trushna • Weight gain
features a, • Madhur aasyata • Poor appetite
(Roop) Stanya • Atisweda • Bradicardia
Pradesh vruddhi • Swedadaugandhya • Muscle cramps
• Kshudha ati • Atinidra and stiffness
matra • Puffiness of body
• Ati trushna • Dry and coarse
• Kshudrashwas skin
• Atisweda • Anemia
• Swedadaugandhya • Constipation
• Daurbalya • Hoarseness of
• Alpa maithuna voice
• Ayushya hrasa • Generalized pain
• Mortality due to
complication
Factors Affect Meda Dhatu:

Dosha: Vata, Kapha prakopak, Pitta kshay.
Dhatu: Rasa, Meda.
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Mala: Purish, Sweda, Mutra
Agni: Rasa, Meda Dhatwagni mandya
Srotasa: Rasavaha, Medovaha, Mamsa vaha, Mutra vaha,Annavaha, Aartavavaha
Vyadhiswabhav-Chirakari
Vyadhimarga- Madhyam
SAMPRAPTI : Hetu sevan
Tridoshas dushti
Pitta dushti Kapha dushti Vata dushti
Pachak Pitta dushti due to Kledak kapha dushti due to Saman, Apana vayu dushti
due to
[Guru, Sheet, Drava, Snigdha] [Snigdha, Guru, Sheet Drava] [Sheet, Ruksha]
Agnimandya
Kledotpatti
Rasadi Sapta dhatu srotorodha
Dhatwagnimandya
Apachit Sapta dhatu
Meda vahastrotas vikruti
Meda dhatu shaithilya
Vimargagaman
[Meda, Mansa Srotasa] [Meda, Mutra vaha Srotasa] [Galapradesha]
Medoroga [Obesity]Prameha[Diabetes]Galaganda(Hypothyroidism
Chronic low grade inflammation is one important reason for the development of obesity and
the inflammation is initiated
by excess nutrient from metabolic cell and is characterized by increasing TNFα,
interlukins, cytokinines, etc. Besides this,
genetic, social, behavioural and environmental factors alone or interaction with each other
influences diet, physical activity
Book Name | 124

by affecting complex hypothalamic neuro-circuitry. These increase leptin level,
inflammatory mediators and reactive
oxygen species (ROS), which positively correlate with obesity. Curcuma longa L., commonly
known as Haridra have been
used for treatment of obesity and diabetes since ancient time in Ayurveda, the Indian
traditional system of medicine.
From current research, it has been observed that C. longa inhibit secretion of leptin, pro-
inflammatory mediators and over
production of ROS, whereas it increases secretion of insulin, adiponectin in plasma.
Increased serum adiponectin insulin and
decreased production of ROS negatively correlate with obesity. In addition to these, C. longa
inhibit early growth response
(Egr-1) gene, which is related to development of obesity. It is clear that by affecting
leptin, adiponectin, inflammatory
mediators, ROS, regulating nutritional environment and Egr-1 gene, lipogenic gene and
ob gene, C. longa may be
affirmative for management of obesi
Chronic low grade inflammation is one important reason for the development of obesity and
the inflammation is initiated
by excess nutrient from metabolic cell and is characterized by increasing TNFα,
interlukins, cytokinines, etc. Besides this,
genetic, social, behavioural and environmental factors alone or interaction with each other
influences diet, physical activity
by affecting complex hypothalamic neuro-circuitry. These increase leptin level,
inflammatory mediators and reactive
oxygen species (ROS), which positively correlate with obesity. Curcuma longa L., commonly
known as Haridra have been
used for treatment of obesity and diabetes since ancient time in Ayurveda, the Indian
traditional system of medicine.
From current research, it has been observed that C. longa inhibit secretion of leptin, pro-
inflammatory mediators and over
production of ROS, whereas it increases secretion of insulin, adiponectin in plasma.
Increased serum adiponectin insulin and
decreased production of ROS negatively correlate with obesity. In addition to these, C. longa
inhibit early growth response
Book Name | 125

(Egr-1) gene, which is related to development of obesity. It is clear that by affecting
leptin, adiponectin, inflammatory
mediators, ROS, regulating nutritional environment and Egr-1 gene, lipogenic gene and
ob gene, C. longa may be
affirmative for management of obesi
• Role of Agni: It is the unique concept of Ayurveda related to Pachana [Conversion],
Dhatu paka [Metabolism] i.e. various chemical reactions occurring in the body. It is
responsible for and controls each and every process of conversion. The abnormal
function of body can be altered status of Agni i.e. Agnimandya.
• Role of Aama: Agnimandya is not only cause of poor digestion. It also causes of poor
elimination of undigested food substances. When there is built of undigested food is
called as Aama. WhenAama accumulates over time in body it causes Srotodushti
lakshana such as Srotorodha, Vimarga gaman, Sanga, Atipravritti.
Aim And Objectives:
Aim: Literary study of action of Haridra on the medo dushti janya vikar.
Objectives:
• To evaluate literary study of Medo dhatu dushti janya vikar.
• To evaluate mode of action of Haridra in Medo dhatu dushti vikar.
• To do literary study of Haridra.
MODE OF ACTION OF HARIDRA:
Haridra
RASA VIPAKA VIRYA GUNA DOSHAKARMA
Katu, Tiktarasa Katu vipak Ushna virya Laghu Ruksha guna Tridoshaghna
Srotoshodhan Destroy accumulation of Kapha and Meda Dhatwagni vardhak
Meda dhatu Prakrut Pachan
• Reduction of weight
• Reduced TSH
• Controlled Blood Sugar levels
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A. MODE OF ACTION OF HARIDRA IN PRAMEHA:
1) Kaphahar karma: Due to its Katu-Tikta rasa, Ruksha, Laghu Guna, Ushna veerya and
Katu Vipaka it effectively reduces the dushit Kapha. All gunas of Haridra are antagonistic to
Kapha This Kaphahar karma of Haridra is especially useful in the Medo dushti roga.
2) Vatahara karma:
Vata is the chief controller of all the activities in the body functions and the whole body
physiology is restored.Due to its Ushna Veerya does Vatashaman. And is helpful in
combating Kapha and Pitta. Haridra regularizes and stabilizes the gut and cellular
metabolism. The cells are detoxified, blockages get removed and all the channels are
cleansed. This helps in the nourishment of the Dhatus and aids unobstructed movements of
Vata.
3) Pittahar karma: Haridra due to its Tikta rasa significantly reduces dushit Pitta, and makes
the prakrut karma of Pitta dosha so it reduces the Agnimandya by improving function of
Agni.
4) Karma of Srotoshodhan: Reduces dushit Pitta and Kapha facilitating free movement of
Vata and hence helping in recovery of dhatus having kapha pradhana like Mamsa, Lasika,
Ambu, Majja, Vasa, and Shukra.
ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS:
Turmeric is comprised of a group of three curcuminoids: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane),
demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, as well as volatile oils (tumerone,
atlantone, and zingiberone), sugars, proteins, and resins. The Curcumin is a lipophilic
polyphenol that is nearly insoluble in water but is quite stable in the acidic pH of the stomach
B.PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION OF HARIDRA:
• ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC PROPERTY:
Curcumin has been shown to exhibit anti –atherosclerotic action through protection against
inflammation and oxidation, modulation of cholesterol homeostasis and inhibition of platelet
aggregation.
• ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTION:
Curcumin has been shown to inhibit a number of different molecules involved in
inflammation including phospholipase, lipooxygenase, COX- 2, leukotrienes, thromboxane,
prostaglandins, nitric oxide, collagenase, elastase, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-
12.Curcumin blocks a molecule called NF-kB, which travels into the nuclei of cells and turns
on genes related to inflammation. In doing so, it is believed to help prevent or treat many
inflammatory diseases.
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• ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY:
Curcumin is a potent antioxidant, which can neutralize free radicals that cause oxidative
damage one of the mechanisms behind many diseases. It also enhances the activity of the
body’s own antioxidant enzymes.
• ANTI-DIABETIC:
Curcuma longa is contain curcuminoids, glycosides, terpenoides and flavonoids.It inhibition
of the enzyme Human Pancreatic Amylase [HPA].This inhibitory action on HPA CAUSES
reduction in starch hydrolysis leading to lowered glucose levels.
• ANTIDEPRESSANT:
Curcumin boosts brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels, which are linked to
depression. There is also some evidence that curcumin may boost the brain neurotransmitters
serotonin and dopamine.
• ROLE IN THYROID DISORDER:
Curcumin showed tumor-inhibiting activity in thyroid cancer. Curcumin was protective
against the genetic damage and side effects induced by radioactive iodine, which is
sometimes used to treat Graves’ disease. Chronic inflammation can underline a number of
diseases including an underactive thyroid. Thyroiditis (a type of thyroid disorder) indicates
inflammation of the thyroid gland. Lower levels of iodine can also contribute to inflammation
because iodides enhance the movement of white blood cells called granulocytes in the
inflamed regions and improve the destruction of bacteria. When iodine levels are insufficient,
the thyroid function is impaired and inflammation increases at the same time. One study
found that inflammatory reaction in the thyroid gland is an early event in the pathogenesis of
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, a common form of hypothyroidism where the immune system attack
thyroid cells .
One of the study found that treatment with turmeric extract reduced atrophy of the thyroid
gland, which is important for reduction of thyroid hormone levels. In addition, treatment with
turmeric decreased high cholesterol levels. Curcumin enhances levels of thyroid hormones T3
and T4 at a young age. Cytokines produced in your body are Th1 and Th2.A vast majority of
patients with Hashimoto’s have Th1 dominance and Th2 suppression of the immune system.
A growing body of evidence confirms that Curcumin inhibits Th1 cytokine profile in CD4+ T
cells (play an important role in modulating immune system responses) by suppressing
production of IL-12 (key immunoregulatory cytokine) in macrophages, a type of white blood
cells.
Cognitive functioning: Patients with hypothyroidism can experience problems with memory,
learning, and cognitive functioning. Turmeric belongs to a group of natural ingredients that
are strongly related to improve cognitive functioning. Curcumin has a strong potential to
improve the health and functioning of the thyroid through multiple mechanisms.
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Discussion:
Meda Dhatu is a Kapha pradhan. All Kaphahar drugs are mostly Medahara drugs. Haridra
acts on this hazardous combination of Meda and Kapha and hence wards off Meda dushti
janya vikar. Haridra also destroys the cholesterol, excess fat and helps in shedding weight. It
helps in regression of pathology in Prameha, Obesity, and Hypothyroid. Curcumin is an
active constituent of Curcuma longa exhibited various pharmacological activities antioxidant,
anti-spasmodic, anti-arthritic, hypoglycemic, anti-bacterial, cardio protective, wound healing,
hypolipidemiaetc, which are helpful to manage Meda dushti janya vikar. Ancient Acharyas
have already mentioned the use of Haridra (Curcuma longa) in management of Prameha,
Obesity and Galaganda thousands year back. Various researches have proved its antidiabetic
activity, Weight loss action in experimental models as well as in clinical studies. Very few
researches have proved its hypothyroid action. From current research, it has been observed
that C. longa inhibit secretion of leptin, pro-inflammatory mediators and over production of
ROS, whereas it increases secretion of insulin, adiponectin in plasma. Increased serum
adiponectin, insulin and decreased production of ROS negatively correlate with obesity. In
addition to these, C. longa inhibit early growth response (Egr-1) gene, which is related to
development of obesity. It is clear that by affecting leptin, adiponectin, inflammatory
mediators, ROS[reactive oxygen species], Curcuma longa may be affirmative for
management of obesity.
Conclusion:
It can be concluded that Curcuma longa has a lot of potentials as a medicinal usage in Meda
dushti janya vikar. Various researches have proved its anti-diabetic activity and anti-obesity
in experimental models as well as in clinical studies which confirms its strong scientific
evidence. As less is attributed to its hypothyroid action in human study, there is still a large
scope to explore its immense potential in the management of hypothyroid action which is
need of the hour.
References:
1. Wickenberg J1, Ingemansson SL, Hlebowicz J. Effects of Curcuma longa (turmeric) on
postprandial plasma glucose and insulin in healthy subjects.
2. Yang YS1, Su YF, Yang HW, Lee YH, Chou JI, Ueng KC. Lipid-lowering effects of
curcumin in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled trial.
3. Zeinab Ghorbani, 1 Azita Hekmatdoost, 2 and Parvin Mirmiran2, Anti-Hyperglycemic
and Insulin Sensitizer Effects of Turmeric and Its Principle Constituent Curcumin
4. The antihyperglycemic effect of curcumin in high fat diet fed rats. Role of TNF-α and
free fatty acids.
5. Jurenka JS1.Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma
longa: a review of preclinical and clinical research.
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6. 1. Megha g. Pandya*, 2neky mehta, 3rita khagram, Therapeutic importance of Haridra
(curcuma longa Linn.) In the management of madhumeha w.s.r to diabetes mellitus-type
2 (niddm)
7. P.V.Sharma, Dravyaguna Vigyana, Vol.2nd, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi,
17th Edition 1995
8. Dr.K.C.Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu of Bhavamishra, Chaukhambha Bharati
Academy, Varanasi, reprint 2006.
9. Dr.A.P.Deshpande, Dravyaguna Vigyana Vol.2, Anmol Prakashan, Pune1st Edition 2006
10. Sharma PV, Charak Samhita of Acharya Charaka, Chaukhambha Orientalis Publications,
1998.
11. Herbal approach to management of thyroid disease - a review.
Vandana Bharthi1, Kavya N2, M. N.Shubhashree3, Sulochana Bhat4
12. Anti-obesity mechanism of Curcuma longa L. -An over view
13. Herbal Therapeutic Treatments for Hypothyroidism By Christa Sinadinos, Clinical
Herbalist
14. Sanaa M. Abd El-Twab, Manal Abdul-Hamid,Curcumin mitigates lithium-induced
thyroid dysfunction by modulating antioxidant status, apoptosis and inflammatory
cytokines
Book Name | 130

Chapter - 22
Role of Life Style in Different Phases of

Women’s Life as per Ayurveda
Dr. Nisha Garg*
Dr. Srikant Kumar Panda**
Abstract
This paper emphasises the need for a woman to look after her health consciously so as to
reduce, to get rid of or to prevent herself from the health hazards(like menstrual irregularities
kashtartava, parturition, infertility etc.) which she has to face now or later in her life. The
vulnerabilities during each different phase of her life and need for a safe and effective way to
maintain health is required for 21st century female. The health of women is of particular
concern because they have to experience unique health care challenges due to hormonal
interplay in different time period in their different epoch’s of life. Ayurveda describes the
safe, effective, and economical methods in the form of paricharyas: rajaswala Paricharya,
Ritumati Paricharya, Garbhini Paricharya and Sutika Paricharya in the texts. Keen study and
following of these paricharyas is essential for a woman to easily pass off from her difficult
epochs of life. Life style disorders like pcod which if not treated can ultimately lead to
infertility can be prevented just by only following the paricharyas mentioned in our ayurvedic
texts. For increasing belief in ayurveda it is essential to propagate the verses in our ayurveda
science through current evidences.
Introduction
“God couldn’t be everywhere so he created mothers”, an extremely beautiful quote by
Kipling signifying the women’s role in this world. Motherhood, a very important and special
phase of a women’s life.
In keeping with WHO, in 2017 everyday about 808 women died because of complications of
pregnancy and child birth. Globally total 2, 95,000 women died of maternal causes in 2017 [1]
which is a very huge number. So it’s a desire or should be of high concern for all to be very
careful and conscious about health of a woman from very beginning of her life. .According to
United Nation estimates, the planet had 986 females against 1000 males in 2000.[2]
Women are more medically complex entity than men because the previous have, additionally
to the reproductive complexity needed to bear and nurse a child, a further interplay of
tridoshas every month throughout the reproductively fertile phase of their lives. Each month,
with the ending of menstrual bleeding, women may experience a temporary feeling of
* P.G. Scholar, Department Of Kriya Sharir, Ayurveda And Unani Tibbia College, New Delhi
** Associate Professor, Department Of Kriya Sharir, Ayurveda And Unani Tibbia College,
New Delhi
Book Name | 131

depletion, because of the elimination of pitta(through the warmth and rakta) and
kapha(through the serum or rasa, a part of the blood). This brief period of depletion is
however, followed quickly by a phase of kapha vriddhi as the endometrium is built up again.
The influence of kapha persists until some days before ovulation occurs, when vata becomes
active in order to propel the egg through the fallopian tubes into the uterus. If fertilization
does not occur, the dominance of vata at ovulation gradually gives way to pitta in the
premenstrual days and during menstruation. Since doshas are bio energies, which manifest
both emotionally and physiologically, the effects of their rapid cycling, approximately every
28 days, forms the basis for many of the health issues which women encounter during the 35
to 40 years of their reproductive lives.[3]..
Ayurveda the ancient system of medicine, helps in the journey towards betterment of life.
Ayurveda not only defines all epoch’s of woman’s life like Bala, Kumari, Rajaswala,
Ritumati, Garbhini(phase of pregnancy), Prasava(parturition phase), Sutika(puerperal period)
etc, but also the health status in regards of Dosha and Dhatu variation and preventive steps in
the form of different regimens, diet and life style modifications to achieve health during all
these epoch’s where drastic changes occurs which makes her susceptible for major illnesses
eg. extrem pain during menses. These diet and lifestyle modifications are known as
Paricharya. The diet regimen of nine month is unique concept in Ayurveda.
Ayurveda explained simple techniques to maintain healthy life during changes in women’s
body throughout her life.
Materials and methods:
1. Literature review of Ayurveda texts for different paricharyas given according to
different stages of women’s life.
Rajaswala paricharya
Ayurveda acharyas after recognizing the changes in female’s body during menstruation
(Rajaswala), described certain do’s and don’ts to maintain her balance of doshas and help in
proper menstrual function in the form of Rajaswala paricharya.
Acharya sushruta has mentioned about the things that should not to be done from the very
first day of onset of menstrual cycle: Sleep in day time, Coitus, application of
collyrium(anjana), Shedding of tears or weeping, bath, massaging of body, cutting of nails
and hairs, running, laughing, talking loudly, hearing loud sound, exposure to wind and
physical exercise. He has also mentioned about the ill effects that could occur if followed.
The use of collyrium would cause loss of vision. Eyes may develop abnormality due to
weeping. Bathing or massaging would cause unhappiness. Deformity of hairs due to cutting
of hairs, kushtha may occur due to application of oil. Running may produce fickle child.
Loud hearing of sound may lead to deafness in child. Hair combing may produce baldness.
Insanity may develop due to draughts and physical exertion. Therefore every women should
not indulge in any of the above mentioned habits.[4] .
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The 21st century woman finds these limitations as burden and a path of obstruction towards
her empowerment but the science behind following these certain rules are not clarified. One
should understand the science behind this and not blindly follow all these restrictions.
Non observance of certain rules and restrictions can cause problems related to reproductive
health. The tremendous increase in the infertility and PCOD are the results of diet and
lifestyle changes which are harmful for reproductive function.
Ritumati Paricharya
Acharya sushruta has well explained about ritumati. The woman whose face is full and
reflecting pleasure; whose body, mouth and teeth are moist; who desires a man; who gets
pleasure in love stories, who has loose belly, eyes and hair; who feels movements in arms,
stana(breast), sroni(pelvis), nabhi(umblicus), uru(thighs), jaghana(legs) and sphik(gluteal
region) and one who is feeling pleasure and is excited is known as ritumati.[5].
Ritumati paricharya emphasis on preparation of a female physically and mentally for
conception. Ayurveda emphasized on attaining a healthy progeny and for this all the way
beginning from the selection of a compatible partner to the act of attaining conception is
explained in detail. Ritukala is the best period of conception which is after the cessation of
menstruation till next 12 days.
Acharya charaka mentioned that, for three days, right from the day of onset of menstruation,
the woman should observe celibacy, sleep on the ground, and take food from an unbroken
vessel kept in her hands. On the fourth day she should take head bath and wear white apparel.
Her husband should also follow the same regimen. Both of them should enter into
cohabitation. If a male child is required, they should meet on the even days and if a female
child is desired, they should meet on the odd days.[6]
The glands present in the cervix secrete alkaline mucus with pH of 7.8 which is nutritive for
spermatozoa. Throughout the menstrual cycle, characteristics of cervical secretions changes.
In proliferative phase of menstrual cycle (1st to 13th day) under the influence of estrogen, the
cervical mucus is rich in water and electrolyte, which cause it to become thin and clear
helping in sperm penetration.
After ovulation, under the influence of progesterone, the cervical mucus becomes thick and
scanty which prevent further sperm penetration. Hence before ovulation is the infallible time
for conception mentioned as Ritukala in Ayurveda.
Sutika parcharya(puerperal period)
Sutika Paricharya is the regimen after delivery, more accurately said, the measures for the
maintenance of positive health of the mother who has recently delivered.
To regain the lost strength in child birth, Ayurveda focuses on both the mother and the new
born up to forty five days so as to bring back the pre pregnancy health to the mother and
make the child strong and healthy. It is realized that after childbirth, the digestive power of
the woman is weak at the same time her nutritional needs increase to meet the dual purpose
Book Name | 133

of regaining her strength and to breast feed the child. Therefore a light, carminative,
nutritious and liquid diet is suggested.[7]
Having delivered a child a lady should be massaged with bala oil and is given decoctions
having vata eliminating drugs. [8]. Acharya charaka told that ghee, vasa and majja, which ever
is found suitable should be given along with the powder of pippali. .[9] It shows that vata is
increased in the women after delivery. If still certain amount of dosh persist, she can be given
powder of pippali, pippalimula, chavya, chitraka and shunthi along with hot water on the day
of delivery.
Her abdomen should be anointed with ghee and oil, and wrapped round tightly with a long
and clean cloth. By doing so, vayu does not cause any morbidity in her abdomen because of
the absence of any empty space theirin. .[9]
This treatment is followed for next two or three days till the final drainage of the blood from
uterus. After the purification of blood, drugs belonging to the vidarigandhadi gana for another
three days should be given. Then the vitality and appetite is evaluated. Now the barley water
with bere and kulthi is used for treating with the extract of flash of jangal animals and birds.
Along with this shali rice should also given. This care and diet regimen should be continued
for one and half month.[10].
The diet mentioned by sushruta has been gradually introduced keeping in mind about
balancing her status of Agni i.e. metabolism. The formulations given are again rich in
carbohydrates and been digestible by adding certain herbs like sunthi, pippali etc.
Using decoctions of Vata hara herbs like Dashmoola and milk prepared with Vidarigandhadhi
group which are galactagogue helps in relieving pain and promoting lactation.
Acharya charaka explained This Paricharya has been planned to replenish all the Dhatus, to
provide proper nourishment, to prevent mother from sepsis or other diseases and to promote
proper lactation.
Garbhini paricharya
Pregnancy, the most crucial, critical period and a turning point for every woman’s life
requires proper systematic examination, dietary and other advices which are illustrated in
Ayurveda as a comprehensive, holistic regimen to ensure that the health of mother and child
is maintained; this systematic supervision is called as Garbhini Paricharya (Anti Natal Care).
This Garbhini Paricharya can be considered into three parts:
1. Masanumasika Paricharya (Monthly Dietary Regimen)
The requirement of nutrition varies according to developmental stage of foetus month by
month(Masanumasika vrudhi). The regimen corresponds to the growth and development of
the foetus and consists of measures related to aahar (diet), vihar (activity) and vichar
(thoughts and emotions). Measures to be adopted month by month for the foetus to grow
without any morbidity, in Ayurvedic samhitas, the month wise dietetic regimen is given in
details known as masanumasika paricharya (monthly regimen) for woman right from the first
Book Name | 134

month up to the ninth month of pregnancy. One of the critical measures is the use of yoni
pichu-vaginal tampon to be used after the eight month. This is a swab soaked in medicated
oil, placed in the vaginal canal, on a daily basis to ensure a smooth passage during delivery.
Emphasis is laid on a happy emotional-mental state of the woman indicating the active role of
families during pregnancy.
Table 1.Month wise regimen as per ayurveda’s different Samhitas
Month Charak Samhita[11] Sushruta Samhita Harita Samhita[13]
1st Non medicated milk Madhur, Sheet and Liquid Madhuyashti,
Diet[12] madhukapuspa with
butte, honey and
sweetened milk
2nd Milk prepared with drugs Madhur, Sheet and Liquid Sweetened milk
having madhura rasa Diet[12] prepared with kakoli
(sweet taste)
3rd Milk mixed with honey Madhur, Sheet and Liquid Krisara
and ghrut Diet and Cooked shashti
rice with milk[12]
4th Milk along with butter in Cooked shashti rice with Medicated cooked
one karsha(12gm) dose curd[12], pleasant food rice
mixed with milk & butter
and Jangal mansa[14]
5th Ghruta Cooked shastika rice with Payasa
milk[12], jangal mansa
along with food mixed with
milk and ghrita[14]
6th Shashtika rice cooked with Sweetened curd
ghrut[12] and Ghrita or rice
Ghrut, siddha with
madhuraushadhi gruel medicated with
gokshura[14]
7th Ghrita medicated with Ghritakhanda
prithakaparnyadi group of
drugs[14]
8th KshiraYawagu mixed with Asthapanabasti with Ghritapuraka
ghruta decoction of badari mixed
with bala,atibala,
shatapuspa,palala
etc.,honey and ghrita.
Asthapan is followed by
Book Name | 135

