GISAGARA DISTRICT MAXIMUM: 100 MARKS

SAVE SECTOR DATE: /03/2018

ECOLE TECHNIQUE ST KIZITO DE SAVE DURATION: 3 HOURS
SCHOOL YEAR: 2018 TEACHER: DONAT URIMUBEMSHI
TERM: I

LEVEL IV: ELECTRONIC SERVICES

HANDHELD METAL DETECTOR REPAIR (ELOHR401)

INSTRUCTIONS:

The exam is composed of ONE (1) section:

 Attempt all questions (100 marks)

 Draw a horizontal line to separate answers

Q1. What do you understand by “Handheld metal detector”? /5marks

ANSWER:

A metal detector is an electronic instrument which detects the presence

of metal nearby. Metal detectors are useful for finding metal inclusions hidden within
objects, or metal objects buried underground. Handheld metal detector--Excellent
portable security equipment can help to keep your world safer. 

Hand Held Metal Detectors are used by Security, Police and Military officers to carry
out a non-invasive search of a person for metallic items.

When a metallic item is detected an indication is normally given by a sounder, most

detectors will also operate in a silent vibrating mode.
Q2. What are the external main parts of Garret supper scanner? /5marks

ANSWER:

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Q3. Explain why metal detector must be used to check up people at the entrance.
/5marks

ANSWER:

At the entrance of big halls, meeting rooms and other buildings where many people meet,
metal should be checked before, to ensure the security of audience from inside.

At entrances sensitive from a security point of view, an electronic gate is often installed
which can be used to detect the presence of metal. If a person passes through carrying a
large enough quantity of metal (such as a gun), a buzzer sounds

Q4. List at least five (5) application areas of Garret super scanner. /5marks

ANSWER:

Garret super scanner are used at

(a) Airport to check passengers

(b) At banks to check the clients
(c) At supermarkets/markets
(d) Clubs and meeting halls
(e) At trains entrance to check passengers
(f) At embassies and big institutions such as RDB, RBA, RURA, RRA,…

Q5. What are the main electronic components found inside a metal detector?/5marks

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ANSWER:

Main electronic components found inside a metal detector are

(a) Search coil

(b) Capacitors
(c) Resistors/Potentiometer
(d) Buzzer
(e) Transistors

Q6. Explain the use of Earphone/Recharger port found on Garret super scanner. /5marks

ANSWER:

Earphone/Recharger Jack—An earphone is available (see Accessories) for “silent”

operation or for use in noisy environments. The rechargeable NiMH battery is also
recharged through this jack. Do not attempt to recharge the conventional batteries.
Attempting this will damage the detector. (See Accessories for Rechargeable Battery
Kit.)

Q7. You are required to build a metal detector based on arduino uno, list all components
you have to get ready with. /5marks

ANSWER:

 Resistor of 330Ω, 1kΩ

 Capacitor of 10nF, ceramic capacitor
 Diode (zener diode) 1N4148
 Buzzer, 5V
 LED, 5mm any color
 Arduino Uno
 Inductor

Q8. Explain how the search coil in Q6 is constructed. /5marks

ANSWER:

A search coil comparison of 26 turns of wire, center tapped. 24 SWG to 36 SWG

gauge of wire can be used. Here we had constracted search coil by winding the wire
over 10 cm diameter.

Q9.Differentiate tools from materials used in handheld metal detector repair. /5marks

ANSWER:

Materials are anything you use in order to perform/conduct the experiment you are
running. Tools are the instruments with which you conduct the experiment

Examples: Soldering tin, insulating tape are materials while screw driver and pliers are
tools.

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Q10. On a handheld metal detector, three (3) LEDs are found. What are the colors of the
LEDs? What does each color indicate? /5marks

ANSWER:

Those colors are (Red, Green and Orange)

 Red indicate that metal is detected

 Green indicate that the devices is powered on
 Orange indicates that Battery is low.

Q11. A handheld metal detector can indicate that metal is detected by using different
output indicators. Red LED is one of these output indicators. You are asked to develop an
arduino sketch to blink a red LED. /10 marks

ANSWER:

int LED=13;

void setup()

pinMode(LED, OUTPUT); // the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(LED, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

Q12. What are the types of metal can Garret super scanner is able to detect? /10 marks

ANSWER:

 Ferrous
 Non-ferrous
 Stainless steel

Q13. Predict the daily maintenance of Garret super scanner. /10 marks

ANSWER:

Periodic maintenance should include a daily check for battery condition, verification
that the Super Scanner detects metal and there are no loose or missing parts

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Q14.What are the applications of metal detectors. /10 marks

ANSWER:

Metal detectors are applied in:

1. Security of buildings

Metal detector is very useful to screen people entering a particular building or place, such
as airport, office, school, prison, etc. Mounted detectors (unmovable) usually use some
variation of Pulse Induction (PI) technology. The portable handheld metal detectors usually
use Beat Frequency Oscillation (BFO) technology.

2. Search for Lost

If someone search for a lost item, such as precious piece of jewellery, thanks to metal
detector that can help them searching their metal lost items. Thus, people will not spend
so much time in searching their metal lost items because of metal detector.

3. Detection of Antiquities

Since the ability of metal detector to detect the metal object, it can use to detect the
antiquities that made of metal, such as a Greek gold crown, or an iron tempered war-
clothes from China. Therefore the archaeologist can found the antiquities in the certain
historical places easily.

4. Food processing

During the fabrication process of food in the industry maybe there are a metal object
accidentally mixed with the food. This food contained metal is very dangerous and harmful
for the people when they eat that food. Metal detector can be installed to detect the food
contained metal, so it can be removed automatically before the packaging process.

5. Geological detection 

Metal detector also can detect the metallic composition of soil or rock formations within
the certain area of interest. It also can be use to help searching the mine location of
certain of certain metal.

Q15. Security GISAGARA, is a company that offers security services in the district of
GISAGARA. Some of the security devices it uses are GARRET SUPPER SCANNER. The
company brings to you two (2) GARRET SUPER SCANNER. The devices are facing a
problem low sensitivity to metals nearby. You as electronic technician, you are requested
to repair the devices and on submission date, you have to offer the report on the identified
problem and how you have rectified it and you hand the invoice on the repaired issue.
/10marks

(a) Explain the steps to go through to repair these devices.

(b) Develop the invoice for the work done.
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(c) Write a report to explain what you have done in this repair exercise.
(d) Provide the recommendations for the good use of the repaired devices.
(e) Advise the company about the regular maintenance.

“Ich wϋnsche dir frohen Ostertag”

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