Anuvasana basti of oil
medicated with milk and
madhura rasa drugs. [15]
9th Anuvasanabasti with oil Enter into sutikagaara[16] Different varieties of

prepared with drugs of cereals
madhura drugs and tampon
of this oil to be kept in
yoni[vagina]
2. Garbhopaghatakara bhavas (Activities and substances that are injurious to foetus and
contraindicated during pregnancy)
Garbhini should avoid teekshna, rooksha, ushna dravya’s use. Should give up rancid articles
and should not eat scorched, stale, putrefied food substances [17], vistambhi[18] (difficult to
digest), vidahi food as these may be very dangerous for the foetus. She should avoid
strenuous exercises, coitus, harsh or violent activities, riding vehicles, excess satiation, excess
fasting, sleeping in day and awakening during night, sitting in uneven places and should
avoid grief, anger, visiting lonely places, cremation ground[19], prolonged stay near fire or
hot sun etc. Her sleeping and sitting place should be covered with soft linen [20]. All these
psychological and physical strains like carrying heavy weight or riding vehicle may cause
abortion due to increase in intra-abdominal pressure suddenly.
3. Garbhasthapaka dravyas (Substances beneficial for sustainment of pregnancy)
Garbhasthapaka dravyas counterbalance the effect of the garbhopaghatakara bhavas and also
help in the proper sustainment garbha and prevention of abortion. These are to be used as a
routine as they're beneficial for the upkeep of proper health, growth and development of the
mother and foetus.
Aindri (Bacopa monnieri), brahmi(Centella asiatica), Shatavri(Asparagus racemosus), durva
(Cynodon dactylon), Amogha (Stereospermum suaveolens), Giloy(Tinospora cardifolia),
haritki (Terminalia chebula), neem (Picrorhiza kurroa), balaa (Sida cardifolia),
Vishwasenkanta (Callicarpa macrophylla) etc are some of the garbhasthapakaaushadhis.
These should be taken orally as preparations in milk and ghee. A bath with cold decoction of
these drugs should be given during pushya nakshatra. These should be kept in close contact
with the mother and can be used as amulets around the right arm and on the head. Drugs of
the jeevaneeya gana also can be utilized in an identical way.
Reproductive health and Ayurveda
The interest for carrying on with a solid way of life have immensely expanded in light of the
fact that because of defective dietary habits and sedentary life style there is an ascend in
gynaecological disorders like barrenness, menstrual abnormalities, urinary tract diseases,
cervical disintegrations and so forth. Ayurveda depicts every single gynaecological issue
Book Name | 136

under a solitary heading, "Yonivyapada". Undesirable eating regimen, defective way of life,
inherited, past life deeds, utilization of sexual substances are significant variables liable for
influencing regenerative wellbeing.
It is a well known fact now that the diet, life style modifications with scientific approach in
treatment considering Dosha, Dhatu and Agni has given encouraging results in treating
disorders related to reproductive health. Hysterectomy can be saved in patients with fibroids,
adenomyosis and cervical erosion by treatment through Ayurveda. Simple herbal medicines
with diet and life style modifications can help in treating these benign conditions. Multiple
abortions causing prolapsed uterus, yoni bhransa in terms of ayurveda is now becoming very
common. For this, in modern medicine hysterectomy is very ordinary. Through ayurveda,
after practising certain yogasanas, some ayurvedic medications, by keeping yoni pichu and by
switching over to a healthy life style there will not be need of operation.
It will not be an exaggeration to say that many patients with failure by test tube baby (IVF)
have gained fertility by Ayurveda treatment.
Discussion
From the review of the Ayurveda literature, it seems that Ayurveda has described very well
the dos and don’ts to take care of the health of women throughout the lifespan. All the
paricharyas which are explained very well in our ayurvedic texts are very important to be
followed by every female to live a healthy life. .
A female can easily pass of from her different phases that can lead to life style disorders,
uneventfully and healthily by just following simple life style modifications. Paricharyas are
specifically designed looking into the status of Dhatus and Doshas during different phases.
Observance of such disciplined lifestyle helps woman within the journey towards betterment
of health and ultimately her day to day life. Major hormonal changes occur in woman’s body
during Rajaswala, Ritumati, Garbhini and Sutika Avasthas. Even every day of 28 days of a
woman’s menstrual cycle aren’t same in terms of hormones. Neglecting the restrictions and
lifestyle can derange the hormonal functions and hence can lead to pathologies of
reproductive system. Woman needs to sustain her own health with proper growth and
development of fetus in Garbhini Avastha which is the most important phase of her life. The
Samskaras – Garbhadhana and Garbha Samskara ensures a healthy progeny and the Garbhini
Paricharya helps in proper growth and development of fetus whilst maintaining her health
and preparing for normal labour. Another phase of woman’s life is Sutika, where Vata dosha
aggravates along with Dhatu kshaya. Sutika Paricharya brings her to normalcy and promotes
lactation. In ayurvrda , though Menopause is not included as a disease yet the description of
Rajonivritti is there in the texts which denotes dhatu kshaya and Vata vriddhi. Elaborate
descriptions of Yonivyapada with their management maintain the reproductive health of
female and also manage postmenopausal conditions like genital prolapse.
So, definitely Role of life style in different phases of women’s life is well elaborated in
ayurveda, which is very essential to be followed.
Book Name | 137

Conclusion
Ayurveda, in the journey towards the betterment of health, offers many significant guidelines
regarding healthy food and lifestyle during different crucial stages of her life. By following
these simple guidelines, women can avoid illness and maintain her health status. Awareness
and education of women, beginning from adolescent period is also very important apart from
these guidelines. Removing the myths and stating the facts, helping in improvement of her
over all physical and psychological health will be a great benefit for her in the future. For
avoiding consequences of faulty diets and lifestyle it is the need of present era to understand
and adapt ayurveda in day to day life. All women should follow the regimen and directions
descried in Ayurveda for her wellness throughout the life. This will ensure a future with
health to all girls and women irrespective of their social status.
References
1. [http://www.who.int/gho/maternal_health/en/]
2. https://censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/gender_composition.aspx]
3. Ayurvedic approaches to women’s health by Sarasvati Buhrman, Ph.D. , The Protocol
Journal of Botanical Medicine, Spring 1996
4. Sushruta Samhita Vol.3 Sarirasthanam; prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte , chapter 2 verse no.
26 page 27 Chaukhamba publishers, Varanasi ed. 2005
5. Sushruta Samhita Vol.3 Sarirasthanam; prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte , chapter 3 verse no.
6 page 47 Chaukhamba publishers, Varanasi ed. 2005
6. Charaka samhita By R.K.Sharma and Bhagwan dash vol.2; chowkhamba Sanskrit series
office, Varanasi ;ch8/5; edition 3rd 1994 ;page465
7. Role of Ayurveda in Promoting Maternal and Child Health by Vd. Smita Bajpai
CHETNA, Ahmedabad
8. Sushruta Samhita Vol.3 Sarirasthanam; prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte , chapter 10 verse
no. 18 page 190 Chaukhamba publishers, Varanasi ed. 2005
9. Charaka samhita By R.K.Sharma and Bhagwan dash vol.2; chowkhamba Sanskrit series
office, Varanasi ; ch8/48;edition 3rd 1994 ;page503
10. Sushruta Samhita Vol.3 Sarirasthanam; prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte , chapter 10 verse
no. 18 page 190 Chaukhamba publishers, Varanasi ed. 2005
11. 5. Yadavji Trikamji, editor, Commentary: Vidyotini Hindi Commentary of Acharya
Kasinath Shastri and Gorakhnath Chaturvedi on Charaka Samhita of Charaka, Sharira
Sthana, chapter 8, verse no. 32, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Bharati Academy; reprint year
2014; p.937
12. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta edited with Ayurveda Tatva Sandipika Hindi
Commentary by Acharya Ambika Datta Shastri, Sharira Sthana, chapter 10, verse no.3,
edition,reprint 2017, Varanasi: Chowkhambha Sanskrit Sansthan;; p.98
Book Name | 138

13. Harita, Commentary, Nirmala Hindi Commentary of Acharya Ramavalamba Shastri on
Harita Samhita, Tritiya Sthana chapter 49, verse no.2, 1st edition, Varanasi: Prachya
Prakashana; 1985; p.86
17. Aruna Datta, Astanga Hridayam With Sarvanga Sundaram Commentary. Chaukambha
Orientalia, Varanasi,7th/1982, SareeraSthana 1/45.
18. Pt. Kashinatha Shastri, Charaka Samhitha, Chakrapani Datta Virachitha Ayurveda
DeepikaVyakya, Chaukambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 1970,SareeraSthana 4/18.
19. Kaviraj Dr Ambika DattaSastry, Susruta Samhita, Hindi VyakyaVaignanikaVimarsha-
Tippani Sahitha, Chaukambha Samskritha Samsthan, Varanasi 1970,SareeraSthana 10/3.
20. Kaviraj Dr Ambika Datta Sastry, Susruta Samhita, Hindi Vyakya-Vaignanika Vimarsha-
Tippani Sahitha, Chaukambha Samskritha Samsthan, Varanasi 1970,SareeraSthana 10/4.
Book Name | 139

Chapter - 23
Traditional Remedies for Common Ailments in Rural South

India. A Scoping Study
Mohankumar B. Thambad*
Manohar Prasad P**
Ananthakumar SR***
Vidyashree M****
Seetharam MR*****
Dr. (Flt Lt) M.A.Balsubramanya ******
Prakash BN *******
Collaborating partners
1. Swami Vivekananda Youth Movement (SVYM), Saragur, Mysuru district
2. Trans Disciplinary University (TDU), Bengaluru
3. Karnataka State Remote Sensing Applications Centre (KSRSAC)
4. Department of AYUSH, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Ethics approval
Before conducting the survey, we took ethics approval from Trans Disciplinary University
and Swami Vivekananda Youth Movement for the study. We obtained prior informed
consent from the respondents before collecting baseline data. The information received from
traditional healers were kept confidential.
Introduction
It has been estimated that over 70-80% of the population in India still depend on traditional
medicinepractitioners for primary health care(1). Traditional Medicine (TM) is defined as
* Ayurvedic Physician and Operational Manager, VMH

drmohan@svym.org.in, Phone Number- +91 7760222262
** Senior Manager,Department of Academics, Training and Research, VMH
drmanoharprasad@svym.org.inPhone Number- +919902767775
*** Head of the Department of Academics, Training and Research, VMH
anathkumarsr@svym.org.inPhone Number: +91 9019126371
**** Statistician, VMH and Research Scholar, University of Mysore, Mysuru
vidyashreem@svym.org.in, Phone Number: +91-7848815203
***** Orthopedic Surgeon, VMH and President, SVYM
eemmress@svym.org.inPhone Number- +91 9686666305
****** Anesthesiologist VMH Saragur, E-mail : mab@svym.org.in Mob. : +91 9686666300
Vivekananda Memorial Hospital (VMH),Swami Vivekananda Youth Movement (SVYM),
Saragur, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
******* Assistant Professor, Centre for Local Health Traditions and Policy, TDU
bn.prakash@tdu.edu.inPhone Number- +91 9448088122
The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India
Book Name | 140

“the sum total of the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and
experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the
maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of
physical and mental illness”(2). TM consists of codified and non-codified streams of
knowledge. In India, the codified stream comprises the official AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga,
Unani, Siddha, Swa-Rigpa and Homeopathy) systems while the non-codified stream (also
referred as local health traditions or folk knowledge) comprises the collective knowledge,
practices and beliefs of communities in relation to health that are eco-system, culture and
region specific and has been sustained through oral transmission across generations.
In India, rural communities traditionally manage primary healthcare conditions first at the
household level and what could not be solved in the home is taken to the community-based
healer. If at both these levels a solution is not found, institutional help is sought from
primary, secondary or tertiary healthcare services. The first two tiers of the health system, the
household and the community are slowly disappearing due to poor promotion and
overpowering influence of other healthcare options. Apart from this, there is poor knowledge
transfer of traditional practices and disappearance of resources (medicinal plants) in the local
ecosystem.
Promotion of traditional remedies is vital to achieve universal health coverage considering
poor access of remote rural populations to institutional healthcare facilities. The practice of
traditional remedies empowers people to be self-reliant to protect their health and minimizes
out-of-pocket health expenditure. The proposed study is aimed at understanding the current
status of traditional knowledge, identify common ailments and the remedies being practiced
for them, validate the content with reference to Ayurvedic classic evaluate the effectiveness
of community-based promotion intervention in enhancing the use of traditional remedies. The
results of the study will contribute to the evidence base towards building replicable models
for promoting traditional medicine in the context of achieving universal health coverage.
Objectives
1. To identify the commonly encountered health problems in the study area
2. To explore the existing knowledge and practices related to the use of traditional home-
based health practices in the prevention and management of common health problems
3. To validate the content of the traditional remedies by comparing with Ayurvedic classic
texts
4. To test the effectiveness of a community-based education strategy in enhancing the
awareness and practice of traditional medicine in the study population
Methods
The study was undertaken in 30 villages in 5 hoblis of Heggadadevankotetaluk in Mysuru
district, Karnataka, India.
Book Name | 141

A random sample of 30 villages including
tribal hamlets was selected for the baseline
survey to survey 650 households. The
households proportionate to the population
size in each village and tribal hamlet was
taken. In each village, the required sample
of households was surveyed based on
systematic random sampling method.
Baseline survey
We took a sample size of 650 householdsbased on the assumption that 25% of households
would be using locally available medicinal plants as home remedies, to estimate the number
of households in HD Kote taluk with 5% type 1 error, 80% power and relative precision of
20%. Households in proximity to forest hamlets and the area where health care facilities were
minimum were prioritized.
Survey design: Mixed methods approach covering quantitative and qualitative research
design
Technology used- open data kit (ODK) app for collecting the data for baseline and end line.
Validation
The contents of the mentioned remedies were compared with the classic Ayurveda texts for
congruence. We looked for agreement in
• action of the content appropriate for the particular disease
• action of the content appropriate for the particular Dosha
The IEC material developed in local language for training, contains all the relevant
information of the health condition and remedies in detail.
Name of the health condition
Identification signs
Other common symptoms
Home remedies
Ingredients with quantity
Preparation method
Dose according the age (blow 5 years of age, 5 to 12 years and above 12 years)
Danger signs of the condition (watch for listed signs)
When to consult doctor (if the symptoms not reduced up to 2-3 days and if there
are above said danger signs at any time)
Book Name | 142

What are the patya and apathya (follow the diet advised)
Contact details for further more information (if need additional information)
Examples-
Cough Headache
Juice made of the extract from Paste made of Terminalia chebula
Tulasi(Ocimumtenuiflorum) leaves fruit for headache
Ingredients- 40 fresh leaves of Ingredients- 10 Terminalia
Tulasi and fresh cloth for filtering chebulafruits
Preparation- take 40 fresh leaves of Preparation - Remove the seeds
Tulasi. Wash thoroughly with clean from the fruit and make a thick paste
water. Extract the juice from the from this and apply the paste over
leaves. the forehead, wait for at least 2
Dose- Below 5 years of age 1 tea hours. Wipe the paste with the help
spoon, 5 years to 12 year 2 tea of warm wet clothe.
spoon, above 12 years of age 3 tea Dose-3 times per day
spoon, this has to administer before
food
Image of the IEC (in local language)
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Community-based education strategy
Development of ToT modules
STEP-1: Training of trainers (ToT) modules having information on local health care practices
which are assessed through rapid assessment method based on Ayurvedic literature evidence,
for thirty primary healthcare conditions developed by TDU & SVYM using a specific
template. Each module comprised -one primary health condition, its diagnosis, assessed
traditional remedies with botanical resources which are locally available. These modules
were used to orient field workers of the implementing agency who would then train the
community members of SVYM.
Set-1 Set-2 Set-3 Total

10 10 10 30
Conditions Conditions Conditions Conditions
40 23 30 93
Remedies Remedies Remedies Remedies
20 Videos 10 Videos 12 Videos 42 Videos
40 Audios 23 Audios 30 Audios 93 Audios
In addition to the staff of the Organization, grassroot functionaries of the Department of

Health, Department of Education, Department of Social Welfarewere also trained as Trainers,
after obtainingpermission from relevant Govt departments. Trainings were conducted at the
SVYM headquarters located at Vivekananda Memorial Hospital in Sargur, Community radio
broadcasting channel (Janadhwani, FM 90.8) was used to raise awareness in the taluka on
health.
Results
Results of the baseline survey:
We did the baseline survey in all the selected 650 households and captured socio-economic
data. We mapped top 30 common health conditions which were managed at the household
level.
Knowledge and practice
Among the 650 surveyed households, majority belonged to scheduled-tribe (35%) and other-
backward-caste (26%) categories. 30 common health problems were identified, and 93
traditional remedies in use were documented for these conditions. The respondents mentioned
a total of 93 remedies for these 30 health conditions (Table 1)
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While nearly 80% households were practicing traditional diets, traditional remedies were
known to 29% households.Out of those who knew, 28% were actually using them.
Sl. No. Health condition No. of Remedies
1 Acidity 4
2 Anemia 2
3 Asthma 2
4 Backache 3
5 Burns 4
6 Cold 4
7 Conjunctivitis 4
8 Constipation 4
9 Cough 4
10 Diabetes 2
11 Diarrhea 3
12 Dysmenorrhea 3
13 Fever 4
14 Headache 4
15 Indigestion 3
16 Intestinal worms 3
17 Jaundice 3
18 Joint pain 4
19 Lactation insufficiency 1
20 White discharge 4
21 Malnutrition 1
22 Memory enhancement 2
23 Menstrual irregularities 3
24 Mouth ulcers 4
25 Myalgia 1
26 Piles 2
27 Reduced immunity in children 3
28 Skin disease 4
29 Toothache 4
30 Wound 4
Total 93
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Validation
14 have 4 remedies 50/56 remedies

each (56) validated
8 have 3 remedies All 24 remedies

each (24) validated
30 Common
health conditions
5 have 2 remedies All 10 remedies
each (10) validated
3 have 1 remedy 2/3 remedies

each (3) validated
All the common health conditions mentioned had home remedies. 27 out of 30 conditions
have more than one remedy.
Out of 93 remedies mentioned by respondents, 93.6% (n=86) had a valid reference in
Ayurvedic classics. 78.5% (n=72)had direct disease correlation and 15.1% (n=14)had
indirect dosha correlation.
Findings of the community-based promotion intervention
After the intervention, knowledge about traditional remedies for treatment increased from
29% to 57% and for prevention, it increased from 15% to 53%. Among the households who
knew, the practice of traditional remedies for treatment increased from 28% to 48% and for
prevention, it increased from 16% to 43%.
Baseline End Line

(N=650) (N=602)
Knowledge
Know home remedies for treatment 29% 57%
Know home remedies for prevention 15% 53%
Practice
Know home remedies for treatment 28% 48%
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Know home remedies for prevention 16% 43%
Discussion
Traditional remedies have been passed on over generations by observation of actual practice,
and have had no systematic documentation or validation. Such informal ways of knowledge
transfer have resulted in dilution as well as loss of traditional wisdom over a period of time
In the current era of ‘rational’ bio-medicine, there has been a lot of skepticism about usage of
such remedies. One of the reasons for such non-acceptance could be lack of scientific
validation of the potential efficacy. We tried to explore this by comparing the contents of the
TM and the Ayurveda classics. We found a strong agreement in the choice of herbs and the
methods of preparation of the remedies. only 7 out of the 93 remedies had no correlation. Out
of the 93 validated remedies, it was interesting to see that as many as 86 had a direct content-
to-disease agreement with the classic texts. the other 7 remedies were ones which were
considered potential substitutes, given the action of the herb on the vitiatedDosha as per the
understanding of Ayurveda.
These findings suggest that the traditional remedies have a strong foundation of validated
Indian System of Medicine, which is now finding increasing acceptance globally.
The study also showed that the traditional remedies whichhave been retained in public
memory and are being practiced, predominantly address the most common ailments that the
local people feel they are affected with. This further reiterates the intricate link between
primary drivers of health and well-beingand traditional cultural practices, including food
habits.
Following the validation of the contents of the TM, IEC intervention was rolled out in the
community to educate them about the possible HH remedies that can be tried out. This was
done with adequate care to ensure safety of the subjects, from the stage of designing the
modules right up to the community interaction and follow up.
Apart from the lack of evidence about possible scientific basis for these TM, concerns about
promotion of such practices include overreliance on these remedies, and symptom
suppression leading to delay in instituting formal treatment. These concerns were taken into
account while designing the IEC intervention. The limitations of the remedies and the danger
signs that one should be watchful about were included in the training modules and in the
dissemination materials developed. This also served as a tool to educate community about
healthy lifestyles and timely visits to the institutional health facilities health seeking behavior.
Following the IEC intervention, an enhanced awareness and the practice of TM was seen.
The number of household respondents aware of TM was 57% (up from 29%) and the number
of respondents who said they were using TM was 48% (up from 28%)
27% respondents mentioned that they were able to avoid a trip to the hospital because of the
TM they used, for an ailment which they previously would have gone to a hospital for. There
Book Name | 147

was also a perception that the health expenses were lower after they started usingTM, this
was not adequately quantified.
Conclusions
A high level of correlation of contents of traditional remedies with Ayurvedic Classics
reiterates their safety for practice and promotion. However, knowledge and actual practice of
these remedies is very low. These findings open up a potential opportunity for promoting
such validated home-remedies for initial household usage. Initial findings of the community
sensitization have providedencouraging insights for further studies and behavioral
interventions to promote traditional remedies.
The study also demonstrated that a community-based promotion intervention enhances the
awareness and use of traditional remediescontributing to general health and well-being. This
calls for envisioning similar models across diverse demographic settings to evaluate the
potential role of T M as ‘zero-tier healthcare’for communities.
With its strengths in both prevention and early management of common diseases, revival of
validated traditional remedies could serve as a low-hanging fruit to promote the concept of
Health and Wellness, minimize health expenditure and move towards universal health
coverage (UHC) that India aims to achieve by 2030 as part of sustainable development goals
(SDG).
Funding
This pilot project was supported by Karnataka Knowledge Commission (KKC) through
Department of AYUSH Government of Karnataka.
Abbreviation
1. VMH-Vivekananda Memorial Hospital
2. SVYM-Swami Vivekananda Youth Movement
3. TDU- University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology
4. KSRSAC-Karnataka State Remote Sensing Applications Centre
5. AYUSH- Ayurveda Yoga Unani Siddha Homeopathy
6. TM-Traditional Medicine
7. ODK-Open Data Kit
8. ToT-Training of trainers
9. HD Kote- HeggadadevanKote
10. ASHA-Accredited Social Health Activist.
11. AWW-Angan Wadi Worker
12. WHO-World Health Organization
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13. SDG-Sustainable Development Goals
14. UHC-Universal Health Coverage
15. KKC-Karnataka Knowledge Commission
16. IEC-Information Education Communication
17. TM-Traditional Medicine
18. HH-Households
19. FM-Frequency Modulation
References
1. http://who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/congress/congress_background_info/en/
2. http://who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/definitions/en/
Book Name | 149

Chapter - 24
A Reviw-Role of Pathyapathya on Amlapitta

Dr. Bhagirath Singh*
Dr. Pallavi Gune**
Abstract :-
Amlapitta is very common disease in present era. Amlapitta is a life-style related disease
prevalent all over the world. Amlapittais disorder caused by habitual, irregular diet schedule
and activities but also as a result of psychological and physiological aberrations.As the life is
becoming very fast and the rate of urbanisation is growing. Pitta has been vitiated uses food
and drink that are incompatible, spoiled, very sour and that are capable of causing vitiation of
Pitta and increases drava and Amlaguna of Pitta.
The similar condition has been mentioned in text like charaka, susrutha and vagbhata while
describing the Grahani Roga & Vidhagdhajirna. Amlapitta has been mentioned as a separate
entity in Madhava Nidana.
Hyperacidity is the secretion of hydrochloric acid increases in the stomach causing burning
sensation in the chest and stomach, amlodgara (Acid Eructation) giddiness & heaviness of
abdomen and other gastro-intestinal symptoms.
Keywords:- Amlapitta, Hyperacidity, Pathya Apathya, Ayurved
Introduction:-
Amlapitta is common problem in the young age group. Amlapitta increased day by day. Now
a days the food opposite qualities fermented food, preserved food, sour, salty, alcohol, hot
food, irregular diet intake, late night dinner, spicy food, mental stress are commonest.
Pitta has been vitiated uses food and drink that are incompatible, spoiled, very sour and that
are capable of causing vitiation of Pitta and increases drava and Amlaguna of Pitta.
Acharya Charaka has mentioned that if a person is under psychological stress; even the
wholesome food taken in proper quantity will not get properly digested. (2) Vagbhata has
described that all diseases are caused due to Mandagni. Among the Nidanas of amlapitta,
dietary factors, and commonly found .(3) Acharya kashyapa was the first who describe the
diseases on doshas basis and given the samprapati.
Charaka, Susrutha and vagbhata has not mentioned Amlapitta as disease. However,
Kashyap samhita is the first available text describing Amlapitta a separate clinical entity.
Further Madhavakara described its Nidana , lakshana and bheda .
Pathya is referred to the ahara and vihara which causes pacification of disease. Apathya
* P.G. Scholar, Department of Rognidan Avum Vikrutivigyan, Guide

** M.D.(Ayu), Department Of Rognidan Avum Vikrutivigyan
Yashwant Ayurvedic College ,P.G.T And R.C,Kodoli, Kolhapur, Maharasht
Book Name | 150

is referred to the ahara and vihara which causes complication and aggravate the disease.
Ahara is the base and cause for the strength, comlplexion and vitality of living beings. It has
the ability to promote health as well to control the disease pathology.
Aims & Objective:-
To review Role of pathyapathya on Amlapitta.
Definition of Amlapitta :-
Chakarpani in his commentary on charaka Samhita states that “Amalgunodriktam Pitta Amal
Pitta,” Here, Udrikta stands for increase or excessive, which means that there is quantitative
in pitta. However its Amal and Drava Guna is more vitiated.
Material & method:-
reference regarding Amlapitta and Pathyapathya were collected from Bruhatrayi, Laghutrayi
Modern textbooks and Published article.
Causes of Amlapitta
Aaharaj hetu :-
1) Virudha bhojana :- Desh virudha, kaal virudha ,Agni virudh and Matra virudha etc.
2) Sadushta bhojana :- Paryushita Anna Sevana and Contaminated food.
3) Atiruksha bhojana :- Fermented food, Teened product and bakery product.
4) Vidahi bhojana :- Spicy food, Fast food and junk food.
5) Shuska sevana :- Virudha ana.
6) Guru Sevana :- Udhad, Tilpishta, Gud and Milk product.
7) Upavasa
Viharaj hetu:-
1) Excessive Physical work
2) No or less Physical work
3) Ratrijagarna
4) Aatap sevana
5) Divaswapa
Mansika hetu :-
1) Krodha
2) Shoka
3) Bhaya
Vyasan :-
1) Alcohol
2) Tobacco
3) Beverages
4) Smoking
Lakshana:
Book Name | 151

1) Chardi
2) Sarvang Daha
3) Shiroruja
4) Hrid-Kantha daha
5) Tikta- Amlodgar
6) Kandu
7) Aruchi
8) Utklesha
9) Hastpad daha
10) Jwara
11) Avipaka
Chikitsa:
Pathyais used for prevention as well as apart of treatment of the diseases. Acharya Charak
had stated pathya (wholesome) as a synonym for treatment. Nidanaparivarjana ,
prakritivghata Chikitsa , observance of dincharya , Ritucharya, Ratricharya, Sadvritta and
rules to be followed accordingly, life style modification and recommended yoga.
Comlications:-
1) IBS
2) Gastric ulcer
3) Duodenitis
4) Anaemia
5) Chronic gastritis
6) Peptic stenosis
7) Mal-absorption
Sampapti of Amlapitta
Tridosh prakop Pitta prakop
(Drava and guna vriddhi)
Agnimandya
Sampitta
If Apathya continues then food becomes vidagdha
Amlapitta
Book Name | 152

Pathya:-
1. Take coconut water
2. Drink sufficient water
3. Regular exercise
4. Take watermelon juice
5. Take adequate sleep & rest
6. Practice yoga, pranayam and meditaion
7. Vegetable like matured ash gourd, bittergourd, white pumpkin leafy vegetable
except methi
8. Green gram ,sugar candy ,cucumber , wheat old rice
9. Fruits like sweet lime ,dry graps ,black graps, gooseberry,fig and Pomegranat
10. Golkand ,Moravala, and Dadimpak
Apathya:-
1. Avoid alcohol , smoking, tea, cofee and NSAID type drugs
2. Avoid spicy ,oily and fried food
3. Avoid cured,rice and sour fruits
4. Avoid arahar and urad daal and ground nut
5. Avoid long gaps between the meals
6. Avoid late night work
7. Avoid stress
8. Avoid lying down immediately after food
9. Do not over eat ,take small frequent meals
10.Do not remain hungry , Avoid fast.
Discussion :-
Amlpitta is a common functional disease of Annavaha srotas. Amlpitta is mianly due to
aggravation of pitta . factors responsible for aggravation of pitta .factors responsible for
aggravation of this pitta dosha are excessive intake of pungent and sour food items,
alcoholic preparation, salt, hot, and sharp stuff which cause burning sensation ,Anger fear
,excessive exposure to sun and fire ,intake of dry vegetables. Change in function of agni
leads to various diseases. This is in most cases due to excessive secretion of acidic material
in the stomach.
If a person follows the rules of pathya for particular disease , there is very little significance
of drug treatment and when a person exposed to apathya then drug treatment has of no value
As pathya Sevana has been mentioned in classics as equally important as oushada sevana
and effective measure in prevention of diseases and prevention of complications of diseases.
As above mentined nidan like aharjanya, viharjanya, manshika bhawas and kalaj bhawas are
effect to evaluate Amlapitta . so nidan parivarjana is most important is prevention of
amlapitta
Book Name | 153

Conclusion :-
Ayurveda does not regard amlapitta as a disease that can be treated by mere medicine or by
a dietary regimen. Though it is a yapya disease , the prolonged use of the above pathya
along with treatment procedure will not only generate the person free from amlapitta but
protect to live a long life.
References :-
• Kayachikitsa – Y.g. Joshi Amlapitta Chikitsa Adhyay 60/ Page No.479.
• Agnivesha- charak chakrapani, sutrasthana, chapter 25, Verse 45. In ; Sharma Rk,
dash B(editors). Charak samhita with charapanidatta Ayurved dipika,commentary.
Reprint ed.varansi: chowkambha Sanskrit series. Volume1,2012;p-438
• Agnivesha- charak chakrapani, sutrasthana, chapter 25, Verse 45. In ; Sharma Rk,
dash B(editors). Charak samhita with charapanidatta Ayurved dipika,commentary.
Reprint ed.varansi: chowkambha Sanskrit series. Volume1,2012;p-43
• Prasadh VV, Sudarshan. Sushruta Samhita,Sutrasthana. 1st edition: New Delhi:
Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeet.2002:p-4
• Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita.7th edition;Varanasi:ChaukambhaOrientalia. 2002;P-
214.
• Murthy S.K, Madhavakara. Madhava Nidan .2011th ed. Chaukambha orientalia,
Varansi, 2011;p.166-7.
Book Name | 154

Chapter - 25
Vedic Literature
Dr. Sneha Mujumdar*
Knowledge about various Nighantus
1. (II) Texts which explain synonyms along with properties (I) Texts which describe
only synonyms of drugs: e.g. Ashtanga Nighantu , Paryaya Ratnamala, Hridaya
Deepaka Nighantu etc. The literature of Dravyaguna is available in two forms:
Introduction & action etc: e.g. Dhanwantari Nighantu , Sodhala Nighantu etc.
2. Benefits & This might throw a good deal of light on the general chronology of
different texts, and may also help in the study of the development of knowledge of
medicinal plants in ancient India.However, it would be interesting to study the
different medicinal plants from the vedic period to the period of Ayurvedic
Nighantus. These Nighantus have introduced some new herbs to Indian Materia
Medica. During the process they also created confusion by using same synonym for
different plants . Lacunas of Nigantus
3. The writing of Nighantus in the classical fashion ends with Raja Nighantu in 17AD.
Therefore 10- 17AD is considered to be a golden era for Nighantu writers in India.
The last recognized Nighantu is Saligrama-Nighantu (19AD).Style of Writing
4. It is also not possible to finalize the total number of lexicons on Indian Materia
Medica some of the important Nighantus are picked up and explained in this chapter.
They are: 1. Ashtanga Nighantu 2. Paryaya Ratnamala 3. Dhanwantari Nighantu 4.
Sodhala Nighantu 5. Siddha Mantra 6. Hridaya Deepaka Nighantu 7.Madhava Dravya
Guna 8. Dravya guna Sangraha 9.Madana Pala Nighanlu 10. Raja Nighantu 11.
Kaiyadeva Nighantu 12. Shiva Kosha 13. Dravya guna Sataka 14. Abhidhana
Ratnamala 15. Rajavallabha Nighantu 16. Nighantu Ratnakara 17. Sali grama
Nighantu 18. Madanadi Nighantu 19. Nighantu Adarsh.Important Nighantus
5. The original name of the book appears to be 'Dravyavali Samuchchaya'. It is still a
mystery how this name 'Dhanwantari Nigantu‘ emerged. It is clear by his prayer on
lord Dhanwantari as he express I bow to God Dhanwantari. But really it is not so.
Dhanwantari- the author is not the lord Dhanwantari But seems to be another person.
Of all the Nigantus, this is believed to be the oldest. INTRODUCTION - Dhanwantari
Nigantu
6. Various manuscripts available at Pune mention the "author's name as Mahendra
Bhogik. The author of this text is inspired by treatises of Charaka , Sushrita etc, and
compiled the quotation either partially or completely from the earlier texts. The author
has made use of Sanskrit as well as foreign languages in this text.AUTHOR
* M.D. Ph.D. (Dravyaguna), Diploma in Ayurved Dietetics

Professor (Dravyaguna) at ARAC College, Manchi Hill, Dist. Sangamner (Maharashtra)
Book Name | 155

7. Totally there are 7 groups under which the plants are decribed. Total drugs or drug
groups (excluding Misraka Varga) are claimed to be 373 but the overall number of in
He further adds after knowing both local and Sanskrit names of the plants one should
see them, ask their names to others, should touch the plants to ascertain the texture
etc, and thus should try to know about many plants. Though being the first author of
a lexicon, he narrated the drugs on the basis of Rasa, Veerya, Vipaka etc‘ First the
synonyms scattered here and there are compiled and then the properties of the drug
are discussed. Many others have imitated his style and method at later
periods.dividual drugs will be 527.For example 'Triphala Gana’ contains three
individual herbs and 'Pancha Lavana’ contains five types of salts
8. Conclusion regarding period •Yasada is described in it therefore this work cannot be
earlier to 13AD. •Moreover, he mentions about Ahiphena, Jayapala, Agnijara, Vijaya
etc.which were brought to India from foreign countries during Muslim rule. •It also
mentions the purification methods of mercury which may be borrowed from Rasa
Sastra texts written in 13AD. • The author quoted regard for Hemadri (12 AD ) . So
he cannot be earlier to 13AD. •KsheeraSwamy (11AD) and Hemachandra
(commentator) of Abhidhana chudamani (12AD) mentioned this work in their
writings. •Thence, it can be placed between 11-13AD •P.V.Sharmaji put this work
between10-13AD
9. Both CharkaSpecialty of this text are & The drugs are named on the basis of the first
drug under that varga. Then each Varga is divided into different Ganas basing upon
pharmacological properties.Susruta have mentioned one drug under many Ganas
/Vargas. But, this text described one drug under one Gana only.
10. Though the author is inspired by Charaka and Susruta he maintained his speciality
.For example Dadima is mentioned under Phala varga in the treatises. But in this text,
Dadima is mentioned in the Satapushpadivarga. Likewise Banana is described in
Karaveeradi varga. The author described some extra drugs also in the end of each
Varga. They are actually not mentioned in the original Vargas. Synonyms and
properties are described in an order for each and every drug.
11. Seven vargas of Dhanwantari Nigantu S I NO VARGA NAMA NO OF VARGAS
NO OF DRAVYAS DRUGS TOLD AFTER THE END OF CHAPTER TOTAL
DRUGS 01 GUDUCHYADI 11 89 01 90 02 SHATAPUSPADI 02 42 01 43 03
CHANDANADI 03 64 06 70 04 KARAVEERADI 04 56 04 60 05 AMRADI 03 61
04 65 06 SUVARNADI 10 94 36 130 07 MISRAKADI 02 69 - 69 TOTAL 35 475 52
527
12. VARGA CONTENT GUDUCHYADI PLANTS LIKE GUDUCHI, SHATI,
SHALAPARNI, JEEVAKA IN MANAGEMENT OF DIFF DISEASES
SATAPUSHPADI VARGA HERBS USED AS STOMACHIC , DIGESTIVE ETC.
EX. SATAPUSHPA,MISRCYA,ELA,NAGAKESARAETC. CHANDANADI
VARGA PLANTS WITH VOLATILEOILS FLAVONOIDS AND MINERALS. EX .
Book Name | 156

CHANDANA, MANAHSILA ,TUTHA ETC. KARAVEERADI VARGA HERBS
USED IN SKIN, KRIMI, VISHA & HAEMORRHAGE EX. KARAVEERA ,
RASONA , SINDUVARA , AKSHU AMRADI VARGA PLANTS USED FOR
THEIR FURITS, FLOWER, AND BARKS. SOME AROMATIC DRUGS ARE
ALSO PRESENT) EX. AMRA, BHAVYA, KADAMBA, ARJUNA, JATI ETC.
SWARNADI VARGA HERBAL, MINERAL AND ANIMAL SOURCES WHICH
ARE USED FOR DIFFERENT DISEASES ARE DESCRIBED UNDER THIS EX.
GOLD,TIN, MERCURY, MASURA, GODHUMA ETC.
13. Therefore he composed this work after consulting earlier works of Agnivesa etc. He
claims that this text will solve controversies among various texts . In the introductory
verses Sodhala express his view that students of Ayurveda in his time are facing great
difficulty as the list of drug, proper classification, nomenclature etc.are not available.
This Nighantu is otherwise known as 'Guna Sangraha‘ or 'Nama Sangraha'. This
work is a valuable contribution of Gujarat state to Ayurvedic materia medica. Author
Sodhala is a physician, scholar, grammarian and astrologer too. He took lot of pain in
compiling this text by referring several contemporary works INTRODUCTION -
Sodhala Nighantu
14. In text he describe the properties of drugs with their Rasa,Veerya,vipaka etc. &
Similarly while writing Gada Nigraha he followed Rigvinischaya of Madhava for
patophysiology and followed Siddha Yoga of Vrinda for management. He quoted
much from As.Hridaya, although he borrowed sufficiently from Charaka and Susruta
as well. Between Astanga Sangraha and Ashtanga Hridaya, he preferred the later
treatise because of its concised style. explanation is not too detailed or too concise
style so that the same may be easily understood.
15. At the same time he left some unneces As the style adopted by Dhanwantari Nighantu
became absolete after sometime, Sodhala made an attempt to revive the same. This
text has intimate relation with DhanwantariNighantu. There are 27 groups or drugs
totally. The first 7are common with Dhanwantari Nighantu. The difference is that 7th
group is Misraka Varga in Dhanwantari Nighantu while it is named as Lakshmanadi
Varga in this text. sary details given in Dhanwantari Nighantu. He described the
properties of the drugs in a concise manner so as to enable the students to grasp the
subject easily
16. The magical action of Chetaki (a variety of Haritaki) is first described in this book
and latter borrowed by Bhavamishra. Bhavamishra(16AD)had taken enough material
from SodhalaNighantu such as description of Haritaki,Chavika,GajaPippali,Karpura,
ParasikaYavani, LataKasturi, BalaChatushtaya etc. To fix the lower limit
Bhavamishra's descriptions are also essential. Therefore Sodhala must be placed later
to Dhanwantari Nighantu (1OAD) and earlier to Dalhana(12AD). It appears that he
utilized Dalhana's commentary on Susruta Samhita his description of Madhu(Honey).
Conclusion regarding Period
Book Name | 157

17. Therefore this text may be placed between 11-13AD.The description of Ahiphena is
found in Madhava Dravyaguna while it is missing in Sodhala's work prove that
Madhava's work is posterior to Sodhala's. Madhava Dravya Guna (12-13AD). Several
passages are commonly found in Sodhala Nighantu and Kesava (13AD) and
Bopadeva (14 AD) have utilized Sodhala's work . Narahari (15AD) also
acceptedmany things from Sodhala Nighantu. Sarangdhara ( l3AD) and Madanapala
(14AD) have imitated Sodhala in their writings.
18. The following facts are worth remembering: 1. Yasada is not mentioned among
Dhatus. (Yasada is not found in the texts before 14AD). 2. Jayapala is not mentioned
in this text while, Sarangdhara (13AD) used it. 3. Bhanga, Ahiphena, Akara karabha,
Rumi mastagi etc., described in Gada Nigraha are missing in this text. 4. Mercury and
its purification is mentioned. It indicates that this text is developed after 1O AD. 5.
Kankushta and Swarna Ksheeri are the terms used synonymously in Ashtanga
Nighantu (1OAD). Dalhana (12AD) consider it as the Niryasa of Swarnaksheeri while
later texts mentioned both the drugs separately. Sodhala too, mentioned Kankushta
and Swarnaksheeri separately
19. The entire text is classified into 27 vargas: VARGA CONTENT GUDUCHYADI
VARGA- KATU, TIKTA, KASHAYA DRAVYAS, JIVANIYAS,
SODHANA,DRUGS. SATAPUSHPADI VARGA SPICES ETC, HAVING
VOLATILE OILS AND CARMIRNATIVE ACTION. CHANDANADI VARGA-
AROMATIC DRUGS, GUM-RESINE, MIN RALS, GEMS ETC. KARAVEERADI
VARGA- UPA VISHAS, SAKAS (LEAFY VEGETABLE), ACQUATIC PLANTS.
A MRADI VARGA- FRUITS, BIG TREES, FLOWERS AND STEMS. SWARN AD
I VARGA METALS AND MERCURY LAKSHMANADIVAR GA- CONTAINS
MANY PECULIOR PLANTS AND DRUGS NOT DESCRIBED IN OTHER
NIGHANTUS.
20. Remaining vargas PANIYADI VARGA TAILA VARGA TRINADHANYA
VARGA PANIYA VARGA MADHU VARGA SIMBIDHANYA VARGa
KSHEERA VARGA IKSHU VARGA KRITANNA VARGA DADHI VARGA
MADYA VARGA ANUPANA VARGA TAKRA VARGA MUTRA VARGA
MAMSA VARGA NAVANEETA VARGA SUKADHANYA VARGA MISRAKA
VARGA-DEFINITIONS OF TECHNICAL TERMS, PERSONAL HYGENE
GHRITA JURNA VARGA
21. He resided at a place called Vedapura which is situated on the bank of river Varada in
Maharashtra. This was the capital of king Simharaja He had a rich heritage of medical
tradition from his father Kesava ( 13 AD) who was the royal physician. Dhaneswara
is said to be the teacher of Bopadeva. It s author Bopadeva (Vopadeva) is a
grammarian and author of certain religious books. Hence he is a land mark in the
middle era . Hridaya Deepaka Nighantu
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22. Some reference quote that Hemadri had written commentaries on Bopadeva's works-
Harileela and Muktaphala Conclusion regarding period Bopadeva is said to be the
physician/Pandit of king Mahadeva . Hence he is fixed in 13 AD. Hemadri ( 1260-
1271) is contemporary to Bopadeva. Hemadri was the Prime/chief minister of king
Mahadeva of Yadava dynasty. He is believed to be at least two and half centuries
earlier to Bhavamishra i.e ., 12- 13 AD.
23. 3 books on Bhagavadgita. 3 books on literature and 1 book on Jyotisha, 9 books on
Ayurveda, 10 books on Sanskrit grammar, Contrubution Altogether Bopadeva wrote
26 books.
24. However his work on materia medica.and Prakasa comment Out of these works, a
book on medicine entitled as 'ShataSloki' with Chandrakala commentary was edited
by Vayaskar N.S of Kottayam (Kerala) and published in 1962. This work was actually
intended to explain the drugs mentioned in Ashtanga Hridaya. Hence the name
Hridaya deepaka nighantu.tary on his father's work (Siddhamantra) are less popular.
25. The subject matter of this text is divided into eight Vargas viz., (1) Chatushpada
Varga-Yashtimadhu to Swarnam. (2) Tripada Varga Aragwadha to Kamalam. (3)
Dwipada Varga Madana phala to Vetasa (4) Eka pada Varga Swarna Ksheeri to
Rishabhaka (5) Dwi Nama Varga Tinisa to Surana (6) Eka Nama VargaSankhini to
Hilamochika (7) Nanartha Varga Koshataki to Haritaki (8) Mishraka Varga-Food
materials etc.Content
26. There is much similarity in the descriptions of Amara Kosha and Hridaya dipaka
Nighantu The author followed the material style of Paryaya ratnamala rather than
alphabetical order/style .
27. Apart from this text, a work known as Dravyaguna Sangraha of Madhava was quoted
by some commentators leading to an inference about existence of another work on
Indian Materia Medica. Its author Madhava must be different from the author of
Rigvinischaya and Paryaya ratnamala. Madhava Dravya Guna
28. Basing up on Sushrita Samhita the subject matter is arranged under two broad heads- (
1) Drava dravya (liquids) and (2 ) Anna pana vidhi (diet.). Though Madhava did not
use these words directly, he opted the same arrangement. A manuscript of Madhava's
Dravyaguna (SJ. No. 5g95; Accu . No. B 3773) is located in the Collection of the
Bharata Kala Bhavan of B.H.U. Varanasi. This book is often quoted as 'Bhava
Swabhava Vada' in the manuscripts.
29. There are totally 29 vargas in this text. They are: 1.Vividoushda 10. Taila 19.Mamsa
28.Anupana 2.Lavana 11. Sneha 20.Matsya 29.Prakeerna 3.Ikshu 12. Madya 21.Phala
4.Madhu 13. Kanjika 22.Shaka 5.Ksheera 14.Mutra 23.Sresta 6.Dadhi 15.Toya
24.Rasa 7.Takra 16.Shali 25. Manda 8.Navaneeta 17.Kudhanya 26.Anna 9.Ghrita
18.Simbidhanya 27. Pana-Bakshya
Book Name | 159

30. Aromatic substances are divided into Pittaghna, Vataghna Later Grahi (Astringent)
drugs like Pata, Kutaja, Indrayava, Musta, Bilva etc., are described . He also
described other purgatives like Trivrit, Katuki, Trayamana in continuation. First
chapter starts with Haritaki which is Sara (purgative) in nature. Content & Apart
from Susruta Samhita the author has closely followed As. San. and As. Hri. After
vegetable drugs minerals products have been described Drugs effective in upper
respiratory tract and fevers were described in the end. Kaphaghna such as Chandana,
Kumkuma and Karpura respectively.
31. Swami Laxmi Ram (20 AD) in his note on an Siddha Bheshaja Manimala Some
scholars observe that this work is transcribed in 1452 AD and the original work is
anterior to this. A part from the ancient sources, certain latest works like Sodhala
Nighantu etc., were also consulted by author. Like Charakapani he had given
importance to dietetic substances in a concise manner. Among his sources author
mentions Charaka, Susruta, Parasara, Vagbhata, Bhattara-Harichandra, Bhela,
Vaideha, Hareeta etc. & Neither Dalhana (12 AD) nor Chakarpani quoted this text in
their commentaries. Adhamalla (15-16 AD), Siviadassen (15 AD) and Bopadeva (13 -
14 AD) have mentioned about this text in their works. Siva datta Mishra (17 AD)
quoted this work.
32. Considering the available evidences Madhava will be placed in the later part of 13
AD. Yasada is not mentioned. That means it is earlier to 14 AD. Ahiphena is also
mentioned which is found in Dhanwantari Nighantu ( 10- 13 AD) and onwards.
Vijaya is described Mentioning of Jayapala indicates it as a medeival period text in
India. The following subject matter is of some special importance in this text:
Sivadas Sen is of the opinion that the author of Dravyaguna and Rigvinischaya are
same. Some verses tally with Sodhala Nighantu also. There are several passages
common in Dravyaguna Sangraha of Chakrapani and Madhava's Dravyaguna (vide:
verses 12 to 20 in Dhanya varga of former text and 1-7 in the later text) .
33. It is a Dravyaguna text written by Chakrapani datta in 11 AD. He is the author of
'Ayurveda Dipika' commentary on Charak Samnhita and 'Dravya Guna Sangraha
Chakradatta'. This book mainly deals with the herbs used in diet. Fundamentals like
Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka are described in the begining of the first chapter.
34. The author claims that this text is the essence of many books he referred. 8. Taila
Varga 7.Kshoudra Varga 15. Misraka Varga. 6.Paniya Varga 14. Anupana Vidhi
5.phala Varga 13. Ahara Vidhi 4.Lavanadi Varga 12. Bhakshya Varga 3.Saka Varga
11. Kritanna Varga 2.Mamsa Varga 10. Madyadi Varga 1.Dhanya Varga 9.Ikshvadi
Varga The contents are divided into 15 Vargas.
35. The total number of substances or dravyas described by Madanapala are about 494
(450 vegetable and 44 metallic This text was written by king Madana pala of 'Tika'
dynesty . His capital city was 'Kashta Nagara'. This book is also known as 'Madana
Book Name | 160

Vinoda'. According to the mentioning's at the end of the text, it is assessed that this
book is written during 1374 AD. Madana Pala Nighantu & other drugs).
36. Hence this text is being written to expand the concised aspects and to edit the
elaborated descriptions, by mentioning the well known nomenclature and by clear
description of their properties for the sake of wise people". The author explained
about the necessity in writing this work that "some nighantus are very less descriptive
while some are too elaborate, some are very difficult to understand and voluminous.
Intension of Preparation
37. Yasada is found in the 1954 edition edited by Vaidya Ram Prasad Sharma, published
from Mumbai. But Acharya P.V. Sharmaji is of the opinion that Yasada is not
mentioned in Madana pala Nighantu. He mentioned about Bhanga, Ahiphena,
Jayapala , Parasika Yavani, Chouhara, Sulemani Kharjura, Amrita phala, Grinjana,
Madhu karkati etc. Content
38. Suvarna Varga- with 44 mineral Karpuradi Varga- with 84 drugs e.g.: Karpu a,
Chandana , Guggulu etc. Sunthyadi Varga- · with 39 drugs e.g.: Sunthi, Yavani,
Tankan etc. Abhayadi Varga-with 165 drugs e.g.: Haritaki , Bakuchi ,Ahiphena etc
& Mishraka Varga-Anupana, Dinacharya, Rutu charya etc. There are about 13 vargas
totally in this text: Mamsa Varga-different types of non-vegetarian foods. Dhanya
KritannadiVarga (Kritanna Varga)- Yavagu, Peya, Vilepi etc.. Dhanyaguna Varga-
(Dhanya Varga)Cearls, pulses etc Ikshukadi Varga-(Madhura Varga) Ikshu,
Madhuka, Madu etc Panadi Varga -(Drava Var ga) Jala, Ksheera, Tail . Mutra etc.
Saka Varga-with 56 drugs e.g.: Kushmanda, Vastuka, Lasuna etc. Phala
Varga(Drakshadi Varga)- with 56 drugs e.g.: Draksha , Jambu , Naranga, Pugiphala
Vatadi Varga-with 50.drugs e.g.: Vata, Aswatha, Salmali, Agustya etc. metallic drugs
etc.
39. Another important aspect is this work deals with names of the plants in various
languages. Thus some named it as 'Dravyabhidana Gana Sangraha'. But the author
himself preferred the name 'Raja Nighantu meaning that this is the king among
various Nighantus. The author claims that this book is compiled after consulting
works like Dhanwantari Nighantu, Madanapala Nighantu, Halayudha Nighantu,
Viswaprakasa Nighantu, Amarakosa, Bhojaraja Kosa. This book is known with the
names- 'Abhidana Chudamani ' and 'Nighantu Raja'. Raja Nighantu
40. Therefore Narahari son of IswaraSuri is considered as the author of this work. He was
the chief administrator/king of the Kashmir dynasties. Cat.No. 23 1 BORI also quotes
Narasimha as NarahariPandita (Saka 1719). Many consider that both the author are
one and same. Cat.No. CCS. Cat.No . 1641 SMU Cat.No . 935 OMU 3398
2.Narahari-Cat.No. 205 MOIB 1587 Cat.No. 11289 SMT Cat .No. 13254 GOMM
Cat.No. 231 BOIH.92611.887-91 Confusion regarding Author There are two persons
known as the authors of this work 1. Narasimha Pandita-
Book Name | 161

41. Atidesha ( blame ):-Pootiganda, Kachhuri Veerya:- Ushana, ooshana, sheeta Upama:-
(Simili ) Meshalochana, vanari, Shukanasa , Panchangula Lanchana ( Special Feature
)Ajasringi,Danti ,Astisrankala Deshokta :- (from particular place )Magadi,lanka,
malayaja,vaidehi. Prabhava:- Krimigna, Hayamara, Vishagana Roodi:- (popularity in
particular Area) – These names have no specific meaning but are used in certain
areas. EX:-Pacham pacha ( Daruharidra ), Kinihi ( Apamarga )
42. This is the first lexicon which recognized the importance of nomenclature of plant s.
For the first time Narahari gave first place to Dravyaguna among Ashtangas of
Ayurveda. Narahari mentioned Madana pala Nighantu(1374 AD). So his date may be
assigned as 14 AD or beginning of 15 AD. He is after Amara Simha and Prof.
H.H.Wilson puts him in '12-13 AD. It is also opined that he belongs to south as many
names indicate the terms used in Maharashtra and Karnataka.
43. (23) Ekarthadi. (18) Manushyadi (19) Simhadi (20) Rogadi (21) Satlwadi (22)
Misrakadi (13)Suvarnadi (14) Paniyadi (15) Ksheeradi (I6) Shalyadi (17) Mamsa
(9)Praqhadradi ( l 0) Karaveeradi (11) Amradi ( 12) Chandanadi (4)Satahvadi (5)
Parpatadi (6) Pippalyadi (7) Mulakadi (8) Salmalyadi (1)Anupadi (2) Bhumyapi
(Dharanyadi) (3) Guduchyadi This text contains 23 vargas. But only 10 vargas (3 to
12 vargas) are allotted for vegetable drugs i.e.; 780 herbs, excluding 74 drugs of
uvarnadi vargl. The remaining 13 vargas deal w'ith other general as pects and diet etc.
The total vargas are: He introduced many new plants. Being a learned physician arid
grammarian the 'material is well discussed and arranged. Therefore we can certify that
"of all the Nighantus available at present, this is the best one."
44. Therefore Ra .Ni. is placed in and around 17 AD. Raja Nighantu mentioned about
Jhandu which is not there in Bhavaprakasa. Kulanjan is described in Raja Nighantu
but it was called as Mahabhari Vacha in Bhavaprakasa. Karpura tail, Taila Pipilika,
Krishna beeja, Surakshara etc., described in Raja Nighantu are not found in
Bhavaprakasa. Peeta Karaveera is described in this text but missing in Bhavaprakasa.
Some writers place this text even later to Bhavaprakasha basing upon the following
points
45. 4.Pippalyadi varga - products of economic value are described in it as
Panyaoushaddhas e.g.: Hingu, Sunthi, Ela, Maricha etc. -95 drugs. 3.Parpatadi varga -
herbs are present e.g.: Parpati, Jeevaka, R shabhaka, "Brahmi, Kulutha etc -60 drugs
2.Satahvadi varga -small shrubs are present. e.g. Satahva, Chakramarda Apamarga 1.
Guduchyadi or Valli Varga -creepers or climbers are present. It deals with Guduchi to
Palasi - 52 The vargas possessing vegetable drugs are as following:
10. Chandanadi Varga- This is a class of aromatic plants -57drugs. 9. Amradi Varga -
mostly fruits are described -109 drugs. 8. Karaveeradi - flowering plants are present.
e.g.: Jasmine, lotus, Artemisia etc -86 drugs. 7. Prabhadradi or Vriksha varga -
mostly wild trees are present. e.g.: Agnimantha, Kutaja, Karanja, Bhurja etc. -65
drugs. 6.Shalmalyadi varga- trees and grasses growing in forest areas are pres'ent. It
Book Name | 162

deals with Shalmali to Hijjala -72 drugs. 5.Mulakadl or Sakavarga- vegetables are
present e.g.: roots, tubers leaves and fruits- 104 drugs.
46. Some of the important drugs are: Lingini, Somavalli, Amrita Srava, Dhumra Patra,
Rudanti , Hasthi Sundi, Dugdha pheni, Jhandu, Kulanjar., Kaaraskara etc. He divided
the plants basically into four groups: (i) Vanaspathi (ii) Vanaspathya (iii) Kshupa or
Valli and (iv) Oushadhi.
47. It is assumed therefore that Kaiyadeva might have written this lexicon to mention the
properties (Guna-Karmas) of the herbs described in his earlier text. He is the author of
another text-'Nama Ratnakara which deals with synonyms of various herbs. Its author
Kaiyadeva is the son .of 'Saranga' and grandson of Pandita Padmanabha. This book is
otherwise known as 'Pathya pathya Vibodhini'. Kaiyadeva Nighantu
48. Kai Though Ahiphena, Bhanga and Yasada were mentioned in the Chikitsa Grantha
during 12·AD, Nighantus incorporated them during 13 AD. Conclusion regarding
period of Author However Madanapala did mention about Sweta Peeta Karaveera
which is missing with Madanapala's book is present in Kaiyadeva nighantu. Hence
this book is definitely placed after 12 AD. It resembles Madanapala Nighantu in
description style. yadeva Nighantu do not possess Ahiphena. Bhanga is also reported
in Dhanyn Varga. Seetalika, Soma roga are only described during 12 AD text These
two are described under Vihara Varga in Kaiyadeva N ighantu & From these
references it is desirable to place this text around 15 AD. Therefore many consider it
as belonging to 1425-1450 AD. P.K. Gode consider his period as earlier to 1450 AD.
Rakta varieties of Karaveera.
49. Revandachini's branch like material was used as Vrikshamla Amla vetas is mentioned
as Sakhamla. Mahanimba is considered to be Bakayana. Grinjana term is used as
synonym for both carrot and onion. Under Oushadhi varga Madhu Karkati, Pinda
kharjura, Kanta karanja, Babbula, Sinduri, Markandi etc.are described. This text is
divided into 9 vargas. They are: 1. Oushadhi Varga 6. Mamsa Varga 2. Dhatu Varga
7. Vihara Varga 3. Dhanya Varga 8. Mishraka Varga 4. Drava Varga 9. Nanrtha
Varga 5. Pakwanna Varga
50. However Acharya P.V. Sharma opines that no manuscript is possessing 9th varga
i.e.Nanartha Varga. The editor quotes that the manuscript found in Mumbai is the best
and complete. Acharya Surendra Mohan edited and published the first volume
(Oshadhi Varga) through Meharchand Lakshmandas from Lahore in 1928.
Publication
51. P.K. Gode concluded Sivadatta's period as 1625-1700•AD. This book is written in
1677 AD. This text was edited and published by Harshe R.G., of Deccan college,
Pune in 1952. He also wrote a commentary on his own text Sivadatta Kosha with the
name Siva Prakasa. He also wrote another book called 'Sanjna Samuchchaya' ( 1719
AD) which deals with Nidana, Chikitsa and Dravyaguna . The author claimed his
work as 'Nanartha Oushadha Kosha'. It is compiled on the basis of many lexicons of
Book Name | 163

earlier times. This text is composed of 540 verses. The Oushadha dravyas and their
synonyms are described alphabetically in Sanskrit. Its author Shivadatta Mishra
belongs to a traditional Ayurvedic family and his father is famous Vaidya Chaturb
huja Mishra. Shiva Kosha
52. He also wrote another book called 'Yoga Tarangini'. In Kritanna varga also several
new items were included: e.g.: Puspavati, Kachavati, Jalavalivalaya etc. Carrot i s
given a new name 'Garjara' instead of 'Grinjana'. Lead and Zinc are missing under the
Suvarnadi varga. After including the concluding verse there are 102 verses in this
text. Initially the effect of tastes (Rasa) on doshas is discussed and there after subject
matter is discussed in 15 vargas (Starting with Jala varga and ending with Suvarnadi
varga). It mainly deals with diet substances. His style resembles that of Madana pala.
Its author is Trimalla bhatta . This book is also known as 'Dravya Guna Sata Sloki'.
Dravya Guna Sataka
53. This text is otherwise known as 'Shadrasa Nighantu'. It is less known in North India.
As the famous commentator Mallinatha (14 AD) quoted about this work, it may be
placed in 12-13 AD. There is no indication about the author except some information
in a manuscript found at Madras (Ms. No . D 13257 of Govt. Oriental Mss Library,
Madras) which mention that the work is composed by a person who is the elder
brother of Chatura Rachita (Chatura Rakshita). Abhidhana Ratnamala
54. The classification is mainly based upon Charaka The subject matter is arranged in six
chapters on the basis of taste (Rasa). Subject & Kashaya 115 drugs = total of 448
drugs Katu 70 drugs Tikta" 128 drugs Lavana 1 drug Amla. 32 drugs Madhura
Skandha 102 drugs They are as following: As Rasa is the criteria of classification,
vegetable, animal and mineral drugs are included in the respective taste groups.
SusrutaSamhitas. At the chapter beginning a list of drugs which are going to be
discussed are provided followed by one by on description with synonyms.
55. last popularText Included among Lagu trayas Period – 16-17th AD Author –
Bhavamisra son of Latakan Misra Bhavaprakash Nigantu & known text of Ayurveda
56. Tagara Types of Kasturi, Chmapka , Kadali, Karjoora , Kunkuma explained. 1.
Haritakyadi 2. Karpooradi 3.Guduchyadi 4. Puspa 5. Phala 6.Vatadi 7. Dhatu 8.
Danya 9. Shaka 10. Vari 11. Dugda 12. Dadhi 13. Takra 14. Navaneeta 15. Gratha 16.
Mootra 17. Taila 18. Madhu 19. Ikshu 20. Sandhana 21. Mamsa 22. Kratanna
Explained 22 groups of drugs Content & Pindat Among the classification of Nigantus
the classification of tagara explained
57. It was originally written by Rajavallabha Vaidya and later redacted by Narayana
Dasa.Raja Vallabha Nighantu
58. Though the authors time is doubtful but he used some verses of
BhavamishraConclusion Regarding Period & Madana pala, Hence can be placed
between 17 & The redactor Narayana Das belongs to 1760.18 AD.
Book Name | 164

59. Chaturtha Parichcheda - about learning process Tritiya Parichcheda - about Ahara etc.
Dwitiya Parichcheda - about the Dravya varga. Prathama Parichcheda - about
Dinacharya (daily regimen) This text is classified into six chapters (6 Paricchedas).
Importance is given to the drugs used in Dinacharya. & Shashtah Parichcheda -
Nanoushadhi Varga Panchama Parichcheda - about age groups, Brahma charya
teaching.
60. In this the Sanskrit verses have translated in Marathi language also. This text is
written by Vishnu Vasandeva Godabole in 1867 AD. Nighantu Ratnakara
61. The subject matter is discussed under two parts viz., Prathama khandaSubject & The
second part deals with Nidana and Chikitsa.The first part (Guna Dosha Prakarana)
deals with Dravyaguna aspects followed by Shareera, Ashta sthana Pariksha, Mana-
Paribhasha, Rasa Sastra, Arka Prakasa, Ajeerna Manjari etc. Dwitiya khanda.
62. Some of the important drugs mentioned in this text are: Akara Karabha,
Kakodumbara, Kulanjan, Kankushta, Agnijara, Tuvaraka, TamraPatra,Karpurataila,
Pudina, Makhana, Raktanga,Rasakarpura,Rudanti, Seetaphala, Nava Sadara etc.Imp
Drugs Explained
63. He is the author of another book "Saligrama oushadha Sabda Sagara" and written
commentaries on several books. It was written by Lala Saligrama Vaidya of
Muradabad (U.P.) It was completed in 1896 AD. This text is being considered as the
last in the series of classical nighantus. Saligrama Nighantu
64. The author mentioned about many new drugs brought to India by the foreigners in
modern times. Second part possess only two vargas viz., Anupadi varga and Misraka
varga. At the end of the text an annexure is provided. First part contains 23 Vargas:
(1) Karpuradi (2) Haritakyadi (3) Guduchyadi (4) Pushpa (5) Phala(6) Vatadi (7)
Dhatupadhatu (8) Visha (9) Dhanya (10) Saka (11) Vari (12) Dugdha (13) Dadhi ( 14)
Takra (15) Navanita (16) Ghrita ( 17) Mutra( 18) Taila (19) Arka (20)Madhu (21)
Ikshu (22) Sandhana (23 ) SankhyaVargas. This text is divided into two parts viz.,
Purvartha (part-I) and Uttarartha (part ·II).
65. His time is fixed between 10-1 1 AD on the basis of available evidences.
Chandranandana is the son of Ravinandana and is often cited as an authority in
lexicography by Ksheera Swamy. Though it is claimed to possess 33 Ganas only 32
are available in the present text. As the text starts with Madanadi Gana it is named as
Madanadi Nighantu. The work is based upon several groups of drugs i.e., Ganas
described in Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana 15 chapt. Text is also known as 'Guna
Nighantu'. This book is a glossary in Sanskrit and is written by Chandranandana son
of Ravinandana and is often cited as an authority in lexicography by Ksheera Swamy.
Madanadi Nighantu
66. Coffee, Tea etc. are also mentioned in this work. It consists of 7 vargas. The subject
matter is compiled after consulting several other nighantus and treatises. It is written
Book Name | 165

by Aryadasa Kumara Singha of Ceylone and published with Hindi commentary in
1971 from Varanasi. Mahoushadha Nighantu
67. It mainly describes single drugs with their morphological features and
pharmacological properties.It i s written by' Pandit Dattaram Choube of Mathura.
Abhinava Nighantu
68. Some of the important drugs Rudraksha, Putranjeevaka , Chanaka Mulaka, Yavanala
etc. (1) Vriksha kanda (2) Gulma kanda (3) Lata kanda (4) Saka kanda (5) Trina
kanda (6) Dhanya kanda. There are six khandas (6 chapters) in this text : It deals
with synonyms mainly. This text was written by Jain Acharya Hemachandra in 12
AD. Nighantu Sesha
69. to sub-Him alay an h erbs. It i s com piled in 1950s. Author of this book Thakur
Balavant Singh claim ed it as a guid e Vanaushadhi Darsika
Book Name | 166

Chapter - 26
Public &Primary Health Care through Ayurveda Systems

Vd Mayuri Prabhu Waghadhare*
Vd Mukund D Bamnikar**
Abstract
Ayurveda is the science that bestows all the information on life. It characterizes health and
viewpoints answerable for its upkeep and advancement. As we as a whole know because of
extreme contamination, environmental change, population rise and other financial reasons our
reality is enduring a big endurance strain of all living being and nature. Keeping up the
completeness of nature and human health is a major protest before the world and it can't be
disregarded either. Ayurveda demonstrate prevention and health promotion and gives
treatment to illness. Ayurveda is still generally utilized in India as an arrangement of primary
health care and enthusiasm for it is becoming worldwide also. Essential human services are
another way to deal with medicinal services, which coordinates at the network level of the
considerable number of components required for improving the health status of the
population. While it coordinates promotive, preventive and curative administrations. Its
primary thought process is to accomplish attractive health and prosperity through a far-
reaching approach that tends to mind, body, conduct and condition. Ayurveda has the
exceptional potential to switch the intensifying health status over the world and it would be
the most ideal alternative to advance public and primary health.
Keywords – Health, Ayurveda, Public health, and Primary health.
Introduction
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely an
absence of disease or infirmity.”[1] WHO definition of health as per the concepts of
“Swasthya”.[2] Ayurveda is an antiquated Indian arrangement of medication, which
accentuation on anticipation of body sicknesses instead of essentially easing neurotic issues
or side effects. As in fundamental ideas of Ayurveda "ArogyamMulamuttamam," Ayurveda
given most significance to Arogya (Wellbeing). The essential point of Ayurveda is
"SwasthasyaSwasthyarakshanam" and "AturasyaVikaraprashamanam," the setting clarifies
the significance of upkeep and advancement of health in healthy, alongside treating illnesses.
"Swasthya" signifies health, "Rakshanam" signifies assurance; "Aturashya" methods for the
patient, "Vikara" signifies ailment, "Prashamanam" signifies alleviation.[3]
* P.G. Scholar Second Year Student,Swasthavritta &Yoga Department.

R.A.Podar Medical (Ayu) College,Worli, Mumbai-18
drmayuriwaghadhare@gmail.com, 8600969014
** MD (Ayurveda), HOD & Professor of Swasthavritta & Yoga Department
R. A. Podar Medical (Ayu) College,Worli, Mumbai-18
Book Name | 167

Ayurveda puts stock in the treatment of a person all in all. The genuine estimation of
Ayurveda lies in its essential standards, including its one of a kind ideas of panchamahabhuta,
prakriti, guna, rasa, agni, dosha, dhatu, mala, strotas and its customized way to deal with
nidana, chikitsa, and rasayana.[4] General health as a control is fundamentally observed as a
piece of or a comparative stream to network medication. Through the classical text of
Ayurveda portrayed numerous standards applicable to general health, for example, irresistible
malady, insusceptibility, nourishment, and so forth. To accomplish the objective of general
wellbeing for wandered ethnicities, their socio-topographical explicitness ought to be kept at
the centre alongside singular specificities while confining the treatment rules and patient
evaluation for better result. Each individual is unique in relation to another and thus ought to
be seen as an alternate substance, the same number of varieties known to man, such huge
numbers of in the people. To accomplish the objective of general health for wandered
ethnicities, their socio-geological particularity ought to be kept at the centre alongside
individual specificities while confining the treatment rules and patient evaluation for better
outcome.[5]
Ayurveda is certainly not a simply dry portrayal of realities giving opportunity from illnesses.
Essential human services is another way to deal with social insurance, which coordinates at
the network level of the considerable number of variables required for the improving the
health status of the population. While it incorporates promotive, preventive and curative
administrations. The principle point of Ayurveda is the advancement of essential medicinal
services. In ancient India country was separated into 'Janapadhas' and health the executives of
each Janapadha was altogether embraced. [6] This current record is constrained to the idea of
health; open and essential health to sum things up.
Concept of Health in Ayurveda
The meaning of health proposed by WHO can likewise be comprehended in the light of
Ayurveda. The generally acknowledged meaning of health is that given by the World Health
Organisation (1948) in the introduction to its constitution, which is as per the following:
“Health is a state of complete physic-
“Physical, mental and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.”
[7]This definition has three dimensions of health, physical, mental and social. It rules out the
mere absence of disease and stands with a broad definition of health encompassing all three
dimensions of health.Similarly, Sushruta, one of the great propo-nents of Ayurveda defined
health in his classical treatise called Sushrut Samhita.[8]
The psalm can be comprehended according to the accompanying depiction;
'samadosha'(balanced humor), 'samagnischa' (adjusted catalysts and metabolites), 'sama
dhatu'(balanced tissuesystem), 'malakriya'(state of excretory capacities), 'Prasanna'(ecstasy),
'atmendriyamanah' (soul, sense organs and brain), 'swasthyaitiabhidhiyate'(called as solid
state).[9]Before contrasting this definition and that of the WHO's one, let us comprehend
these ideas very well which will in a roundabout way help us to analyze it better. Ayurveda
depends on the standards of Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, and Agni. Wellbeing is the result of the
Book Name | 168

orchestrated condition of these elements while the contrary prompts sick wellbeing. Dosha is
comprehended by humor as its advanced speech and Ayurveda portrays around three distinct
kinds of such Doshas named Vata, Pitta, Kapha and every one of these Doshas are again
arranged in to five unique sorts. Some of individuals contrast Vata with sensory system
owing with a portion of its attributes, Pitta with GI framework and particularly with gastric
chemicals and the metabolites and Kapha with a portion of the liquids of our body such
mucus and synovial liquid. Ayurveda depicts seven unique sorts of Dhatu, these are rasa,
rakta, mansa, meda, asthi, majja and shukra. So from rasa (life sap) the body creates rakta
(blood), from rakta it creates mansa (muscles), from mansa is created meda (fat), from
prescription is created asthi (bones), from asthi the body creates majja (bone marrow and
nerve tissue) and from majja is produced shukra. Along these lines vata, pitta and kapha rules
the body kingdome, for example the kingdome of rasa, rakta, mansa, asthi, majja and shukra
and hense the body keeps on working. Our day by day life are an aftereffect of this working.
Squander items, which are side-effects of our everyday exercises, are called malas. Mala
(faeces), akshimala (Thick secretion from the eyes), mutra (urine) and sweda (sweat) are the
malas referenced by Ayurveda. To sum up, Ayurveda clarifies the body capacities utilizing
Dosha-Dhatu-Mala idea. Doshas are body constituents which are liable for the manner in
which the body capacities. This body is comprised of seven dhatus. Mala are squander results
of the body. On the off chance that this chain functions admirably, we can keep up great
health, on the off chance that anything turns out badly in this chain of movement, at that point
we are influenced by illness.
Discussion
Concept of Public Health in Ayurveda
In 1920, CEA Winslow defined Public Health as, “the science and art of preventing diseases,
prolonging life, and promoting health and efficiency through organizedcommunity efforts”.
[10] This definition indicates two things; one is the protection of health of a healthyindividual
and second is the alleviation of disease of a patient.This definition emphasizes on
theprotection of the health of a healthy individual.For thispurposeAyurvedic who in support
of various life style administrations which are described in Ayurvedic classical texts.
A portion of these modalities are the idea of Dinacharya (Daily health promotional activities)
and Ritucharya (Health promotional activities during specific season), Aahara (Explicit
dietary routine), Pathya (wholesome food), Apathya (unwholesome food) and so forth. A
large number of these modalities referenced above are essentially the health advancement
techniques of everyday life. The second part of the definition depicts about curative and
preventive health, implies easing of sickness. Be that as it may, in the event that we take a
gander at different restorative regimens depicted in the ancient classical text of Ayurveda,
those legitimize three types of prevention, for example, primary, secondary and tertiary
prevention. Let us comprehend this ; essential avoidance worried on health advancement and
explicit security which can be picked up by above said modalities; optional counteraction
worried on early analysis and treatment which can be picked up by different modalities of
finding such nadipariksha (assessment of heartbeat), darshana (investigation), sparshana
Book Name | 169

(palpation), and prashna (cross examination) and so forth and treatment modalities such
shaman (easing) and sodhana (purging); tertiary prevention worried on infection change and
inability restriction which can likewise be picked up by the assistance of different treatment
modalities, for example, Pancakarmachikitsa and so on. Quickly the standards and practices
of Ayurveda legitimize the standards and practice of public health in its own particular
manner.
In India Ayurveda is generally utilized as an arrangement of primary health care and creating
in a fruitful manner worldwide in health promotion. Ayurveda demonstrating extraordinary
attention at fulfilling a, great and attension at making a happy, healthy and peaceful society.
Particularly the straightforward regimens depicted in antiquated ancient classical text are of
incredible use in taking care of general medical issues looked by the current present reality.
Swasthavritta is close to personal hygine; it comprises of dinacharya (every day schedule)
and incorporates dantadhavana (tooth brushing), kawala/gandusha (mouth wash),
jivhanirlekhana (tongue scratching), snana (bathing), vyayama (working out), bhojana
(eating), and nidra (sleep), etc. Ritucharya are the regimens and diet which are to be followed
in the various periods of the year. Sadvritta is code of acceptable lead for emotional wellness
and social conduct. Rasayana and vajeekarana are the science of rejuvenation have anti-
ageing effect; they impart longevity, immunity against disease and assist in anti-stress effect.
Rasayana and vajeekarana are the science of rejuvenation have anti-ageing effect; they impart
longevity, immunity against disease and assist in anti-stress effect. Secondary prevention
stresses on early diagnosis and treatment which can be achieved by various modalities of
diagnosis such as nadipariksha (assessment of heartbeat), darshana (examination), sparshana
(palpation), and prashna (cross examination) and so forth and treatment modalities such
shaman (mitigation) and sodhana (decontamination). [11] Yoga is a significant for dissolving
physical pressure and quieting the mind before contemplation, and is key to dinacharya, the
ayurvedic schedule.It is the ideal ayurvedic exercise, because it rejuvenates the body,
improves digestion, and removes stress.
Ayurvedic treatment places extraordinary accentuation on counteraction and empowers the
support of health through close consideration regarding balance in one's life. It follows an
incorporated way to deal with the counteraction and treatment of ailment and attempts to
keep up or restore amicability between the mind, body, and powers of nature. [12] In
Ayurvedic classical text, Vagabhata and Sharangadhar accentuated this. Dynamic crumbling
of real highlights decade insightful, in this manner setting achievements of maturing. In
present time a stationary way of life builds an individual's hazard for a wide scope of physical
and psychological well-being issues, because of their activity design or there, occupied
timetable. Individuals are increasing better, however unfitted to keep health and self-
satisfaction. Best way to become fulfilled and sound Dincharya ought to be followed. Our
distressing and occupied day by day schedule is important to get radical change body, psyche
and cognizance. Dincharya assists with setting up balance in one's constitution (Vata, Pitta
and Kapha). It likewise decides and regularizes an individual's natural clock, helps
processing, retention and absorption and discipline, peace, happiness and longevity.
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Dincharya is an idea in ayurvedic medication that takes a gander at the patterns of nature and
bases every day exercises around these patterns of nature and bases day by day exercises
around these cycles; that schedules help build up balance and that are valuable for advancing
and forestalling health. Ayurveda concerns chiefly with longevity, whose notion is not only
limited solely to long-lasting life, but it circumscribes all the conditions to live in health and
vitality in order to carry out a healthy death, meaning the natural final experience of the cycle
of life. Therefore, in Ayurveda the idea of public health, in any event, incorporating all ages,
centers essentially around the individual ability of healthy aging intended as complete
satisfying one's life.[13]
Ayurveda suggest numerous treatments likewise for keeping up our psychological, physical
and profound wellbeing. Antiquated strategies, therapeutics (Rasayana), Panchakarma, Yoga
are being acknowledged to achieve the accompanying objectives of treatment –
▪ Strengthen immune system.
▪ Efficient detoxification system.
▪ Responsive inflammatory system.
▪ Optimal metabolic system.
▪ Balanced regulatory system.
▪ Enhanced regenerative system.
▪ Harmonize the life force.
▪ Free radical scavenging or anti-oxidant
Concept of Primary Health through Ayurveda -
Primary health care is a whole-of-society approach to health and wellbeing centred on the
needs and preferences of individuals, families and communities. In 1978, the Alma-Ata
International conference on Primary Health Care reaffirmed Health for All as the major social
goal of governments, and stated that the best approach to achieve the goal of HFA is by
providing primary health care, especially to the vast majority of underserved rural people and
urban poor.[14]The concept of primary health care has referred to the provision of
ambulatory or first- level of personal health care services. In other context it has been
understood as a set of priority health interventions for low- income populations. This is
essential component of human development, focusing on the economic, social and political
aspects in a developing country like India. In the present context, Ayurveda based on certain
unique concepts of health and illness, preventive medicine and rich ayurvedic herbs, with its
present manpower including institutionally and traditionally trained physicians, traditional
birth attendants and Swasthya -rakshakas can "play major role in Primary Health Care in
India.
Health Care through Health Education-
Health education consists of educating or motivating the people to change their lifestyle or
behaviour for betterment of their health. It is a process of bringing scientific knowledge on
health to the people to bring about changes in their knowledge, attitude and behaviour of the
betterment of their health and the health of the community in which they live. Objectives of
Book Name | 171

the health education are to encourage the people to adopt healthy lifestyles, to encourage
them to make best use of available health services, to encourage them to change their attitude
towards their own health and to improve the health of the family and the community at large.
Contents of Health Education it can be any of these: Human biology, personal hygiene,
nutrition, environment, prevention of accidents, prevention of communicable diseases,
reproductive health, population control, mental health, etc. [15]
Seasonal conduct and Health-
There are six seasons in a year involving one season with two months. Occasional direct is
shown to forestall ailments, which happen because of vitiation of doshas as per each ritu. The
lopsided characteristics of doshas happen because of numerous elements, of which ritu
assumes a significant job. In Hemantaritu, the atmosphere will begin getting colder and
because of it body of an individual agreement remotely and shutting the warmth outlets in the
skin, with the goal that the amassed warmth will expand the stomach related intensity of the
individual. So one should take sweet, sharp and pungent food in huge amounts. Body ought
to be rubbed with oil. Food comprises of fat, meat arrangements, wines and so forth. High
temp water must be utilized for all reasons. One should open his body to brilliant daylight. A
similar method can be followed in Sisira. When Vasantha seasons begins, the daylight will
melt the collected kapha and begin vitiating the stomach related intensity of the individual.
The kapha ought to be expelled first and foremost by overseeing solid emetics and nasal
medicine. One should take great food, palatable exercise and utilization of dry Udvarthana so
as to expel fa from the body. Day time resting is carefully restricted. One ought not take
overwhelming, pungent, harsh or sweet food in the season. In Greeshma season, one ought
not take sharp, pungent and acrid things. Just light activities in the first part of the day are
invited. Food must be of sweet, acrid and effectively edible. Washing ought to be embraced
with cold water. Wines should never be flushed. In Varsha there is an opportunity of vitiation
of tridosha. In this way, in the start of Varsha season, people must be given emetics,
laxatives, douche and so on so as to clean internal organ. Mudga likewise be given, as it is
effectively edible. One should utilize shoes. The food must comprise of sharp, pungent and
greasy substances in Sharad, the amassed pitta will get energized because of splendid sun. So
as to lighten it one should utilize ghee arranged with severe tasting spices. One ought to
maintain a strategic distance from fat, oil, curds, day time rest, antacids and so forth.
Laxatives must be regulated in time. [16]
Daily duties and health-
Day by day obligations assume a significant job in the guideline, of the body as well as of
the psyche.
• One ought to get up around three hours before dawn and should clear bladder and gut.
[17]
• He should clean his teeth and tongue. [18] [19]
• Wash the mouth with oil. [20]
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• One ought to apply Anjana consistently to the eye.[21] Nasal prescription with Anutaila
[22]and sedated smoking ought to be done.[23]
• Abhyanga with oil ought to be done particularly on head, ears and feet. [24]
• Vyayama(exercise)should be directed till he gets exhaustion following oil knead. [25]
• Snana – after exercise one ought to have a shower. It builds the stomach related force. It
keeps the psyche in lovely disposition. [26]
• Clean articles of clothing and decorations ought to be worn [27] [28]
• Common urges: Concealment of any regular urge causes certain infections. There are 13
inclinations, all of which can be a factor of certain sicknesses and consequently
abbreviates the life expectancy. [29]
• Modesty (Brahmacharya: The semen, which holds unmistakable quality among other
fine components has got additional expected forces in the body. It, ought to be along
these lines utilized with control. [30]
• Rest: There is a disciplinary code of taking rest. The proportion of the rest required for
wellbeing varies in people. Sound rest is valuable for long life. [31]
Food and health-
Food is the reason for body quality appearance and vitality. Useful food is one, which keeps
the individual sound and assists with keeping up the ordinary elements of the body. Love to
wrong food propensities lead to ailments. Chosen food arrangements like Mandam, Peya,
Vilepi and so forth., are helpful in various wellbeing conditions.
Food for child:
Supplement dietary articles which are required for the arrangement of solid doshas
Food for adult:
Supplement dietary articles in satisfactory amount to look after harmony of doshas.
Food for old-age:
Supplement dietary articles which capture degenerative changes and restore homoeostasis.
Health care of mother child and old age people-
Ayurveda gives one of anideas about the arrangement and advancement of undeveloped
organism in the belly of the mother. It depicts the techniques to be embraced for considering
offspring of an ideal sex, appearance and acumen. The food, drink and different regimens of
the mother during pregnancy and before origination, during the time of fruitfulness are
portrayed to decide the trademark highlights both clairvoyant and physical of the posterity.
Maternal Health-
As the mother’s health determines the health of the future generation,Ayurveda has
considered this aspect in very detail. Maternal health care can beclassified into
(a) Antenatal care
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(b) Natal care and
(c) Post-natal care
Antenatal Care-
During pregnancy the nutrition of the foetus is from the mother. So hernutrition should be
taken care of.
Regimen to Be FollowedinAntenatal Period-
first month - Madhuyashtyadi, sweets of ksheerakakoli include devadaru or powder of dry
dark grapes,white and red sandalwood
second month - Milk with kakoli gathering of medications
third month - Drink milk with ghee and honey
fourth month - Milk with butterRice with curd
fifth month - Milk with rice, leaves of dadima.
sixth month - Diet of milk with ghee which is blended in with sweet gatherings of
medications, rice blended in with ghee, bala, gokshura
seventh month - Milk alongside ghee which is blended in with kakoli gathering of
medications, drink gokshura, musta, honey and so forth
eighth month - Rice overflowed with milk, or milk and ghee alongside lamb soup
ninth month - Rice bubbled in milk alongside honey and soup (mansaras)
tenth month - Rice overflowed with milk alongside ghee and soup (mansarasa) [32]
The regimens, diet and month to month look at up planned are totally arranged in to an
outline and it is made accessible at the Ayurvedic maternity home. This will help in the
Ayurvedic maternal care.
Natal Care-
Ayurveda has a significant job in the natal consideration and the administration of the
conveyance intricacies and so on like utilization of taila is accomplished for three purposes.
(1) To quicken the component of work by expanding the versatility of the muscle strands
(2) To forestall further entanglements. Early inconvenience is fundamentally draining and
later there might be a prolapse
(3) To decrease muscle exhaustion.
There are different aged arrangements portrayed in Ayurveda. This incorporate sura, asava
and so on. These are utilized to calm pain.[33] Both the Asthapana and Anuvasana kinds of
bowel purge re-establish the vayu to its typical condition. The pregnant ladies after the ninth
month up to the hour of conveyance should take fluid food like slop made of ghee and so
forth [34]
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Post Natal Care-
This is the most well known part of the Ayurvedic maternity care. During this period all
safety measures ought to be taken in organization of diet sedate and other routine with the
goal that the lady comes back to the ordinary wellbeing. Following conveyance balataila
ought to be applied. A couple of drops of this oil ought to be given inside with a hot
decoction of medication that lighten vata. Oil back rub ought to be given every day. A huge
piece of material ought to be tied around her mid-region to maintain a strategic distance from
distension. Susruta has recommended the admission of ghee and pancakola for 2 to 3 days
after conveyance for amending the anomaly in any release. After commonality, slop of milk
and unctuous substance arranged with vidarigandhadi gathering of medications ought to be
taken for 3 additional days, and mamsarasa and yusha ought to likewise be given.[35]
Diet During Lactation-
Initial 2 or 3 days after conveyance, rice slop arranged with ghee and milk, Panchakola with
ghee or oil or meat soup, rice slop arranged with vidarigandha, decoction of satavari, yava,
kola, kulattha and so forth can be given. [36]
Child Health-
Child are the fate of a nation. Healthy childrens manufacture a sound country. He is
additionally viewed as the hero of his folks.
Diet for The New Born-
Mother milk is the principle food. Be that as it may, for the initial 3 to 4 days, this isn't
accessible. Thus an option however valuable nourishment for the new born is to be given.
first day - The kid ought to be taken care of multiple times. A bunch (Childs' own hand) of
ghee and nectar blended in with the powder of the underlying foundations of Ananta. second
&3 days - Ghee arranged with Lakshmana root fourth day - Took care of twice. A bunch of
nectar and ghee. [37] This sort of routine is proposed to
(a) Improve the immune status.
(b) Attain bala.
(c) Gain intelligence & memory.
Dietfor The Young Children-
As this is the growing age, children need a lot of energy and this can besupplemented by
providing them with a nutritious, energy rich balanced dietDifferent types of preparations
having good nutritive value like mudga,yusha and gruel prepared with boiled rice now-a-days
which are included under the middaymeal programmes at the schools has been explained in
Ayurveda.
Family Planning-
Ayurvedic sterilization and contraceptive prescriptions like flowers ofjapa, pippalyadichoorna
etc.[38] mentioned in the early works are successfully used in the
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villages of India even today. In the field of maternal and child healthcare Ayurveda has
tremendous scope.
Geriatrics-
According to Ayurveda, old age begins from 70yrs onwards. This is astate of degeneration of
body elements and mental faculties. They are prone to developdiseases because of the poor
immunity status produced as the result of dhatukshya.Physical activities are also decreased.
"Rasayana cannot be done because it should bepreceded by Sodhana therapy which is contra
indicated in old age." They need supportand care from the society; so we can help them by
providing supportive therapy.
Preventionand Controlof Communicable Diseases-
Man is the part of nature; so the changes in nature reflect in humanbeings. Acharya Charaka
has described the causes of epidemic and endemic diseases –vitiation of Desa, Kala, Jala,
Vata etc. in Janapadodhwansaniya chapter.[39]
Soil Pollution-
It can be corrected with -
• Tree plantation-this will cover the soil and retain water in the soil.
Air Pollution-
• Selective tree plantation is the right method. In Ayurveda the plantation ofOcimum
sanctum is advised
• Azadiracta indica-powerful action against insect growth.
• Camphor tree –gives aromatic smell.
• The HOMA or burning of cow ghee and rice is the most scientific method topurify home
atmosphere.
Water Pollution-
According to Susruta, water can be purified in two ways.
(a) Marjana - water is boiled or made warm by sunlight.
(b) Prasadana – By adding Strychnus potatorum(clearing-nut).
Short Team Prevention
It includes the eliminating therapies.
Long Term Prevention
It includes Rasayana, Vajeekarana etc.
The presentation of Ayurveda is in such a manner, as to make the people aware of the health
and can play the role in the promotion of primary health.
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Conclusion
Public health today is picking up force all finished, and is a good sign for customary clinical
frameworks to get their place to satisfy the need of the day. Public health as a heading is
mostly observed as a piece of or the same stream to community medicine. Be that as it may,
the ancient text of Ayurveda additionally described certain standards of public health in its
own figures of speech. Despite the fact that the ancient text of Ayurveda portrayed numerous
standards, for example, infectious diseases, immunity and nutrition. Ayurveda is the best
decision for accomplishing the objective of individual health alongside public health.
The present record is a hypothetical way to deal with the idea of health and public health
which doesn't clearly obtain entrance in to the subtleties of the standards and practices of
public health. The classical text of Ayurveda described different standards applicable to the
current day general health practice. Ayurveda is generally utilized in India as an arrangement
of essential social insurance, and enthusiasm for it is becoming worldwide as well.[40]
However the basic regimens depicted in ancient text are of tremendous use in taking care of
general medical issues looked by the current present reality. The investigation is a survey on
the idea of general health and health in Ayurveda to sum things up however the above said
portrayals can likewise be concentrated in piecemeal to discover the pertinence and
reasonableness of utilizing Ayurveda as an approach to review rising and reappearing general
medical issues of the present day. Ayurveda are talked about quickly to build up the job of
Ayurveda in primary health care.Primary health care is expected to broaden the accessible
medicinal services offices to all population. The measures exhorted by Acharyas are so
significant in bringing the network health to an exceptionally significant level. Like present
day primary health care frameworks Ayurveda moreover gives higher status to health
instructions. The Acharyas wished prosperity of the universe.
The measures for the health care discussed here are easily practicable and can be
implemented without any burden to the community. Taking in to consideration of all these
factors, the role of Ayurveda in PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IS INEVITABLE.
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15. Community Medicine with Recent Advances by A.H. Suryakanta, Chapter 27
Information, Education and Communication, 4th Edition, 722.
16. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana, Tasyashitiya
adhyaya, 6/9-48, Edited with Vaidyamanorama Hindi commentary by Acharya Shukla
Vidyadhara and Proff.Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan,
Delhi,2013;106-120.
17. Acharya Vagbhata, Sarth vagbhata, Astanga Hridaya and its Marathi translation,
sutrasthana, DinacharyaAdhyaya, 2/1 Dr. Garde Ganesh Krishna, Chaukhamba
surabharati,prakashan,Varanasi, 2015;7
18. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana, Matrashitiya
Delhi,2013;98
Delhi,2013;99 20.
Book Name | 178

Delhi,2013;99-100
Delhi,2013;91
Delhi,2013;96
Vidyadhara and Proff.Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, Delhi,
2013;93
2013;101
25. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana,
Navegandharaniya adhyaya, 7/31-32, Edited with Vaidyamanorama Hindi commentary
by Acharya Shukla Vidyadhara and Proff.Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratisthan, Delhi, 2013;126
adhyaya, 5/94, Edited with Vaidyamanorama Hindi commentary by Acharya Shukla
2013;101
2013;101
2013;102
Navegandharaniya adhyaya, 7/27, Edited with Vaidyamanorama Hindi commentary by
Book Name | 179

Acharya Shukla Vidyadhara and Proff.Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Titrayshhaniyaadhyaya, 11/35, Edited with Vaidyamanorama Hindi commentary by
Acharya Shukla Vidyadhara and Proff.Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
31. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana, Astauninditiya
2013;305
32. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana, Astauninditiya
2013;305
33. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sutrasthana, Annapanvidhi
Vidyadhara and Proff. Tripathi Ravi Datta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, Delhi,
2013;408
34. Maharshi Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, volume I, Sharirsthan, Garbhinivyakarana sharir
Adhyaya, 10/5, Edited with Ayurveda-Tattva-Sandipika by kaviraj Ambikadatta Shastri
forward by Dr. Pranjavana Mehata,Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, 2014;99
35. Maharshi Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, volume I, Sharirsthan, Garbhinivyakarana sharir
Adhyaya, 10/18,19,20, Edited with Ayurveda-Tattva-Sandipika, by kaviraj Ambikadatta
Shastri forward by Dr. Pranjavana Mehata, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, 2014;103
36. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Sharirsthana, Jatisutriya sharir
2013;803
37. Acharya Vagbhata, Sarth vagbhata, Astanga Hridaya and its Marathi translation,
Uttarsthan, Balopacharaniya Adhyaya, 1/13-14 Dr. Garde Ganesh Krishna, Chaukhamba
surabharati, prakashan, Varanasi, 2015;354
38. AcharyaYogaratnakara, Yonivyapada/Garbhanivarana 1/4-6, with Vidyotini
rd
Hindicommentary by Vaidya Shrilaksmipatishastri, 3 Edition, chaukhamba prakashan,
Varanasi
39. Acharya charaka, Charaka Samhita of Agnivesh volume I, Vimansthana,
Janapadodhvansaniya Vimana adhyaya, 3/2-6, Edited with Vaidyamanorama
Hindicommentary by Acharya Shukla Vidyadhara and Proff. Tripathi Ravi Datta,
Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, Delhi, 2013;568-569
Book Name | 180

40. Hari Sharma, H.M. Chandola, Gurdip Singh, and Gopal Basisht-Utilization of Ayurveda
in health care: An Approach for prevention, health promotion and treatment of disease.
Part-2, Ayurveda in Primary Health Care. The Journal of Alternative and
Complementary Medicine.
Book Name | 181

Chapter - 27
Management of Chronic renal failure (CRF) through

Ayurveda – A Case Report
Dr.Punam Sawarkar*
Dr.Gaurav Sawarkar**
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease or chronic renal failure (CRF)is one of the clinical entity which
occurs as a result hampering of renal function due to many medical or systemic illness
developed due to current fast lifestyle. Many contributing factors mentioned modern texts
make vulnerable to conversion of the primary stage into end-stage disease, which have quite
expensive modalities having non confirming results in advanced stages.Ayurveda, an ancient
science, prefers to prevent or treat the disease in initial condition to avoid such complications.
Though CKD is directly not mentioned in Ayurveda, we can successfully overcome this
disease by application of two fundamental principles of Ayurveda i.e., root cause analysis and
treatment according to underlying pathophysiology involved in specific clinical conditions.
The present case study was taken up to evaluate the cumulative effect of
Shodhana&ShamanaChikitsa in CRF.
This is a case report of a male patient having age 69 years who was diagnosed as CRF before
five years & on regular conservative treatment in modern science. Due to failure in relief of
symptoms of CRF as well as persistent increase in values of serum creatinine & Serum Blood
urea,he approached to Panchakarma OPD MGACH&RC. He underwent Dashmooladi
Sasneha Niruha Vasti in addition to some proprietary as well as traditional Ayurvedic
medicines (Syp. Neeri KFT,Chandrapbha Vati, Punaranavdi Qwath, Gomutra Arka with
some specific drugs for lumbar spondylosis) for consecutive for one month & he got
significant relief in symptoms & reduction in values of serum creatinine & Serum Blood urea
from 4.89 to 1.21 & 64 to 50 respectively with a substantial decrease in systolic & diastolic
blood pressure. In addition to these changes,noticeable results were found in patients' quality
of life, including overallfunctional capacity, improvement in appetite,relief in constipation,
and absence of lassitude without any adverse effects of therapy.This case studywill become
* Associate Professor, Department of Panchakarma,

Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved college Hospital and Research Centre, Salod, Datta Meghe
Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
drsuple.punam@gmail.com
**
AssociateProfessor, Department of Rachana sharir,
Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved college Hospital and Research Centre, Salod, Datta Meghe
Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University),Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
drsawarkar.gaurav@gmail.com
Book Name | 182

helpful in planning further research studies on a large sample size to develop a cost-effective
standard regime in Ayurveda as an alternative safe treatment to avoid dialysis in advanced
stages of CRF.
Keywords: CRF,Dialysis, Dashmooladi Sasneha Niruha Vasti, Syp Neeri KFT, Gomutra
ArkaShamana, cost-effective therapy
Introduction:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical condition where hampering of kidney function
progressively takes place over months or years. If not treated at an early stage or ignored at
the primary level, it can convert into some life-threatening conditions. Many developing
countries have a high prevalence of CKD. The occurrence of the prevalence of CKD in India
varies from 0.79% to 1.4%, and the incidence rate of its conversion into end-stage kidney
disease was estimated to be 181 per million population in 2005 [1].It most common entity
which generally occurs in persons having age between 40 -60 years. Factors such as age, sex,
hypertension, diabetes, athereosceloris, overuse of painkillers,Obesityhyperuricemia, area of
residence, and economic status have a strong positive independent correlation with
progressive CKD [2].Among them, prolonged hypertension and consumption of analgesic
medicines are the most contributing factors for developing CKD [3], which induces damage
to nephrons and renal parenchyma, resulting in decreased blood filtration capacity of the
kidney. Due to the current era of modernization, all the above causative pathologies in the
form of lifestyle disorders are flourishingday by day, which may become favorable
conditions for developing CKD.
CKD has five stages of clinical manifestations with deterioration in renal function in
successive order. Primary pathology involved in this disease is glomerulonephritis, or chronic
kidney infections which diminishes the capacity of renal tissue to filter the blood & metabolic
toxins doesn't get eliminated from blood and get saturated in the blood which yield impaired
& higher levels of serum blood urea as well as serum creatinine with some specific clinical
features such as the decreased output of urine, Hematuria or proteinuria (especially
albuminuria) and swelling over the body (pitting edema) which occurs due to obstructions of
channels in blood circulation as a result of stagnation of harmful substance like Urea. This
condition is generally presented with mild impairment in biochemical parameters, including
renal profile initially followed by specific clinical features or vice versa also. Identification &
treatment of underlying causes aregenerally applied to achieve restoration of kidney function
& to check the process of converting disease into end-stage.Treatment at the primary level in
this disease becomes mandatory. It is avery frustrating disease in advanced stage due to its
non-responding nature even to dialysis, which is quite expensive therapy in such conditions.
Previous various case studies show that there are increasing chances ofdeveloping
complicationsin the form of bleeding, infection, vascular thrombosis, and transplant rejection
due to dialysis and renal transplantation, which are conventional measures of CKD
management. In addition to these,both interventions are quitecost expensive.Considering all
the scenarios mentioned above, an hour is needed to search for some alternative, cost-
effective & safe therapy in alternative medicine for the management of CKD.
Book Name | 183

In Ayurveda, CKD can be correlated various 13 conditions of Motraghata which are
Tridoshaja in nature and where the formation of urine get hampered due to intrinsic as well
as some extrinsic factors e.g., Suppression of Mala, Mutra, Apan Vayu & Shukra,Ruksha
Padartha Sevana&Tikshna Aushadha &Annapanawhich are narrated under term Mootravaha
strotodushti Hetu.Among them, factors affecting Medovaha Strotase,g. obesity is also
responsible for that which is supported by modern scienceeven [4,5,6].
The termMootraghata is known as obstruction in urination or defect in the formation of
urine. Arrival of Vata Prakopaoccurred due to those as mentioned above, external and
internal causative factors in the Bastiregion, which is the primary location for Samprapti
ofMootraghata. By taking into consideration, the relation of CKD with Mootraghata due to
similarity in symptomsand a review of Mootraghata with its different causative pathologies,
Sthoulyahara(anti-obesity),Mootrala or Mootraghatahara orChikitsa inShotha Vyadhiare
generally preferredfor CKD.
The present case study is an excellent example of a safe & effective alternative approach of
CKD management with Ayurvedic principles.
Patient Information
68-years old male patient was clinically diagnosed as a CKD case with HTNpresented with
following chief complaints for 5-6 years. It was associated with stiffness and pain in the
lumbar region, distension of abdomen, loss of appetite and constipation, pallor, lassitude, and
difficulty in doing his normal day-to-day activities walking, sitting, squatting, and taking a
bath independently [Table 1].
Progression of Disease
The patient was suffering from lumbar spondylosis & obesity for 30-35 years.Due to severe
low backache,he used to take analgesic from counter prescription weekly thrice.He was
diagnosed with HTN at the age of 20 years. So, he was prescribed antihypertensive medicine
from age 20 years by a general physician, and it was going on to date.But before 5-6 years, he
was recurrently suffered from specific complaints such as swelling all over the body,
including puffiness of face,distention in abdomen, bipedal edema, hesitancy while
micturition, recurrent UTI with persistently raised both systolic as well as diastolic bold
pressure & headache. .So his relatives consulted with the cardiologist at Yavatamal, and he
advised some routine investigations such as USG Abdomen with pelvis &liver, kidney &
lipid profile. Among them, lipid & liver profile was healthy. Still, USG Abdomen with
pelvis shows a small hyperechoic kidney that suggests chronic medical disease. There were
high values of serum creatinine & serum blood urea, which was persistent high than the
normal range till Ayurveda intervention. So the cardiologist started appropriate treatmentto
him, including Tab soda mint with strict prohibition of concomitant analgesic medicine. But
despite taking this treatment for five years continuously, there were many fluctuations in
renal profile & persistent status of clinical features. So, after six years, he approached to
Ayurveda medicine with his relatives.
Book Name | 184

• Family history
History of hereditary obesity in parents & Siblings
Father known case of IHD & HTN
• History
➢ Patient was known evidence of HTN from the age of his 20 years
➢ Obesity for more than 45 years
➢ Lumbar spondylosis due to degenerative changes in lumber spines since 30-35 years
➢ Chronic constipation since 30 -35 years
➢ Hyperureimia since five years
➢ Recurrent UTI since 2-3 years
• Personal history
➢ Diet History- Craving for non-vegetarian diet ( weekly 5-6 times)
➢ Lifestyle Style- Sedentary lifestyle due to his business with the daily habit of
Diwaswapa
➢ Bowel habit- Irregular & unsatisfactory bowel habits
➢ Drug History-
✓ The patient had taken analgesics for 30-35 years for lumbar pain (approximate
weekly thrice). He was advised to restrict the use of analgesic& fruit intake after
his diagnosis as CKD.
✓ Antihypertensive medicine: Tab Prolomet 5/50 mg 1 OD &Tab Prozppress 15 mg
1 od since 49 years
✓ Tab Sodamint 1 tab bd since five years
➢ Addiction History-Not specific
• Clinical Findings:
➢ Local examination
On the day of the primary assessment, there was swelling all over the body, bipedal
edema & puffiness over the face. The patient couldn't stand or walk without support
& he was brought in a wheelchair. SLRT was positive on both sides at 35 degrees
with sciatic notch tenderness on both sides. Abdomen was distended but without
everted umbilicus.
➢ Ashtavidha Pariksha
Nadi –Vatakaphaja
Mala-Grathit,(Hard &unsatisfactory)
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Mootra – Shania shnanei,Sadaha (Frequent burning micturition with&unsatisfactory
feeling of complete evacuation of bladder)
Jivha –Alpasaama
Druk-Spashta
Shabda-Karkash
Akruti-Sthoola
➢ General examinations
Pulse:-84/min
Weight -113 kg (at the time of primary assessment)
B.P.-160/100 mm/Hg ( in supine position at the time of primary assessment)
RS –Clear
CVS-S1S2 Normal
• Diagnostic Assessment
The patient's diagnosis was made as CKD with HTN & Cervical Spondylosis
(Moootraghatawith Gridhasi)with the help of a history of complaints, medication,
clinical signs & symptoms as well as previous reports of biochemical tests & USG
findings.[Table No.2]
• Therapeutic Intervention:
Treatment planned & given in this patient is mentioned inTable No.3.
• Observation and Results
After the successful intervention of the treatment as mentioned earlier regime consecutive
for one month, there was a significant reduction in weight as well as a considerable
improvement in clinical features such as absence of puffiness of face & bipedal edema.
There was no hesitancy during micturition with a lack of burning sensation in urine, relief
in constipation, improvement in appetite, absence of lassitude, and aid in low backache
with loss of stiffness in the lumbar region.
• In biochemical parameters, there was a significant reduction in serum creatinine(from
4.89 to 1.81 in 1 month) as well as blood urea(from 64 to 50mg /dl) with a decrease in the
percentage of urine albumin. In addition to above findings, there was one interesting
finding that blood pressure of that patient came to normal range i.e., 130/90 mm/Hg after
one month of intervention which was persistently at higher range(above than 160/100
mm/hg) despite taking his routine Antihypertensive drug in contemporary science.[Table
No.4 &5]
Book Name | 186

Discussion
➢ Discussion on disease
This is the typical case of Santarpanyajanya Vyadhi& complication of Dooshivisha, taken in
the form of analgesic for long duration leading to the generation of Mootraghata. There are a
total of 13 types of Mootraghata narrated in various Ayurvedacompendiums.Among them,
this patient had combined symptoms of Mootrasada (due to burning micturition),Mootra
Jathara (distension below umbilicus& all over the abdomen, indigestion, retention of urine &
Stool),Mootratsanga(some urine is obstructed & after some time it get micturate with or
without paindue to vitiation of Vata or Kha Vaigunya) &Mootrakshaya(scanty
urination).There was vitiation of mainly Vata&Kapha Dosha in the pathogenesis of all the
above clinical conditions. Therefore, mainly Vata-Kaphaharatreatment was applied in this
patient.
Main important causative factors or Hetu e.g., Santarpanajnya &Abhishayndi Ahara(daily
Non-veg diet), Vihara (chronic constipation, daily habit of Diwaswapa which is considered
as one of Medovaha Strotodushti Hetu, sedentary profession), the lengthy history of HTN
since 49 years which is the one of primary cause along with DM for development of CRF
[7]& long term consumption of analgesic for consecutive 30 -35 years (which is nephrotoxic)
cumulatively induced Stotovaigunya in Basti Pradesh& Vitiation of Kapha as well as
obstruction in channels of Vatain this patient and kidney damage with the destruction of renal
tissue was carried out.In this patient,HTN, since prolonged duration, plays a crucial role in
the pathogenesis of CRF by inducing parenchymal damage within the kidney and a
provocation of further deterioration of kidney function [8].The second contributing factor in
this patient is the intake of Analgesics (Tab.combiflame), and non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs, which is the most cause induces Kidneypapillary necrosis and chronic
interstitial nephritis converting into progressive Kidney failure [9, 10].
All the above factors lead to KaphaPrakopa& hampers Vayu's normal Gati or movement,
especially Apanavayu.It had resulted in the disturbance in the elimination of Mala. Mootra&
flatus leads into the development of clinical features of Mootraghata e.g., hesitancy while
micturition,distention in abdomen,swelling all over body, etc.Due to improper/incomplete
evacuation of Mootra from the urinary bladder, there was the stagnation of turbid urine,
which leads to favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms such as E. Coli,
resulting in recurrent UTI in this case.
➢ Discussion on treatment
All the above causative factors &specific pathology induced by them were taken into
consideration while treating this patient.Though all the Tridoshas have importance in the
pathogenesis of CRF, Kapha is highly responsible for obstruction of microvessels in kidney
&VataDosha chiefly inducesdegeneration of the structure of the kidney which ultimately
cumulatively lead to progressive CRF. Therefore, drugs having properties of Lekhana,
Mootrala&Rasayana are selected here for treatmentof CKD to repair previously
damagedtissue&to avoid further damage since all drugs involved in the given treatment
Book Name | 187

regime have abilities to remove blockages &to improve qualities of fabrics due to their
scrapping effect.Lekhana Properties of all medicines are required to treat this patient since
CKD is a Mootra Dosh Vikar, and both Kidney i.e., Vrukka described in Samhita, which is
the root of Medovaha Srotas, so ultimately Meda Pachana Chikitsa is expected here.History
of obesity & current weight gain in this patient was one of another reason to adopt such type
of treatment [11].
LocalSnehana (from lumbar region to both lower limbs) & local Nadi Swedana-Induces
improvement in blood circulation & remove waste material from that region. It decreases
swelling in local tissue& acts as an excellent muscle relaxant. It accentuates the effect of
Niruha Vasti, which was administered latter. Vata-Pacifying, analgesic & anti-inflammatory
effect of local Snehana&Nadi Swedanais explained by Sawarkar et al. .2018 [12].
Sasneha Niruha Vasti-As Niruha Basti is considered a minor alternative to dialysis in CRF as
per Manish V. Patel et al. (2011) [13].All drugs, including decoction of Dashmool+
Triphala+Punaranava+Musta+Ashwagandha with Honey, Saindhava, Sahachara Oil
&Avapa with Gomutra were utilized in Niruha Vastiwhich is Lekhana &Vatakaphaghnain
nature & this type of Vastiis useful in Santarpanyajanya Vyadhi.It induces Vatanulomana,
especially Apanavayu, due to its Vataghana, Shothahara&Mootrala effect.
Medicines used for Dashamooladi Niruha Vasti i.e., Dashmoola, Triphala, Guduchi &
Punaranava, and Musta exhibit antioxidants anti-inflammatory and detoxification activities
due to their Rasayana, Tridoshaharaand Amapachaka properties which help to rejuvenate
damaged capillaries, removal of atherosclerosis, improve blood circulation and GFR.It is a
type of Tikshana Vasti, which induces irritant effectdue to its high potency, which is
increased by Avapa of Kshara i.e., Gomutra.While Sahachara oil used in Niruha Vasti as
Sneha not only removes obstruction but also increases blood circulation to that region due to
its Vata –Kaphahahara properties [14].
Kamdhenu Gomutra Ark:According to Ayurvedic Samhita, Gomutra is termed as Ushana,
Tikshna, Kapaha Medaghana Lekhana, Mootrala, Karshana, and Vishaghna,
speciallyindicated in Kapha &Meda vitiated Sanatarapanajunya conditions. Deepaka,
Pachaka, Srothovivarana properties of Gomutra is also explained based on its features by
Sawarkar et al. (2018)[15]As it has above different properties it was prescribed for oral use in
Shamana quantity(15 ml BD, with warm 50 ml water, empty stomach in morning and
evening in the evening as well as in Niruha Vasti in this case.In this case, it becomes helpful
due to its Vishahara(detoxification) property to eliminate the residual toxic effects of
prolonged consumption of analgesics. It’s bio-enhancing,antioxidant,immuno-
modulator,apoptosis & antimicrobial activity became helpful in CRF.
Chandraprabha Vati-Due to its Mootrala&Shotahhara properties, it smoothly induces
Anulomana of Apanavayu. It reduces symptoms of UTI with its Shothaahra & antibacterial
property.It produces Rasayana effect over Mootravaha Srotas due to its Kledahara Property.
Due to its Lekhana property, it cures vitiation of Kaphaand Vata Doshas[16].
Book Name | 188

Syp Neeri KFT –Proprietary medicine by Aimil Pharma helps increase glomerular filtration
rate and creatine clearance due to its properties of nephrotonic, Antioxidant &
immunomodulation in CRF. Nephroprotective role of Neeri-KFT is proved by Anil et al.
2016 [17]. It protects the kidney naturally with scientifically proven herbs such as
Boerhaavia diffusa, Tinospora cordifolia, Nelumbo nucifera, Butea monosperma, Tribulus
terrestris, Moringa oleifera, Veteveria zizanioides, Crataeva nurvala, Amaranthus spinosus,
etc. along with some classical Ayurvedic formulations like Panchtrinmoola used in its
preparation.
Gandharva Haritaki powder-Mrudu&Snigdha Anulomaka nature of Gandharva Haritaki
powder induces smooth & regular Stool elimination without causing Vata's vitiation. Nitya
Virechana, with Gandharva Haritaki, is the best remedy to resolve constipation in disease
having the involvement of the Apanava Vayu& Lumber region(Kati Pradesh ), which is the
leading site of Apan Vayu. The use of such type of Mrudu Virechana is recommended in Vata
predominant disorders and diseases situated in central locations of Vata Dosha [18].
Rasnasaptaka Qwath-Vata Kapahahara nature of Rasnasaptaka Qwathreduces symptoms of
Katigata Vata& relives stiffness & pain in Gridhasi with its Vata Shamaka&Dipana property
[19].
Punarnavadi Qwath–Induces Shothahara action by potentiating Mootraleffect. Punanava,
Guduchi, Gokshura in Punaranavadi Qwath has Rasayana effect.This effect improves the
Jatharagni& functional capacity of patients [20].It increases glomerular filtration rate due to
its neuroprotective nature.
Tab Shallaki XT-Proprietary medicine by Guffic pharmacy, which is excellent muscle
relaxant in nature & reduces symptoms of Gridhasi due to Vata Kaphahara Property of
Nirgundi &Shallaki, which are the main ingredients of this medicine. The role of Tab shallaki
XT in the musculoskeletal entity is very well elaborated by Punam Sawarkar et al. (2018)
[21].
Significant reduction in Serum blood urea & serum creatinine was observed in this patient
may be due to diuretic action of Chandraprabha Vati&Punaranavadi Qwath. Tikta Rasa of
Punaravadi Qwath and Rooksha-Tikshana Guna of Shodhana Vasti help to digest Ama,
induces Stotoshodhana effect by removing vitiation of Rasa Dhatu. After intervention, a
significant reduction in serum creatinine indicates improvement in glomerular filtration rate
and the increased capability of the kidneys to eliminate waste products through
urine.Significant results are induced in this casedue tothe cumulative action of All the drugs
mentioned above, including Dashamooladi Niruha Vasti, by their properties such as
Strotoshodhanaka, Kledanashana, Mootrala, Vata –Kaphahara, Rasayana as well as effects
such as counter-irritant, antioxidant & rejuvenation.
Conclusion
The present case study is a good example showing dreadful impacts of faulty lifestyle &
consumption of counter medicine without prescription & consultation with physician. Due to
Book Name | 189

rational approach of Ayurveda treatment applied in such patient by using basic principles of
Ayurveda& by taking pathology in relations with its causative factors into consideration, it
clears that Ayurveda can efficiently manage such condition with similar symptoms in the
early stage of disease without causing any undue effect with multiple secondary benefits also.
The progression of disease into a further phase can be prevented in such patients to avoid
interventions in advanced stages such as dialysis & to avoid financial burden over society.
Further & extensive research is needed with a similar response in a large sample sizeto
establish its utility in CRF. Simultaneously, exploring various causative factors with their
specific pathologies in the same clinical conditions should be done on a priority basis to yield
the maximum benefits of such therapy. This case study may become a ray of hope for the
patient having CRF.
Table 1: Nature of chief complaints
A Chief complaints Duration Grade
1 Swelling all over the body(edema ) 5-6Years 2
Edema Score
No edema : 0
Slight pitting 2mm, : 1
disappears.
rapidly
Deep pitting 4mm, disappears : 2
in 10-15secs.
Deeper pitting 6mm, may last : 3
> 1 min.
2 Frequent but scanty micturition 5-6Years 3+
3 Hesitancy while micturition 5-6Years 3+
4 Constipation (Irregular & unsatisfactory 30-35 years 3+
with straining )
5 Loss of appetite(Anorexia) 5-6Years 2+
Takes full diet and also the : 0
presence of proper appetite at the
next meal hour
Presence of moderate appetite and : 1
proper appearance of appetite in
next meal hour
Presence of moderate appetite but : 2
delayed appearance of appetite in
Book Name | 190

next meal hour
Presence of low appetite and : 3
delayed appearance of appetite in
next meal hour
6 Lassitude(Tiredness without doing any 2-3 years 3+
physical exertion)
No Lassitude : 0
Occasional feeling of tiredness on : 1
light activity
Constant feeling of tiredness on : 2
heavy activity
Feeling tiredness all the time : 3
7 Distension of abdomen 2-3 years 2+
B Associated complaints
1 Stiffness in lumber region 30-35 years 2+
2 Pain in lumber region (VAS Score ) 30-35 years 8+
3 Difficulty in doing his normal day-to-day 5-6 years 3+
activities such as walking, sitting,
squatting, and taking bath independently
4 Dryness of mouth 2-3 years 3+
Table no.2:-Diagnostic Assessment:

Investigation 06/05/15 15/06/15 03/08/15 23/08/15 27/07/18 17/07/19 20/11/19 14/12/19
Weight - - - - - 113 112 102
HB% - - 9.5 - - - 9.9 10.8
Blood Urea - - 59.8 78.4 76.82 57 64 50
Sr.Creatinine 3.9 4.23 2.8 3.9 3.53 3.38 4.89 1.21
Sr.Sodium - - 139 140 134 136 146 140
Sr.Chloride - - 4.8 5.3 3.6 3.9 4.5 4.5
Sr.Uric acid - - - 10.3 - - - -
Urine ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +
albumin
Book Name | 191

Table No.3 :Treatment given
S Type of treatment Drug Dose Time of Anupana Dur
N administrati atio
. on n
A Shodhana Chikitsa
1 Local Snehana Til taila - Before - 10
(From lumber Niruha Vasti days
region to both lower
limbs)
2 Local Nadi swedana Dashmool Qwath - Before - 10
Niruha Vasti days
3 Sasneha Niruha Decoction 800ml Between - 10
Vasti (Dashmool+Triph 9.30a.m.- days
ala+Punaranava+ 11.30a.m.
Musta+Ashwagan with empty
dha) 700ml stomach
+Honey
15gms+Saindhava
10
grams+Sahachara
Oil 30 ml
+Gomutra 30 ml
B Shamana Chikitsa
1 Gomutra Arka - 15ml BD 7a.m.-5p.m. 50 1
lukewarm mont
water h
2 Chandraprabha - 250 mg Before meal Lukewarm 1
Vati TDS water mont
h
3 Tab Neeri KFT - 10 ml BD After meal Lukewarm
water
4 Gandharva Haritaki - 10gmsH.S. At bedtime Lukewarm
powder water
5 Rasnasaptaka - Each 15ml Before Meal Lukewarm
Qwath + BD waterin
Punaranavadi double
Qwath quantity
Book Name | 192

6 Tab Shallaki XT - 1 tab BD After meal Lukewarm
water
Observation and Results

Table no.4: -Assessment of clinical features
SN. Symptoms Before Treatment After 1 month
(Grade) treatment (Grade)
1 Swelling all over body 2 0
2 Frequent but scanty micturition 3 0
3 Hesitancy while micturition 3 0
4 Constipation (Irregular & 3 0
unsatisfactory with straining)
5 Loss of appetite(Anorexia) 2 0
6 Lassitude 3 1
7 Distension of abdomen 2 0
8 Stiffness in lumber region 2 1
9 Pain in lumber region (VAS Score) 8 2
10 Difficulty in doing his normal day-to- 3 1
day activities suchas walking, sitting,
squatting, and taking bath
independently
11 Dryness of mouth 3 0
Table no.5:-Assessment of biochemical investigations

SN. Type of Investigation Before Treatment After treatment
(After 1 month)
1 Weight 112 102
2 HB % 9.9 10.8
3 Blood Urea 64 50
4 Sr.Creatinine 4.89 1.21
5 Sr.Sodium 146 140
6 Sr.Chloride 4.5 4.5
7 Urine albumin ++ +
Book Name | 193

References
1. Europepmc.org/abstract/MED/20979955, Assessed on dated 22 April,2020 (22.10
IST)
2. Gupta Mahesh Chand, Trilok chand A Critical review on commonly used herbal
drugs in CKD, JMPS 2015; 3(4): 44-47
3. Sandler DP, Smith JC, Weinberg CR, Buckalew VM, Dennis VW, Blythe WB et al.
Analgesic Use and Chronic Renal Disease. N Engl J Med. 1989; 320(19):1238-43
4. Agnivesa’s Caraka Samhita Text with English translation & critical exposition based
on Chakrapani Datta’s Ayurveda Dipika By Dr. Ram Karan Sharma and Vaidya
Bhagvan Dash, Volume II, Published by Choukhamba Sanskrit Series Office,
Varanasi, Edition – Reprint Vimana Sthan, Chapter 5, Slok no 10, 2010, 177.
Bhagvan Dash, Volume II, Published by Choukhamba Sanskrit Series Office,
Varanasi, Edition - Reprint, Vimana Sthan, Chapter 5, Slok no 20, 2010; 179.
6. Gupta Mahesh Chand, Trilok chand A Critical review on commonly used herbal
drugs in CKD, JMPS 2015; 3(4): 44-47
7. G. S. Prashanth, M. S. Baghel, B. Ravishankar, S. N. Gupta, and Miten P. MehtaA
clinical comparative study of the management of chronic renal failure with
Punarnavadi compound, Ayu. 2010 Apr-Jun; 31(2): 185–192
9. Bennett WM, DeBroe ME. Analgesic nephropathy a preventable renal disease. N
Engl J Med.
1989;320:1269. [PubMed: 2710205]
10. Pintér I, Mátyus J, Czégány Z, Harsányi J, Homoki M, Kassai M, et al. Analgesic
nephropathy in Hungary: The HANS study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:840–3.
[PubMed: 15031338]
Bhagvan Dash, Volume II, Published by ChoukhambaSanskrit Series Office,
Varanasi, Edition – Reprint Vimana Sthan, Chapter 5, Slok no 10, 2010, 177.
12. Gaurav Sawarkar*1 Punam Sawarkar Contribution of Ayurveda in management of
Asthimajja Vidradhi (Chronic infective Osteomyletis) - A Case Report” Ayurlog:
National Journal of Research in Ayurved Science- 2018; (6)(4):
Book Name | 194

13. Manish V. Patel et.al.(2011), S. N. Gupta, and Nimesh G. Patel. Effects of Ayurvedic
treatment on 100 patients of chronic renal failure (other than diabetic nephropathy),
Ayu. 2011 Oct-Dec; 32(4): 483–486.
14. Gaurav Sawarkar, Punam Sawarkar. Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head,
Joinsysmed 2016, vol 4(1), p 46-50.
15. GauravSawarkar, Punam Sawarkar. Management of obsessive compulsive disorder
(OSD) through Ayurveda. J. Ind. Sys. Med. 2018;6(3):157-165
16. Gaurav Sawarkar, Punam Sawarkar. Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head,
Joinsysmed 2016, vol 4(1), p 46-50.
17. Manish Kr. Tiwari1, Sanchit Sharma2, Ikshit Sharma2, Parveen Kr. Goyal3, Santosh
Kr. Verma1, Amit Barwal1, Anil Kr. Sharma Nephroprotective Role Of Neeri-Kft (A
Polyherbal Formulation) Against Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity In
Experimental Rat Model: A Pre-Clinical Study,ejpmr, 2016,3(8), XXX-XXX
18. Mohan M, Sawarkar P. Ayurvedic management of Gridhrasi with special respect to
sciatica: a case report. J Indian Sys Medicine 2019;7:131-8.
19. Sawarkar P, Sawarkar G. Ayurvedic management of Gridhasi (Sciatica) Joinsysmed
2017, vol 5(2), pp -119-125
21. Punam Sawarkar, Gaurav Sawarkar.Management of scapular dyskinesia through
comprehensive approach- A case study. J. Ind. Sys. Med. 2018;6(4):218-224
Book Name | 195

Chapter - 28
Diabetes Mellitus
Faishal Khan*
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by common feature of
chronic hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism.
Diabetes mellitus is leading cause of morbidity & mortality world over. It is expiated to
continue as a major health problem awing to be series complications. Especially end – stage
renal disease. Gangrene of the lower extremities and blindness in the adults. Top 5 Countries
with highest prevalence of Diabetes mellitus are India, China, US, Indonesia & Japan in
India. It is incidence is estimated at 7% of adult population, largely due to genetic
susceptibility combined with changing life style of low-activity high – calorie diet in the
growing India middle class.
And effective approaches to mange such conditions. Designing Perlman & research model is
a key challenge behind the examination of safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic Intervention
satisfying its sunjdkfjs principles and system approach.
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha) is a metabolic disorder characterized by High blood glucose
levels. Associated with other manifestations. Diabetes means. Palyenia, and mellitus means
‘money’ The name. Diabetes mellitus ‘madhumeha’ was conical by (Thomas wills) who
discovered sweetness of Urine from diabetes in 1675 In most of the cause. Diabetes mellitus.
Develops due to (deficiency of insulin).
Type of Diabetes (madhumeha) – these are two types of Diabetes mellitus (madhumea) Type
(1) Diabetes mellitus ( madhumeha) It is due to deficiency of insulin because of destruction
of ( Beta- cells) In islets of langerhams. This type to Diabetes (Madhumeha) May accure at
any of to life. But it usually accrue before 40 yea of age and the persons affected by this of
age and the persons affected by this refuire insulin infection. So it is also called insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus. When it develop at infancy or childhood it is called ( juvenite
diabetes) Case of type & Diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha)
1- Degenation of beta cells in to islets of langerhang to pancreases.
2- Destruction of beta cells by viral injection.
3- Congenital disorder of beta cells.
Type (2) Diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha):- It is due to insulin resistance so the body is unable
to use insulin about 90% of diabetes patients have type 2 diabetes mellitus (madhumeha). It is
* BAMS 3rd Year, Glocal Ayurveda Medical College, Mirzapur

E-mail : Faishal49074234@gmail.com, Contact: 9675392323
Book Name | 196

only occur often 40 year. Only some terms of types 2 diabetes reycise insulin in most case it
can be canfkdj by oval hypoglycemic drugs. So it is also called insulin depended diabetes
mellitus (Madhumeha)
Couses of types 2. Diabetes Miletus (Madhumeha)
01- Genetic disorder.
02- Life style Changes such as bad eating habits and physical linearity leading to ability.
03- Stress.
Either from of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha)
01. Gestational diabetes: it occurs (during pregnancy) it is due to many factors. Such as
humans & seorteal during pregnancy barite and life style before and during pregnancy
us usually diabetes disorders often delivery of the crud.
02. Prediabetos:- it is also called chemical. Subclinical latent diabetes. It is the stage
between normal condition and diabetes the person does not show absorbable
symptoms to diabetes the effeteal persons are at a high risk of develbing type &
diabetes mellitus (madhumeha)
Indication :-
Sing and symptoms of Diabetes mellitus (madhumeha).
01. Glucosuria.
02. Osmotic disease.
03. Palyuria.
04. Asthemia.
05. Acidosios and any symptoms of (Madhumeha)
Diagnosis Tested for Ulabetus Mellitus:-
01. Fasting blood glucose.
02. Post Paramedical blood glucose.
And sushurut simhita (1000-600BC) defined. Madhumeha as the disease in which the patient
passes frequent urine characterized as act infant sweet ayurveda attributes. Multi- factorable
etiology to the causation of diabetes and described as one among the eight major diseases
(asthamahagada). Which are difficult to cure and refractory in nature. Dietary, lifestyle,
environmental and gentic factors are ascribed to the causation of this condition.
Book Name | 197

Table:1. Therapeutic modalities and advocacy for Diabetes.
01 Nidana Parivarjana-Avoidance Faculty, habit, mental stress steep and awakening in
of etiological sorters night
02 Aahara-Diet Katu (spicy), Tikta (bitter). Kashaya (rasa
Castringent)
03 Vihara-life style modification Aasanas. Exercise. Usha (hot) Laghu eight. Ruksha
(dry)
04 Aushadhai Medical Management Kata (splcy). Tikta (bitter) Kasya lasa castringent)
Table 2 Diet Diet Recommended in diabetes according to ayurveda.

Type of Diet Name
01 Cereals Old Rice (Oriza Sotiva)
Rice Which crops within 60 days
Barley (Hordevin Valgare) Goelhuma (wheat)
Kadsava (jrain wasiety – paspolium
scrobiculatum )
02 Pulses Adhaki (Red gream- Cajamus eajan)
Kulatha (harse gram)
Madga (green gram)
Should be taken with bitter and astsingent leadfy
vegetables.
03 Vegetables Green Banana
Tahdulayka (Amarnathis spinaiss)
Matsyanshi (Alternantherasessilis)
Bitter Vegetable (Tiktasakam) like methica(
Methi – Fenagreeek leaves)
Karavellaka (bitter goural)
04 Fruits Orange
Watermelon apple-sambu (syzigiumcumini)
Kapitha (Seronia limoia)
Amlaki (tmulia officinalis)
05 Coils Nikumbha (Danti- bali aspernum

Mantanum.) Ingudia (Balanitis acyyptica.
Atasi Lihumusitatisimum).
Sarsapa (mistral )
Two varieties of diabeties (pramehi) as Classified in Ayurveda Comprise. Obsess,
strong (stnella and balavan) and thin- weak (krisha). Treatment for obese and strong diabetes
begiuns with bio-cleaning procesalure (panthakanuma) which is ajmeal at reducing the
Book Name | 198

obesity of the patient capateerpana chikista). Lean and weak diabotties can underga milder
cleaning procokres selleal by the treatment to nourish the body with specific management
santarpana. Chikista. Both type of diabetes. Successively treated with distinct therapy and
diet regimen.
Table 3. Some single plant drugs and comanal formulation used in diabetes mellitus
(Madhumeha)
Single Plant Drugs Compocial formiclion
01 Amalaki Cemblica ofienialis Chaslraporbha vati
02 Mosharingi Crymnma sylvestle Silojitwodi vati
03 Karavelka (Mamordica charianita) Vasanta Kusakran rasa
04 Methika Trigonela foeum-gracon Trivangel Bhasma
05 Shilajit (Black Bitumen) Phaletrikadi Kwatha
06 Vijasar (Pteroct pusmarsupium) Vangabhasma
07 Jambu (syzgium (umini) Nisamalaki Cusha
08 Tejpatta (Cinnamamumtamala) Kathakakhali adi Kwatha
09 Tvak (Cinnamomumzeylanicm) Saptacakra Charned Vati
10 Guduci (Tincspara Cordifolia) Mehari Vati
11 Bimbi (Coocinia india)
12 Khadirasara (Acacla Catachu)
13 Katphala (Myricaes culenta)
14 Devadaru (Cednus deodard)
Scientiefic Evidence Based Hypoglcmic Potential of Ayurvedic

The safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic intervention have been demonstrated through several
experimental and clinical studies and a few inllustrions are as follows.
Ayurvedic Therapy in Diabetes Retina apathy
A Communication therapy of trapana with patoladi ghrita and internal administration of
Dhanvantara Kwatha 20ml. Punarnavasa 25ml Candraprabhavati 250 mg and Nisamalaki
5gm twice a day in the subjects of Diabetes.
Retinopathy showed. Remarkable improvement in visualacuity. There was no further visul
loss. No further. Local hemorrhages and no neovascularpsation was observed.
(Conclusion)
Book Name | 199

• Diabetes Mellitus (Madhuma) is grawing to edidemic proparans leading to
devastating Complecations is not treted will. There are many challenges in the
successful treatment of diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha) because of personal and
economic costs incurred in diabetes thereby.
(Ayush-82)… -An Ayurvedic Hypoglycemic formulation consisting of Amra beeja (seeds of
Mangifera indica), Karavellaka beeja (seeds of Momordica Charantia), Jambu Beeja (seeds of
Mangifera indica), Karavellaka beeja (seeds of Momordia Charantia), Jambu beeja (seeds of
Syzygium cumini), Gudmara (leaves of Gymnema sylvestre) was tried on a fairly large
sample size (n=350) in a control clinical study revealed statistically significant reduction in
fasting and postprandial blood sugar in insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitu. 23…
(Efficacy of certain Ayurvedic Plant drugs)…
A total number of 862 cases of Madhumeha were studied to evaluate the efficacy of four
different Ayurvedic formulations during 1998-2007 at various CCRAS institutes. In the
group with interventions of Karela (Momordica Charantia), Jamun (Syzygium cumini) seed
extract (n=247) the therapeutic response was 67.61%; in Bilva (Aegle marmelos), Neem
(Azadirachta indica), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.), Kalimarich (Piper nigrum Linn) group
(n=89) 64.05%; in Nisha Amalaki Churna and Meditation & Yoga group (n=109) 53.21%
and 61.73% response was observed in the group with the intervention of Ayush-82 (n=81) a
Compound formulation developed by the Council.
Translational approach and way forward….. to assess the ground situation, a thorough
appraisal followed by meta-analysis of research outcome is essential. Studies to standalone
Ayurveda approaches, utility of these approaches as add-on/adjuct to conventional therapies
and drug interactions are pivotal to translate the knowledge into practice. A systems approach
may be adopted to validate the Ayurvedic therapies and approaches with integration of
principles of Ayurveda and bio-medicine without losing the vital fundamentals of these
system. Such an approach with well designed research plans could possibly facilitate to
generate tangible evidence with greater translational potential.
Challenges and Scope….. the holistic approach is the ‘strength’ of Ayurveda. This approach
poses considerable difficulty owing to diverse concepts and complex approaches in clinical
trial design, diagnosis & therapy, assessment of outcomes of clinical efficacy and drug
interactions pose certain limitations in research such as.
01. Standardization and Quality Control.
02. Complexity of dosage forms/delivery System
03. Diverse concepts
04. Complex approaches in
a. Clinical Trial Design
b. Diagnosis & Therapy
Book Name | 200

Reference
1. Susauta. Susruta samhita (Hindi translation with Ayurveda Tottva Sandipika
puravdha-sutra sthan. Chapter 33 sloka-4th kaviraja Dr. Ambikadatta shasti Edited)
chaukhamba sankrit Santhan 2008.
2. Sharma S.R SK Dwlvedi O Swarup. Hypoylgecim and Hypolppidaemic effects of
Cinnomonum tamala nees leaves. Indian J Exp Bial. 1986, 34 (4): 372-741
3. This topic is taken from Esespitial of Madical Physiology 7th Edition Page no. 4,3,8
4,5,9, 4,4,0, 441.
Book Name | 201

Chapter - 29
Critical analysis of Nitya SevaniyaAharaDravya’s - Balanced

diet in Ayurveda
Dr. Vijay B. Negalur*
Abstract
Acharya Charaka describe that the whole world runs towards food, as complexion, happiness,
pleasant voice, life, talent, health and satisfaction, maintenance of body, body strength and
even intellectual capacities of the individual depends on food. Since from Vedic period they
gave importance to the food. In Upanishad food is considered as Brahma. Food is a substance
consumed other than water and drugs for maintenance of the health, well-being and vitality of
the individual. Present paper highlights the importance of Ayurvedic nutrition in the form of
Nitya SevaniyaAharaDravya and critical analyses on the importance of it in day today life.
Key words: Nitya: Ayurveda, SevaniyaAhara, Dravya,Balanced diet,
Introduction
World Health Day will be praised on 7 April, with WHO features the difficulties and
openings related with sanitation under the trademark 'From homestead to plate, make food
safe.[1] Promotion of appropriate sustenance is one of the eight components of the Primary
Health Care. Ayurveda isn't just a clinical science yet in addition a total study of life,which
manages wellbeing advancement, counteraction and the executives of the malady. Aahara is
one of the Trayopasthambha[2] depicted by our Aacharyas. Day by day utilizations of Hita,
Avirudha, Satmya and Nitya SevaniyaAahara makes the individual illness free condition, so
one should design our eating regimen as per the AstaAhara Vidhi Visesaayatana. Acharya
Charaka and Vagbhata clarified the NityasevaniyaDravyas which is like the parity diet.To
bring worldwide consideration towards Ayurvedic arrangement of medication in worry to
wholesome program, to actualize and to grow more nourishing project in our framework, an
extraordinary intrigue must be centered around the job of dietary elements in the
advancement of wellbeing. Extension for Nutrition in Ayurveda Classification of Ahara
presently can't seem to be done on their nutritive worth. The order of the Dravyas dependent
on the capacities, for example, Jiivaniya, Brumhaniya and so on obviously showing
arrangement dependent on the nutritive qualities. Ayurveda, the existence science, is having
numerous references with respect to the Nithyayogya and SwasthahitaDravyas. Researchers
of Ayurveda had an unmistakable thought regarding the lack of healthy sustenance and over
nourishment and their impact which is clarified for the most part with regards to
SantarpanaApatarpanaJanyaVyadhi. Ayurveda clarify idea of AstaaharvidhiVisesyatana,
Viruddhaahara, Satmyaahara, NityasevaniyaDravya
* Professor, and HODDept. of Swasthavrutta, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College

of Ayurveda, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
E-mail : drvijaynegalur@gmail.com, Mob. : 9480046879
Book Name | 202

Balance diet
Balance diet is defined as one which contains a variety of food in such quantities and
proportions that the need for energy, amino acid, vitamins, minerals, fat, carbohydrate
and nutrients is adequately met for maintaining health, vitality and general wellbeing and
also makes a small provision for extra nutrients to with stand short duration of
leanness.[3]
Nitya Sevaneeya Dravya
According to Acharya Charaka the list of foods those are advisable to consume daily are
Shashtikashali (rice grown in 60 days), Godhuma (wheat), Yava (barley), Mudga (green
gram), Saindhava (rock salt), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Antarikshajala or Divyodaka
(rain water), Ghrita, Cow milk, Madhu, Jangalamamsa (meat of animals from arid
land).[4]Can be correlated as balance diet in today’s era. Acharya Vagbhata explains
some extra Dravyas like Godhuma (wheat) Sunisannaka, Jivanthi, Balamulaka, Pathya,
Mrudwika, Patoli, Sharkara (sugar), Dadima[5] can be consumed habitually
According to WHO ranges of nutrient intake goals [6]
• Total fat - 15-30%
• Saturated fatty acids - <10%
• Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) - 6-10%
• Total carbohydrate - 55-75%b
• Free sugars - <10%
• Protein - 10-15%d
• Cholesterol - <300 mg/day
• Sodium chloride - <5 g/day
• Fruits and vegetables - 5400 g/day
1. ShashtikaShali (rice grown in 60 days) is main source of energy and also
contributing significant quantity of protein, minerals and B group vitamins. It
contributes 70 to 80% of total energy intake. Rice proteins are rich in lysine, which is an
essential amino acid than other cereals protein.[7]
2. Mudga (green gram) is main source of protein, which has 25% of protein in it.
But regards to quality, vegetable proteins are inferior to animal protein. It is also
rich in minerals and vitamin B complex.[8]
3. SaindhavaLavana (rock salt) is pure natural salt with no release agents, free-flow
agents, bleaching agents or any other additives. The colour may be reddish white
and clear. The red coloration is from the natural iron content. It increases appetite
and adds taste to the food. It is considered superior to the normal cooking salt as it has
less water retention capacity thus considered good for those suffering from cardiac
diseases, hypertension and renal diseases.
Book Name | 203

4. Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) is the most concentrated source of vitamin C in the
plant kingdom. The active ingredients in Amalaki are phyllemblin, gallic acid,
tannins, pectin an scorbic acid (Vitamin C). Vitamin C has a special form that makes
it very easy for the human body to assimilate. Vitamin C in Amalaki fruit is
precisely bonded with tannins that protect it from degradation from heat and light. It is
well known for its ability to boost bio-availability and absorption of calcium for
yielding healthier bones, teeth, hair and nails. It also improves assimilation of iron for
healthy blood. It is especially nourishing for the eyes, heart and digestion.
Amalaki is also extremely effective for balancing stomach acids. Amalaki has a
special action to promote strength and lean muscle mass when used with a diet
rich in protein and quality nutrients.
5. Yava (barley) is having Madhura, Kashaya Rasa, Laghu, RukshaGuna and
UshnaVeerya. It isMutrala, KaphaShamaka, used in Sthaulya.[9]
6. AntarikshaJala (rain water) is the basic requirement. It is the prime source of all
the water and purest water in the nature.
7. Sarpi (cow’s ghee) is easier to get absorbed. It can bond with lipid-soluble nutrients
and herbs to penetrate the lipid-based cell walls of the body. It is also Pitta-Vatahara,
good for Rasa, Sukra, Oja, Swara, Varna, Nirvapanam, SanskarasyaAnuvartanam in
nature.[10]
8. JangalaMamsa (Animal meat) has 20% protein and 3-5% of fat, 100gm of meat if
used will yield 194 calories of energy. JangalaMamsa is a rich source of protein of
a high biological value and also has all the amino acids and vitamin B complex.
Riboflavin and nicotinic acid from vitamin B complex group, iron and phosphorous
are present in an adequate quantity in such meat.
9. Madhu (Honey) is composed of 38% of fructose, 31% of glucose, 1% of sucrose,
and 9% of other sugars, along with water and small amounts of vitamins, minerals
and acids. Honey has also been used topically as an antiseptic therapeutic agent for
the treatment of ulcers, burns and wounds. It is a best food that reduces cholesterol
and thus prevents the diseases like coronary artery diseases and also prevents
obesity.[11]
10. Dugdha (cow's milk) is considered as complete food. It has a fine mix all things
considered. It is a decent wellspring of protein, fat, sugar, nutrients and minerals. Milk
protein contains all the fundamental aminoacids. It is additionally a rich wellspring of
calcium
Discussion:
Present day science expresses that so much sugar, fat, proteins, nutrients and minerals are
required for even eating routine. Their characterization of food is excessively rough, when to
the order of all food materials as indicated by Ayurveda. In each food there are sure factors
building up the intellectual capacities and certain different variables building up the physical
Book Name | 204

worked of the body. The cutting edge researchers are as yet uninformed of even the essential
standards managing this order. Certain elements in diet extract the intellectual capacities and
certain different retards these resources. As per Ayurveda, the eating routine which feeds
both the psychological and physical manufactured is called adjusted eating regimen. Charaka
Samhita makes reference to in nutshell all the constituents of an even eating regimen
controlled by present day specialists. In light of his adaptation great and fine rice like Shasti
and Shali, Mudga (green gram), Lavana (salt), Amalaki (goose berry), Yava (grain),
downpour water, milk, ghee, substance of creatures living in woodlands and nectar ought to
by propensity be adjusted in diet by and large. In Ayurveda the idea of Nitya
SevaniyaDravyas referenced by Acharya charaka and Vagbhata plainly demonstrates the
significance of sustenance in day today life. The meaning of parity diet shows the job of
sugars, protein, fat, minerals and nutrients consumption in every day food. The nutritive
estimation of Nitya SevaniyaDravya's satisfies the equalization diet measures henceforth
when we basically break down the nutritive worth which are told by WHO. By every day
utilization of Nitya SevaniyaDravyas does the advancement of soundness of solid individual
and forestall the sickness condition.
Conclusion
Ayurveda stands no less behind in clarifying the healthful angle and helpful wholesome idea.
Swasthahita and NityasevaniyaDravyas show strong confirmations of the idea of the
sustenance. Exertion ought to be made to put Ayurvedic menu of dietary enhancements into
the National nutritive projects
References
1. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/food-safety/en/
2. Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji (ed.). Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Ayurveda Deepika
Commentary of Chakrapaanidatta, SutraSthana, TistraniyaAdhyaya, Verse no.35,
Reprint edition, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi. 2007:74
3. K. Park. Preventive and Social medicine, Bhanot Publishers. 22nd edition:591.
4. VaidyajadavjiTrikamji (ed.). Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Ayurveda
DipikaCommentary of Chakrapaanidatta, Sutra Sthana, MatrashitiyaAdhyaya, Verse
no.12, Reprint edition, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi. 2007:38
5. BhisagacharyaHarisastriParadkar Vaidya (ed). Astanga Hridayam ofVagbhata,
SarvangsundaraVyakhya Commentary ofArundutta and Ayurveda Rasayana
Commentary ofHemadri, Sutra Sthana, Matrashitiya Adhyaya, Verse no.42-43,
Reprint edition, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi. 2014:157
References
1. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/food-safety/en/
2. Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji (ed.). Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Ayurveda Deepika
Commentary of Chakrapaanidatta, Sutra Sthana, Tistraniya Adhyaya, Verse no.35,
Book Name | 205

3. K. Park. Preventive and Social medicine, BhanotPublishers. 22nd edition:591.
4. VaidyajadavjiTrikamji (ed.). Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Ayurveda Dipika
Commentary of Chakrapaanidatta, Sutra Sthana, MatrashitiyaAdhyaya, Verse no.12,
5. BhisagacharyaHarisastriParadkar Vaidya (ed). AstangaHridayam ofVagbhata,
SarvangsundaraVyakhyaCommentary of Arundutta and Ayurveda Rasayana
Commentary of Hemadri, Sutra Sthana, MatrashitiyaAdhyaya, Verse no.42-43,
Reprint edition, ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi. 2014:157
6. http://health.euroafrica.org/books/dietnutritionwho.pdf page no-66
7. Swaminathan. Food And Nutrition. Bangalore Printing&Publishimg Co. Ltd, reprint
ed. 2004:117.
8. K. Park. Preventive and Social medicine. Bhanot Publishers, 22nd edition:582
9. Swaminathan. Food And Nutrition. Bangalore Printing&PublishimgCo.Ltd, reprint
2004:350.
10. Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji (ed.). Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Ayurveda Dipika
Commentary of Chakrapaanidatta, Sutra Sthana, SnehaAdhyaya, Verse no.13-14,
Reprint edition. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi. 2007:82
11. Swaminathan. Food And Nutrition. Bangalore Printing&PublishimgCo.Ltd, reprint
2004:135.
Book Name | 206

Chapter - 30
A Combination of Conservative Treatment & Behavioural

Therapy is More Effective Than Conservative Treatment
Alone in Treating Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Dr. Pradnya P. Sabade*
Abstract –
Though the ideal treatment for the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is conservative, increasing
evidence denotes the substantial therapeutic value of psychological treatment. It is not
proved whether the combination of multicomponent behavioural therapy and conservative
treatment is superiorthan medical treatment alone. The main objective of this study is to
identify this question in patients being treated for IBS in surgical opd.
This study is focussed to prove the feasibility and effectivity of behavioural therapy in the
management of IBS including functional abdominal symptoms and/or highly perceived stress
levels.
Symptoms in patientswith IBS reveals a potential therapeutic target to improve quality of
life. This study shows that behavioural therapy is surely effective in the management of IBS
symptoms.
Key Words- Behavioural therapy, irritable bowel syndrome, psychological therapy
Objective -
Interventions in the field of psychology are used in patients having irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS) but there is no certaintyabout the optimal targeted population. Literature
says that Multi-convergent therapy (MCT) is a type of psychotherapy which includes
meditation with several aspects of cognitive behavioural therapy and it is commonly
implemented in the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).This study is focussed to
find out the practicability and efficacy of MCT in the management of IBS with either
functional abdominal symptoms or high perceived stress levels.
Methodology -
The study was conducted in the outpatient department of Podar government
ayurvedhospital,Mumbai .Twenty IBS patients from outpatient department were randomly
selected for the combination of standardized multicomponent behavioural therapy plus
standard medical treatment (MBT) or standard medical treatment alone (MT). MBT
comprised of IBS information and education to the patients, meditation, progressive muscle
relaxation , problem-solving ideas , training regarding illnessrelated cognitive coping
strategies, and training for assertiveness in each session for 10 weeks. MT included the
* Assistant Professor, R.A.PodarAyurved College ,Worli, Mumbai, Maharashtra

E-mail : rasrajk@gmail.com, Mob. : 09930939867
Book Name | 207

standard symptom-oriented medicinal treatment and regular visits of patient to a surgical
OPD every week. Post treatment outcome measures consisted of psychological symptoms
and qualification of GI tract with the help of maintaining daily symptom diaries and the
assessment of changes in gastrointestinal interpretation thresholds and also of questionnaire
measures on psychological distress, illness-related coping abilities , overall condition of that
well-being and also a quality of patient’s life. Follow-ups were taken at 1,3 and 6-month
intervals.
Results -
Evaluations before and after treatment showed ‘p’ value less than 0.01 means significantly
greater reduction in IBS symptoms as measured by maintain daily symptom diaries for the
patients in MBT group than for the patients in MT group. Overall well-being significantly
improved in the MBT group but remained unchanged in the MT group. Recto visceral
perception remained unchanged by either treatment. Subjects in the MBT group, unlike those
in the MT group, showed remarkable improvement and control of overall health problems
including stress level . Also quality of life was improved very significantly in MBT group
and remained unchanged in MT group.
Discussion -
The theory tells that connections between our thoughts and our actions are interrelated and
shows powerful results. We often don’t realize or fail to appreciate the importance of
maintaining a positive focus on our attitude no matter what situations we find ourselves in.
We are all susceptible to falling into ineffective or harmful thought patterns, particularly
when things go wrong. However, some people are more prone to letting negative thoughts
which later on turn into problematic behaviours.
The cause of irritable bowel syndrome isn't well understoodyet . A diagnosis is often made
based on symptoms. Symptoms include abdominal pain,nausea, bloating, diarrhoea and
constipation.
Many people can control their symptoms by managing diet, lifestyle and stress. Others will
need medication as well as counselling.
Behavioural therapy works as a therapeutic process that attempts to change these
“maladaptive cognitions” in humanthinking ,that can make emotional distress and unhealthy
behaviours that may get worsened. Examples of such conditions are a person’s misbeliefs,
assumptions regarding self-image and fearful thoughts regarding the future. By applying
various therapeutic strategies, behaviour therapists can attempt to alter these maladaptive
cognitions as a way to reduce and eliminate emotional distress and unhealthy behaviours so
as to reduce the symptoms and improve quality of life.
Conclusion -
The overall data shows the evidence that the combination of medicaltreatment with
multicomponent behavioural therapy is more effective than medical treatment alone in the
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treatment of IrritableBowel Syndrome. Larger studies are required to confirm this on a
greater scale which will help society for the betterment of results.
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Chapter - 31
Ayurveda : A new Dimension in Modern era

Dr. Dipshikha Rakhunde*
Abstract:
Ayurveda as a medicine has been used for thousands of years. It is one of the oldest
medicinal science in the world. Ayurvedic medicines are being used in India since last many
decades and now it is mostly accepted by a many other countries and follow ayurveda culture
in various manner. According to ayurveda, a person is not healthy because of imbalance of
tridoshas i. e., vata, pitta and kapha. There are seven dhatus in the body which are
maintained the systems of human body. The food, sleep, and celibacy are essential for
maintaining a healthy life. Ayurveda helps to build an immunity and also useful in prevention
against many diseases.
Keywords: Ayurveda, dosha, dhatu, ayurvedic medicine.
Introduction:
Ayurveda is an ancient medicinal system , which basically belongs to prevention of
diseases from human body rather than pathological problems . Ayurveda believes in the
treatment of a root of disease not a symptom. The basic principle of Ayurveda is tridosha,
dhatu, mala . Ayurveda has its own approach to recognize a symptom of disease as early as
possible by its five ailments hetu, purvarupa, rupa, upashaya, samprapti for prevention of any
disease in early stage. Because of this we can prevent and manage most of the disease in early
stage.
Ayurveda has its own approach towards build an immunity for day to day life. Now a day,
approximately every person have an stressful life which is unavoidable. Ayurveda support
them by Rasayana chikitsa and Yoga which is one of the important part of it.
Ayurveda have great saint Charak , Sushrut, Vaghbhat and many others who written their
own approach towards ayurveda in their samhitas. Charak mentions about the objectives of
Ayurveda which indirectly defines health and its objective. They described two things one is
the protection of health of a healthy individual and second is the alleviation of disease of a
patient.
The saint of ayurveda describes various ways for being a healthy indivisual by dincharya and
ritucharya. With this aahar, vihar, anupan, matra, bal, kala, vaya etc also mentioned with the
help of tridoshas.
Above all mentioned by ancient saint of ayurveda promotes us a healthy and full of immunity
life.
* Assistant professor, Department of Dravyaguna, Shri ayurved mahavidyalaya, Hanuman

Nagar, Nagpur, Maharashtra
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“aturashya” means of the patient, “vikara”
means disease, “prasamanam” means alle-
Discussion :
Ayurveda helps in modern era by various ways. For this purpose Ayurvedic proponents
advocates various life style administrations which are described in Ayurvedic classical texts.
Some of these modalities are the concept of Dinacharya and Ritucharya, Aahara,
Pathya, Apathya . Many of these modalities mentioned above are basically the health
promotion strategies of present day. The second part is about curative and preventive health.
To summarize, Ayurveda explains the body functions using the Dosh-Dhatu-Mala concept.
The classical texts of Ayurveda mentioned various principles relevant to the present
scenerio. Ayurveda is widely used in India as a health system and it is growing worldwide
as well. Modern medicine has been diagnostic, prognostic, and curative procedures. The
study is a review on the concept of health in Ayurveda in brief.
Conclusion :
From above all it is conclude that the ayurveda is not only for cure disease but it is useful in
giving us a healthy life by a various ways. From ancient time to this modern era it is working
on the same principle and management for the healthy and diseased individual. This is the
Ayurveda which prevents us from various disorder by its unique way.
Reference :
1. Acharya YT, editor. Charaka Samhita. Varanasi: Chowkhamba, Surbharati.
2. Acharya YT, editor. Susrutha Samhitha Varanasi: Chaukhambha, Orientalia.
3. www.researchgate.net
4. www.google.com
Book Name | 211

Chapter - 32
Ayurvedic Basics of
Obesity Management : A Conceptual Review Study
Dr. Shazi Arazzum*
Dr. Sujata Rajan**
Abstract :
Obesity is emerging as global problem worldwide. It is one of the lifestyle disorders.
Childhood obesity and adult obesity are increasing in intensity than other type of obesity due
to urbanisation, use of mobiles which cut out our day to day activities. Now a day’s use of
modern transport system, online shopping increases the sedentary lifestyle of people. Peoples
accept the sedentary lifestyle and move towards the world of overweight and obesity. There
is no special treatment protocol of obesity in modern sciences. Use of bariatric surgery is not
up to the mark for the management of obesity. Ayurveda gives the hope for the overweight
and obese patients. Ayurveda describe the dinacharya, ritucharya which if followed properly
decrease the incidence of obesity. The role of katu, tikta and kashya rasa pradhanaausadh and
aharadravaya is also the boom for obesity management. According to panchmahabhutik
composition, akash ,vayu and agnipradhandravya are useful for obesity management. The
present review study described that how the ancient science of liferemove the barrier of
obesity management.
Keywords : Ayurveda,Obesity, sthaulya,
* P.GScholar, Department of Kriya Sharir, A&U Tibbia college, Karol bagh, New Delhi
** HOD, Department of Kriya Sharir, A&U Tibbia college, Karol bagh, New Delhi
Email Id-shziarazzum20@gmail.com
Book Name | 212

Chapter - 33
Management of Stree Bandhyatva by combined therapy of

Chitrakadi Vati and Lashunadi Taila Matra Basti
- A Case Review
Dr. Divya*
Abstract -
Aim of womanhood is complete after conception and childbirth.According to Acharya
Charakainfertile couples were considered branchless,fruitless waste tree or like a lamp in
portrait which will not emit any light or brightness. Conception depends on the fertility
potential ofboth male and female partners. Female is directlyresponsible in about 40 to
55% havingetiological factors like ovulatory, uterine, tubal factors, etc.Prevalence of
infertilityhaving anovulation is increasing. In modern science there are treatments like
clomiphene citrate, IVF, GIFTavailable for ovulation induction but all have unsatisfactory
results, lots of side-effects, complicationsand expenses.So present study has been undertaken
to develop safe, potent, cheap and effective remedies from Ayurveda. In Ayurveda
Bandhyatvais included in so type of disease caused by the vitiation of vata and act of
ovulation is regulated by vataespecially apana vataand bastiis the best treatment modality
forvata dosha. AcharyaKashyaphas mentionedanuvasna bastiin nashta beeja. Matra bastiis a
type of anuvasna basti andlashun tailacontaining 36 drugs is highly useful in infertility as
well aged person to get virya (semen) and progeny having properties like vatakaphashamaka,
deepana, garbhasthapaka,vrishya,balyaetc.So here, in this case study we selected a case of
primary infertility having anovulation since 2 years with painful and scanty menses.Sohere
we did management with matra bastiof lashun tailaalong with oral medication of
Chitrakadi vatifor 2 consecutive cycles and highly significant results were found.
Keywords : Stree Bandhyatva, Matra Basti, Lashunadi taila, Chitrakadi Vati, Anovulation,
Nashta beeja
* PG Scholar, Stree Roga evam Prasuti Tantra, SVNHT's Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya

Rahuri, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra
E-mail : divyagupta482@gmail.com, Mob. : 8607407850
Book Name | 213

Chapter - 34
Impact of Modern Gadgets on Psychology of the Individual

Dr. Neha Parmar*
Dr. Sujata Rajan**
Dr. Ankur Tanwar*
Abstract:-
According to psychology today, one of the first few things excessive screen time does to the
body is that it configures the matter that makes up to the brain. So when we are addicted to
our mobile phone,TV,or other electronic gadgets, we have a risk to disrupting the natural
configuration of our brain.
It is known that brain consist of grey matter, the heavy part that makes up the folds, and the
white matter –the part that transmits the messages between neurons.When we spend our too
much time in screen,we have risk of experiencing several brain reconfigurations,which
include grey matter shrinkage,white matter’s inability to communicate,excessive caving,and
lots more.
According to many studies, what’sapp,face book,Instagram,Tweeter any other social media
has been shown to correlate with loneliness, and social isolation.Higher social media use is
caused anxiety, reduced happiness and chips away at their self-esteem and move a person
away from society. Pornography significantly distorts attitudes and behaviour of the person.
Now days, youngster uses many app for social networking through which they share their
video and chat with other person which are unknown to them. Long term use of gadgets for
social networking and work hasa bad impact on mental health and behaviour of the person.
Nowa days everyone busy in their phone only, don’t aware of what is happening in their
surrounding and society.Social health which is one of the prime factor for Proper health is
significantly disturbing now a days .Ayurveda which is one of the oldest system of medicine
work on the concept of mental health and social health as well .The present review study
showed the harmful effect of gadgets on the mental health of the individual and role of
Ayurveda to balance that too.
Key words :- Psychology, Gadgets, Mental Health, Social Media
* M.D. Scholar, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Ayurvedic & Unani Tibbia College & Hospital
** HOD, Asso. Prof., Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Ayurvedic & Unani Tibbia College & Hospital
Book Name | 214

Chapter - 35
Rasayana (Rejuvenation): A Step Towards Primary And

Public Health Care
Chanchal Aggarwal*
Abstract
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine which emphasizes to maintain infirmity of
life through holistic approach. In Ayurveda, the treatment modality of every individual varies
accordingly to his/her Prakriti,Dosha etc.Today, principles described in the Ayurveda
literatures comprising its true wealth hold good value. The unique concept of Ayurveda liesin
its basic principles which play an important role in governing the protocols for the health
maintenance in the present era. On the other hand, the specialized approach to Nidana
(Etiology), Chikitsa (Treatment) &Rasayana (Rejuvenation) governs the protocols for the
management and the recovery of the patient. Public Health is the discipline or a part or
similar stream of community which is also described in the principles of the classical texts of
Ayurveda. Ayurveda performs a major role in promoting primary and public health through
various means like use of herbal formulations, Panchakarma, Rasayana (Rejuvenation) etc.
Among all means, the Rasayana (Rejuvenation) therapy described in ayurvedic literatures is
one among the health promoters at primary and public level. Various Rasayanas like Achara
Rasayana,Medhya Rasayana like Guduchi etc. which can be used at public level very
efficiently. As far as the principles of the classical texts of Ayurveda are concerned, an
attempt is made to define the role of Rasayana to strengthen primary and public health care
through Ayurveda in the present article.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Public Health, Panchakarma, Rasayana
Introduction:
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine which emphasizes to maintain infirmity of
life through holistic approach. In Ayurveda, the treatment modality of every individual varies
accordingly to his/her Prakriti,Dosha etc. therefore, the individual is always treated as a
whole. Today, principles described in the Ayurveda literatures comprising its true wealth hold
good value. The unique concepts of Ayurveda lies in its basic principles of
Panchamahabhuta (Five elements), Prakriti (Constitution), Guna (Quality), Rasa (Taste),
Agni (Gastric fire), Dosha (Humour), Dhatu (Tissues), Mala (Faeces), Srotas (Channels)
which play an important role in governing the protocols for the health maintenance in the
present era. On the other hand, the specialized approach to Nidana (Etiology), Chikitsa
(Treatment) &Rasayana (Rejuvenation)1 governs the protocols for the management and the
* MD Scholar, Department of Panchakarma, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar,

New Delhi-110076
E-Mail Id: chnchlgarg@gmail.com, Contact No: 8800435605
Book Name | 215

recovery of the patient. The current texts of Ayurveda have been derived after producing
many changes as per the need of the hour, but, important principles have been kept
consistent. Public Health is the discipline or a part or similar stream of community which is
also described in the principles of the classical texts of Ayurveda. Ayurveda performs a major
role in promoting primary and public health through various means like use of herbal
formulations, Panchakarma, Rasayana (Rejuvenation) etc. Among all means, the Rasayana
(Rejuvenation) therapy described in Ayurvedic literatures is one among the health promoters
at primary and public level. Various Rasayanas like Shilajatu Rasayana, Triphala Rasayana,
Achara Rasayana, Amalaka Rasayana, Chyawanprash, Brahma Rasayana, Pippali
Rasayana, Medhya Rasayana like Guduchi etc. which can be used at public level very
efficiently. As far as the principles of the classical texts of Ayurveda such as Sankramaka
Roga, Vyadhikshamatva, Poshana, Oja, Swasthya etc. are concerned, an attempt is made to
define the role of Rasayana to strengthen primary and public health care through Ayurveda in
the present article.
Materials and Methods: The available Ayurvedic texts like CharakaSamhita,
SushrutaSamhita and available commentaries and materials related to Rasayana concept, and
the modern texts, research papers and scientific articles other relevant topics have been
reviewed.
Concept of Public Health in Ayurveda
In 1920, the Public Health is defined by CEA Winslow as, “The science and art of preventing
diseases, prolonging life and promoting health & efficiency through organized community
effort2”. The above definition marks three important features viz prevention of disease,
prolongation of life and promotion of health. Around 5000 years ago, the same features of
health were described by Acharyas of Ayurveda like Acharya Charak and others. In Charak
Samhita, the objectives of Ayurveda are mentioned indirectly defining public health and its
features. Prayojanas of Ayurveda3 are“Swasthasya Swasthya Rakshanam” means the
maintenance and promotion of the health of a healthy individual, “Aturashya Vikara
Prasamanam” means the alleviation of the disease of the patient. Various life style concepts
like the concept of Dinacharya and Ritucharya (Daily and season specific health promotional
activities), Sadvritta (code of conduct for healthy life), Aahara (dietary regimen according to
individual’s Prakriti), Pathya-apathya(Dirt and regimen for medications) etc. are described
in Ayurveda for both healthy and diseased. Thus, Ayurveda helps to achieve its first
Prayojanato ensure his/her health. Among all, many concepts can be considered as
basichealth promotion strategies in the present era. The second Prayojanaof Ayurveda
focusses on alleviation of disease indicating about its curative and preventive aspect of
health. The Prayojanas of Ayurveda helps to achieve primary prevention i.e. health
promotion and specific protection.The secondary prevention can be best achieved by early
diagnosis of disease through ayurvedic diagnostic methods such as Nadi Pariksha (pulse
examination), Darshana (inspection), Sparshana (palpation) and Prashna(interrogation) etc.
and by advocating ayurvedic treatment modalities such as Shamana(pacification)
&Sodhana(detoxification). The specialty of Ayurveda, Panchakarma Chikitsa can be used
Book Name | 216

for disease modification and disability limitation to achieve the tertiary prevention. Thus, the
Ayurveda can be best employed to the principles and practice of public health.
Concept of Health in Ayurveda
The definition of health in Ayurveda, given by Acharya Sushruta in his treatise
SushrutaSamhita is “Sama Dosha Samagnischa Sama Dhatu Malakriya Prasanna Atmendriya
Manah Swastha Iti Abhidhiyate” means health is the balanced state of both humor-enzymes-
metabolites-tissue system-excretory functions and ecstasy-soul-sense organs- mind. The
above definition fulfills the widely accepted definition of health proposed by WHO (1948)in
the preamble to its constitution is “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.” The Ayurveda encompasses
all the three dimensions of health, physical, mental and social. Health is the outcome of the
harmonized state of Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, and Agni, thebasic principles of Ayurveda. In
modern parlance, Humor can be best understood by three Doshas namely Vata, Pitta and
Kapha.The Vata, Pitta &Kapha Dosha in the body may be co-related with nervous system,
GI system with gastric enzymes and the fluids of the body such as phlegm and synovial fluid
respectively and 7 different types of Dhatu, i.e.Rasa(nourishment fluid), Rakta(blood),
Mamsa(muscles), Meda(fat), Asthi(bones), Majja(bone marrow)& Shukra(semen) which
developed chronologically.Thus, the smooth functioning of body to perform all daily life
activities is governed by the Saptadhatus which is ruled by the Tridosha.Malas are the waste
productsof our daily activities. Purisha(stool), Khamala (dirt coming from the eyes, nose,
ears etc.), Mutra (urine) and Sweda (sweat) are the Malas in Ayurveda. Briefly, the body
functions are explained by Dosha-Dhatu-Mala concept of Ayurveda. The equilibrium state of
the chain of Dosha-Dhatu-Malamaintains good healthwhereas its opposite leads to the
affliction of the disease in the body.
The WHO definition of health can be summarized in the concept of “Swasthya” of Ayurveda.
The physical dimension of health is the harmonized presence of Dosha, Dhatu, Mala and
Agni. The social and mental dimensions of health are the balancedstage of ecstasy of soul,
sense organs (Indriya) and the mind. The sense organs get access to social issues to impart
the social relevance intohealth.
Concept of Rasayana in primary and public health through Ayurveda
The Rasayana therapy is the means which is designed to rejuvenate the body, mind, and self
at the deepest possible level. It is the branch of Ashtanga Ayurveda. The word Rasayana is
derived from 2 words ‘Rasa’ + ‘Ayana’ which means to import the nourishing fluid into the
body through drugs, diets, regimens to promote longevity by preventing diseases and to slow
down the ageing process.
लािोिायो धह शस्तानाां रसादीनाां रसायनम्|| Ca. Ci. 1/1/8
The means by which one gets the excellence of rasa (the nourishing fluid which is produced
immediately after proper digestion of food substances etc.), is known as Rasayana or the
rejuvenation therapy.
Book Name | 217

In Ayurveda, Samsodhana therapy (purification therapy) with drugs like Haritaki, Pippali,
Vacha etc., is recommended prior to the application of Rasayana (rejuvenation) therapy) to
bring its overall effect to promote public health along with longevity. In the old age, the
destructive activities are enhanced normally with the result that a human being is exposed to
multifactorial diseases which ultimately result in death. If the process of destruction and
diminution of cells in the tissues is somehow arrested, the person leads a normal life, free
from diseases. Achara Rasayana is the specific non-drug approach of Rasayana which is a
code of good conduct and habit to gain all the benefits of Rasayana.
दीघुमायुुः स्मृधतां मेिामारोग्यां तरुणां वयुः |प्रिावणुस्वरौदायं दे हेल्वियर्लां िरम्||
वाल्विल्वद्धां प्रणधतां काल्वन्तां लिते ना रसायनात्|लािोिायो धह शस्तानाां रसादीनाां रसायनम्||Ca. Ci. 1/1/7-8
The Rasayana (rejuvenation) therapy not only promotes health but also promotes memory
(Smriti), intellect (Medha), Arogya, youth (Taruna Vaya), excellence of complexion-lustre
and voice, Vaksiddhi, respect and brilliance. Owing to its merits which are also supported by
scientific studies, the Rasayana (rejuvenation) therapy should be advocated at primary and
public levels of health in an order to enhance body functioning to contain the spread of
diseases along with the prevention of new diseases.
Scientific Studies
1. In Ayujournal On Jan – Mar 2016 15
The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. The various concentrations
(0.25 g/100 ml, 0.50 g/100 ml, and 0.70 g/100 ml) were used and Flies were exposed for 30
days. Guduchi as Rasayana, enhances the life span of D. melanogaster which validates the
concept of Rasayana and is indicative of Rasayana effect of Guduchi Churna even prevails
to next generation. Smaller the Dose, More the Rasayana Effect15.
2. In Ayurveda Integrative Medicine Journal On Apr-Jun 2010
Book Name | 218

Despite group sizes being relatively small, results are conclusive. Control group life lengths
ranged from 40 to 53 days, experimental group life lengths ranged from 81 to 91 days,
roughly double the controls. Lifespan extensions of 51–55% in a standard strain of D.
melanogaster (Oregon-K) using standard Rasayana (Ayurvedic herbal formulation for life-
extension) suitably adapted for insects which are indicative of health promotion16.
Discussion
In Ayurveda,the concept of public healthencompassing all ages, focusses primarily on the
individual capability of healthy aging intended as complete fulfilling one’s life.7,8Ayurveda
can be used as an integration of the existent healthcare systems as well as a template to rescue
local traditional values in order to meet the needs of different populations.9 The present
article is a conceptual approach to the concept of Rasayana and public health. Rasayana is
designed to refine and enhance the potency of the herbs so that they can be absorbed into the
deep tissues of the body. Usually Rasayana therapy is the means to assimilate the excellence
of the nourishing fluid by enhancing metabolism, life quality etc. The Rasayana or
rejuvenation therapy also acts as a stress reliever by relaxing mind and detoxicating body to
enhance the qualities of an individual overall. It is a comprehensive and specialized regimen
to act at the level of Rasa (nutrition), Agni (digestion & metabolism) and the Srotamsi
(microcirculation) to bestow healthy longevity and improved mental faculties to enable the
organism to procure the best qualities of different Dhatus17. After the procurement of best
Dhatus, the enhancement of the essence of all the Dhatus, Ojasoccurs which in turn increases
the Vyadhikshamatva(immunity) to allow the defense mechanism of body to survive in the
potentially hostile world of infectious agents. Rasayana drugs works on multiple areas to
enhance Vyadhikshamatva through its Dipana, Pachana, Medhya, and non-specific immune
buster properties18. Ayurvedic concept of ‘Rasayana’ seems not only to embody the principal
aspects of new hypothesis centred on an immuno-endocrine psycho neuro axis but also to go
beyond it by encompassing the entire human system with its diverse and complicated
immune endocrine pathway19.
Conclusion
Under this big umbrella, the detail insight is needed on the specific concepts and principles of
Ayurveda. The present article is confined to the brief concept of public health and Rasayana
along with their scope and relationship between these two. The Rasayana therapy will be
proven as best to promote health at primary and public health with longevity too. The
Book Name | 219

posology of Rasayana Dravyas also determine the overall effect of the therapy. The
Rasayana therapy not only enhances the life quality but also extend the lifespan of the
individual. Suvarnaprashana is mentioned for the infants and children to promote health
since birth. Immunomodulation, Adaptogen, Antioxidant, Nootropic, Anti-stress actions have
been found in the studies done on different aspects of Rasayana drugs to enhance Ojasthus
requires vast research studies to be used as a preventive tool in future to strengthen public and
primary health care.
References
1. Bhushan Patwardhan- Ayurveda for all: 11 action points for 2011. J Ayurveda Integr Med.
2010 Oct-Dec; 1(4): 237– 239.
2. Winslow CEA. The untitled field of public health. Mod Med; 1920;2:183-191.
3. Acharya YT, editor. Charaka Samhita. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Surbharati; 2000.
(Charak, Sutrasthan30/26)
4. Acharya YT, editor. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta with Dalhana Tika. Varanasi:
Chaukhambha Orientalia; 1992. (Sushrut, Sutrasthan15/48)
5. Vaidya Dilip Gadgil. Understanding Ayurveda. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2010 Jan-Mar;
1(1):77–80.
6. R B Hosamani. Infectious Diseases – An Ayurvedic Perspective. Health Sciences. Vol.1,
No.1, April-June,2012.
7. Ventegodt S, Omar H, Merrick J. Quality of life as medicine: Interventions that induce
salutogenesis. A review of the literature. Soc Indic Res. 2011; 100:415– 33.
doi:10.1007/s11205-010-9621-8.
quality of life: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61(11):938–
44. doi: 10. 1136 / jech. 2006.056028
9. Antonio Morandi, Carmen Tosto, Paolo Rorberti di Sarsina, and Dacia Dalla Libera-
Salutogenesis and Ayurveda: Indications for Public Health Management, EPMA J. 2011
December; 2(4): 459– 465.
10. Hari Sharma, H.M. Chandola, Gurdip Singh, and Gopal Basisht- Utilization of Ayurveda
in health care: An approach for prevention, health promotion and treatment of disease.
Part-2, Ayurveda in primary health care. The Journal of Alternative and
ComplementaryMedicine.December 2007, 13(10): 1135-1150.
doi:10.1089/acm.2007.7017-B.
11. Janmejaya Samal- Recent Involvement of AYUSH Doctors in Public Health Practice-
South East Regional Public Health Conference & 57th Annual conference of Indian Public
Health Association, 1-3 Feb. 2013 atKolkata.
12. H M Chandola- New ChallengesforAyurveda: How it will stand? AYU.Vo.33, Issue.2,
Book Name | 220

Pages 165:166,2012.
13. Sharma P.V, Charaka Samhita. Charaka Samhita Chikitsasthana 1:28. 4th ed. 1-4.
Chowkambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi, India: Chowkambha Orientalia; 1981-
1996.
14. Acharya VY, editor. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta, Sutra Sthana. 7th ed. Ch. 1, Ver. 8.
Varanasi: Choukhamba Orientalia; 2002. p. 3.
15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5541470/
16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3151378/
17. Prof. Ajay Kumar Sharma, Elements of Rasayana Therapy in Ayurveda.
18. Manisha T, Kumar MS, Reetu S. Rasayana as a Public Health Tool in Communicable
Diseases: A Review. International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine. 2015;6(1):1-7.
19. Handa, S.S. ‘Rasayana’ drugs. Part I. Pharma Times. 1993;25;9–15.
Book Name | 221

Chapter - 36
Management Of Psoriasis - The Ayurvedic Perspective

A Clinical Trial To Study The Effects, Safety And Efficacy
Of Polyherbal Formulations In Patients With Mild To
Moderate Psoriasis.
Dr. Gaurang Joshi*
Dr. Bhavna G.Joshi**
Study Title:
A Clinical Trial to Study the Effects, Safety and Efficacy of Polyherbal Formulations in
Patients with Mild to Moderate Psoriasis.
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study) :

Dr.Gaurang Joshi
Designation : Medical Director
Affiliation : Atharva Multispecialty Ayurveda Hospital,panchakarma Centre, Cancer & Skin
Disease Research Centre, Rajkot, Gujarat
Objectives
Primary objectives:
To check the safety & efficacy of the herbal formulation for psoriasis.
Secondary objectives:
Appearance of side effects
Design :
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Single arm study
Marking: Open Label
Primary Purpose: Treatment
* Director-
Atharva Multispecialty Ayurved Hospital,
Cancer and Skin Disease Research Centre, Panchakarma Hospital.
** Atharva Multispecialty Ayurveda Hospital, Cancer Research Center, Panchakarma and
Skin Care Hospital, 2, Paras Society, Nirmala Convent Road, Opp : Physiotherapy College
Rajkot
Book Name | 222

Interventions and Duration:
Treatment was been given for 4 month and 1 month follow-up was been taken.
Sample Size and Population:
Sample size: 50
Population: Both genders having age in between 14 to 50
Outcome:
Patients with psoriasis were effectively maintained with Extract of Polyherbal Powder for a
median of 4 months.
Patients were found to be recovered with no side effects and less pain after the treatment.
1. STUDY OBJECTIVE:
Primary objectives:
To check the safety & efficacy of the herbal formulation for Psoriasis.
Secondary objectives:
Appearance of side effects
2. BACKGROUND:
Psoriasis is a chronic, genetic, non-contagious skin disorder appears in many different forms
and can affect any part of the body, including the nails and scalp. Psoriasis is categorized as
mild, moderate, or severe. Depending on the percentage of body surface involved and the
impact on the patient's quality of life (QOL).
Treatment is determined by the location, severity and history of psoriasis in each individual.
Many complementary therapies are available, which some people find helpful. The study
formulation is an ayurvedic preparation whose major ingredient includes…aswagandha,
satavari, guduchi, mangishta, chopchini, neem, haridrakhand, harde, sonamukhi.
Epidemiology:
Several epidemiology study of psoriasis state that
Book Name | 223

epidemiology of psoriasis
2%
america
germany
5.60% 1.30%
britain
1.60% denmark
sweden
india
1.70%
2.30%
Pathogenesis:
The primary pathogenesis mechanism for psoriasis is still unknown. Keratinocytes,
fibroblasts, antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and endothelial cells have all been proposed as
candidates for the primary defect. It is likely, however, that abnormal regulation of T cell-
keratinocyte interaction with a complex cytokine network is involved in psoriasis.
Book Name | 224

Book Name | 225
In the study intervention formulation Extract of following Herbs have been used:
• Aswagandha
• Satavari
• Guduchi
• Manjishta
• Chopchini
• Haridrakhand
• Neem
• Harde
• Sonamukhi
3. STUDY DESIGN:
This was an interventional ,open label, nonrandomized, single arm, pilot study of polyherbal
formulation in mild to moderate psoriasis patient. The objective was to determine efficacy
and safety. The study design as follow:
Patient selection
- inclusion criteria
- exclusion criteria
Informed consent
Screening and Enrollment
Treatment and follow-up
Evalution
Patient selection:
➢ Inclusion criteria:
• Age: 14 to 50 years
• Gender: both
➢ Exclusion criteria:
• Patients having evidence of extensive disease that require hospitalization

• Sever state of disease
226
• Pregnant women
• Lactating women
Informed consent:
Informed consent was been explained by principal investigator Dr. Gaurang Joshi to the
patient on study site. If he/ she were agreed to participate than form were been filled. And
patient were been screened.
Screening and evaluation:

➢ Physical parameter:
• Haemoglobin
• Total W.B.C
• Poly morphoneutrophills
• Eosinophills
• Lymphocytes
➢ Biochemical parameter:
• Bilirubin
• SGPT
• Alkaline phosphatase
A summary description of the sequence and duration of
all trial periods including follow-up:
Visit 1: Visit 6:
Visit 2: Visit 3: Visit 4: Visit 5:
Evalution (screening/
parameter enrollment)
(week 5) (week 9) (week 13) (week 17) (week 21)
(week 0/1)
Follow- up
Inform consent
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Medication history
Medical History
physical evalution
biochemical
evaluation
227
Hematological
evalution
Pregnancy test(if
applicable)
ADR evaluation
4. SELECTION AND ENROLLMENT OF PARTICIPANTS:

Study Enrolment Procedures:
▪ Informed consent was been explained by principle investigator and if patient was
agreed to participate than he/ she has filled it.
▪ Screening procedure of participant
▪ Evaluation of data
▪ If participant was eligible to participate in study as per criteria than he/ she was been
enrolled.
5. STUDY INTERVENTIONS:
Interventions, Administration, and Duration:
➢ Intervention:
• Extract of above mentioned herbs were administered in the form of herbal tea.
➢ Administration:
• 5 gm powder of formulation in form of Tea , two times a day.
➢ Duration:
• 4 month
Concomitant Interventions:
➢ Oil: coconut oil was used as an external application.
After taking intervention formulation in a form of tea, participant were been instructed to
apply coconut oil on affected part and have to take sunbath for 10 min.
➢ Dietary Restrictions:
Patients were been Instructed Following Dietary Restrictions as per Ayurveda Text
• Avoid Acidic(Sour) Foods
• Citrus fruits(Viz.Lemon,Orange), Apple, Mango, Grapes, Tomato, Pinepple, Pickles,
Curd, Butter Milk
• Avoid All Fermented Food, All bakery Food Items
• Avoid Whey, Fine Flour
• Avoid Common Salt(Can Take Rock Salt In Less Quantity)
228
• All Non Veg Food(only Boiled Eggs, Some Types Of Fish with My Permission)
• Avoid Red Chills, Green Chills, Chilli Powder, Garlic, Onion etc
• No Fried Food Items
• No Milk Shakes, No Fuits Salad ,No Milk After Eating Fruits For Half an Hour
• No Fruits Or Juices After Milk For Half an hour.
• No Cold Drinks, Ice Creams, Fast Food (Like Pizzas), Saucess, Catch Up
• No Fruit Jams, Preserved Juices Or Foods
• Avoid Sweets, Chocolates, Paneer
• No Dry Fruits(Only Almond & Dry Grapes Can Be Used)
• No Tobacco, Alcohol
• Advised Microbiotic Diet
6. Clinical And Laboratory Evaluations:
Schedule of Evaluations:
Visit 1: Visit 6:
Visit 2: Visit 3: Visit 4: Visit 5:
Evalution (screening/
parameter enrollment)
(week 5) (week 9) (week 13) (week 17) (week 21)
(week 0/1)
Follow- up
Inform consent
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Medication history
Medical History
physical evalution
biochemical
evaluation
Hematological
evalution
Pregnancy test(if
applicable)
ADR evaluation
Special Evaluations:
➢ If necessary than skin biopsy was been done for confirmation of disease.
229
7. Management Of Adverse Experiences:
➢ There were no any sever adverse effect of this intervention formulation.
8. Criteria For Intervention Discontinuation:

➢ Participant was lose to follow up
➢ Withdrawal form study at any time whether due to inadequate response or adverse event
9. Statistical Considerations:
➢ Results:
• Of The 50 Patients Enrolled in The Trial,5 were lost to follow-up, while 45 completed
the Study With Reductions In Symptoms Of Psoriasis Varying Degrees.
The Demographic Characteristics of These Are As Given In Table-1
Table-1 Demographic Characteristics Of Patients
Age(Years) Male Female
18-29 6 4
30-39 14 8
40-49 6 5
Above 49 2 5
Sub Total 28 22
Total 50
Table-2
Adverse Events No.Of Patients( n=50) (%)

Nausea 2 4
Vomiting 1 2
Total 3 6
230
Table-3
Symptoms Changes in Mean Schore + SD

_
Baseline 1 Month 2 Months 3 Months T Value
Erythema 1.48+0.84 1.38+0.75 0.72+0.50 *0.28+0.45 6.15
Scaling 1.50+0.74 1.38+0.64 0.82+0.62 *0.48+0.68 5.23
Induration 1.38+0.70 1.36+0.66 0.82+0.62 *0.58+0.57 4.10
Pruritus 2.08+0.87 1.78+0.71 1.2+0.71 *0.92+0.72 5.64
*p<0.05
10. Conclusion:
This was an interventional, open label, nonrandomized, Single arm, pilot study of polyherbal
formulation in mild to moderate psoriasis patient. The objective was to determine efficacy
and safety. This was because Poly Herbal Powder repairs and maintain the normal skin
structure including its pigmentation and Its appendages
From analysis of the available clinical trials, Extract of Poly Herbal Formulation appears to
be an effective and well-tolerated agent for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
Generally results were seen with Poly Herbal Formulation within 4 to 6 months and were
long lasting with certain dietary restrictions and follow-up.
Key Words : Psoriasis, Ayurved, Immunomodulators. Complete Skin Detoxification
Treatment
12. References:
1. Bonifati C, Ameglio F. Cytokines in psoriasis. Int J Dermatol 38: 241-251, 1999
Christophers E. Psoriasis – epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Exp Dermatol 26:
314-320, 2001
2. Farber EM, Nall ML. The natural history of psoriasis in 5600 patients. Dermatologica
1974; 148:1-18
3. Robert C, Kupper TS. Inflammatory skin diseases, T cells and immune surveillance. N
Engl J Med 1999; 341:1817-1828
4. Simonetti O, Lucarini G, Goteri G, et al. VEGF is Likely a key factor in the link
between inflammations and angiogenesis in psoriasis: results of an
immunohistochemical study. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2006; 19:751-76
5. www.CTRI.com
231
6. Abraham M, Shapiro S, Lahat N, Miller A. The role of IL-18 and IL-12 in the
modulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in monocytic cells.
Int Immunol 14: 1449- 1457, 2002 Birkedal-Hansen H. Proteolytic remodeling of
extracellular matrix. Curr Opin Cell Biol 7: 728-735, 1995
7. Ahmad A, Marshall JF, Basset P, Anglard P, Hart IR. Modulation of human stromelysin
3 promoter activity
8. Griffiths CEM, Camp RDR, Barker 1. er JNWN Psoriasis. In: Burns DA, Breathnach
SM, Cox N, Griffiths CE, eds. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 7th ed. Oxford:
Blackwell; 2005:35.1-35.69.
9. Nevitt GJ, Hutchinson PE. Psoriasis in the Community; prevalence, severity and patients
belief And attitudes towards the disease. Br J Dermatol 1996; 135:533-537.
10. Ortonne 1999, Bos and De Rie 1999

11. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth
12. services.psoriasis.org
13. 13.http://knol.google.com/k/psoriasis#What_are_Some_Other_Manifestations_of_Psoria
sis%2 83F%29
14. www.herbalcureindia.com/herbs/rubia-cordifolia.
15. www.e-psoriasis.com
16. Okhandiar RP, Banerjee BN. Psoriasis in the tropics: An epidemiological survey. J
Indian Med Assoc 1963; 41:550-6
232
233
234
235
236
237
Atharva Multi-Specialty Ayurveda Hospital
Cancer Research Center,
Panchakarma and Skin Care Hospital
An Exclusive International Super Specialty Ayurveda Hospital of Gujarat
Our Specialty-
➢ An Exclusive International Ayurveda Cancer Treatment and Research Center we are
pioneer in treating Cancer patients with the management of Side effects of Radio
and Chemo Therapy, Terminal Stage Cancer Management with Cancer prevention
Diet, Life Style with Ayurveda in on goig Chemo and Radio Therapy
➢ An Exclusive International Ayurveda Skin Diseases Treatment and Research Center,
with high cure rates in all skin diseases like Psoriasis, Vitiligo, Eczema, Lichen Planus,
Chronic Urticaria, all allergic Skin Disorders with our Exclusive Complete Skin
Detoxification Treatment protocol
➢ An exclusive Ayurveda Treatment center for Auto Immune disorders like Rheumatoid
Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Spondylitis, Lupus and all
➢ An exclusive Ayurveda Panchakarma Treatment (Purification) Center
➢ With Our In house International Research products through our company Green Tree
Botanicals Pvt. Ltd.
Our Experts
Dr. Gaurang Joshi,
Dr. Bhavna Joshi
B.A.M.S.
M.D.(Ayu.Onco.Gold Medalist)
International Ayurveda Physician,
Expert in Skin Diseases and Auto Immune Disorders International Ayurveda Cancer Physician
Ayurveda Panchakarma Physician Email - drbhavnajoshi@yahoo.com
International Speaker and Academician Cell No.+919825314997
Cell No. +919825163953
Email- drgaurang_joshi@yahoo.com
Our International Collaboration and Centers in many countries like USA,
Colombia, Mexico, Canada, Argentina, Germany, UK.
Our Organizations are
➢ Atharva Life Science Academic and Research Foundation (ALSAARF) for All Academic,
Research Activities, International Conferences and Ayurveda Social Activities
➢ Atharva Global Academy of Ayurveda conducting all Academic activities across the
globe
Websites
http://www.atharvaayurveda.com | http://www.drgaurangjoshi.com
Address - 2, Paras Society, Nirmala Convent Road, Opp- Physiotherapy College

Rajkot, Gujarat, India, 360007.
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Public & primary healthcare through Ayurveda systems

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Green gram Can be consumed in the form Niacin enhances

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* Medical Student, Eram Medical College, Lucknow

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I am going to explain a case of chippa.

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* MD Scholar Department of Samhita and Siddhant AIIA, New Delhi

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• In the treatment of snake bites, antidotes are prepared • Ch.Chi.23/90

• Before collection of herbal drugs. • Ch.ka.1/14

• Incantation of Rakshoghna mantras to protect and • Su.Su.5/17

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Public & Primary Health Care Thorugh Ayurveda System Inner Pages Final